The Varieties of Religious Experience

第40章

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第40章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  R。M。Bucke:Cosmicconsciousness,pp。182-186,abridged。

  WaltWhitmanoweshisimportanceinliteraturetothesystematicexpulsionfromhiswritingsofallcontractileelements。Theonlysentimentsheallowedhimselftoexpresswereoftheexpansiveorder;andheexpressedtheseinthefirstperson,notasyourmeremonstrouslyconceitedindividualmightsoexpressthem,butvicariouslyforallmen,sothatapassionateandmysticontologicalemotionsuffuseshiswords,andendsbypersuadingthereaderthatmenandwomen,lifeanddeath,andallthingsaredivinelygood。

  Thusithascomeaboutthatmanypersonsto-dayregardWaltWhitmanastherestoreroftheeternalnaturalreligion。Hehasinfectedthemwithhisownloveofcomrades,withhisowngladnessthatheandtheyexist。Societiesareactuallyformedforhiscult;aperiodicalorganexistsforitspropagation,inwhichthelinesoforthodoxyandheterodoxyarealreadybeginningtobedrawn;[39]hymnsarewrittenbyothersinhispeculiarprosody;andheisevenexplicitlycomparedwiththefounderoftheChristianreligion,notaltogethertotheadvantageofthelatter。

  [39]IrefertoTheConservator,editedbyHoraceTraubel,andpublishedmonthlyatPhiladelphia。

  Whitmanisoftenspokenofasa“pagan。”Thewordnowadaysmeanssometimesthemerenaturalanimalmanwithoutasenseofsin;

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