hopingonlyitmaybebreakfast，insomeform，beforethedayquiteterminate。Thedayisstillyoung，hardly8o’clock，whentheiradvancedpartiesfindDettingenbeset；findawholeFrenchArmydrawnup，onthescrubbymoorthere；andcomegallopingbackwiththisinterestingbitofnews！Pausehereupon；muchconsulting；
infact，endlesshitheringandthithering，theaffairbeingknotty:
’Fight，YES，nowatlast！Buthow？’ImpetuousStairwasnotwantingtohimself；Neippergtoo，theysay，wasusefulwithadvice；
D’Ahremberg，Ishouldimagine，goodforlittle。
\"Somesixhoursfollowedofthrice—intricatedeploying，plantingoffield—pieces，counter—batteries；ranking，re—ranking，shufflinghitherandthenthitherofhorseandfoot；Noailles’scannonadeproceedingallthewhile；theEnglish，stillconsiderablyexposedtoit，andstandingitlikestones；chivalrousGrammont，andwithbetterreasontheEnglish，muchwishingthesepreliminariesweredone。Adifficultbusiness，thatofdeployinghere。ThePragmatichadnoroom，jammedsoagainsttheSpessartHills，andobligedtoleanFROMtheRiverandNoailles’scannon；hadtorankitselfinsix，somesayineightlines；horsebehindfoot，aswellasonflank；unsatisfactorytothemilitarymind:andIthinkhadnotdoneshufflingandre—shufflingat2P。M。，——whentheEnemycameburstingon，withaperemptoryfinishtoit，’Enoughofthat，MESSIEUR’SLESANGLAIS！’’Toomuchofit，agreatdeal！’thoughtMessieursgrimly，inresponse。Andthereensuedareallyfuriousclashofhostagainsthost；Frenchchivalry（MAISONDUROI，BlackMousquetaires，theFloweroftheirHorseregiments）dashing，inrightGallicfrenzy，ontheirnaturalenemies，——ontheEnglish，thatis；who，Ifind，weremainlyontheleftwingthere，horseandfoot；andhadmainly（theAustriansandthey，verymainly）theworktodo；——anddid，withaneffort，andluckhelping，managetodoit。
\"’Grammontbreaksorders！Thrice—blamableGrammont！’exclaimNoaillesandothers，sorrowfullywringingtheirhands。Evenso！
Grammonthadwaitedsevenmortalhours；one’scourageburningallthewhile，courageperhapsratherburningdown，——andnottheleastusecomingofif。Grammonthad，innaturalimpatience，graduallyedgedforward；and，intheend，wasbeingcannonadedandprickedintobytheEnemy；——anddidatlast，withhisMAISON—DU—ROI，dashacrossthatessentialHollowWay，andplungeinuponthemontheirownsideofit。And’the，Englishfootgavetheirvolleytoosoon；’
adGrammontdid，ineffect，partlyrepulseanddisorderthefrontranksofthem；and，blazingupuncontrollable，atsightofthosefirstranksindisorder，didpresshomeuponthemmoreandmore；
getwhollyintotheaffair，bringingonhisInfantryaswell:
’Letusfinishitwholly，nowthatourhandisin！’——andtookonecannonfromtheEnemy；anddidotherfeats。
\"Sofuriouswasthatfirstchargeofhis；’MAISON—DU—ROIcoveringitselfwithglory，’——forashortwhile。MAISON—DU—ROIbrokethreelinesoftheEnemy[three，not\"Five\"]；didinsomeplacesactuallybreakthrough；inothers’couldnot，butgallopedalongthefront。’
Threeoftheirlines:butthefourthlinewouldnotbreak；muchthecontrary，itadvanced（AustriansandEnglish）withsteadyfire，hotterandhotter:uponthisfourthlineMAISON—DU—ROIhad，itself，tobreak，prettymuchaltogether，andrushhomeagain，inruinouscondition。’Ourfrontlinesmadelanesforthem；terriblymaltreatingthemwithmusketryonrightandleft，astheygallopedthrough。’AndthiswastheendofGrammont’ssuccesses，thischargeofhorse；forhisinfantryhadnoluckanywhere；andtheessentialcrisisoftheBattlehadbeenhere。Itcontinuedstillagoodwhile；plentyofcannonading，fusillading，butinsporadicdetachedform；aconfusedseriesofsmallshocksandknocks；whichweremostly，orall，unfortunateforGrammont；andwhichatlengthknockedhimquiteoffthefield。’HewasnowinterlacedwiththeEnglish，’moansNoailles；’sothatmycannon，nottoshootGrammontaswellastheEnglish，hadtoceasefiring！’Well，yes，thatistrue，M。leMarechal；butthatisnotsoimportantasyouwouldhaveit。TheEnglishhadstoodninehoursinthisfireofyours；
bydegrees，leaningwellawayfromit；answeringitwithcounter—
batteries；——andwerenotyetruinedbyit，whentheGrammontcrisiscame！NoaillesshouldhavedashedfreshtroopsacrosshisBridges，andtriedtohandlethemwell。Noaillesdidnotdothat；ordoanythingbutwringhishands。
\"TheFightlastedfourhours；everhotterontheEnglishpart，everlesshotontheFrench[fireofanthracite—coalVERSUSflameofdrywood，whichlatteratlastsinksASHY！]——andendedintotaldefeatoftheFrench。TheFrenchInfantrybynomeansbehavedastheirCavalryhaddone。TheGARDESFRANCAISES[fireburningashy，aftersevenhoursofflaming]，whenGrammontorderedthemuptotaketheEnglishinflank，wouldhardlycomeonatall，orstandonepush。
Theythrewawaytheirarms，andplungedintotheRiver，likeadroveofswimmers；gettingdrownedingreatnumbers。Sothattheircomradesnicknamedthem’CANARDSDUMEIN（DucksoftheMayn）:’
andinEnglishmess—rooms，therewentafterwardsasaying:
’TheFrenchhad，inreality，ThreeBridges；oneofthemNOTwooden，andcarpetedwithbluecloth！’Suchthewitofmilitarymankind。
\"……TheEnglish，itappears，didsomethingbymereshouting。
Partialhuzzasandcounter—huzzasbetweentheInfantriesweregoingonatonetime，whenStairhappenedtogallopup:’Stopthat，’saidStair；’letusdoitright。Silence；then，Oneandall，whenIgiveyousignal！’AndStair，attherightmoment，liftinghishat，thereburstoutsuchathunder—growl，edgedwithmelodiousireinalt，asquiteseemedtostrikeadampintotheFrench，saysmyauthority，’andtheynevershoutedmore……Ourgroundinmanypartswasunderrye，’hedgelessfieldsofrye，chiefgrain—cropofthatsandycountry。’Wehadalreadywastedabove120，000acresofit，’stillintheunripestate，sohungrywerewe，manandhorse，’sincecrossingtoAschaffenburg；’——fightingforyourCauseofLiberty，yebenightedones！
\"KingFriedrich’sprivateaccounts，deformedbyridicule，are，ThattheBritannicMajesty，hisrespectableoldUncle，findingtheFrenchtherebarringhiswaytobreakfast，understoodsimplythattheremustandshouldbefighting，ofthetoughest；buthadnoplanorcounselfarther:thathedidatfirstrideup，toseewhatwaswhatwithhisowneyes；butthathishorseranawaywithhim，frightenedatthecannon；uponwhichhehastilygotdown；drewsword；puthimselfattheheadofhisHanoverianInfantry[ontherightwing]，andstood，——leftfootdrawnback，swordpushedout，intheformofafencing—masterdoinglunge，——steadilyinthatdefensiveattitude，inexpugnableliketherocks，tillallwasover，andvictorygained。Thisisdefacedbythespiritofridicule，andnotquitecorrect。BritannicMajesty’shorse[oneofthose500fineanimals]did，itiscertain，atlastdangerouslyrunawaywithhim；
uponwhichhetooktohisfeetandhisHanoverians。Buthehadbeenrepeatedlyonhorseback，intheearlierstages；gallopingabout，tolookwithhisowneyes，couldtheyhaveavailedhim；andwasheardencouraginghispeople，andspeakingevenintheEnglishlanguage，’Steady，myboys；fire，mybraveboys，givethemfire；theywillsoonrun！’[OEuvresdeFrederic，（iii。14）:
compareAnonymous，LifeoftheDukeofCumberland（p。64n。）；Henderson’sLIFEofditto；&c。]Latterly，therecanbenodoubt，hestands[andtoourimagination，hemayfitlystandthroughout]intheaboveattitudeoflunge；nofearinhim，andnoplan；’SANSPEURETSANSAVIS，’asmemighttermit。LikearealHanoverianSovereignofEngland；likeEnglanditself，anditswaysinthoseGermanWars。AtypicalepitomeoflongsectionsofEnglishHistory，thatattitudeoflunge！——
\"TheEnglishOfficersalso，itisevident，behavedintheirusualway:——withoutknowledgeofwar，withoutfearofdeath，orregardtoutmostperilordifficulty；cheeringtheirmen，andkeepingthemsteadyuponthethroatsoftheFrench，sofarasmightbe。
Andalways，afterthatfirststumblewiththeFrenchHorsewasmended，theykeptgainingground，thrustingbacktheEnemy，notovertheDettingenBrookandMoor—groundonly，but，knockafterknock，outofhiswoodyorothercoverts，backandeverback，towardsWelzheim，Kahl，andthoseTwoBridgesofhis。TheflamyFrench[ligneousfireburninglowerandlower，VERSUSanthraciticglowingbrighterandbrighter]foundthattheyhadabadtimeofit；——found，infact，thattheycouldnotstandit；andtumbledfinally，ingreattorrents，acrosstheirBridgesontheMayn，manyleapingintotheRiver，theEnglishsittingdreadfullyontheskirtsofthem。SothathadtheEnglishhadtheirCavalryinreadinesstopursue，Noailles’sArmy，inthehumorithadsunkto，wasruined，andtheVictorywouldhavebeenconspicuouslygreat。
Buttheyhad，astoocommon，nothingready。ImpetuousStairstrovetogetready；\"pushedouttheGreyDragoons\"foroneitem。ButtheAuthoritiesrefusedStair’scounsel，asrashagain；andmadenoeffectualpursuitatall；——toogladthattheyhadbrushedtheirBattle—fieldtriumphantlyclear，andgotoutofthatfatalpinfoldinanhonorablemanner。
MAP:BOOKXIV，ChapV，page257GOESHERE——————————————————————————
\"Theystayedonthegroundtill10atnight；settling，ortryingtosettle，manythings。TheSurgeonswerebusyasbees，butableforOfficersonly；——’DressHIMfirst！’saidthegloriousDukeofCumberland，pointingtoayoungFrenchman[ExcellencyFenelon’sSon，grand—nephewofTELEMAQUE]whowasworsewoundedthanhisHighness。QuiteinthePhilip—Sydneyfashion；whichwasmuchtakennoticeof。’Allthiswhile，wehadnexttonothingtoeat’（saysoneinformant）。——TenP。M。:afterwhich，leavingapoliteLettertoNoailles，’ThathewouldtakecareofourWounded，andburyourSlainaswellashisown，’wemarch[throughapourofrain]toHanau，whereourvictualsare，and12，000newHessiansandHanoveriansbythistime。
\"NoaillespolitelybandagedtheWounded，buriedtheDead。Noailles，gatheringhisscatteredbattalions，foundthathehadlost2，659
men；noruinouslosstohim，——theEnemy’sbeingatleastequal，andallhisWoundedfallenPrisonersofWar。NoruinouslosstoNoailles，haditnotbeenthelossofVictory，——whichwasasoreblowtoFrenchfeeling；and，addingitselftothoseBrogliodisgraces，anewdiscouragementtoMostChristianMajesty。
Victoryindisputablylost:——butisitnotGrammont’sblamealtogether？Grammontbearsit，aswesaw；anditisheavilylaidonhim。Butmyownconjectureis，fortythousandenragedpeople，ofEnglishandotherPlatt—Teutschtype，wouldhavebeenverydifficulttopinup，intocaptivityordeathinsteadofbreakfast，inthatmanner:anditispossibleifpoorGrammonthadnotmistaken，someotherwouldhavedoneso，andthehungryBaresarks（theirbloodfairlyup，asisevident）wouldhaveendedingettingthrough。\"[Espagnac，i。193；GuerredeBoheme，i。231。——Gentleman’sMagazine，vol。
xiii。（for1743），pp。328—481；——containingCarteret’sDespatchfromthefield；followedbymanyotherLettersandindistinctNarrationsfromOfficerspresent（p。434，\"PlanoftheBattle，\"blotchy，indecipherableinparts，butessentiallyrathertrue），——isworthexamining。SeelikewiseAnonymous，MemoirsofthelateDukeofCumberland（Lond。1767；theAuthoranignorant，much—adoringmilitary—man，whohasmadesomestudy，andisnotsostupidashelooks），pp。56—78；andHenderson（ignoranthetoo，much—adoring，andnotmilitary），LifeoftheDukeofCumberland（Lond。1766），pp。32—48。Noailles’sOfficialAccount（ingenuouslyatalosswhattosay），in
Campagnes，ii。B，242—253，306—310。OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。11—14（incorrectinmanyoftheDETAILS）。
ThiswasalltheFightingthatKingGeorgegotofhisPragmaticArmy；thegainfromconquestmadebyitwas，Thatitvictoriouslystruggledbacktoitsbread—cupboard。Stair，abouttwomonthshence，inthemereloiteringandhigglingthattherewas，quittedthePragmatic；magnanimouslysilentonhismanywrongsanddisgusts，desirousonlyof\"returningtotheplough，\"asheexpressedhimself。Theloftyman；wantedseveralrequisitesforbeingaMarlborough；wantedaSarahJennings，asthepreliminaryofall！——WewillnotattendthelazymovementsandproceduresofthePragmaticArmyfarther；whichwereofaltogetherfutilecharacter，eveninthetemporaryGazetteerestimate；andaretobevaluedatzero，andleftcharitablyinoblivionbyapiousposterity。Stair，theonebrightish—lookingmaninit，beinggone，thereremainMajestywithhisD’Ahrembergs，Neippergs，andtheMartialBoy；
GeneralsCope，Hawley，Wade，andmanyofleadencharacter，remain:
——lettheleadenbewrappedinlead。
ItwasnotasuccessfulArmy，thisPragmatic。Dettingenitself，inspiteoftherumoringofGazetteersandtemporarypersons，hadnoresult，——excepttheextremelybadone，ThatitinflatedtoanalarmingheighttheprideandbelligerenthumorofhisBritannic，especiallyofherHungarianMajesty；andmadePeacemoredifficultthanever。ThatofgettingOstein，withhisAustrianleanings，chosenKur—Mainz，——thattooturnedoutill:andperhaps，inthecourseofthenextfewmonths，weshalljudgethat，hadOsteinleantAGAINSTAustria，ithadbeenbetterforAustriaandOstein。
OfthePragmaticArmy，silencehenceforth，ratherthanspeech！——
Onethingwehavetomark，hisBritannicMajesty，commanderofsuchanArmy，——andofsuchaPurse，whichisstillmorestupendous，——hasrisen，intheGazetteerestimateandhisown，toahighpitchofimportance。TobeSupremeJoveofTeutschland，inamanner；andacts，forthepresentSummer，inthatsublimecapacity。
TwoDiplomaticfeatsofhis，——oneaTreatydoneandtumbleddownagain，theotheraTreatydoneandletstand（\"TreatyofWorms，\"
and\"Conferences，\"orNON—Treaty\"ofHanau\"），——areofmomentinthisHistoryandthatofthethenWorld。OfthesetwoTransactions，duebothofthemtosuchanArmyandsuchaPurse，weshallhavetotakesomenoticebyandby；therestshallbelongtoNightandherleadensceptre——muchgoodmaytheydoher！
SometendaysafterDettingen，Broglio（whowascracklingofffromDonauwurth，inviewoftheLinesofSchellenberg，thatvery27thofJune）endedhisretreattotheRhineCountries；\"glorious，\"thoughratherswift，andeatenintobytheTolpatcheriesofPrinceKarl。
\"July8th，atWimpfen\"（intheNeckarRegion，somewaySouthofDettingen），BrogliodelivershistroopstoMarechaldeNoailles’scare；and，nextmorning，rushesofftowardsStrasburg，andquietOfficiallife，asGovernorthere。
\"Thedayafterhisarrival，\"saysFriedrich，\"hegaveagrandballinStrasburg:\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，
iii。10。]\"Beholdyourconqueringherosafeagain，myfriends！\"
AnungratefulCourtjudgedotherwiseofthehero。TookhisStrasburgGovernmentfromhim，gaveittoMarechaldeCoigny；
orderedtheherotohisEstatesintheCountry，Normandy，ifI
remember；——wherehesoondiedofapoplexy，poorman；andwilltroublenoneofusagain。\"Amanbornforsurprises，\"saidFriedrichlongsince，intheStrasburgDoggerel。Losthisindispensablegarnitures，attheFordofSecchiaonce；andnow，intheselasttwelvemonths，isconsideredtohavedoneaseriesofblusteryexplosions，derogatorytothegloryofFrance，andruinoustothatsublimeBelleisleEnterpriseforouething。
AruinedEnterprisethat，atanyrate；seldomwasEnterprisebetterruined。Here，underBroglio，amidthetitteringsofmankind，hasthetailoftheOriflammegonethesamebadroadasitsheaddid；——
intozeroandouterdarkness；leavingtheexpensestopay。Likeamadtavern—brawlofone’sownraising，thebiggestthateverwas。
Hascostalready，Ishouldguess，some80，000FrenchdrilledMen，paiddown，onthenail，totheinexorableFates:andofcoinedMillions，——howmany？Insubsidies，inequipments，inwaste，inlossandwreck:Dryasdustcouldnothavetoldme，hadhetried。Andthenthebreakages，damagesstillchargeable；theprobableafterclap？
Foryoucannotquitegratuitouslytweakpeoplebythenose，inyourwantonhumor，overyourwine！——Onewillingman，orMostChristianMajesty，canatanytimebeginaquarrel；butthereneedalwaystwoormoretoenditagain。
MostChristianMajestyisnotsosensibleofthisfactasheafterwardsbecame；butwhatwithBroglioandtheextinctOriflamme，whatwithDettingenandtheincipientPragmatic，heisheartilydisgustedanddiscouraged；andwisheshehadnotthoughtofcuttingGermanyinFour。July26th，MostChristianMajestyappliestotheGermanDiet；signifying\"ThathedidindeedundertaketohelptheKaiser，accordingtotreaties；butwasthefarthestintheworldfrommeaningtoinvadeGermany，onhisownscore。Thathehadandhasnoquarrel，exceptwithAustriaasKaiser’senemy；andisreadytobefriendsevenwithAustria。AndnowindeedintendstowithdrawhistroopswhollyfromtheGermanterritory。Andcanthereforehopethatallunpleasantnesswillcease，betweentheGermanNationandhim；andthatperhapstheKaiserwillbeabletomakepeacewithherMajestyofHungaryonsoftertermsthanatonetimeseemedlikely。Ifonlytheanimositiesofsovereignpersonswouldassuagethemselves，andeachofuswouldlookwithoutpassionattheissuereallydesirableforhim！\"[Espagnac，i。200。Adelung，iii。B，199
（26thJuly）；Ib。201（theAnswertoit，16thAugust）。]
Thatisnow，26thJuly，1743，KingLouis’sstoryforhimselftotheDietoftheHolyRomanEmpire，TeutschbyNation，sittingatFrankfurtinratherdisconsolatecircumstances。TheDietnaturallyanswered，\"JAWOHL，JAWOHL，\"inintricateofficiallanguage，——
nobodyneedknowwhattheDietanswered。ButwhattheHungarianMajestyanswered，strongandhighinsuchBritannicbacking，——thiswasofsuchunexpectedtone，thatitfixedeverybody’sattention；
andwillveryspeciallyrequiretobenotedbyus，inthecourseofaweekortwo。
Wesaid，herHungarianMajestywasgettingcrownedinBohemia，gettingpersonallyhomagedinUpperAustria，abouttogetvice—
homagedinBavariaitself，——nothingbutgloriouspomp，butloyaltyloudlyvocal，inPrag，inLinzandtheonce—afflictedCountries；
atherreturntoVienna，shehasmetthenewsofDettingen；andisreadytostrikethestarswithhersublimehead。\"MylittlePaladinbecomeSupremeJove，too:aha！\"
BRITANNICMAJESTYHOLDSHISCONFERENCESOFHANAU。
BritannicMajestystayedtwowholemonthsinHanau，brushinghimselfupagainafterthatfiercebout；andconsidering，withmuchdubitation，Whatisthenextthing？\"GoinuponNoailles[whoisstillhangingabouthere，withBrogliocomingonintheexplodedstate]；wreckBroglioandhim！GoinupontheFrench！\"sourgesStairalways:rashStair，urgenttotheedgeofimportunity；
EnglishOfficersandMartialBoyurgentlybackingStair；whiletheHanoverianOfficersandMartialParentaresteadytotheotherview。Sothat，inrespectofWar，thenextthing，fortwomonthscoming，wasabsolutelynothing，andtotheendoftheCampaignwasnothingworthamoment’snoticefromus。ButontheDiplomaticside，thereweretwosomethings，CONFERENCESATHANAUwithpoorKaiserKarl，andTREATYATWORMSwiththeKingofSardinia；
which——asminusquantities，orthingslessthannothing——turnedouttobehighlyconsiderableforhisBritannicMajestyandus。
HANAU，7thJuly—1stAUGUST，1743。\"PoorKaiserKarlhadleftAugsburgJune26th，——whilehisBrogliowasferryingatDonauworth，andhisSeckendorftreatyingforArmisticeatNieder—Schonfeld，——
theverydaybeforeDettingen。Whatapieceofnewstohim，thatDettingen，onhisreturntoFrankfurt！
\"AfewdaysafterDettingen，July3d，Noailles，whoisstillwithincall，cameacrosstoseethispoorstepsonofFortune；
givespiteousaccountofhim，ifanyonewerenowcuriousonthathead:HowhebitterlycomplainsofBroglio，oftheno—subsidiessent，andisdrivennearlydesperate；——notapennyinhispocket，beyondall。UponwhichlatterclauseNoaillesmunificentlyadvancedhima$6，000。’Draughtof40，000crowns，inmyownname；whichdoubtlesstheKing，inhiscompassion，willseegoodtosanction。’
[CampagnesdeNoailles（Amsterdam，1760:
thisisaSequel，orratherVICEVERSA，tothatwhichwehavecalledDESTROISMARECHAUX，beingofthesameCollection），i。316—328。]HisfeelingsonthelossofDettingenmaybepictured。
Buthehadlaidhisaccountwithsuchthings；——preparedfortheworst，sincethatInterviewwithBroglioandConti；oneplannowleft，’Peace，costwhatitwill！’
\"ThepoorKaiserhadalready，aswesaw，gotintohopesofbargainingwithhisBritannicMajesty；andnowheinstantlysetsaboutit，whileHanauisvictorioushead—quarters。BritannicMajestyisnothimselfveryforward；butCarteret，Iratherjudge，hadtakenupthenotion；andonhisMajesty’sandCarteret’spart，thereisactuallythewishandattempttopacificatetheReich；
todosomethingtolerableforthepoorKaiser，aswellassatisfactorytotheHungarianMajesty，——satisfactory，orcapableofbeing（bythePurse—holder）insistedonassuch。
\"AndsotheLandgrafofHessen，excellentWilhelm，KingGeorge’sfriendandgossip，iscomeovertothatlittleTownofHanau，whichishisown，intheSchlossofwhichKingGeorgeislodged:
andthere，betweenCarteretandourLandgraf，——theKingofPrussia’sAmbassador（HerrKlinggraf），andoneortwoselectlyzealousOfficialpersons，assistingorwatching，——wehave’ConferencesofHanau’goingon；inazealousfashion；allpartieseagerforPeacetoKaiserandReich，andingoodhopeofbringingitabout。Thewish，ardenttoadegree，hadbeentheKaiser’sfirstofall。Thescheme，Iguess，waschieflyofCarteret’sdevising；
who，inhismagnificentmind，regardlessofexpense，thinksitmaybepossible，anddiscernswellwhatastrokeitwillbefortheCauseofLiberty，andhowgloriousforaBritannicMajesty’sAdviserinsuchcircumstances。July7th，theConferencesbegan；
and，sofrankandloyalweretheparties，inaweek’stimematterswereadvancedalmosttocompletion，thefundamentaloutlinesofabargainsettled，andalmostreadyforsigning。
\"’GivememyBavariaagain！’theKaiserhadalwayssaid:’IamHeadoftheReich，andhavenothingtoliveupon！’Ononepreliminary，Carterethadalwaysbeeninexorable:’HavedonewithyourFrenchauxiliaries；sendeverysoulofthemhome；theGermansoilonceclearedofthem，muchwillbepossible；tillthennothing。’
KAISER:’Well，givemebackmyBavaria；myBavaria，andsomethingsuitabletoliveupon，asHeadoftheReich:somedecentAnnualPension，tillBavariacomeintopayingcondition，——cannotyou，whoaresowealthy？AndBavariamightbemadeaKingdom，ifyouwishedtodothehandsomething。IwillrenouncemyAustrianPretensions，quitutterlymyFrenchAlliances；consenttohaveherHungarianMajesty’saugustConsortmadeKingoftheRomans[whichmeansKaiserafterme]，andinfactbeverysafetotheHouseofAustriaandtheCauseofLiberty。’Toallthisthethrice—unfortunategentleman，titularEmperoroftheWorld，andunablenowtopayhismilk—scores，iseagertoconsent。TocontinuecrossingtheAbyssesonbridgesofFrenchrainbow？NothingbutFrenchsubsidiestosubsiston；andthesehowpaid，——Noailles’sprivatepocketknowshow！’Iconsent，’saidtheKaiser；’willforgiveandforget，andbygonesshallbebygonesallround！’’FaironhisImperialMajesty’spart，’admitsCarteret；’wewilltrytobepersuasiveatVienna。Difficult，butwewilltry。’Inameekmattershadcometothispoint；andthemorrow，July15th，wasappointedforsigning。
MostimportantofProtocols，foundation—stoneofPeacetoTeutschland；KingFriedrichandtheimpartialPowersapproving，withBritannicGeorgeanddrawnswordpresiding。
\"KingFriedrichapprovesheartily；andhopesitwilldo。
LandgrafWilhelmisproudtohavesavedhisKaiser，——whosogladastheLandgrafandhisKaiser？Carteret，too，isveryglad；
exulting，ashewellmay，tohavecomposedtheseworld—deliriums，orconcentratedthemuponpeccantFrance，hewithhissinglehead，andtohavegotavalueoutofthatabsurdPragmaticArmy，afterall。Amanofmagnificentideas；whohopes’tobringFriedrichovertohismind；’tounitepoorTeutschlandagainstsuchOriflammeInvasionsandintolerableinterferences，andtosettletheaccountofFranceforalongwhile。HeistheonlyEnglishMinisterwhospeaksGerman，knowsGermansituations，interests，ways；orhastheleastrealunderstandingofthishugeGermanImbroglioinwhichEnglandisvoluntarilyweltering。Andtruly，hadCarteretbeenKingofEngland，whichhewasnot，——nay，hadKingFriedrichevergottounderstand，insteadofmisunderstand，whatCarteretWAS，——heremighthavebeenaconsiderableaffair！
\"Butitnow，attheeleventhhour，cameuponmagnificentCarteret，nowseeminglyforthefirsttimeinitsfullforce，ThatheCarteretwasnotthemaster；thattherewasabewilderedParliamentathome，apoorpeddlingDukeofNewcastleleaderofthesame，withhisLordsoftheRegency，whocouldfatallyputanegativeonallthis，unlesstheywerefirstgainedover。Onthemorrow，July15th，Carteret，insteadofsigning，asexpected，hasto——purposeafortnight’sdelaytillheconsultinEngland！Absolutelywouldnotandcouldnotsign，tillaCouriertoEnglandwentandreturned。
ToLandgrafWilhelm’s，toKlinggraf’sandtheKaiser’sverygreatsurprise，disappointmentandsuspicion。ButCarteretwasinflexible:’willonlytakeafortnight，’saidhe；’andIcanhopeallwillyetbewell！’
\"TheCouriercamebackpunctuallyinafortnight。HisMessagewaspresentedatHanau，August1st，——andranconclusivelytotheeffect:’No！We，NoodleofNewcastle，andmyotherLordsofRegency，donotconsent；muchless，willundertaketocarrythethingthroughParliament:Bynomannerofmeans！’SothatCarteret’slatelytoweringAffairhadtocollapseignominiously，inthatmanner；poorCarteretprotestinghissorrow，hisunalterableindividualwishesandfutureendeavors，nottospeakofhisBritannicMajesty’s，——andpolitelypressingonthepoorKaiseragiftof15，000pounds（firstweeklyinstalmentofthe’AnnualPension’thatHAD，intheory，beensetapartforhim）；whichtheKaiser，thoughindigent，declined。[Adelung，iii。B，206，209—212；
seeCoxe，MemoirsofPelham（London，1829），i。75，469。]’
\"ThedisgustofLandgrafWilhelmwasinfinite；who，honestman，sawinallthismerelyanartificeofCarteret’s，ToundotheKaiserwithhisFrenchAllies，toquirkhimoutofhispoorhelpfromtheFrench，andhavehimattheirmercy。’Shameonit！’criedLandgrafWilhelmaloud，andmanyotherslessaloud，KlinggrafandKingFriedrichamongthem:’WhataCarteret！’TheLandgrafturnedawaywithindignationfromperfidiousEngland；andbeganformingquiteoppositeconnections。’Youshallnotevenhavemyhired6，000，youperfidious！Thingdonewithsuchdexterityofart，too！’thoughttheLandgraf，——andcontinuedtothink，tillevidenceturnedup，aftermanymonths。[CARTERETPAPERS（inBritishMuseum），AdditionalMSS。No。22，529（May，1743—January，1745）；inNo。22，527（January—
September，1742）areotherLandgraf—WilhelmpiecesofCorrespondence。]ThiswasFriedrich’sopiniontoo，——permanently，I
believe；——andthatofnearlyalltheworld，tillthethingandtheDoerofthethingwerecontemptuouslyforgotten。ApieceofMachiavelismonthepartofCarteretandperfidiousAlbion，——equalinrefinedcunningtothatoftheShipswithfoulbottom，whichvanishedfromCadiztwoyearsago，andwereadmiredwithashudderbyContinentalmankindwhocouldseeintomillstones！
\"ThisisthesecondstrokeofMachiavellianArtbythoseIslanders，intheirtrulyvulpinemethod。StrokeofArtimportantforthisHistory；andworththeattentionofEnglishreaders，——beingalmostofpatheticnature，whenonecomestounderstandit！Carteret，forthisHanaubusiness，hadclangorenoughtoundergo，poorman，fromGermansandfromEnglish；whichwaswhollyunjust。’Histrade，’saytheEnglish——（orusedtosay，tilltheyforgottheirconsiderableCarteretaltogether）——’wasthatofrisingintheworldbyfeedingthemadGermanhumorsoflittleGeorge；amiserabletrade。’Yes，myfriends；——butitwasnotquiteCarteret’s，ifyouwillpleasetoexamine！Andnonesay，Carteretdidnotdohistrade，whateveritwas，withacertaingreatness，——atleasttillhabitsofdrinkingrathertookhim，Poorman:impatient，probably，ofsuchfortunelongcontinued！Forhewasthrownout，nextSessionofParliament，byNoodleofNewcastle，onthosestrangeterms；andnevercouldgetinagain，andisnowforgotten；andtheresucceededhimstillmoremournfulphenomena，——saidNoodleorthepoorPelhams，namely，——ofwhom，asofstraugeminusquantitiessettomanageouraffairs，thereisstillsomedrearyremembranceinEngland。Well！\"——
Carteret，thoughtherehadbeennoDukeofNewcastletorunathwartthisfinescheme，wouldhavehadhisdifficultiesinmakingherHungarianMajestycomply。HerMajesty’sgreatheart，incurablygrievedaboutSilesia，isbentonhaving，ifnotrestorationoneday，whichisahopesheneverquits，atanyratesomeample（cannotbetooample）equivalentelsewhere。OntheHanauscheme，unitedTeutschland，withEnglandforsoultoit，wouldhavefallenvigorouslyonthethroatofFrance，andmadeFrancedisgorge:
Lorraine，Elsass，theThreeBishoprics，——nottothinkofBurgundy，andearlierplundersfromtheReich，——herewouldhavebeen\"cutandcomeagain\"forherHungarianMajestyandeverybody！——ButDiana，intheshapeofhisGraceofNewcastle，intervenes；andallthishasbecomechimericalandworse。
ItwaswhileCarteret’scourierwasgonetoEnglandandnotcomeback，thatKingLouismadetheabove—mentionedmild，almostpenitent，DeclarationtotheReich，\"Goodpeople，letushavePeace；andallbeaswewere！I，formyshare，wishtobeoutofit；Iamforhome！\"And，ineffect，wasalreadyhome；
everyFrenchmaninarmsbeing，bythistime，onhisownsideoftheRhine，asweshallpresentlyobserve。
For，thesameday，July26th，whilethatwasgoingonatFrankfurt，andCarteret’sreturn—courierwasdueinfivedays，hisBritannicMajestyatHanauhadasplendidvisit，——tendingnottowardsPeacewithFrance，butquitetheoppositeway。VisitfromPrinceKarl，withKhevenhullerandotherdignitaries；doingusthathonor\"tilltheeveningofthe28th。\"QuittingtheirArmy，——whichisnowintheseneighborhoods（Brogliowellgonetoairaheadofit；
Noaillestoo，atthefirstsuresniffofit，havingrusheddouble—
quickacrosstheRhine），——thesehighGentlemenhaverunovertous，foracoupleofdays，to\"congratulateonDettingen；\"or，betterstill，toconsult，facetoface，aboutulteriormovements。\"FollowNoailles；transfertheseatofwartoFranceitself？Thesearemyorders，yourMajesty。CombinedInvasionofElsass:whataslashmaybemadeintoFrance[righthandsellingofyourCarteretScheme]
thisveryyear！\"\"Proper，ineverycase！\"answerstheBritannicMajesty；andengagestoco—operate。UponwhichPrinceKarl——aftertheduereviewing，dinnering，ceremonialblaring，whichwassplendidtowitness[Anonymous，DukeofCumberland，pp。65，86。]——hastensbacktohisArmy（nowlyingaboutBadenDurlach，70，000strong）；andoughttobeswift，whilethechancelasts。
HUNGARIANMAJESTYANSWERS，INTHEDIET，THATFRENCHDECLARATION，\"MAKEPEACE，GOODPEOPLE；IWISHTOBEOUTOFIT！\"——INANOMINOUSMANNER。
Thesearefineprospects，intheFrenchquarter，ofanequivalentforSchlesien；——veryfine，unlessDianaintervene！Dianaornot，Frenchprospectsornot，herHungarianMajestyfastensonBavariawithuncommontightnessoffist，nowthatBavariaissweptclear；
wellresolvedtokeepBavariaforequivalent，tillbettercome。
Exacts，byherdeputy，HomagefromthePopulationthere；
strictOathofFealtytoHER；poorKaiserprotestinghisuttermost，tonopurpose；Kaiser’spoorPrinter（atRegensburg，whichisinBavaria）getting\"triedandhanged\"forprintingsuchProtest！
\"ShedraughtsforciblytheBavarianmilitiasintoherItalianArmy；\"ishighandmercilessonallhands；——inaword，throttlespoorBavaria，asiftothechokingofitoutright。SothattheveryGazetteersinforeignplacesgavevoice，thoughBavariaitself，suchagrasponthethroatofit，wasvoiceless。Seckendorf’spoorBargainforneutralityasaBavarianReich—Army，herHungarianMajestydisdainstoconfirm；toconfirm，oreventoreject；
treatsSeckendorfandhisBavarianArmylittleotherwisethanasastraydogwhichshehasnotyetshot。AndtrulytheoldFeldmarschallliesatWembdingen，inmostdisconsolatemoultingcondition；littleornothingtoliveupon；——theEnglish，generouscreatures，hadatonetimeflunghimsomething，fancyingtheArmisticemightbeuseful；butnowitmustbetheFrenchthatdoit，ifanybody！[Adelung，iii。B，204（\"22dAngust\"），206，&c。]
HanauConferenceshavingfailed，thesethingsdonotfail。
KaiserKarlisbecometragicaltothinkof。AspectacleofpitytoLandgrafWilhelm，toKingFriedrich，andseriouson—lookers；——andperhapsnotofpityonly，butof\"pityandfear\"tosomeofthem！——
sullenAustriatakingitssweetrevenges，inthisfashion。
Readerswhowilllookthroughthesesmallchinks，mayguesswhataworld—welterthiswas；andhowFriedrich，gazingintophaseonphaseofit，asintoOraclesofFate，whichtohimtheywere，hadaHistory，inthesemonths，thatwillnowneverbeknown。
August16thcameoutherHungarianMajesty’sResponsetothatmildquasi—penitentDeclarationofKingLouistotheReich；andmuchastonishedKingLouisandothers，andtheveryReichitself。
\"Outofit？\"saysherHungarianMajesty（whomwewithregret，forbrevity’ssake，translatefromOfficialintovulgate）:\"HisMostChristianMajestywishestobeoutofit:——Doesnothe，the（whatshallIcallhim）CrownedHousebreakertakeninthefact？Youshallgetoutofit，pleaseHeaven，whenyouhavemadecompensationforthedamagedone；andtillthennot，ifitpleaseHeaven！\"Andinthisstrain（lengthilyOfficial，thoughindignanttoadegree）
enumeratesthewantonunspeakablemischiefsandoutrageswhichAustria，akindofsacredentityguaranteedbyLawofNatureandElevenSignaturesofPotentates，hassufferedfromtheMostChristianMajesty，——andwillhavecompensationfor，Heavennowpointingtheway！[INEXTENSOinAdelung，iii。B，201etseqq。]
AmostportentousDocument；fullofsombreemphasis，insonoroussnufflingtoneofvoice；enunciating，withinflexiblepurpose，anumberofunexpectedthings:veryportentoustohisPrussianMajestyamongothers。Formsaturning—pointorcrisisbothintheFrenchWar，andinhisPrussianMajesty’sHistory；andoughttobeparticularlynotedanddatedbythecarefulreader。ItisherethatwefirstpubliclyheartellofCompensation，thenecessityAustriawillhaveofCompensation，——AustriadoesnotsayexpresslyforSilesia，butshesaysandmeansforlossofterritory，andforallotherlosseswhatsoever:\"Compensationforthepast，andsecurityforthefuture；thatismyfullintention，\"snufflesshe，inthatslowmetallictoneofhers，irrevocableexceptbythegods。
\"Compensationforthepast，Securityforthefuture:\"Compensation？
whatdoesherHungarianMajestymean？askedalltheworld；
askedFriedrich，thenowProprietorofSilesia，withpeculiarcuriosity！ItisthefirsttimeherHungarianMajestystepsarticulatelyforwardwithsuchextraordinaryClaimofDamages，asifshealonehadsuffereddamage；——butitisafixedpointatVienna，andisanagitatingtopictomankindinthecomingmonthsandyears。LorraineandtheThreeBishoprics；therewouldbeafinecompensation。Thenagain，whatsayyoutoBavaria，inlieuoftheSilesialost？YouhaveBavariabythethroat；keepBavaria，you。
Give\"Kur—Baiern，Kaiserastheycallhim，\"somethingintheNetherlandstoliveupon？WillbebetteroutofGermanyaltogether，withhisFrenchleanings。Or，givehimtheKingdomofNaples，——ifoncewehadconquereditagain？Thesewereactualschemes，successive，simultaneous，muchoccupyingCarteretandthehighHeadsatViennanowandafterwards；whichcamealltonothing；
butshouldwereitnotimpossible，beheldinsomeremembrancebyreaders。
Anotherstillmoreunexpectedpointcomesouthere，inthissingularDocument，publiclyforthefirsttime:Austria’sfeelingsinregardtotheImperialElectionitself。Namely，ThatAustria，considers，andhasallalongconsidered，thesaidElectiontobefatallyvitiatedbythatExclusionoftheBohemianVote；tobeinfactnullifiedthereby；andthat，toherclearview，thepresentso—calledKaiserisanimaginaryquantity，andamereKaiserofFrenchshredsandpatches！\"DERSEYN—SOLLENDEKAISER，\"snufflesAustriainonepassage，\"YourKaiserasyoucallhim；\"andinanotherpassage，insteadof\"Kaiser，\"putsflatly\"Kur—Baiern。\"
ThisisamostextraordinarydoctrinetoanElectoralRomishReich！
IstheHolyRomishReichtoDECLAREitselfan\"EnchantedWiggery，\"
then，anddosuicide，forbehoofofAustria？——
\"August16th，thisextraordinaryDocumentwasdeliveredtotheChanceryofMainz；andSeptember23d，itwas，contrarytoexpectation，broughttoDICTATURbysaidChancery，\"——ofwhichlatterphrase，andphenomenon，hereistheexplanationtoEnglishreaders。
HadthelateKur—Mainz（generalArch—Chairman，SpeakeroftheDiet）
beenstillinofficeandexistence，certainlysoshockingaDocumenthadneverbeenallowed\"tocometoDICTATUR，\"——tobedictatedtotheReich’sClerks；tohaveafirstreading，asweshouldcallit；oreventolieonthetable，withatheoreticchancethatway。ButAustria，thankstoourlittleGeorgeandhisPragmaticArmament，hadgotanewKur—Mainz；——bywhom，inopencontemptofimpartiality，andinopenleaningforAustriawithallhisweight，itwasdulyforwardedtoDictature；broughtbeforeanastonishedDiet（REICHSTAG），andendlesslyarguedofinReichstagandReich，——withsmallbenefittoAustria，orthenewKur—Mainz。
WisekindnesstoAustriahadbeensuppressionofthisPiece，notbringingofittoDictatureatall:butthenewKur—Mainz，calledupon，andconsciousoffacesufficient，hadnotscrupled。
\"Shameonyou，partialArch—Chancellor！\"exclaimsalltheworld。——
\"RevokesuchshamefullypartialDictature？\"thiswasthenextquestionbroughtbeforetheReich。Inwhich，Kur—Hanover（BritannicGeorge）wastheoneElectorthatopined，No。Majorityconclusive；
though，asusual，nosettle—mentattainable。Thisisthefamous\"DICTATUR—SACHE（DictatureQuestion），\"whichragesonus，foraboutelevenmonthstocome，inthosedistractedoldBooks；andseemsasifitwouldneverend。Noristhereanysayingwhenitwouldhaveended；——hadnot，inAugust，1744，somethingelseended，theKingofPrussia’spatience，namely；whichenabledittoend，ontheKaiser’sthenorder！[Adelung，iii。B，201，iv。198，&c。]
Itmustbeowned，ingeneral，theconductofMariaTheresatotheReich，eversincetheReichhadventuredtorejectherHusbandasKaiser，andpreferanother，wasallalongofahighnature；tillnowithasgrownintoabsolutecontumacy，andatreatingoftheReich’selectedKaiserasamerelychimericalpersonage。NolawoftheReichhadbeenviolatedagainstherHungarianMajestyorHusband:\"Whatlaw？\"askedalljudges。VicariusKur—Sachsensat，incommittee，hatchingformanymonthsthatQuestionoftheKur—BohmenVote；andbytheprescribedmethods，broughtitoutinthenegative，——everyformalityandregularityobserved，andnobodybutyourAustrianDeputyprotestinguponit，whenrequestedtogohome。
But，thehighMariahadanotionthattheReichbelongedtoheraugustFamilyandher；andthatallElectionstothecontrarywereaninconclusivething，fundamentallyvoideveryoneofthem。
Thustoo，longbeforethis，inregardtotheREICHS—ARCHIV
Question。TheArchivesandindispensablestOfficialRecordsandPapersoftheReich，——thesehadlainsolongatVienna，thehighMariacouldnotthinkofgivingthemup。\"SodifficulttoextricatewhatPapersareAustrianspecially，fromwhatareAustrian—
Imperial；——musthavetime！\"answeredshealways。AndneithertheKaiser’smoreandmorepressingdemands，northoseofthelateKur—Mainz，backedbytheReich，andreiteratedmonthaftermonthandyearafteryear，couldavailinthematter。Mereangrycorrespondences，growingeverangrier；——theArchivesoftheReichlayirrecoverableatVienna，detainedonthispretextandonthat:
norweretheyevergivenup；butlaytheretilltheReichitselfhadended，muchmoretheKaiserKarlVII。！Thesearehighprocedures。
AsiftheReichhadbeenone’sownchattel；asifaNon—AustrianKaisermereimpossible，andtheReichanditslawshad，evenOfficially，becomephantasmal！That，infact，wasMariaTheresa’sinarticulateinbornnotion；andgradually，ashersuccessesonthefieldrosehigher，itbecameevermorearticulate:tillthisof\"theSEYN—SOLLENDEKaiser\"putacrownonit。Justifiable，iftheReichwithitsLawswereachattel，orrebelliousvassal，ofAustria；notjustifiableotherwise。\"Hearye？\"answeredalmostalltheReich（eightKurfursts，withtheoneexceptionofKur—Hanover:
asweobserved）:\"OursolemnlyelectedKaiser，KarlVII。，isathingofquirksandquiddities，ofFrenchshredsandpatches；
atpresent，itseems，theReichhasnoKaiseratall；andwillgoeverdeeperintoanarchiesandunnamabilities，tillitproceedanewtogetone，——oftherightAustriantype！\"——TheReichisatalkingentity:KingFriedrichisboundrathertosilence，solongaspossible。Histhoughtsonthesemattersarenotgiven；butsureenoughtheywerecontinual，toointensetheycouldhardlybe。
\"Compensation；\"\"TheReichasgoodasmine:\"Whitherisallthistending？WalraveandthoseSilesianFortifyings，——letWalravemindhiswork，andgetitperfected！
BRITANNICMAJESTYGOESHOME。
The\"CombinedInvasionofElsass\"——letussaybriefly，oversteppingtheorderofdate，andstillforamomentleavingFriedrich——cametonothing，thisyear。PrinceKarlwas70，000；BritannicGeorge（whenoncethoseDutch，crawlingonallsummer，hadactuallycomeup）was66，000，——nay70，000；Karlhavinglenthimthatbeautifulcannibalgentleman，\"ColonelMentzeland4，000Tolpatches，\"bywayofedge—trimming。KarlwastocrossinUpperElsass，intheStrasburgparts；Karlonceacross，BritannicMajestywastocrossaboutMainz，andco—operatefromLowerElsass。Andtheyshouldhavebeenswiftaboutit；andwerenot！AlltheworldexpectedasevereslashtoFrance；andFranceitselfhadthedueapprehensionofit:
butFranceandalltheworldweremistaken，thistime。
PrinceKarlwasslowwithhispreparations；NoaillesandCoigny（Broglio’ssuccessor）werenotslow；\"raisingbatterieseverywhere，\"raisinglines，\"10，000ElsassPeasants，\"andwhatnot；
——sothat，bythetimePrinceKarlwasready（middleofAugust），theylayintrenchedandminatoryatallpassablepoints；andKarlcouldnowhere，inthatUpper—RhineCountry，byanymethod，getacross。Nothinggotacross；exceptonceortwiceforperhapsaday，ButcherTrenckandhisloosekennelofPandours；whowentabout，plunderingandrioting，withloudrodomontade，totheadmirationoftheGazetteers，ifofnooneelse。
NorwasGeorge’ssecondingofimportantnature；mostdubitative，whollypassive，youwouldrathersay，thoughtheRiver，inhisquarter，layundefended。Hedid，atlast，crosstheRhineaboutMainz；wentlanguidlytoWorms，——didanever—memorableTREATYOF
WORMSthere，ifnofightingthereorelsewhere。WenttoSpeyer，wheretheDutchjoinedhim（sadlyshortofnumbersstipulated，haditbeentheleastmatter）；——wasatGermersheim，atwhatotherplacesIforget；manoeuvringaboutinalanguidandasifinanaimlessmanner，atleastitwasinaperfectlyineffectualone。