The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第39章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  Inthehourimmediatelybeforeus,Ishallinviteyoutoconsiderthesimplerkindsofreligioushappiness,leavingthemorecomplexsortstobetreatedonalaterday。

  Inmanypersons,happinessiscongenitalandirreclaimable。

  “Cosmicemotion“inevitablytakesinthemtheformofenthusiasmandfreedom。Ispeaknotonlyofthosewhoareanimallyhappy。

  Imeanthosewho,whenunhappinessisofferedorproposedtothem,positivelyrefusetofeelit,asifitweresomethingmeanandwrong。Wefindsuchpersonsineveryage,passionatelyflingingthemselvesupontheirsenseofthegoodnessoflife,inspiteofthehardshipsoftheirowncondition,andinspiteofthesinistertheologiesintowhichtheymayheborn。Fromtheoutsettheirreligionisoneofunionwiththedivine。Thehereticswhowentbeforethereformationarelavishlyaccusedbythechurchwritersofantinomianpractices,justasthefirstChristianswereaccusedofindulgenceinorgiesbytheRomans。

  Itisprobablethatthereneverhasbeenacenturyinwhichthedeliberaterefusaltothinkilloflifehasnotbeenidealizedbyasufficientnumberofpersonstoformsects,openorsecret,whoclaimedallnaturalthingstobepermitted。SaintAugustine’smaxim,Diligeetquodvisfac——ifyoubutlove[God],youmaydoasyouincline——ismorallyoneoftheprofoundestofobservations,yetitispregnant,forsuchpersons,withpassportsbeyondtheboundsofconventionalmorality。Accordingtotheircharacterstheyhavebeenrefinedorgross;buttheirbeliefhasbeenatalltimessystematicenoughtoconstituteadefinitereligiousattitude。Godwasforthemagiveroffreedom,andthestingofevilwasovercome。SaintFrancisandhisimmediatediscipleswere,onthewhole,ofthiscompanyofspirits,ofwhichthereareofcourseinfinitevarieties。

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