Methods of Ethics

第3章

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第3章

Methods of Ethics Henry Sidgwick

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Methods of Ethics
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  Mydifficultywas,asIhavesaid,thatthisclaimofconscience,whetherutilitarianornot,hadtobeharmonisedwiththeclaimofRationalSelf-love;

  andthatIvaguelysupposedButlertoavoidoroverride[thelatterclaim]。

  Butreadinghimatthisstagewithmorecare,I

  foundinhim,withpleasureandsurprise,aviewverysimilartothatwhichhaddevelopeditselfinmyownmindinstrugglingtoassimilateMillandKant。Ifoundheexpresslyadmittedthat``interest,myownhappiness,isamanifestobligation’’,andthat``ReasonableSelf-love’’[is``oneofthetwochieforsuperiorprinciplesinthenatureofman’’]。Thatis,herecogniseda``DualismoftheGoverningFaculty’’——orasIprefertosay``DualismofthePracticalReason’’,sincethe`authority’onwhichButlerlaidstressmustpresentitselftomymindastheauthorityofreason,beforeIcanadmitit。

  Ofthismorepresently:whatInowwishtomakeclearisthatitwasonthisside——ifImaysosay——thatIenteredintoButler’ssystemandcameundertheinfluenceofhispowerfulandcautiousintellect。ButtheeffectofhisinfluencecarriedmeafurtherstepawayfromMill:forIwasledbyittoabandonthedoctrineofPsychologicalHedonism,andtorecognisetheexistenceof`disinterested’or`extra-regarding’

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