CHAPTERI
AWordforLavengro。
LAVENGROisthehistoryuptoacertainperiodofoneofratherapeculiarmindandsystemofnerves，withanexteriorshyandcold，underwhichlurkmuchcuriosity，especiallywithregardtowhatiswildandextraordinary，aconsiderablequantityofenergyandindustry，andanunconquerableloveofindependence。Itnarrateshisearliestdreamsandfeelings，dwellswithminutenessontheways，words，andcharactersofhisfather，mother，andbrother，lingersontheoccasionalresting—placesofhiswanderinghalfmilitarychildhood，describesthegradualhardeningofhisbodilyframebyrobustexercises，hissuccessivestruggles，afterhisfamilyandhimselfhavesettleddowninasmalllocalcapital，toobtainknowledgeofeverykind，butmoreparticularlyphilologicallore；hisvisitstothetentoftheRomanychal，andtheparlouroftheAnglo—Germanphilosopher；theeffectproduceduponhischaracterbyhisflinginghimselfintocontactwithpeopleallwidelydifferingfromeachother，butallextraordinary；hisreluctancetosettledowntotheordinarypursuitsoflife；hisstrugglesaftermoraltruth；hisglimpsesofGodandtheobscurationoftheDivineBeing，tohismind’seye；andhisbeingcastupontheworldofLondonbythedeathofhisfather，attheageofnineteen。Intheworldwithinaworld，theworldofLondon，itshowshimplayinghispartforsometimeashebestcan，inthecapacityofawriterforreviewsandmagazines，anddescribeswhathesawandunderwentwhilstlabouringinthatcapacity；
itrepresentshim，however，asneverforgettingthatheisthesonofabravebutpoorgentleman，andthatifheisahackauthor，heislikewiseascholar。Itshowshimdoingnodishonourablejobs，andprovesthatifheoccasionallyassociateswithlowcharacters，hedoessochieflytogratifythecuriosityofascholar。Inhisconversationswiththeapple—womanofLondonBridge，thescholariseverapparent，soagaininhisacquaintancewiththemanofthetable，forthebookisnorakerupoftheuncleannessofLondon，andifitgiveswhatatfirstsightappearsrefuse，itinvariablyshowsthatapearlofsomekind，generallyaphilologicalone，iscontainedamongstit；itshowsitsheroalwaysaccompaniedbyhisloveofindependence，scorninginthegreatestpovertytoreceivefavoursfromanybody，anddescribeshimfinallyrescuinghimselffrompeculiarlymiserablecircumstancesbywritingabook，anoriginalbook，withinaweek，evenasJohnsonissaidtohavewrittenhis\"Rasselas，\"andBeckfordhis\"Vathek，\"andtellshow，leavingLondon，hebetakeshimselftotheroadsandfields。
Inthecountryitshowshimleadingalifeofrovingadventure，becomingtinker，gypsy，postillion，ostler；
associatingwithvariouskindsofpeople，chieflyofthelowerclasses，whosewaysandhabitsaredescribed；but，thoughleadingthiserraticlife，wegatherfromthebookthathishabitsareneithervulgarnorvicious，thathestillfollowstoacertainextenthisfavouritepursuits，huntingafterstrangecharacters，oranalysingstrangewordsandnames。Attheconclusionofthelastchapter，whichterminatesthefirstpartofthehistory，ithintsthatheisabouttoquithisnativelandonagrandphilologicalexpedition。
Thosewhoreadthisbookwithattention—andtheauthorbegstoobservethatitwouldbeoflittleutilitytoreadithurriedly—mayderivemuchinformationwithrespecttomattersofphilologyandliterature；itwillbefoundtreatingofmostoftheprincipallanguagesfromIrelandtoChina，andoftheliteraturewhichtheycontain；anditisparticularlyminutewithregardtotheways，manners，andspeechoftheEnglishsectionofthemostextraordinaryandmysteriousclanortribeofpeopletobefoundinthewholeworld—thechildrenofRoma。Butitcontainsmattersofmuchmoreimportancethananythinginconnectionwithphilology，andtheliteratureandmannersofnations。
PerhapsnoworkwaseverofferedtothepublicinwhichthekindnessandprovidenceofGodhavebeensetforthbymorestrikingexamples，orthemachinationsofpriestcraftbeenmoretrulyandlucidlyexposed，orthedangerswhichresulttoanationwhenitabandonsitselftoeffeminacy，andarageforwhatisnovelandfashionable，thanthepresent。
WithrespecttothekindnessandprovidenceofGod，aretheynotexemplifiedinthecaseoftheoldapple—womanandherson？Thesearebeingsinmanypointsbad，butwithwarmaffections，who，afteranagonizingseparation，arerestoredtoeachother，butnotuntiltheheartsofbotharechangedandpurifiedbytheinfluenceofaffliction。Aretheynotexemplifiedinthecaseoftherichgentleman，whotouchesobjectsinordertoaverttheevilchance？Thisbeinghasgreatgiftsandmanyamiablequalifies，butdoesnoteverybodyseethathisbesettingsinisselfishness？Hefixeshismindoncertainobjects，andtakesinordinateinterestinthem，becausetheyarehisown，andthoseveryobjects，throughtheprovidenceofGod，whichiskindnessindisguise，becomesnakesandscorpionstowhiphim。Tiredofvariouspursuits，heatlastbecomesanauthor，andpublishesabook，whichisverymuchadmired，andwhichheloveswithhisusualinordinateaffection；thebook，consequently，becomesavipertohim，andatlastheflingsitasideandbeginsanother；thebook，however，isnotflungasidebytheworld，whoarebenefitedbyit，derivingpleasureandknowledgefromit：sothemanwhomerelywrotetogratifyself，hasalreadydonegoodtoothers，andgothimselfanhonourablename。ButGodwillnotallowthatmantoputthatbookunderhisheadanduseitasapillow：thebookhasbecomeavipertohim，hehasbanishedit，andisaboutanother，whichhefinishesandgivestotheworld；itisabetterbookthanthefirst，andeveryoneisdelightedwithit；butitprovestothewriterascorpion，becausehelovesitwithinordinateaffection；butitwasgoodfortheworldthatheproducedthisbook，whichstunghimasascorpion。
Yes；andgoodforhimself，forthelabourofwritingitamusedhim，andperhapspreventedhimfromdyingofapoplexy；
butthebookisbanished，andanotherisbegun，andherein，again，istheprovidenceofGodmanifested；themanhasthepowerofproducingstill，andGoddeterminesthatheshallgivetotheworldwhatremainsinhisbrain，whichhewouldnotdo，hadhebeensatisfiedwiththesecondwork；hewouldhavegonetosleepuponthatashewoulduponthefirst，forthemanisselfishandlazy。Inhisaccountofwhathesufferedduringthecompositionofthiswork，hisbesettingsinofselfishnessismanifestenough；theworkonwhichheisengagedoccupieshiseverythought，itishisidol，hisdeity，itshallbeallhisown，hewon’tborrowathoughtfromanyoneelse，andheissoafraidlest，whenhepublishesit，thatitshouldbethoughtthathehadborrowedfromanyone，thatheiscontinuallytouchingobjects，hisnervoussystem，owingtohisextremeselfishness，havingbecomepartlyderanged。Heislefttouching，inordertobanishtheevilchancefromhisbook，hisdeity。Nomoreofhishistoryisgiven；butdoesthereaderthinkthatGodwillpermitthatmantogotosleeponhisthirdbook，howeverextraordinaryitmaybe？Assuredlynot。Godwillnotpermitthatmantoresttillhehascuredhimtoacertainextentofhisselfishness，whichhas，however，hithertobeenveryusefultotheworld。
Then，again，inthetaleofPeterWilliams，isnotthehandofProvidencetobeseen？Thispersoncommitsasininhischildhood，utterswordsofblasphemy，theremembranceofwhich，inafterlife，preyinguponhisimagination，unfitshimforquietpursuits，towhichheseemstohavebeennaturallyinclined；butfortheremembranceofthatsin，hewouldhavebeenPeterWilliamsthequietandrespectableWelshfarmer，somewhatfondofreadingtheancientliteratureofhiscountryinwinterevenings，afterhisworkwasdone。
God，however，wasawarethattherewassomethinginPeterWilliamstoentitlehimtoassumeahighercalling；hethereforepermitsthissin，which，thoughachildishaffair，wasyetasin，andcommitteddeliberately，topreyuponhismindtillhebecomesatlastaninstrumentinthehandofGod，ahumblePaul，thegreatpreacher，PeterWilliams，who，thoughheconsidershimselfareprobateandacastaway，insteadofhavingrecoursetodrinkinginmaddesperation，asmanydowhoconsiderthemselvesreprobates，goesaboutWalesandEnglandpreachingthewordofGod，dilatingonhispowerandmajesty，andvisitingthesickandafflicted，untilGodseesfittorestoretohimhispeaceofmind；whichhedoesnotdo，however，untilthatmindisinaproperconditiontoreceivepeace，tillithasbeenpurifiedbythepainoftheoneideawhichhassolongbeenpermittedtoriotinhisbrain；whichpain，however，anangel，intheshapeofagentlefaithfulwife，hadoccasionallyalleviated；forGodismercifulevenintheblowswhichHebestoweth，andwillnotpermitanyonetobetemptedbeyondthemeasurewhichhecansupport。AndhereitwillbeaswellforthereadertoponderuponthemeansbywhichtheWelshpreacherisrelievedfromhismentalmisery：heisnotrelievedbyatextfromtheBible，bythewordsofconsolationandwisdomaddressedtohimbyhisangel—mindedwife，norbythepreachingofoneyetmoreeloquentthanhimself；butbyaquotationmadebyLavengrofromthelifeofMaryFlanders，cut—purseandprostitute，whichlifeLavengrohadbeeninthehabitofreadingatthestallofhisoldfriendtheapple—woman，onLondonBridge，whohadherselfbeenverymuchaddictedtotheperusalofit，thoughwithoutanyprofitwhatever。ShouldthereaderbedissatisfiedwiththemannerinwhichPeterWilliamsismadetofindrelief，theauthorwouldwishtoanswer，thattheAlmightyfrequentlyaccomplisheshispurposesbymeanswhichappearverysingulartotheeyesofmen，andatthesametimetoobservethatthemannerinwhichthatreliefisobtained，iscalculatedtoreadalessontotheproud，fanciful，andsqueamish，whoareeverinafidgetlesttheyshouldbethoughttomixwithlowsociety，ortobestowamoment’sattentiononpublicationswhicharenotwhatiscalledofaperfectlyunobjectionablecharacter。HadnotLavengroformedtheacquaintanceoftheapple—womanonLondonBridge，hewouldnothavehadanopportunityofreadingthelifeofMaryFlanders；and，consequently，ofstoringinamemory，whichneverforgetsanything，apassagewhichcontainedabalmfortheagonizedmindofpoorPeterWilliams。Thebestmedicinesarenotalwaysfoundinthefinestshops。Suppose，forexample，if，insteadofgoingtoLondonBridgetoread，hehadgonetoAlbemarleStreet，andhadreceivedfromtheproprietorsoftheliteraryestablishmentinthatveryfashionablestreet，permissiontoreadthepublicationsonthetablesofthesaloonsthere，doesthereaderthinkhewouldhavemetanybalminthosepublicationsforthecaseofPeterWilliams？doesthereadersupposethathewouldhavefoundMaryFlandersthere？Hewouldcertainlyhavefoundthathighlyunobjectionablepublication，\"Rasselas，\"andthe\"Spectator，\"or\"LivesofRoyalandIllustriousPersonages，\"but，ofasurety，noMaryFlanders；sowhenLavengrometwithPeterWilliams，hewouldhavebeenunprovidedwithabalmtocurehisulceratedmind，andhavepartedfromhiminawaynotquitesosatisfactoryasthemannerinwhichhetookhisleaveofhim；foritiscertainthathemighthaveread\"Rasselas，\"andallotherunexceptionableworkstobefoundinthelibraryofAlbemarleStreet，overandoveragain，beforehewouldhavefoundanycureinthemforthecaseofPeterWilliams。ThereforetheauthorrequeststhereadertodropanysqueamishnonsensehemaywishtoutteraboutMaryFlanders，andthemannerinwhichPeterWilliamswascured。
AndnowwithrespecttotheoldmanwhoknewChinese，butcouldnottellwhatwaso’clock。Thisindividualwasamanwhosenaturalpowerswouldhavebeenutterlyburiedandlostbeneathamountainofslothandlaziness，hadnotGoddeterminedotherwise。Hehadinhisearlyyearschalkedoutforhimselfaplanoflifeinwhichhehadhisowneaseandself—indulgencesolelyinview；hehadnoparticularbadpassionstogratify，heonlywishedtoliveahappyquietlife，justasifthebusinessofthismightyworldcouldbecarriedonbyinnocentpeoplefondofeaseorquiet，orthatProvidencewouldpermitinnocentquietdronestooccupyanyportionoftheearthandtocumberit。Godhadatanyratedecreedthatthismanshouldnotcumberitasadrone。Hebringsacertainafflictionuponhim，theagonyofwhichproducesthatterriblewhirlingofthebrainwhich，unlessitisstoppedintime，producesmadness；hesuffersindescribablemiseryforaperiod，untilonemorninghisattentionisarrested，andhiscuriosityisaroused，bycertainChineselettersonateapot；hiscuriosityincreasesmoreandmore，and，ofcourse，inproportionashiscuriosityisincreasedwithrespecttotheChinesemarks，themiseryinhisbrain，producedbyhismentalaffliction，decreases。HesetsaboutlearningChinese，andafterthelapseofmanyyears，duringwhichhismindsubsidesintoacertainstateoftranquillity，heacquiressufficientknowledgeofChinesetobeabletotranslatewitheasetheinscriptionstobefoundonitssingularcrockery。Yes，thelaziestofhumanbeings，throughtheProvidenceofGod，abeingtooofratherinferiorcapacity，acquiresthewrittenpartofalanguagesodifficultthat，asLavengrosaidonaformeroccasion，nonebutthecleverestpeopleinEurope，theFrench，areabletoacquireit。ButGoddidnotintendthatmanshouldmerelyacquireChinese。Heintendedthatheshouldbeofusetohisspecies，andbytheinstrumentalityofthefirstChineseinscriptionwhichhetranslates，theonewhichfirstarrestedhiscuriosity，heistaughtthedutyofhospitality；yes，bymeansofaninscriptioninthelanguageofapeople，whohavescarcelyanideaofhospitalitythemselves，Godcausestheslothfulmantoplayausefulandbeneficentpartintheworld，relievingdistressedwanderers，and，amongstothers，Lavengrohimself。Butastrikingindicationoftheman’ssurprisingslothisstillapparentinwhatheomitstodo；hehaslearntChinese，themostdifficultoflanguages，andhepractisesactsofhospitality，becausehebelieveshimselfenjoinedtodosobytheChineseinscription，buthecannottellthehourofthedaybytheclockwithinhishouse；hecangeton，hethinks，verywellwithoutbeingabletodoso；
thereforefromthisoneomission，itiseasytocometoaconclusionastowhatasluggard’spartthemanwouldhaveplayedinlife，butforthedispensationofProvidence；
nothingbutextremeagonycouldhaveinducedsuchamantodoanythinguseful。Hestillcontinues，withallhehasacquired，withallhisusefulness，andwithallhisinnocenceofcharacter，withoutanypropersenseofreligion，thoughhehasattainedaratheradvancedage。Ifitbeobserved，thatthiswantofreligionisagreatdefectinthestory，theauthorbegsleavetoobservethathecannothelpit。
Lavengrorelatesthelivesofpeoplesofarastheywereplacedbeforehim，butnofurther。Itwascertainlyagreatdefectinsogoodamantobewithoutreligion；itwaslikewiseagreatdefectinsolearnedamannottobeabletotellwhatwaso’clock。ItisprobablethatGod，inhislovingkindness，willnotpermitthatmantogooutoftheworldwithoutreligion；whoknowsbutsomepowerfulministerofthechurchfullofzealforthegloryofGod，willillumethatman’sdarkmind；perhapssomeclergymanwillcometotheparishwhowillvisithimandteachhimhisdutytohisGod。
Yes，itisveryprobablethatsuchaman，beforehedies，willhavebeenmadetolovehisGod；whetherhewilleverlearntoknowwhat’so’clockisanothermatter。Itisprobablethathewillgooutoftheworldwithoutknowingwhat’so’clock。Itisnotsonecessarytobeabletotellthetimeofdaybytheclockastoknowone’sGodthroughHisinspiredword；amancannotgettoheavenwithoutreligion，butamancangetthereverycomfortablywithoutknowingwhat’so’clock。
But，aboveall，thecareandprovidenceofGodaremanifestedinthecaseofLavengrohimself，bythemannerinwhichheisenabledtomakehiswayintheworlduptoacertainperiod，withoutfallingapreyeithertoviceorpoverty。Inhishistory，thereisawonderfulillustrationofpartofthetext，quotedbyhismother，\"Ihavebeenyoung，butnowamold，yetneversawItherighteousforsaken，orhisseedbegginghisbread。\"Heisthesonofgoodandhonourableparents，butatthecriticalperiodoflife，thatofenteringintotheworld，hefindshimselfwithoutanyearthlyfriendtohelphim，yethemanagestomakehisway；hedoesnotbecomeaCaptainintheLifeGuards，itistrue，nordoeshegetintoParliament，nordoesthelastvolumeconcludeinthemostsatisfactoryandunobjectionablemanner，byhismarryingadowagercountess，asthatwisemanAddisondid，orbyhissettlingdownasagreatcountrygentleman，perfectlyhappyandcontented，liketheverymoralRoderickRandom，ortheequallyestimablePeregrinePickle；heishackauthor，gypsy，tinker，andpostillion，yet，uponthewhole，heseemstobequiteashappyastheyoungersonsofmostearls，tohaveashighfeelingsofhonour；andwhenthereaderlosessightofhim，hehasmoneyinhispockethonestlyacquired，toenablehimtocommenceajourneyquiteaslaudableasthosewhichtheyoungersonsofearlsgenerallyundertake。SurelyallthisisamanifestationofthekindnessandprovidenceofGod：andyetheisnotareligiousperson；uptothetimewhenthereaderlosessightofhim，heisdecidedlynotareligiousperson；hehasglimpses，itistrue，ofthatGodwhodoesnotforsakehim，buthepraysveryseldom，isnotfondofgoingtochurch；and，thoughheadmiresTateandBrady’sversionofthePsalms，hisadmirationisrathercausedbythebeautifulpoetrywhichthatversioncontainsthanthereligion；yethistaleisnotfinished—likethetaleofthegentlemanwhotouchedobjects，andthatoftheoldmanwhoknewChinesewithoutknowingwhatwaso’clock；
perhaps，likethem，heisdestinedtobecomereligious，andtohave，insteadofoccasionalglimpses，frequentanddistinctviewsofhisGod；yet，thoughhemaybecomereligious，itishardlytobeexpectedthathewillbecomeaverypreciseandstraightlacedperson；itisprobablethathewillretain，withhisscholarship，somethingofhisgypsyism，hispredilectionforthehammerandtongs，andperhapssomeinclinationtoputoncertaingloves，notwhitekid，withanyfriendwhomaybeinclinedforalittleoldEnglishdiversion，andareadinesstotakeaglassofale，withplentyofmaltinit，andaslittlehopasmaywellbe—aleatleasttwoyearsold—withtheaforesaidfriend，whenthediversionisover；for，asitisthebeliefofthewriterthatapersonmaygettoheavenverycomfortablywithoutknowingwhat’so’clock，soitishisbeliefthathewillnotberefusedadmissionthere，becausetothelasthehasbeenfondofhealthyandinvigoratingexercises，andfeltawillingnesstopartakeofanyofthegoodthingswhichitpleasestheAlmightytoputwithinthereachofhischildrenduringtheirsojournuponearth。
CHAPTERII
OnPriestcraft。
THEwriterwillnowsayafewwordsaboutpriestcraft，andthemachinationsofRome，andwillafterwardssaysomethingabouthimself，andhismotivesforwritingagainstthem。
WithrespecttoRome，andhermachinations，muchvaluableinformationcanbeobtainedfromparticularpartsofLavengro，anditssequel。Shortlybeforethetimewhentheheroofthebookislaunchedintotheworld，thePopishagitationinEnglandhadcommenced。ThePopishpropagandahaddeterminedtomakeagrandattemptonEngland；Popishpriestswerescatteredovertheland，doingthebesttheycouldtomakeconvertstotheoldsuperstition。WiththeplansofRome，andherhopes，andthereasonsonwhichthosehopesaregrounded，theheroofthebookbecomesacquainted，duringanexpeditionwhichhemakesintothecountry，fromcertainconversationswhichheholdswithapriestinadingle，inwhichtheherohadtakenuphisresidence；helikewiselearnsfromthesamepersonmuchofthesecrethistoryoftheRomanSee，andmanymattersconnectedwiththeoriginandprogressofthePopishsuperstition。Theindividualwithwhomheholdstheseconversationsisalearned，intelligent，buthighly—unprincipledperson，ofacharacterhoweververycommonamongstthepriestsofRome，whoingeneralarepeoplevoidofallreligion，andwho，notwithstandingtheyaretiedtoRomebyabandwhichtheyhaveneitherthepowernorwishtobreak，turnherandherpractices，overtheircupswiththeirconfidentialassociates，toaridiculeonlyexceededbythattowhichtheyturnthosewhobecomethedupesoftheirmistressandthemselves。
Itisnownecessarythatthewritershouldsaysomethingwithrespecttohimself，andhismotivesforwagingwaragainstRome。Firstofall，withrespecttohimself，hewishestostate，thattotheverylastmomentofhislife，hewilldoandsayallthatinhispowermaybetoholduptocontemptandexecrationthepriestcraftandpracticesofRome；thereis，perhaps，nopersonbetteracquaintedthanhimself，notevenamongthechoicestspiritsofthepriesthood，withtheoriginandhistoryofPopery。FromwhathesawandheardofPoperyinEngland，ataveryearlyperiodofhislife，hiscuriositywasaroused，andhesparedhimselfnotrouble，eitherbytravelorstudy，tomakehimselfwellacquaintedwithitinallitsphases，theresultbeingahatredofit，whichhehopesandtrustsheshallretaintillthemomentwhenhisspiritquitsthebody。Poperyisthegreatlieoftheworld；asourcefromwhichmoremiseryandsocialdegradationhavefloweduponthehumanrace，thanfromalltheothersourcesfromwhichthoseevilscome。Itistheoldestofallsuperstitions；andthoughinEuropeitassumesthenameofChristianity，itexistedandflourishedamidsttheHimalayanhillsatleasttwothousandyearsbeforetherealChristwasborninBethlehemofJudea；inaword，itisBuddhism；andletthosewhomaybedisposedtodoubtthisassertion，comparethePoperyofRome，andthesuperstitiouspracticesofitsfollowers，withthedoingsofthepriestswhosurroundthegrandLama；andthemouthings，bellowing，turningsround，and，aboveall，thepenancesofthefollowersofBuddhwiththoseofRomandevotees。Butheisnotgoingtodwellhereonthispoint；itisdweltuponattolerablelengthinthetext，andhaslikewisebeenhandledwithextraordinarypowerbythepenofthegiftedbutirreligiousVolney；moreover，theELITEoftheRomanpriesthoodareperfectlywellawarethattheirsystemisnothingbutBuddhismunderaslightdisguise，andtheEuropeanworldingeneralhasentertainedforsometimepastaninklingofthefact。
AndnowafewwordswithrespecttothemotivesofthewriterforexpressingahatredforRome。
ThisexpressedabhorrenceoftheauthorforRomemightbeentitledtolittleregard，provideditwerepossibletoattributeittoanyself—interestedmotive。TherehavebeenprofessedenemiesofRome，orofthisorthatsystem；buttheirprofessedenmitymayfrequentlybetracedtosomecausewhichdoesthemlittlecredit；butthewriteroftheselineshasnomotive，andcanhavenomotive，forhisenmitytoRome，savetheabhorrenceofanhonestheartforwhatisfalse，base，andcruel。AcertainclergymanwrotewithmuchheatagainstthePapistsinthetimeof—whowasknowntofavourthePapists，butwasnotexpectedtocontinuelonginoffice，andwhosesupposedsuccessor，theperson，indeed，whodidsucceedhim，wasthoughttobehostiletothePapists。
Thisdivine，whoobtainedarichbeneficefromthesuccessorof—whoduring—’stimehadalwaysopposedhimineverythingheproposedtodo，andwho，ofcourse，duringthattimeaffectedtobeveryinimicaltoPopery—thisdivinemightwellbesuspectedofhavingamotiveequallycreditableforwritingagainstthePapists，asthatwhichinducedhimtowriteforthem，assoonashispatron，whoeventuallydidsomethingmoreforhim，hadespousedtheircause；butwhatmotive，saveanhonestone，canthepresentwriterhave，forexpressinganabhorrenceofPopery？Heisnoclergyman，andconsequentlycanexpectneitherbeneficesnorbishoprics，supposingitwerethefashionofthepresent，orlikelytobethefashionofanyfutureadministration，torewardclergymenwithbeneficesorbishoprics，who，inthedefenceofthereligionoftheircountrywrite，orshallwrite，againstPopery，andnottorewardthosewhowrite，orshallwrite，infavourofit，andallitsnonsenseandabominations。
\"Butifnotaclergyman，heistheservantofacertainsociety，whichhastheoverthrowofPoperyinview，andtherefore，\"etc。Thisassertion，whichhasbeenfrequentlymade，isincorrect，evenasthosewhohavemadeitprobablyknewittobe。Heistheservantofnosocietywhatever。Heeatshisownbread，andisoneoftheveryfewmeninEnglandwhoareindependentineverysenseoftheword。
ItistruehewenttoSpainwiththecoloursofthatsocietyonhishat—oh！thebloodglowsinhisveins！oh！themarrowawakesinhisoldboneswhenhethinksofwhatheaccomplishedinSpaininthecauseofreligionandcivilizationwiththecoloursofthatsocietyinhishat，anditsweaponinhishand，eventheswordofthewordofGod；