2。”Nopersonshallstraybeyond2，000pacesoftheflag-stafforcampwithoutpermissioneitherfromthePachaorRaoufBey。
3。”Nopersonshalltradeinivory，neithershallanypersonacceptivoryasapresentorinexchange；neithershallanypersonshoot，orcausetobeshot，elephants：allivorybeingthepropertyandmonopolyofthegovernmentofHisHighnesstheKhediveofEgypt。
4。”Nopersonshalleitherpurchaseorreceiveslavesaspresentsorinexchange。”AnypersontransgressingbydisobedienceoftheabovelawswillbepunishedasthewillofBakerPachamaydirect。”S。W。BAKER。”
Mymenwerehardatworkerectingmagazinesandbuildingthestation，andhadInotissuedtheaboveregulations，theywouldhavecutdowneveryornamentaltreeintheneighbourhood。Althoughthemission-househaddisappeared，thefoundationsremained；Idugthemupandprocuredsufficientsoundbrickstobuildapowder-magazine，whichIcoveredwithagalvanizedironroofandprotectedmyammunition。
SeveraloftheEgyptiansoldiersdeserted。Thesepeople，whowereforthemostpartconvicts，althoughprofessingIslamismpreferredtolivewiththenatives，tothesteadydisciplineofmilitarylife。
Oneevening，thesentry，onguardbeforethehouseofLieutenantBakerandMr。Higginbotham，wasobservedbyMr。Baker’ssoldierservantablacktolayhisrifleonthegroundandtoenterstealthilythedoorwayofhishut。AbdullahMaseri，theservant，lostnotimeinrunningtowardsthehut，whichhequietlyenteredinthedusk，withoutbeingperceivedbythethiefwithin，whointheabsenceofMr。Bakerwaspillaginghisboxes。
Abdullahquietlycreptupbehindhim，pinnedhimbythebackoftheneck，andheldhimuntilheobtainedassistance。Therewasnoescapefromconviction，thereforeIsentencedthethieftoreceive100lashesandtobe，confinedinirons。
Whilehewasundergoingthepunishmentheyelledformercy，saying，”I
willconfess-Iwillconfessall。ItwasIwhoenteredthePacha’sroomatTewfikeeyah。ItwasatmethatthePachafiredthepistol！Putmeinirons，butdon’tflogme；Iwillconfessall。”
ThismanwasanEgyptianbelongingtothe”FortyThieves，”andhenowconfessedhisformerdelinquency。Hewassecuredinironsandplacedunderaguard。Thefellowhadbeenaprofessionalthief，andduringthenighthemanagedtoslipoffhisironsandmakehisescape，nodoubtwiththeconnivanceofthesentry。
Thefactofthenativesreceivingthedeserterswasenoughtosuggestthesuspicionthattheyweretamperingwiththetroops。AlthoughtheBariswouldneitherworknorassistinanymanner，theycontinued，inspiteofmywarning，toswimtheircattleacrosstothepasturageonthemainlandoccupiedbythetroops。
IagaingavethesheikAllorronnotice，thatifhecontinuedtodrivehiscattletotheforbiddenpasture，theywouldbeconfiscated。
Onthefollowingmorningtheyreturnedtothemainlandasusual，nottheslightestnoticehavingbeentakenofmyrepeatedandofficialwarning。
Igaveorderstosecurethem。Abouttenmenofthe”FortyThieves”
quietlyexplainedtheordertothenativeswhoguardedthecattle，andwithoutanyremonstrancetheydrovethemtomystation，andstoodguardaroundtheherd。
Thenativesreturnedtotheisland，andreportedtheaffairtothesheikAllorronandhispeople。
Earlyonthefollowingmorning，thesheik，accompaniedbyfifteenheadmenofvillagesandanumberofnatives，togetherwithTombytheinterpreter，attendedandformedadeputation。Ireceivedthembeneaththeshadytreenearmydiahbeeah。Theylookedverysheepish，andaskedme，”WhyhadIconfiscatedtheircattle?”
Iexplainedthereason：andtheyatlengthacknowledgedthattheyhadnopositiverightofpasturage，astheyhadbeendrivenfromtheircountrybytheLoquia，andwereitnotformypresencetheycouldnotventuretodrivetheircattletothemainland。Atthesametimetheyexplained，thattheextremedrynessoftheseasonhadexhaustedthegrassupontheislandaftertheclosegrazingofthelargeherds；thustheyhadimaginedIshouldnothaveanyrealobjectiontotheirpasturingupontheeastbanks，which，asIhadnocattle，wouldotherwisebeneglected。
Iexplainedthatthegovernmentmustbeobeyed，andthat，astheyhaddisobeyedeveryorder，Ishouldtakechargeoftheircattleabout200
untiltheyshowedadispositiontoaccepttheKhedive’sauthority。Atthesametime，ifthenativeswouldbringthatchgrassandassistthetroopsinformingthestationaworkwhichtheyhadalwaysperformedannuallyforAbouSaood’speople，Iwouldreturnthemtheircattle。
Alongconversationensuedamongtheheadmen，severalofwhomroseinsuccession，andaddressedthemeetingwithgreatenergyandfluency。
Theydeclaredthattherehadbeenageneralmisunderstanding，butthattheynowbegantocomprehendtheirposition。Iinformedthemthattheymustthemselvesappointaresponsiblesheikorheadman，asmanyhadrefusedtoobeyAllorron。Ishouldregardonechiefastheirrepresentative，andtheyasheadmenmustelecthimatthepresentassembly。Ishouldalsoplacethepowerinthehandsofthechief，whoseordersmustbeobeyedbytheheadmenofthevillages。Thischiefwouldberesponsibletomefortheactsofthosebeneathhim，andIshouldpunishallthosewhorefusedtoacknowledgehisauthority。
Themeetingendedmostsatisfactorily。Thenativesexplained，that，althoughAllorronhadbeentheostensiblesheikforagreatlengthoftime，thetruesheikbyactualdescentwasachiefnamedMorbe；butashiscattlehadbeencarriedoffbytheLoquia，hehadlosthisproperty，andalsohisinfluenceamongthepeople。Inthosesavagecountriesthepossessionofpropertyisconsideredabsolutelynecessarytoamaninahighposition。
Morbewaselectedunanimouslyasthesheikresponsibletothegovernment。Allheadmendeclaredtheywouldobeyhisorders；evenAllorronappearedpleasedthathehadshiftedhisresponsibilityupontheshouldersofanother。Theheadmenallpromisedthattheywouldbeattheirdrumsandsummontheirpeopleontheirreturntotheirvillages，andthatonthemorrowtheywouldcollectbamboosandthatch-grassforanypurposewemightrequire。Themeetingendedbytheiragreeingtodeliveracertainnumberofbundlesinagivenperiod：theyalsopromisedtosupplythetroopswithoxenatastipulatedprice。Morbe，thenewsheik，thenaddressedmeinthenameoftheassembly，andbeggedmetoestablishconfidenceandgoodwillbyreturningthemtheircattle。
Ihadexpectedthisrequest。Ithereforereplied，thatastheyhadattendedmysummonsandpromisedobedience，Iwouldtesttheirsinceritybyreturningthemnotonlytheirowncattle，butIwouldtrustthemwiththecareofmythreelargebreedingcowswhichIhadbroughtfromtheRohrcountry；atthesametime，Igavethemfairwarning，thatiftheybroketheagreementnowenteredupon，Ishouldnotbeinahurrytoreturntheircattleonafutureoccasion。Theyseemedtobe，quitesatisfied，andthemeetingbrokeup。
Theydroveofftheherd，togetherwithmythreecows，whilemysoldierslookedonwithutteramazementandregardedmeasthoughtIhadlostmysenses。
AlthoughIhadenteredintothisagreement，thenativeshadnottheslightestideaofcarryingouttheirpromises。Afewbundlesofbambooswerebrought，alsosomethatch-grass，butnotanoxwasgiventothetroops。ThesheikofBelinianhadrefusedtoappear；andheallegedasanexcusethathefearedtreachery，sincehisfatherandfamilyhadbeenmurderedwhenguestsofAbouSaood。TheBarisofGondokorohadregainedtheircattle，andtheydidnottroublethemselvesabouttheircontract，astheyinwardlyhopedthatbystarvingustheymightsucceedindisgustingthetroops，whichwouldnecessitatetheabandonmentoftheexpedition。
Afewdaysafterthebreachofcontract，Tomby，theinterpreter，appeared，andtoldmethattheBarishadrefusedtowork，andthatthegovernmentwouldnotsucceedinthatcountry。Thepeoplewishedmetojointhemwithmytroops，andtoattacktheiroldenemy，Loquia。I
shouldthenobtaincattleandsheepintherazzia，andthegovernmentwouldbeindependent。
ThiswastheregularnegrosystemwhichhadoriginallyintroducedtheslavetradethroughouttheWhiteNile。Onetribeinvariablyrequeststheallianceofasuperiorforcetoattacksomepowerfulneighbour：theprisonersofwarbecomeslaves。WhentradingadventurersfirstcommencedontheWhiteNile，thenativessoldivoryforbeadsandcopperbracelets；andtradewasfairlyestablished。Thearmedcompaniesofthetraderswereimmediatelyinvitedtobecomeallies，andattacksweremadeuponvarioustribes。Thecattleandslavesbecamethepropertyofthecaptors。Thetradersquicklydiscoveredthatitwasfareasierandmoreprofitabletostealcattleandslavestoexchangeforivory，thantoimportgoodsfromKhartoum。Theycommencedthesystemofcattle-liftingandslave-hunting，whichrapidlyincreaseduntilitarrivedattheimmensescalealreadydescribed。
IpreachedmoralityhopelesslytotheBaris；theyweremereruffians，andtheylongedforthearrivalofAbouSaood，whowouldoncemoregivethemanopportunityofjoininghispeopletoplunderandenslavethetribesoftheinterior。ItwasinvainthatIassuredthemoftheimpossibilityofsuchproceedings，andthatAbouSaood’speoplewouldnotbepermittedbythegovernmenttocontinuetheseatrocities。Theyridiculedtheidea，anddeclaredthatthetraderswouldalwayscontinueintheiroldcustoms，notwithstandingthepresenceoftheKhedive’sofficers。Theysaidthatnobusinesscouldbedoneinanyotherwayinthosecountries；theyadvisedmeto”takewomenandcattle，andthenthenativeswouldlistentomyadvice，butnototherwise。”
Itwasutterfollytoattemptnegotiationswiththesepeople；theywerethemostbrutalandobtusesavages。Theyhadbeenabandonedbythemissionariesashopeless，andtheywouldacknowledgenothingbutforce。
Thetroopswerediscontented。Afteralltheirfatigues，thepromisedlandwasstarvation。Therewasstillmuchworktobedone，astheexpeditionwasinfactonlycommencing。BydegreestheBarisabsentedthemselvesentirelyfromourcamp，andwewerelefttoourselvesasutterstrangers。Thecattleweredrivenovertoourfinepasturagedaily，andreturnedatnighttotheirisland；butnotanox，orevenagoat，waseverofferedforsale，andallcommunicationbetweenusandthenativeshadapparentlyceased。
Itwasquiteimpossibletoallowthistocontinue。Igavetheorder，andoncemorethesoldiersquietlysurroundedtheherdofcattle，anddrovethemtohead-quartersasbefore。Theoldscenewasre-enacted。Thenewsheik，Morbe，togetherwithAllorronandmanyheadmen，arrived。Againalongpalavertookplace，throughthemediumofTomby，theinterpreter，andthepromisesofgoodbehaviourwererenewed。
IinformedthemthatIshouldnotconfiscatetheircattle，butIshouldkeepthemashostagesfortheirgoodbehaviour；atthesametime，I
shouldselectacertainnumberofoxenasfoodforthetroops，whichshouldbepaidfor。
Themeetingterminatedwithfreshassurancesofgoodwill……Afewdayselapsed，buttheBarisdidnotreturn；wewerecompletelyabandoned。
OnJune29ththecampwasdisturbedatnightbyanattemptofthenativestodriveoffsomeofthecattle。Thesentryfired，butwithouteffect。Iforesawtrouble。
OnJune1stIissuedaGeneralOrdertothetroops——”ThenativesoftheBarihavingdisobeyedthesummonsofthegovernment，andhavingrefusedcompliancewiththeregulationsestablished，ithasbecomenecessarytocompelthemtoobediencebyforce。”Intheeventofhostilities，Ispeciallyforbidthecaptureofwomen，orchildrenofeithersex。Anyofficerorsoldierdisobeyingthisorderwillsufferdeath。”S。W。BAKER。”