MentzelrodegloriouslytoTrarbach，intoLorraine；stuckupProclamation，\"HungarianMajestycome，byGod’shelp，forherownagain，\"andthelike；——ofwhichDocument，nowfallenrare，wegivetextuallythelastline:\"AndifanyofyouDON’T[don’tsitquietatleast]，Iwill，\"tobebrief，\"firstcutoffyourearsandnoses，andthenhangyououtofhand。\"ThesingularChampionofChristendom，famoustothethenGazetteers！[InAdelung（iii。B，193）theProclamationatlarge。Ihave，oroncehad，a
LifeofMentzel（Dublin，Ithink，1744），\"pricetwopence，\"——dearatthemoney。]NothingfarthercouldGeorge，withhisDutchnowadjoined，dointhoseparts，butwriggleslightlytoandfrowithoutaim；orstandabsolutelystill，andeatprovision（greatuncertaintyanddiscrepancyamongtheGenerals，andStairgoneinahuff[Went，\"August27th，byWorms\"（Henderson，
LifeofCumberlund，p。48），justwhilehisMajestywasbeginningtocross。]），——tillatlengththe\"CombinedPragmaticTroops\"returnedtoMainz（October11th）；andthence，dreadfullyinill—humorwitheachother，separatedintotheirwinter—quartersintheNetherlandsandadjacentregions。
PrinceKarltriedhardinseveralplaces；hardestat，Alt—Breisach，faruptheRiver，withSwabianFreiburgforhisplaceofarms；——anAustrianCountryallthat，\"HithcrAustria，\"SwabianAustria。
There，atAlt—Breisach，layPrinceKarl（24thAugust—3dSeptember），hisleftleaningonthatvenerablesugar—loafHill，withthetowersandrampartsonthetopofit；lookingwistfullyintoAlsace，iftherewerenowayofgettingatit。Hedidgetoncehalf—wayacrosstheRiver，lodginghimselfinanIslandcalledRheinmark；butcouldgetnofarther，owingtotheNoailles—Coignypreparationsforhim。
CalledaCouncilofWar；decidedthathehadnotMagazines，thatitwastoolateintheseason；andmarchedhomeagain（October12th）
throughtheSchwabenland；leaving，besidesthestrongGarrisonofFreiburg，onlyTrenckwith12，000PandourstokeeptheCountryopenforus，againstnextyear。BritannicMajesty，asweobserved，didthen，almostsimultaneously，inlikemannermarchhome；[Adelung，iii。B，192，215；Anonymous，Cumberland，
p。121。]——onegoalisalwaysclearwhenthedaysinks:Makeforyourquarters，foryourbed。
PrinceKarlwasgloriouslywedded，thisWinter，toherHungarianMajesty’syoungSister；——gloriousmeedofWar；and，theysay，aunionofheartswithal；——WifeandhetohaveBrusselsforresidence，andbe\"Joint—GovernorsoftheNetherlands\"henceforth。
StoutKhevenhuller，almostduringtherejoicings，tookfever，andsuddenlydied；tothegreatsorrowofherMajesty，forlossofsuchasoldierandman。[MariaTheresiensLeben，
pp。94，45。]BritannicMajestyhasnotbeensuccessfulwithhisPragmaticArmy。HedidgethisnewKur—Mainz，whohasbroughttheAustrianExorbitancytoafirstreading，andintogeneralview。
HedidgetoutoftheDettingenmouse—trap；and，totheadmirationoftheGazetteermind，and（wehope）envyofMostChristianMajesty，hehas，regardlessofexpense，playedSupremeJoveontheGermanboardsforabovethreemonthsrunning。ButastoSettlementoftheGermanQuarrel，hehasdonenothingatall，andevenagooddealless！LetmecommendtoreadersthislittlescrapofNote；
headed，\"METHODSOFPACIFICATINGGERMANY:——
1。ThereisonereadymethodofpacificatingGermany:ThathisBritannicMajestyshouldfirmlybuttonhisbreeches—pocket，’Notonesixpencemore，Madam！’——andgohometohisbed，ifhefindnobusinesswaitinghimathome。HasnothealwaystheEAR—OF—JENKINS
Question，andtheCauseofLibertyinthatsuccinctform。But，inGermany，sinewsofwarbeingcut，lawofgravitationwouldatonceact；andexorbitantHungarianMajesty，tiredFrance，andallelse，wouldinabriefspaceoftimelapseintoequilibrium，probablyofthemorestablekind。
2。Or，ifyouwanttosavetheCauseofLibertyonagrandscale，therearethoseHANAUCONFERENCES，——Carteret’smagnificentscheme:
AunitedTeutschland（Englandinspiringit），torushonthethroatofFrance，for’Compensation，’foruniversalsalvingofsores。
Thissecondmethod，Dianahavingintervened，isgonetowater，andeventopoisonedwater。Sothat，3\"。TherewasnothingleftforpoorCarteretbutaTREATYOF
WORMS（concerningwhich，somethingmoreexplicitbyandby）:
ATeutschland（theEnglish，doublyandtreblyinspiringit，assurelytheywillnowneed！）torushasaforesaid，intheDISunitedandindeednearlyinternecinestate。Whichthirdmethod——unlessCarteretcanconquerNaplesfortheKaiser，stufftheKaiserintosomesatisfactory’Netherlands’orthelike，andmiraculouslydotheunfeasible（Fortuneperhapsfavoringthebrave）——maybecalledtheunlikelyone！AspoorCarteretprobablyguesses，ordreads；——
hadhenowanychoiceleft。Butitwaslove’slastshift！And，byaidofDianaandotherwise，thatisthepostureinwhich，atMainz，11thOctober，1743，weleavetheGermanQuestion。\"
\"Compensation，\"fromFranceinparticular，isnottobehadgratis，itappears。Somewhereorotheritmustbehad！Complainingonce，assheveryoftendoes，toherSupremeJove，HungarianMajestyhadwritten:\"Why，oh，whydidyouforcemetogiveupSilesia！\"——
SupremeJoveanswers（atwhatdateIneverknew，thoughFriedrichknowsit，and\"hascopyoftheLetter\"）:\"Madam，whatwasgoodtogiveisgoodtotakeback（CCQUIESTBONAPRENDREESTBONA
RENDRE）！\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。27。]
ChapterVI。
VOLTAIREVISITSFRIEDRICHFORTHEFOURTHTIME。
InthelastdaysofAugust，thereappearsatBerlinM。deVoltaire，onhisFourthVisit:——thriceandfourtimeswelcome；thoughthistime，privately，inasomewhatunexpectedcapacity。Cometotryhishandinthediplomaticline；tosoundFriedrichalittle，onbehalfofthedistressedFrenchMinistry。That，veryprivatelyindeed，isVoltaire’serrandatpresent；andgreathopeshangbyitforVoltaire，ifheproveadroitenough。
Poorman，ithadturnedouthecouldnotgethisAcademyDiploma，afterall，——owingagaintointricaciesandheterodoxies。KingLouiswasatfirstwilling，indifferent；naytheChateaurouxwaswilling:
butorthodoxpartiespersuadedhisMajesty；wickedMaurepas（thesamewholastedtilltheRevolutiontime）sethisfaceagainstit；
Maurepas，andANC。deMirepoix（whomtheywittilycall\"ANE\"orAssofMirepoix，thatsouropaquecreature，latelymonk），wereindustriousexceedingly；andputvetoonVoltaire。AstupidBishopwaspreferredtohimforfillinguptheForty。TwoBishopsmagnanimouslyrefused；butonewasfoundwithambitiousstupidityenough:Voltaire，forthethirdtime，failedinthissmallmatter，tohimgreat。Nay，inspiteofthatkissinMEROPE，hecouldnotgethisMORTDECESARacted；cabalsrising；ANCIENdeMirepoixrising；Orthodoxy，sourOpacityprevailingagain。ToMadameandhim（thoughfinelycaressedintheParisiancircles）thesewereprovokingmonths；——enoughtomakeamanforswearLiterature，andtrysomeotherJacob’s—Ladderinthisworld。WhichVoltairehadactualthoughtsof，nowandthen。Wemayask，ArethesethingsofanaturetocreateloveoftheHierarchyinM。deVoltaire？
\"YourAcademyisgoingtobeaSeminaryofPriests，\"saysFriedrich。Thelynx—eyedanimal，——anxiouslyaskingitself，\"Whitherward，then，outofsuchamess？\"——walkswarilyabout，withitspawsofvelvet；buthas，INPOSSE，clawsunderthem，forcertainindividualsandfraternities。
Nor，alas，istheDuChateletrelationitselfsocelestialasitoncewas。Madamehasdiscovered，thinkonlywithwhatfeelings，thatthisgreatmandoesnotloveherasformerly！Thegreatmandenies，readytodenyontheGospels，toherandtohimself；
andyet，atbottom，ifwereadwiththemicroscope，therearesymptoms，anditisnotdeniable。Howshouldit？LeafyMay，hotJune，bydegreescomesOctober，sere，yellow；andatlast，aquiteleaflesscondition，——notFavonius，butgrayNortheast，withitshail—storms（jealousies，barrencankeredgusts），yourmainwindblowing。\"EMILIEFAITDEL’ALGEBRE，\"sneersheonce，inaninadvertentmoment，tosomeLady—friend:\"Emiliedoing？EmilieisdoingAlgebra；thatisEmilie’semployment，——whichwillbeofgreatusetoherintheaffairsofLife，andofgreatcharminSociety。\"
[LetterofVoltaire\"ToMadameChambonin，\"endof1742
（OEuvres，Editionin40vols。，Paris，1818，xxxii。148）；——isMISSEDinthelaterEdition（97vols。，Paris，1837），towhichourhabitualreferenceis。]Voltaire（ifyoureadwiththemicroscope）has，onthissidealso，thoughtsofbeingoff。
\"Offonthisside？\"Madamefliesmad，becomesMegaera，atthementionorsuspicionofit！Ajealous，high—temperedAlgebraicLady。TheyhavehadtotellherofthissecretMissiontoBerlin；
andsheinsistsonbeingtheconduit，allthepaperstopassthroughherhandshereatParis，duringthegreatman’sabsence。
Fixednortheast；thatis，toappearance，thedomesticwindblowing！
AndIratherjudge，thegreatmanisgladtogetawayforatime。
ThisQuasi—DiplomaticSpeculation，oneperceives，ismuchmoreserious，onthepartbothofVoltaireandoftheMinistry，thananyoftheformerhadbeen。And，onVoltaire’spart，thereglitterprospectsnowandthenofsomethingpositivelyDiplomatic，ofarealcareerinthatkind，lyingaheadforhim。Fondhopesthese！
ButamongthenewMinisters，sinceFleury’sdeath，areAmelot，theD’Argensons，personalfriends，oldschool—fellowsofthepoorhuntedman，whoarewillingheshouldhaveshelterfromsuchapack；andallFrenchMinisters，clutchingateveryfloatingspar，inthistheirgeneralshipwreckinGermany，areawareoftheusestheremightbeinhim，insuchcrisis。\"KnowsFriedrich；
mightperhapshavesomepowerinpersuadinghim，——powerinspyinghimatanyrate。UnlessFriedrichdostepforwardagain，whatistobecomeofus！\"——Themutualhintings，negotiatings，expressinterviews，bargainingsandsecret—instructions，dimlytraceableinVoltaire’sLETTERS，hadbeengoingonperhapssinceMaylast，timeofthoseACADEMYfailures，ofthoseBroglioDespatchesfromtheDonauCountries，\"Nostayinghere，yourMajesty！\"——andIthinkitwas，infact，aboutthetimewhenBroglioblewuplikegunpowderandtumbledhomeonthewinds，thatVoltairesetoutonhismission。\"VisittoFriedrich，\"theycallit；——\"invitation\"fromFriedrichthereis，orcan，onthefirsthint，atanypointoftheJourneybe。
Voltairehaslingeredlongontheroad；leftParis，middleofJune；
[HisLetters（OEuvres，lxxiii。42，48）。]buthasbeenexceedinglyexertinghimself，intheHague，atBrussels，andwhereverelsepresent，inthewayofforwardinghiserrand，Spying，contriving，persuading；correspondingtorightandleft，——
corresponding，especiallymuch，withtheKingofPrussiahimself，andthenwith\"M。Amelot，SecretaryofState，\"toreportprogresstothebestadvantage。Therearecuriouselucidativesparks，inthoseVoltaireLetters，chaoticastheyare；smallsparks，elucidative，confirmatoryofyourdullHistoryBooks，andaddingtraits，hereandthere，totheImageyouhaveformedfromthem。
Yieldingyouapoormomentarycomfort；likereadingsomeriddleofnouse；likelightgotincidentally，byrubbingdarkupondark（sayVoltaireflintuponDryasdustgritstone），inthoselabyrinthiccatacombs，ifyouaredoomedtotravelthere。Amereweariness，otherwise，totheoutsidereader，hurryingforward，——tothelightFrenchEditor，whocanpasscomfortablyonwingsorballoons！
[OEuvres，lxxiii。pp。40—138。Clogenson，aDane（whoseNotes，signed\"Clog。，\"areinalltolerablerecentEditions），has，aloneamongtheCommentatorsofVoltaire’sLETTERS，madesomerealattempttowardsexplainingthemanypassagesthatarefallenunintelligible。\"Clog。，\"travellingonfoot，withhiseyesopen，is——especiallyonGerman—Historypoints——incomparableandunique，amonghisFrenchcomradesgoingbyballoon；anddropsarationalorhalf—rationalhintnowandthen，whichismeritoriouslyhelpful。Unhappilyheisbynomeanswell—readinthatGermanmatter，bynomeansalwaysexact；norindeedeverquitetobetrustedwithouttrialhad。]Voltaire’sassiduousfinessingswiththeHagueDiplomatistPeople，orwiththeirSecretariesifbribable；nay，withtheDutchGovernmentitself（\"throughchannelswhichIhaveopened，\"——withinfinitesimallysmallresult）；hisspyings（\"youngPodewils，\"Ministerhere，NephewofthePodewilswehaveknown，\"youngPodewilsinintriguewithaDutchLadyofrank:\"
thinkofthat，yourExcellency）；hispreparatorysubtlecorrespondingswithFriedrich:hisexquisitemanoeuvrings，andreallygreatindustriesinthesmallway:——allthis，andmuchelse，wewillomit。Impatientofthesepreludings，whichhavebeenmany！
Thus，atonepoint，Voltaire\"tookaFLUXION\"（catarrhal，fromthenoseonly），whenFriedrichwasquiteready；then，again，whenVoltairewasready，andthefluxionoff，FriedrichhadgoneuponhisSilesianReviews:inshort，therehadbeensuchcross—purposes，tediousdelays，asaredistressingtothinkof；——andwewillsayonly，thatM。deVoltairedidactually，aftertheconceivableadventures，alightintheBerlinSchloss（lastdayofAugust，asI
count）；welcomed，likenootherman，bytheRoyalLandlordthere；
——andthatthisistheFourthVisit；andhas（instrictprivacy）
weightierintentionsthananyoftheforegoing，onM。deVoltaire’spart。
Voltairehadagloriousreception；apartmentneartheKing’s；
Kingglidingin，atoddmoments，inthebeautifulestway；andforsevenoreightdays，therewas，atBerlinandthenatPotsdam，afineawakeningofthesphere—harmoniesbetweenthem，withtouchesofpracticalitythrowninassuited。Ofcourseitwasnotlongtill，onsometouchofthatlatterkind，Friedrichdiscernedwhatthecelestialmessengerhadcomeuponwithal；——adangerousmomentforM。deVoltaire，\"Kingvisiblyirritated，\"admitshe，withtheaquilineglancetransfixinghim！\"Alas，yourMajesty，mereexcessofloyalty，submission，devotion，onmypoorpart！Deigntothink，maynotthistoo，——inthepresentstateofmyKing，ofmyTwoKings，andofallEurope，——beitselfakindofspheralthing？\"
Sothattheaquilinelightningwasbutmomentary；andabatedtolambenttwinklings，withsomethingevenofcomicinthem，asweshallgather。VoltairehadhisdifficultieswithValori，too；
\"Whatinterlopingfellowisthis？\"gloomedValori，\"AdevotedsecretaryofyourExcellency’s；onhishonor，nothingmore！\"
answeredVoltaire，bowingtotheground:——andstrivestobehaveassuch；givingValori\"thesepoorReportsofminetoputincipher，\"
andthelike。Veryslipperyicehereaboutsfortheadroitman！
HisreportstoAmelotareofsanguinetone；butindicate，totheby—stander，smallprogress；iceslippery，andatwinkleofthecomic。Manyofthemarelost（orliehiddenintheFrenchArchives，andarenotworthdisinterring）:buthereisone，savedbyBeaumarchaisandpublishedlongafterwards，whichwillsufficientlybringhometheoldscenetous。InthePalaceofBerlinorelseofPotsdam（datemustbe，6th—8thSeptember，1743），VoltairefromhisApartmenthandsina\"Memorial\"toFriedrich；andgetsitbackwithMarginalia，——asfollows:
\"WouldyourMajestybepleasedtohavethekindcondescension（ASSEZDEBONTE）toputonthemarginyourreflectionsandorders。\"
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"1。YourMajestyistoknowthattheSieurBassecour[signifiesBACKYARD]，chiefBurghermasterofAmsterdam，hascomelatelytobegM。delaVille，FrenchMinisterthere，tomakeProposalsofPeace。
LaVilleanswered，IftheDutchhadofferstomake，theKinghismastercouldhearthem。
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"1。ThisBassecour，orBackyard，seemstobethegentlemanthathaschargeoffatteningthecaponsandturkeysfortheirHighMightinesses？
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"2。IsitnotclearthatthePeacePartywillinfalliblycarryit，inHolland，——sinceBassecour，oneofthemostdeterminedforWar，beginstospeakofPeace？IsitnotclearthatFranceshowsvigorandwisdom？
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"2。IadmirethewisdomofFrance；butGodpreservemefromeverimitatingit！
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"3。Inthesecircumstances，ifyourMajestytookthetoneofaMaster，gaveexampletothePrincesoftheEmpireinassemblinganArmyofNeutrality，——wouldnotyousnatchthesceptreofEuropefromthehandsoftheEnglish，whonowbraveyou，andspeakinaninsolentrevoltingmannerofyourMajesty，asdo，inHollandalso，thepartyoftheBentincks，theFagels，theOpdams？Ihavemyselfheardthem，andamreportingnothingbutwhatisverytrue。
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"3。Thiswouldbefinerinanodethaninactualreality。IdisturbmyselfverylittleaboutwhattheDutchandEnglishsay，theratherasIunderstandnothingofthosedialects（PATOIS）oftheirs。
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"4。Donotyoucoveryourselfwithanimmortalgloryindeclaringyourself，witheffect，theprotectoroftheEmpire？AndisitnotofmostpressinginteresttoyourMajesty，tohindertheEnglishfrommakingyourEnemytheGrand—Duke[MariaTheresa’sHusband]
KingoftheRomans？
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"4。FrancehasmoreinterestthanPrussiatohinderthat。Besides，onthispoint，dearVoltaire，youareillinformed。FortherecanbenoElectionofaKingoftheRomanswithouttheunanimousconsentoftheEmpire；——soyouperceive，thatalwaysdependsonme。
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"5。WhoeverhasspokenbutaquarterofanhourtotheDuked’Ahremberg[whospiltLordStair’sfineenterpriseslately，andreducedthemtoaDETTINGEN，oragettingintothemouse—trapandagettingout]，totheCountHarrach[importantAustrianOfficial]，LordStair，oranyofthepartisansofAustria，evenforaquarterofanhour[asIhaveoftendone]，hasbeardthemsay，ThattheyburnwithdesiretoopenthecampaigninSilesiaagain。Haveyouinthatcase，Sire，anyallybutFrance？And，howeverpotentyouare，isanallyuselesstoyou？YouknowtheresourcesoftheHouseofAustria，andhowmanyPrincesareunitedtoit。Butwilltheyresistyourpower，joinedtothatoftheHouseofBourbon？
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"5。Onlesyrecevra，Biribi，AlafacondeBarbari，Monami。
Wewillreceivethem，Twiddledee，InthemodeofBarbary，Don’tyousee？
[FormofSong，veryfashionableatParis（seeBarbiersoepius）inthoseyears:\"BIRIBI，\"Ibelieve，isakindoflottery—game。]
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"6。IfyouwerebuttomarchabodyoftroopstoCleves，donotyouawakenterrorandrespect，withoutapprehensionthatanyonedaremakewaronyou？Isitnot，onthecontrary，theonemethodofforcingtheDutchtoconcur，underyourorders，inthepacificationoftheEmpire，andre—establishmentoftheEmperor，whowillthusasecondtimeheindebtedtoyouforhisthrone，andwillaidinthesplendorofyours？
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"6。Vousvoulezqu’envraidieudelamachine，
\"Youwillhavemeastheatre—god，then，\"J’arrivepourtedenouement？
\"Swoopin，andproducethecatastrophe？
\"Qu’auxAnglais，auxPandours，acepeupleinsolent，\"J’ailledonnerladiscipline？——
\"TametosobrietythoseEnglish，thosePandours，andobstreperouspeople？
\"Maisexaminezmieuxmamine；
\"Examinethelookofmebetter；
\"Jenesuispasassezmechant！
\"Ihavenotsurlinesseuough。
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"7。Whateverresolutionmaybecometo，willyourMajestydeigntoconfideittome，andimparttheresult，——toyourservant，tohimwhodesirestopasshislifeatyourCourt？MayIhavethehonortoaccompanyyourMajestytoBaireuth；andifyourgoodnessgosofar，wouldyoupleasetodeclareit，thatImayhavetimetoprepareforthejourney？OnefavorablewordwrittentomeintheLetteronthatoccasion[wordfavorabletoFrance，ostensibletoM。AmelotandthemostChristianMajesty]，onewordwouldsufficetoprocuremethehappinessIhave，forsixyears，beenaspiringto，oflivingbesideyou。\"Oh，sendit！
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"7。IfyouliketocometoBaireuth，Ishallbegladtoseeyouthere，providedthejourneydon’tderangeyourhealth。Itwilldependonyourself，then，totakewhatmeasuresyouplease。
[AndabouttheostensibleWORD，——Nothing！]
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"8。DuringtheshortstayIamnowtomake，ifIcouldbemadethebearerofsomenewsagreeabletomyCourt，IwouldsupplicateyourMajestytohonormewithsuchacommission。[Thisdoesnotwantforimpudence，Monsieur！Friedrichanswers，fromaloft！]
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"8。IamnotinanyconnectionwithFrance；IhavenothingtofearnortohopefromFrance。Ifyouwouldlike，IwillmakeaPanegyriconLouisXV。withoutawordoftruthinit:butastopoliticalbusiness，thereis，atpresent，nonetobringustogether；
andneitherisitIthatamtospeakfirst。Whentheyputaquestiontome，itwillhetimetoreply:butyou，whoaresomuchamanofsense，youseewellwhataridiculousbusinessitwouldheif，withoutgroundgivenme，IsettoprescribingprojectsofpolicytoFrance，andevenputthemonpaperwithmyownhand！
MEMORIALBYVOLTAIRE。
\"9。Dowhatsoeveryoumayplease，IshallalwaysloveyourMajestywithmywholeheart。\"
MARGINALIABYFRIEDRICH。
\"9。Iloveyouwithallmyheart；Iesteemyou:Iwilldoalltohaveyou，exceptfollies，andthingswhichwouldmakemeforeverridiculousoverEurope，andatbottomwouldhecontrarytomyinterestsandmyglory。TheonlycommissionIcangiveyouforFrance，istoadvisethemtobehavewithmorewisdomthantheyhavedonehitherto。ThatMonarchyisabodywithmuchstrength，butwithout，soulorenergy（NERF）。\"
AndsoyoumaygiveittoValoritoputincipher，myillustriousMessengerfromtheSpheres。[OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxiii。101—105（seeIb。ii。55）；OEuvresdeFrederic，xxii。141—144。]
Worthreading，this，ratherwell。Verykingly，andcharacteristicoftheyoungFriedrich。SavedbyBeaumarchais，whodidnotgiveitinhisfamousKehlEditionofVOLTAIRE，but\"haditinAutographeverafter，andprinteditinhisDECADEPHILOSOPHIQUE，10
Messidor，Anvii。[Summer，1799j:BeaumarchaishadseveralotherPiecesofthesamesort；\"which，asbitsofcontemporaryphotographing，onewouldhavelikedtosee。
FRIEDRICVISITSBAIREUTH:ONAPARTICULARERRAND；——VOLTAIRE
ATTENDING，ANDPRIVATELYREPORTING。
This\"BIRIBI\"Document，Isupposetohavebeendeliveredperhapsonthe7th；andthatFriedrichHADit，buthadnotyetansweredit，whenhewrotethefollowingLetter:——
\"POTSDAM，8thSEPTEMBER，1743[FriedrichtoVoltaire]。——IdarenotspeaktoasonofApolloabouthorsesandcarriages，relaysandsuchthings；thesearedetailswithwhichthegodsdonotconcernthemselves，andwhichwemortalstakeuponus。YouwillsetoutonMondayafternoon，ifyoulikethejourney，forBaireuth，andyouwilldinewithmeinpassing，ifyouplease[atPotsdamhere]。
\"TherestofmyMEMOIRE[Paperbeforegiven？]issoblurredandinsobadastate，Icannotyetsendityou。——IamgettingCantos8
and9ofLAPUCELLEcopied；IatpresenthaveCantos1，2，4，5，8
and9:Ikeepthemunderthreekeys，thattheeyeofmortalmaynotseethem。
\"Ihearyousuppedyesternightingoodcompany[greatgatheringinsomehighhouse，goneallasundernow]；
\"ThefinestwitsoftheCantonAllcollectedinyourname，Peopleallwhocouldnotbutbepleasedwithyou，AlldevoutbelieversinVoltaire，UnanimouslytookyouForthegodoftheirParadise。
\"’Paradise，’thatyoumaynotbescandalized，istakenhereinageneralsenseforaplaceofpleasureandjoy。Seethe’remark’onthelastverseoftheMONDAIN。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxii。144；Voltaire，lxxiii。100（scandalouslyMISdatedinEdition1818，xxxix。466）。AstoMONDAIN，and\"remark\"uponit，——
theghostofwhatwasonceasparkleofsuccessfulcoterie—speechandepistolaryallusion，——takethis:\"IntheMONDAINVoltairehadwritten，’LEPARADISTERRESTREESTOUJESUIS；’andasthePriestsmadeoutcry，hadwithairsoforthodoxyexplainedthephraseaway，\"
——asFriedrichnowaffectstodo；obliquelyquizzing，intheFriedrichmanner。
VoltaireistogoupontheBaireuthJourney，then，accordingtoprayer。WhetherVoltaireevergotthatall—important\"wordwhichhecouldshow，\"Icannotsay:thoughthereissomeappearancethatFriedrichmayhavedashedoffforhimthePanegyricofLouis，intheseveryhours，toservehisturn，andhavedonewithhim。
Underdate7thSeptember，daybeforetheLetterjustread，herearesnatchesfromanothertothesameaddress:——
\"POTSDAM，7thSEPTEMBER，1743[FriedrichtoVoltaire]。——YoutellmesomuchgoodofFranceandofitsKing，itweretobewishedallSovereignshadsubjectslikeyou，andallCommonwealthssuchcitizens，——[youcanshowthat，Isuppose？]WhatapityFranceandSwedenhadnothadMilitaryChiefsofyourwayofthinking！Butitisverycertain，saywhatyouwill，thatthefeeblenessoftheirGenerals，andthetimidityoftheircounsels，havealmostruinedinpublicreputetwoNationswhich，nothalfacenturyago，inspiredterroroverEurope。\"——……\"ScandalousPeace，thatofFleury，in1735；abandoningKingStanislaus，cheatingSpain，cheatingSardinia，togetLorraine！AndnowthismannerofabandoningtheEmperor[respectableKarlVII。ofyourmaking]；sacrificingBavaria；andreducingthatworthyPrincetothelowestpoverty，——
poverty，Isaynot，ofaPrince，butintothefrightfuleststateforaprivateman！\"Ah，Monsieur。
\"AndyetyourFranceisthemostcharmingofNations；andifitisnotfeared，itdeserveswelltobeloved。AKingworthytocommandit，whogovernssagely，andacquiresforhimselftheesteemofallEurope，——[there，won’tthatdo！]mayrestoreitsancientsplendor，whichtheBroglios，andsomanyothersevenmoreinept，havealittleeclipsed。ThatisassuredlyaworkworthyofaPrinceendowedwithsuchgifts！Toreversethesadpostureofaffairs，noblyrepairingwhatothershavespoiled；todefendhiscountryagainstfuriousenemies，reducingthemtobegPeace，insteadofscornfullyrejectingitwhenoffered:neverwasmoregloryacquirablebyanyKing！Ishalladmirewhatsoeverthisgreatman[CEGRANDHOMME，LouisXV。，notyetvisiblytendingtothedung—
heap，letushopebetterthings！]mayachieveinthatway；andofalltheSovereignsofEuropenonewillbelessjealousofhissuccessthanI:\"——there，myspheralfriend，showthat！
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxii。139:see，forwhatfollowed，OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxiii。
129（reporttoAmelot，27thOctober）。]
Whichthespheralfrienddoes。Norwasit\"irony，\"asthenewCommentatorsthink；notatall；sincereenough，whatyoucallsincere；——Voltairehimselfhadanosefor\"irony\"！ThiswaswhatyoucallsincerePanegyricinliberalmeasure；whybestingywithyourmeasure？Itcostshalfanhour:itwillendVoltaire’simportunities；andsomay，ifanything，oilthebusiness—wheelswithal。ForFriedrichforeseesbusinessenoughwithLouisandtheFrenchMinistries，thoughhewillnotenteronitwithVoltaire。
ThisJourneytoBaireuthandAnspach，forexample，thisisnotforavisittohisSisters，asFriedrichlabelsit；buthasextensivepurposeshiddenunderthattitle，——meetingswithFranconianPotentates，earnestsurvey，earnestconsultationonastateofthingsaltogethergraveforGermanyandFriedrich；thoughheunderstandswhomtotreatwithaboutit，whomtoanswerwitha\"BIRIBIRI，MONAMI。\"ThatAustrianExorbitancyofamessagetotheDiethascomeout（August16th，andisstrugglingtoDICTATUR）；
theAustrianproceduresinBaiernareintheirfullflagrancy:
Friedrichintendstryingoncemore，Whether，insuchcrisis，therebeabsolutelyno\"UnionofGermanPrinces\"possible；norevenofanytwoorthreeofthem，inthe\"SwabianandFranconianCircles，\"
whichhealwaysthoughtthelikeliest？
TheJourneytookeffect，Tuesday，10thSeptember[Rodenbeck，i。93。]（notthedaybefore，asFriedrichhadbeenprojecting）；
wentbyHalle，straightuponBaireuth；andendedthereonThursday。
Asusual，PrinceAugustWilhelm，andPrinceFerdinandofBrunswick，wereofit；Voltairefailednottoaccompany。Whatthecomplexionofitwas，especiallywhatFriedrichhadmeantbyit，andhowillhesucceeded，willperhapsbemostdirectlyvisiblethroughthefollowingcompressedExcerptsfromVoltaire’slongLETTERtoSecretaryAmelotonthesubject，——ifreaderswillbediligentwiththem。Friedrich，afterfourdays，ranacrosstoAnspachonimportantbusiness；camebackwithmerefailure，andwasprovokinglyquitesilentonit；stayedatBaireuthsomethreedaysmore；thencehomebyGotha（stillon\"Union\"business，stillmerefailure），byLeipzig，andarrivedatPotsdam，September25th；——
leavingVoltaireinWilhelmina’scharmedcircle（ofwhichunhappilythereisnotawordsaid），foraboutaweekmore。
Voltaire，directlyongettingbacktoBerlin，\"resumesthethreadofhisjournal\"toSecretaryAmelot；thatis，writeshimanotherlongLetter:——
VOLTAIRE（fromBerlin，3dOctober，1743）TOSECRETARYAMELOT。
\"……TheKingofPrussiatoldmeatBaireuth，onthe13thor14thoflastmonth，HewasgladourKinghadsenttheKaisermoney；\"——
usefulthat，atanyrate；Noailles’s6，000poundswouldnotgofar。
\"ThathethoughtM。leMarechaldeNoailles’sexplanation[ofacertainsmallrumor，tothedisadvantageofNoaillesinreferencetotheKaiser]wassatisfactory:’but，’addedhe，’itresultsfromallyoursecretmotionsthatyouarebeggingPeacefromeverybody，andtheremayhavebeensomethinginthisrumor，afterall。’
\"HethentoldmehewasgoingovertoAnspach，toseewhatcouldbedonefortheCommonCause[Kaiser’sandOurs]；thatheexpectedtomeettheBishopofWurzburgthere；andwouldtrytostirtheFrankishandSwabianCirclesintosomekindofUnion。And，atsettingoff[fromBaireuth，September16th，onthiserrand]，hepromisedhisBrother—in—lawtheMargraf，Hewouldreturnwithgreatschemesafoot，andevenwithgreatsuccess；\"whichprovedotherwise，toadisappointingdegree。
\"……TheMargrafofAnspachdidsayhewouldjoinaUnionofPrincesinfavoroftheKaiser，ifPrussiagaveexample。Butthatwasall。TheBishopofWurzburg，\"afeebleoldcreature，\"neverappearedatAnspach，norevensentanapology；andSeckendorf，withtheImperialArmy\"——Seckendorf，cagedupatWembdingen（whomFriedrichdroveofffromAnspach，twentymiles，toseeandconsult），wasinadisconsolatemoultingcondition，andcouldpromiseoradvisenothingsatisfactory，duringthedinneronetookwithhim。[September19th，\"underashadytree，aftermusterofthetroops\"（Rodenbeck，p。93）。]FourdaysrunningaboutonthoseerrandshadyieldedhisPrussianMajestynothing。\"Whilsthe（PrussianMajesty）wasonthisAnspachexcursion，theMargrafofBaireuth，whoislatelymadeField—marshalofhisCircle，spokemuchtomeofpresentaffairs:ayoungPrince，fullofworthandcourage，wholovestheFrench，hatestheAustrians，\"——andwouldfainmakehimselfgenerallyuseful。\"TowhomIsuggestedthisandthat\"（doesyourLordshipobserve？），ifitcouldevercometoanything。
\"TheKingofPrussia，onreturningtoBaireuth[guess，20thSeptember]，didnotspeaktheleastwordofbusinesstotheMargraf:whichmuchsurprisedthelatter！HesurprisedhimstillmorebyindicatingsomeintentiontoretainforciblyatBerlintheyoungDukeofWurtemberg，underpretext，’thatMadamhisMotherintendedtohavehimtakentoVienna，’foreducation。ToangerthisyoungDuke，anddrivehisMothertodespair，wasnotthemethodforacquiringcreditintheCircleofSwabia，andgettingthePrincesbroughttounite！
\"TheDuchessofWurtemberg，whowasthereatBaireuth，byappointment，toconferwiththeKingofPrussia，senttoseekme。
Ifoundheralldissolvedintears。’Ah！’saidshe，——[ButwhyisourdearWilhelminaleftsayingnothing；invisible，behindthecurtainsofenviousChance，andonlyaskirtofthemliftedtoshowusthisImproperDuchessoncemore！]——’Ah！’saidshe（theImproperDuchess，atsightofme），’willtheKingofPrussiabeatyrant，then？TopaymeforintrustingmyBoystohim，andgivinghimtwoRegiments[formoneydown]，willheforcemetoimplorejusticeagainsthimfromthewholeworld？ImusthavemyChild！HeshallnotgotoVienna；itisinhisownCountrythatIwillhavehimbroughtupbesideme。ToputmySoninAustrianhands？[unless，indeed，yourHighnessweredrivenintoFinancialorotherstraits？]
YouknowifIloveFrance；——ifmydesignisnottopasstherestofmydaysthere，sosoonasmySoncomestomajority！’Ohone，ohoo！
\"Infine，thequarrelwasappeased。TheKingofPrussiatoldmehewouldbegentlerwiththeMother；wouldrestoretheSoniftheyabsolutelywishedit；butthathehopedtheyoungPrincewouldofhimselflikebettertostaywherehewas。\"……——\"ItrustyourLordshipwillallowmetodrawforthose300ducats，foranewcarriage。IhavespentallIhad，runningaboutthesefourmonths。
IleavethisforBrunswickandhomewards，ontheeveningofthe12th。\"[Voltaire，lxxiii。105—109。]……
AndsothecurtaindropsontheBaireuthJourney，ontheBerlinVisit；andindeed，ifthatwereanything，onVoltaire’sDiplomaticcareeraltogether。TheinsignificantAccidents，thedullPowersthatbe，sayNo。Curioustoreflect，hadtheyhappenedtosayYes:
——\"GointotheDiplomaticline，then，yousharpclimbingcreature，andbecomegreatbythatmethod；WRITEnomore，you；writeonlyDespatchesandSpy—Lettershenceforth！\"——howdifferentaworldforus，andforallmortalsthatreadandthatdonotread，therehadnowbeen！
VoltairefancieshehasdonehisDiplomacywell，notwithoutfruit；
and，atBrunswick，——cheeredbythegrandwelcomehefoundthere，——hasdelightfuloutlooks（mightIdaretosuggestthem，Monseigneur？）oftouringaboutintheGermanCourts，withsomeCircularHORTATORIUM，orsublimeBegging—LetterfromtheKaiser，inhishand；and，bywitcheryoftongue，urgingWurtemberg，Brunswick，Baireuth，Anspach，Berlin，tocompliancewiththeImperialMajestyandFrance。[Ib。lxxiii。133。]Wouldnotthatbesublime！Butthat，liketherest，inspiteofone’stalent，cametonothing。Talent？
Success？MadamedeChateaurouxhad，intheinterim，takenadisliketoM。Amelot；\"couldnotbearhisstammering，\"thefastidiousImproperFemale；flungAmelotoverboard，——Amelot，andhisluggageafterhim，Voltaire’sdiplomatichopesincluded；andtherewasanend。
Howravishingthethinghadbeenwhileitlasted，judgebytheseotherstraysymptoms；hastilypickedup，partlyatBerlin，partlyatBrunswick；whichshowusthebrightmeridian，andalsotheblaze，almoststillmoreradiant，whichprovedtobesunset。
ReadershaveheardofVoltaire’sMadrigalstocertainPrincesses；
andmustreadtheseThreeagain，——whicharereallyincomparableintheirkind；notequalledingracefulfelicityevenbyGoethe，andbyhimaloneofPoetsapproachedinthatrespect。AtBerlin，Autumn1743，ThreeconsummateMadrigals:——
1。TOPRINCESSULRIQUE。
\"SouventunpeudeveriteSemeleauplusgrossiermensonge:
Cettenuit，dansl’erreurd’unsonge，Aurangdesroisj’etaismonte。
Jevousaimais，Princesse，etj’osaisvousledire！
Lesdieuxamonreveilnem’ontpastoutote，Jen’aiperduquemonempire。\"
2。TOPRINCESSESULRIQUEANDAMELIA。
\"SiParisvenaitsurlaterrePourjugerentrevosbeauxyeux，Ilcouperaitlapommeendeux，Etneproduiraitpasdeguerre。\"
3。TOPRINCESSESULRIQUE，AMELIAANDWILHELMINA。
\"Pardon，charmanteUlrique；pardon，belleAmelie；
J’aicrun’aimerquevouslarestedemavie，Etneservirquesousvoslois；
Maisenfinj’entendsetjevoisCetteadorableSoeurdontl’Amoursuitlestraces:
Ah，cen’estpasoutragerlesTroisGracesQuedelesaimertoutestrois！\"
[1。\"Agrainoftruthisoftenmingledwiththestupidestdelusion。
Yesternight，intheerrorofadream，Ihadrisentotherankofking；Ilovedyou，Princess，andhadtheaudacitytosayso！Thegods，atmyawakening，didnotstripmewholly；mykingdomwasalltheytookfromme。\"
2。IfParis[ofTroy]camebacktodecideonthecharmsofyouTwo，hewouldhalvetheApple，andproducenoWar。\"
3。\"Pardon，charmingUlrique；beautifulAmelia，pardon:IthoughtI
shouldloveonlyyoufortherestofmylife，andserveunderyourlawsonly:butatlastIhearandseethisadorableSister，whomLovefollowsasPage:——Ah，itisnotoffendingtheThreeGracestolovethemallthree！\"
——InOeuvresdeVoltaire，xviii。:No。1is，p。292（inOEuvresdeFrederic，xiv。90—92，theANSWERStoit）；No。2is，p。320；No。3，p。321。]
BRUNSWICK，16thOctober（blazingsunset，asitproved，butbrighteralmostthanmeridian），aLETTERFROMVOLTAIRETO
MAUPERTUIS（stillinFrancesincethathorribleMollwitz—PandourBusiness）。
\"InmywanderingsIreceivedtheLetterwheremydearFlattenerofthisGlobedeignstoremembermewithsomuchfriendship。Isitpossiblethat——……ImadeyourcomplimentstoallyourfriendsatBerlin；thatis，toalltheCourt。\"\"SawDr。Ellerdecomposingwaterintoelasticair[orthinkinghedidso，1743]；sawtheOperaofTITUS，whichisamasterpieceofmusic[byFriedrichhimself，withtheimportantaidofGraun]:itwas，withoutvanity，atreattheKinggaveme，orrathergavehimself；hewishedIshouldseehiminhisglory。
\"HisOpera—HouseisthefinestinEurope。Charlottenburgisadeliciousabode:Friedrichdoesthehonorsthere，theKingknowingnothingofit……OnelivesatPotsdamasintheChateauofaFrenchSeigneurwhohadcultureandgenius，——inspiteofthatbigBattalionofGuards，whichseemstometheterriblestBattalioninthisworld。
\"Jordanisstillthesame，——BONGARCONETDISCRET；hashisoddities，his1，600crowns（240pounds）ofpension。D’ArgensisChamberlain，withagoldkeyathisbreast—pocket，and100louisinside，payablemonthly。Chasot[whomreadersmadeacquaintancewithatPhilipsburglongsince]，insteadofcursinghisdestiny，musthavetakentoblessit:heisMajorofHorse，withincomeenough。Andhehaswellearnedit，havingsavedtheKing’sBaggageatthelastBattleofChotusitz，\"——whatwedidnotnotice，inthehorse—chargesandgrandtumultsofthatscene。
\"Ipassedsomedays[afortnightinall]atBaireuth。HerRoyalHighness，ofcourse，spoketomeofyou。Baireuthisadelightfulretreat，whereoneenjoyswhateverthereisagreeableinaCourt，withoutthebotherofgrandeur。Brunswick，whereIam，hasanotherspeciesofcharm。’TisacelestialVoyagethisofmine，whereI
passfromPlanettoPlanet，\"——totumultuousParis；and，Idohope，tomyuniqueMaupertuisawaitingmethereatlast。[Voltaire，lxxiii。122—125。]’
Wehaveonlytoremarkfarther，thatFriedrichhadagainpressedVoltairetocomeandlivewithhim，andchoosehisownterms；
andthatVoltaire（asasecondstringtohisbow，shouldthisfineDiplomaticonefail）hadprovisionallyaccepted。Provisionally；
andwithonemostremarkableclause:thatofleavingoutMadame，——
\"imaginingitwouldbelessagreeabletoyouifIcamewithothers（AVECD’AUTRES）；andIown，thatbelongingtoyourMajestyalone，I
shouldhavemymindmoreatease:\"[OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxiii。112，116（ProposalandResponse，bothofthem\"7thOctober，\"fivedaysbeforeleavingBerlin）。]——whew！Andthentoaddathirdthing:ThatMadame，drivenhalfdelirious，bythesedelays，andgyratingsfromPlanettoPlanet，especiallybythatlastFortnightatBaireuth，hadrushedofffromParis，toseekhervagabond，andseeintohimwithherowneyes:\"Couldn’thelpit，myangels！\"writesshetotheD’Argentals（excellentguardianangels，MonsieurandMadame；and，Iamsure，PATIENTbothofthem，asonlyMONSIEURJobwas，intheoldcase）:\"Awholefortnight[perhapswithmadrigalstoPrincesses]，andonlyfourlinestome！\"
——andisnowinbed，orlatelywas，atLille，illofslowfever（PETITEFIEVRE）；pantingtobeupontheroadagain。
[LettresineditesdeMadameduChasteletaM。leComted’Argental（Paris，1806）p。253。AcuriouslyelucidativeLetterthis（\"Brussels，15thOctober，1743\"）；acuriouslittleBookaltogether。]
FancywhatagreetingforM。deVoltaire，fromthoseeyesHAGARDES
ETLOUCHES；andwhetherhementionedthatprettylittleclauseofgoingtoBerlin\"WITHOUTothers，\"ordurstforthelifeofhimwhisperofgoingatall！AfterpauseintheBrusselsregion，theycamebacktoParis\"inDecember；\"resigned，Ihope，toinexorableFate，——thoughwithsuchDiplomaticandotherfineprospectsflungtothefishes，andlittlebutGREDINSandconfusionswaitingyou，asformerly。
ChapterVII。
FRIEDRICHMAKESTREATYWITHFRANCE；ANDSILENTLYGETSREADY。
ThoughFriedrichwentuponthebanteringtonewithVoltaire，hisprivatethoughtsinregardtothesurroundingsceneofthingswereextremelyserious；andalreadyithadbeguntobeapparent，fromthoseBritannic—Austrianprocedures，thatsomenewalliancewithFrancemightwelllieaheadforhim。DuringVoltaire’svisit，thatextraordinaryPaperfromVienna，thattheKaiserwasnoKaiser，andthattheremustbe\"compensation\"andsatisfactory\"assurance，\"hadcomeintofullglareoffirst—reading；andtheDICTATUR—SACHE，anddenunciationofanevidentlypartialKur—Mainz，wasawakeningeverywhere。Voltairehadnotgone，when，——throughPodewilsJunior（probablywithhelpoftheimproperDutchfemaleofrank），——
Friedrichgottowitofanotherthing，notlessmomentoustohim；
andthrowingfearfullightonthatof\"compensation\"and\"assurance。\"ThiswastheTreatyofWorms，——donebyCarteretandGeorge，September13th，duringthoselanguidRhineoperations；
Treatyitselfnotlanguid，butaverylivelything，toFriedrichandtoalltheworld！Concerningwhichafewwordsnow。
Wehavesaid，accordingtopromise，andwillsay，nexttonothingofMariaTheresa’sItalianWar；buthopealwaysthereaderkeepsitinmind。Bigwar—cloudswaltzinghitherandthither，occasionallyclashingintobloodyconflict；SardinianMajestyandInfantPhilipbothpersonallyinthefield，fiercemenboth:Traun，Browne，Lobkowitz，Lichtenstein，Austriansofmark，successivelydistinguishingthemselves；Spain，too，andFranceverydiligent；——
Contioffthither，thenintheirturnsMaillebois，Noailles:——highmilitaryfigures，butremote；shadowy，thunderingINaudiblyonthissideandthat；whomwemustnotmentionfarther。
\"Thenotablefiguretous，\"saysoneofmyNotes，\"isCharlesEmanuel，secondKingofSardinia；whoisattheoldtradeofhisFamily，andshiftsfromsidetoside，makingthewar—balancevibrateatagreatrate，nowthisscalenowthatkickingthebeam。
ForheholdsthedooroftheAlps，BullyBourbonononesideofit，BullyHapsburgontheother；andinquiressharply，\"You，whatwillyougiveme？Andyou？\"ToMariaTheresa’saffairshehasbeensuperlativelyuseful，fortheseTwoYearspast；andtrulysheisnottoopunctualinthereturnscovenantedfor。ItappearstoCharlesEmanuelthattheQueenofHungary，elatedinherhighthought，under—rateshisservices，oflate；thatshepracticallymeanstogivehimverylittleofthosepromisedslicesfromtheLombardparts；andthat，inthemeanwhile，muchtoobigashareoftheWarhasfallenuponhispoorhands，whoshouldbedoorholderonly。
\"Accordinglyhegrumbles，threatens:hehasbeenlisteningtoFrance，’Bourbon，howmuchwillyougiveme，then？’andtheanswerissuchthatheinformstheQueenofHungaryandtheBritannicMajesty，ofhisintentiontoclosewithBourbon，sincetheyontheirsidewilldonothingconsiderable。GeorgeandhisCarteret，nottomentiontheHungarianMajestyatall，arethunder—struckatsuchaprospect；bendalltheirenergiestowardsthisessentialpointofretainingCharlesEmanuel，whichismoreurgenteventhangettingElsass。’Madam，’theysaytoherMajesty，（wecannotsaveItalyforyouonotherterms:Vigevanesco，Finale[whichisGenoa’s]，partofPiacenza[whenoncegot]:theremustbesomesliceoftheLombardpartstothisCharlesEmanueljustlyangry！’
WhereatthehighQueenstorms，andinherhighmannerscoldslittleGeorge，asifheweretheblamableparty，——pretendingfriendship，andyetabettingmerehighwayrobberyorlittlebetter。AndhiscashpaidMadam，andhisDettingenmouse—trapfought？’Well，hehasplentyofcash:——isitmyCause，then，orhisMajesty’sandLiberty’s？’Posterity，inmodernEngland，vainlyendeavorstoconceivethisphenomenon；yetseesittobeundeniable。
\"AndsothereisaTreatyofWormsgotconcocted，afterinfiniteeffortonthepartofCarteret，RobinsontoolaboringandsteaminginViennawithboilersliketoburst；andGeorgegetsitsigned13thSeptember[alreadysignedwhileFriedrichwaslookingintoSeckendorfandWembdingen，ifFriedrichhadknownit]:tothiseffect，ThatCharlesEmanuelshouldhaveannually，downonthenail，ahandsomeincreaseofSubsidy（200，000poundsinsteadof150，000pounds）fromEngland，andultimatelybeyonddoubtsomethinnishspecifiedslicesfromtheLombardparts；andshallproceedfightingfor，notagainst；EnglishFleetco—operating，EnglishPurseditto，regardlessofexpense；withotherfitparticulars，asformerly。[Scholl，ii。330—335；Adelung，iii。B，222—226；Coxe，iii。296。]MariaTheresa，veryangry，looksuponherselfasamartyr，noblycomplyingtosufferforthewhimofEngland；
andRobinsonhashadsuchlaborsandendurances，asteam—engineonthepointofburstingisbutanemblemofhim。ItwasanecessaryTreatyfortheCauseofLiberty，asGeorgeandCarteret，andallEnglishMinistriesandMinisters（DianaofNewcastleveryspecially，inspiteofPittandajuniorOppositionParty）viewedLiberty。ItwasLove’slastshift，——Dianahavinginterveneduponthosemagnificent’ConferencesofHanau’lately！NeverthelessCarteretwasthrownout，nextyear，onaccountofit。AndPosterityisunabletoconceiveit；andasksalwaysoflittleGeorge，What，inthenameofwonder，hadhetodothere，fightingfororagainst，andhiringeverybodyhemettofightagainsteverybody？AKingwitheyessomewhatAFLEUR—DE—TETE:yes；andletussay，hisNation，too，——whichhassatdownquietly，foralmostacenturyback，undermountainsofnonsense，inwardlynothingbutdimScepticism[exceptinthestomachicregions]，andoutwardlysuchaTrinacriaofHypocrisy[unconscious，formostpart]asneverlayonanhonestgiantNationbefore，wasitselfgrownmuchofafool，andcouldexpectnootherkindofKings。
\"ButthepointintenselyinterestingtoFriedrichinthisTreatyofWormswas，That，inenumeratingpunctuallytheotherTreaties，oldandrecent，whichitistoguarantee，andstanduponthebasisof，thereisnowheretheleastmentionofFriedrich’sBRESLAU—AND—BERLINTREATY；thrice—importantTreatywithherHungarianMajestyontheSilesianmatter！Insettlingallmannerofadjoiningandprecedingmatters，thereisnothingsaidofSilesiaatall。Singularindeed。Treatiesenough，fromthatofUtrechtdownward，arewearisomelymentionedhere；butoftheBerlinTreaty，BreslauTreaty，oranyTreatysettlingSilesia，——muchless，ofanyWestminsterTreaty，guaranteeingittotheKingofPrussia，——thereisnotthefaintestmention！Silesia，then，isnotconsideredsettled，bythehighcontractingparties？LittleGeorgehimself，whoguaranteedit，inthehourofneed，littlemorethanayearago，considersitfallenlooseagaininthenewwhirlofcontingencies？’Patience，Madam:whatwasgoodtogiveisgoodtotake！’OnwhatprecisedayormonthFriedrichgotnoticeofthisexpressivesilenceintheTreatyofWorms，wedonotknow；butfromthatday——！\"
Friedrichrecollectsanotherthing，oneofmanyothers:thatofthose\"ulteriormountains，\"whichAustriahadbargainedforasBoundarytoSchlesien。Wildbaremountains；goodforwhat？ForinvadingSchlesienfromtheAustrianside；iffornothingelseconceivable！Thesmallriddlereadsitselftohimso，withapainfulflashoflight。[OEuvresdeFrederic，
iii。34。]Lookingintenselyintothismatter，andputtingthingstogether，Friedrichgetsmoreandmorethealarmingassuranceofthefateintendedhim；andthathewillverilyhavetodrawswordagain，andfightforSilesia，andasifforlife。Fromabouttheendof1743（asIstrivetocompute），therewasinFriedrichhimselfnodoubtleftofit；thoughhisMinisters，whenheconsultedthemagoodwhileafterwards，werequiteincredulous，andspentalltheirstrengthindissuadinganewWar；nowwhentheonlyquestionwas，HowtodosaidWar？\"Howtodoit，tomakereadyfordoingit？Wemustsilentlyselecttheways，themethods:silent，wary，——thenatlastswift；andthemorelikealion—spring，likeaboltfromtheblue，itwillbethebetter！\"ThatisFriedrich’sfixedthought。
TheProblemwascomplicated，almostbeyondexample。TheReich，withaKaiserreducedtosuchapass，hasitspotentialitiesofhelporofhindrance，——itsthousand—foldformulas，inanemostly，yetnotinanewholly，whichinterlacethismattereverywhere，aswithrealthreads，andwithgossamerorapparentthreads，——whichitisessentialtoattendto。Wisehead，thatcoulddiscriminatethedeadFormulasofsuchanimbroglio，fromthenot—dead；andplanthimselfupontheLivingFactsthatdolieinthecentrethere！\"WecannothaveaReichsMediation—Army，then？NoraSwabian—FranconianArmy，todefendtheirownfrontier？\"No；itisevident，none。\"AndthereisnoUnionofPrincespossible；noParty，anywhere，thatwillrisetosupporttheKaiserwhomallGermanyelected；whomAustriaandforeignEnglandhaveinsulted，ruinedandofficiallydesignatedasnon—extant？\"Well，notquiteNo，none；YESperhaps，insomesmalldegree，——ifPrussiawillstepout，withdrawnsword，andgivesignal。TheReichhasitspotentialities，itsformulasnotquitedead；butisasadimbroglio。
Definitefactsagainaremainlytwofold，andofamuchmorecentralnature。FactFIRST:AFrancewhichseesitselflamentablytroddenintothemudbysuchdisappointmentsanddisgraces；which，onproposingpeace，hasmetinsultandinvasion；——Francewillbeunderthenecessityofgettingtoitsfeet，andstrikingforitself；
andindeedisvisiblyrisingintosomethingofdeterminationtodoit:——there，ifPrussiaandtheKaiseraretobehelpedatall，thereliestheonerealhelp。FactSECOND:Friedrich’sfeelingsforthepoorKaiserandthepoorinsultedReich，ofwhichFriedrichisamember。Feelings，these，whicharenot\"feigned\"（astheEnglishsay），butreal，andevenindignant；andaboutthesehecanspeakandpleadfreely。ForhimselfandhisSilesia，THROUGHtheKaiser，Friedrich’sfeelingsarepungentlyreal；——andtheyarewithalcompletelyadjuncttotheothersetoffeelings，andgowhollytointensifyingofthem；theevidenttruthbeing，ThatneitherhenorhisSilesiawouldbeindanger，weretheKaisersafe。
Friedrich’sabstrusediplomacies，anddelicatemotionsandhandlingswiththeReich，thatistosay，withtheKaiserandtheKaiser’sfewfriendsintheReich，andthenagainwiththeFrench，——whichlastedforeightorninemonthsbeforeclosure（October，1743toJune，1744），——areconsideredtohavebeenafinepieceofsteeringindifficultwaters；butwouldonlywearythereader，whoisimpatientforresultsandarrivals。IngeniousHerrProfessorRanke，——whoseHISTORYOFFRIEDRICHconsistsmainlyofsuchmatterexcellentlydone，andoffersmankindawondrouslydistilled\"ASTRAL
SPIRIT，\"orghost—likefac—simile（elegantgrayghost，withstarsdim—twinklingthrough），ofFriedrich’sandotherpeople’sDiplomatizingsinthisWorld，——willsatisfythestrongestdiplomaticappetite；andtohimwerefersuchasaregiventhatway。[Ranke，NeunBucherPreussischerGeschichte，iii。74—137。]’\"Franceandoneself，asSUBSTANCEofhelp；
but，formanyreasons，giveitcarefullyalegalGermanFORMorcoat:\"thatisFriedrich’smethodastofindinghelp。Andhediligentlyprosecutesit；——and，whatisstillluckier，strivestobehimselfatallpointsready，andcapableofdoingwithamininumofhelpfromothers。
BeforetheYear1743wasout，FriedrichhadgotintoseriousDiplomaticColloquywithFrance；suggesting，urging，proposing，hypotheticallypromising。\"February21st，1744，\"hesecretlydespatchedRothenburgtoParis；who，inashiningmanner，consultsnotonlywiththeAmelots，Belleisles，butwiththeChateaurouxherself（whoalwayslikedFriedrich），andwithLouisXV。inperson:
andtriumphantlybringsmatterstoabearing。Readyhere，ontheFrenchside；sosoonasyourReichInterestsaremadethemostof；
sosoonasyourPatriotic\"UnionofReich’sPrinces\"isready！
InMarch，1744，theReichsideoftheAffairwaslikewisegettingwellforward（\"wekeepitmostlysecretfromthepoorKaiser，whoisapttoblab\"）:——andonMay22d，1744，Friedrich，withtheKaiserandTwootherwell—affectedParties（onlytwoasyet，butwehopeformore，andinviteallandsundry），signsolemnlytheir\"UNIONOF
FRANKFURT；\"famouslittleFourfoldoutcomeofsomuchdiplomatizing。[Ranke，ubisupra（TreatyisinAdelung，iv。
103—105）。]Forthewell—affectedParties，besidesFriedrich，andtheKaiserhimself，wereasyetTwoonly:LandgrafWilhelmofHessen—Cassel，disgustedwiththelateCarteretastucitiesatHanau，heisone（andhires，byandby，hispoor6，000HessianstotheFrenchandKaiser，insteadoftotheEnglish；whichisallthehelpHEcangive）；LandgrafWilhelm，andforsolesecondtohimthenewKur—Pfalz，whoalsohasmentohire。NewKur—Pfalz:ourpoorOLDfriendisdead；buthereisanewone，KarlPhilipTheodorbyname，ofwhomweshallhearagainlongafterwards；whowaswedded（intheFrankfurt—Coronationtime，asreadersmighthavenoted）toaGrand—daughteroftheold，andwhois，liketheold，aHereditaryCousinoftheKaiser’s，andalreadyhelpshimallhecan。
OnlytheseTwoasyet，thoughthewholeReichisinvitedtojoin；
these，alongwithFriedrichandtheKaiserhimself，donow，intheirgeneralPatriotic\"Union，\"whichasyetconsistsonlyofFour，covenant，inSixArticles，To，——inbrief，tosupportTeutschland’soppressedKaiserinhisjustrightsanddignities；
andtodo，withtheHouseofAustria，\"allimaginablegoodoffices\"
（nottheleastwhisperoffighting）towardsinducingsaidhighHousetorestoretotheKaiserhisReichs—Archives，hisHereditaryCountries，hisnecessaryImperialFurnishings，calledforbyeverylawhumananddivine:——inwhichendeavor，orinnocentlyotherwise，ifanyofthecontractingpartiesbeattacked，theotherswillguaranteehim，andstrenuouslyhelp。\"Allimaginablegoodoffices；\"
nothingaboutfightinganywhere，——stilllessistheretheleastmentionofFrance；totalsilenceonthathead，byFriedrich’sexpressdesire。ButinaSecretArticle（towhichFrance，youmaybesure，willaccede），itisintimated，\"Thatthewayofgoodofficeshavingsomeunlikelihoods，itMAYbecomenecessarytotakearms。Inwhichtragiccase，theywill，besidesHereditaryBaiern（whichisINalienable，fixedastherocks，byReichs—Law），endeavortoconquer，toreconquerfortheKaiser，hisKingdomofBohmenwithal，asaproperOutfitforTeutschland’sChief:andthat，ifso，hisPrussianMajesty（whowillhavetodosaidconquest）shall，inadditiontohisSchlesien，havefromittheCirclesofKonigsgratz，BunzlauandLeitmeritzforhistrouble。\"ThisistheTreatyofUnion，Secret—Articleandall；doneatFrankfurt—on—
Mayn，22dMay，1744。
Donethenandthere；butnopartofitmadepublic，tillAugustfollowing，[\"22dAugust1744，bytheKaiser\"（Adelung，iv。154。}]
（whentheupshothadcome）；andtheSecretBohemianArticleNOT
thenmadepublic，noreverafterwards，——muchthecontrary；
thoughitwastrueenough，butinconvenienttoconfess，especiallyasitcametonothing。\"Ahypotheticalthing，that，\"saysFriedrichcarelessly；\"wagesmoderateenough，andpropertobesettledbeforehand，thoughtheworkwasneverdone。\"ToreachdownquiteovertheMountains，andhavetheElbeforSilesianFrontier:
this，asanoccasionalvaguethought，orday—dreaminhighmoments，wasprobablynotnewtoFriedrich；andwouldhavebeenverywelcometohim，——haditprovedrealizable，whichitdidnot。Thatthiswas\"Friedrich’srealendingoingtoWaragain，\"wasatonetimetheopinionloudlycurrentinEnglandandotheruninformedquarters；
\"butitisnotnowcredibletoanybody，\"saysHerrRanke；
norindeedworthtalkingof，exceptasamementooftheangryeclipses，andtemporarydust—clouds，whichrisebetweenNations，inanirritateduninformedcondition。
Rapidlyprogressiveintherearofallthis，whichwasitslegalizingGermanCOAT，theFrenchTreaty，whichwastheinteriorSUBSTANCE，ormusculartissue，perfecteditselfunderRothenburg；
andwassignedJune5th，1774（anniversary，byaccident，ofthatFirstTreatyofall，\"June5th，1741\"）；——sanctioning，byFrance，thatBohemianAdventure，ifneedful；minutelysettingforthHow，andunderwhatcontingencies，whateffortsmadeandwhatsuccessesarrivedat，onthepartofFrance，hisPrussianMajestyshalltakethefield；andtryAustria，not\"withallimaginablegoodoffices\"
longer，butwithhardermedicine。OfwhichTreatyweshallonlysayfarther，commiseratingourpoorreaders，ThatFriedrichconsiderablyMOREthankepthissideofit；andFranceveryconsiderablyLESSthanhers。Sothat，hadnottherebeenpunctualpreparationatallpoints，andgoodself—helpinFriedrich，FriedrichhadcomeoutofthisnewAdventureworsethanhedid！
Longmonthsago，theFrench——aspreliminaryandrigorousSINEQUA
NONtotheseFriedrichNegotiations——hadactuallystartedwork，by\"declaringWaronAustria，anddeclaringWaronEngland:\"——NotyetatWar，then，aftersomuchkilling？Ohno，reader；mere\"Allies\"
ofBelligerents，hitherto。These\"Declarations\"theFrenchhadmade；[WaronEngland，15thMarch，1744；onAustria，27thApril（Adelung，iv。78，90）。]andtheFrenchwerereallypushingforward，inanattitudeofindignantenergy，toexecutethesame。Asshallbenoticedbyandby。AndthroughRothenburg，throughSchmettau，bymanychannels，Friedrichisassiduouslyincommunicationwiththem；
encouraging，advising，urging；theiraffairsbeinginasorthis，eversincethesigningofthosemutualEngagements，May22d，June5th。AndnowenoughofthathypotheticDiplomaticstuff。
Warliesahead，inevitabletoFriedrich。HehasgraduallyincreasedhisArmyby18，000；inspectionmoreminuteanddiligentthanever，hasbeenquietlycustomaryoflate；Walrave’sfortificationworks，impregnableornearlyso，theworkatNeissemostofall，FriedrichhadresolvedtoSEEcompleted，——beforethatFrenchTreatyweresigned。Acautiousyoungman，thougharapid；vividlyawakeonallsides。AndsotheFrench—Austrian，French—Englishgameshallgoon；
thebigbowlsboundingandrolling（withvelocities，oncourses，partlycomputabletoaquickeye）；——andattherightinstant，andjunctureofhits，nottillthatnorafterthat，aquickhandshallbowlin；witheffect，asheventurestohope。Heknowswell，itisaterriblegame。Butitisanecessaryone，nottobedespairedof；
itistobewaitedforwithclosedlips，andplayedtoone’sutmost！——