Thisnoteshowstheerroroftheoften—repeatedassertion，thatheproposedenteringtheserviceoftheTurksagainstAustria.Hemakesnomentionofsuchathing;andthetwocountrieswerenotatwar.
——[TheScottishbiographermakesBonapartesaythatitwouldbestrangeifalittleCorsicanshouldbecomeKingofJerusalem.I
neverheardanythingdropfromhimwhichsupportstheprobabilityofsucharemark，andcertainlythereisnothinginhisnotetowarranttheinferenceofhishavingmadeit.——Bourrienne.]——
Noanswerwasreturnedtothisnote.Turkeyremainedunaided，andBonaparteunoccupied.Imustconfessthatforthefailureofthisproject，atleastIwasnotsorry.Ishouldhaveregrettedtoseeayoungmanofgreatpromise，andoneforwhomIcherishedasincerefriendship，devotehimselftosouncertainafate.Napoleonhaslessthananymanprovokedtheeventswhichhavefavouredhim;noonehasmoreyieldedtocircumstancesfromwhichhewassoskilfultoderiveadvantages.If，however，aclerkoftheWarOfficehadbutwrittenonthenote，\"Granted，\"thatlittlewordwouldprobablyhavechangedthefateofEurope.
BonaparteremainedinParis，formingschemesforthegratificationofhisambition，andhisdesireofmakingafigureintheworld;butobstaclesopposedallheattempted.
Womenarebetterjudgesofcharacterthanmen.MadamedeBourrienne，knowingtheintimacywhichsubsistedbetweenus，preservedsomenoteswhichshemadeuponBonaparte，andthecircumstanceswhichstruckherasmostremarkable，duringherearlyconnectionwithhim.MywifedidnotentertainsofavourableanopinionofhimasIdid;thewarmfriendshipI
cherishedforhimprobablyblindedmetohisfaults.IsubjoinMadamedeBourrienne’snotes，wordforword：
OnthedayafteroursecondreturnfromGermany，whichwasinMay1795，wematBonaparteinthePalaisRoyal，nearashopkeptbyamannamedGirardin.BonaparteembracedBourrienneasafriendwhomhelovedandwasgladtosee.WewentthateveningtotheTheatreFrancais.Theperformanceconsistedofatragedy;and’LeSourd，oul’Aubergepleine’.
Duringthelatterpiecetheaudiencewasconvulsedwithlaughter.ThepartofDasniereswasrepresentedbyBatistetheyounger，anditwasneverplayedbetter.Theburstsoflaughterweresoloudandfrequentthattheactorwasseveraltimesobligedtostopinthemidstofhispart.Bonapartealone（anditstruckmeasbeingveryextraordinary）wassilent，andcoldlyinsensibletothehumourwhichwassoirresistiblydivertingtoeveryoneelse.Iremarkedatthisperiodthathischaracterwasreserved，andfrequentlygloomy.Hissmilewashypocritical，andoftenmisplaced;andIrecollectthatafewdaysafterourreturnhegaveusoneofthesespecimensofsavagehilaritywhichIgreatlydisliked，andwhichprepossessedmeagainsthim.Hewastellingusthat，beingbeforeToulon，wherehecommandedtheartillery，oneofhisofficerswasvisitedbyhiswife，towhamhehadbeenbutashorttimemarried，andwhomhetenderlyloved.Afewdaysafter，ordersweregivenforanotherattackuponthetown，inwhichthisofficerwastobeengaged.HiswifecametoGeneralBonaparte，andwithtearsentreatedhimtodispensewithherhusband’sservicesthatday.TheGeneralwasinexorable，ashehimselftoldus，withasortofsavageexaltation.Themomentfortheattackarrived，andtheofficer，thoughaverybraveman，asBonapartehimself—assuredus，feltapresentimentofhisapproachingdeath.Heturnedpaleandtrembled.HawasstationedbesidetheGeneral，andduringanintervalwhenthefiringfromthetownwasveryheavy，Bonapartecalledouttohim，\"Takecare，thereisashellcoming！\"Theofficer，insteadofmovingtooneside，stoopeddown，andwasliterallyseveredintwo.Bonapartelaughedloudlywhilehedescribedtheeventwithhorribleminuteness.Atthistimewesawhimalmosteveryday.Hefrequentlycametodinewithus.Astherewasascarcityofbread，andsometimesonlytwoouncesperheaddailyweredistributedinthesection，itwascustomarytorequestone’sgueststobringtheirownbread，asitcouldnotbeprocuredformoney.BonaparteandhisbrotherLouis（amild，agreeableyoungman，whowastheGeneral’saidedearmy）usedtobringwiththemtheirrationbread，whichwasblack，andmixedwithbran.
Iwassorrytoobservethatallthisbadbreadfelltotheshareofthepooraidedecamp，forweprovidedtheGeneralwithafinerkind，whichwasmadeclandestinelybyapastrycook，fromflourwhichwecontrivedtosmugglefromSens，wheremyhusbandhadsomefarms.Hadwebeendenounced，theaffairmighthavecostusourheads.
WespentsixweeksinParis，andwewentfrequentlywithBonapartetothetheatres，andtothefineconcertsgivenbyGaratintheRueSt.Marc.
ThesewerethefirstbrilliantentertainmentsthattookplaceafterthedeathofRobespierre.TherewasalwayssomethingoriginalinBonaparte’sbehaviour，forheoftenslippedawayfromuswithoutsayingaword;andwhenweweresupposinghehadleftthetheatre，wewouldsuddenlydiscoverhiminthesecondorthirdtier，sittingaloneinabox，andlookingrathersulky.
BeforeourdepartureforSens，wheremyhusband’sfamilyreside，andwhichwasfixeduponfortheplaceofmyfirstaccouchement，welookedoutformoreagreeableapartmentsthanwehadintheRueGrenierSt.
Lazare，whichweonlyhadtemporarily.Bonaparteusedtoassistusinourresearches.Atlastwetookthefirstfloorofahandsomenewhouse，No.19RuedesMarais.Bonaparte，whowishedtostopinParis，wenttolookatahouseoppositetoours.Hahadthoughtsoftakingitforhimself，hisuncleFesch（afterwardsCardinalFesch），andagentlemannamedPatrauld，formerlyoneofhismastersattheMilitarySchool.Onedayhesaid，\"Withthathouseoverthere，myfriendsinit，andacabriolet，Ishallbethehappiestfellowintheworld.\"
WesoonafterlefttownforSens.Thehousewasnottakenbyhim，forotherandgreataffairswerepreparing.DuringtheintervalbetweenourdepartureandthefataldayofVendemiaireseveralletterspassedbetweenhimandhisschoolcompanion.Theseletterswereofthemostamiableandaffectionatedescription.Theyhavebeenstolen.Onourreturn，inNovemberofthesameyear，everythingwaschanged.Thecollegefriendwasnowagreatpersonage.HehadgotthecommandofParisinreturnforhisshareintheeventsofVendemiaire.InsteadofasmallhouseintheRuedesMarais，heoccupiedasplendidhotelintheRuedesCapucines;
themodestcabrioletwasconvertedintoasuperbequipage，andthemanhimselfwasnolongerthesame.Butthefriendsofhisyouthwerestillreceivedwhentheymadetheirmorningcalls.Theywereinvitedtogranddejeuners，whichweresometimesattendedbyladies;and，amongothers，bythebeautifulMadameTallienandherfriendtheamiableMadamedeBeauharnais，towhomBonapartehadbeguntopayattention.Hecaredlittleforhisfriends，andceasedtoaddresstheminthestyleoffamiliarequality.
Afterthe13thofVendemiaireM.deBourriennesawBonaparteonlyatdistantperiods.InthemonthofFebruary1796myhusbandwasarrested，atseveninthemorning，byapartyofmen，armedwithmuskets，onthechargeofbeingareturnedemigrant.Hewastornfromhiswifeandhischild，onlysixmonthsold，beingbarelyallowedtimetodresshimself.
Ifollowedhim.Theyconveyedhimtotheguard—houseoftheSection，andthenceIknownotwhither;and，finally，intheevening，theyplacedhiminthelockup—houseoftheprefectureofpolice，which，Ibelieve，isnowcalledthecentralbureau.Therehepassedtwonightsandaday，amongmenofthelowestdescription，someofwhomwereevenmalefactors.Iandhisfriendsranabouteverywhere，tryingtofindsomebodytorescuehim，and，amongtherest，Bonapartewasappliedto.Itwaswithgreatdifficultyhecouldbeseen.Accompaniedbyoneofmyhusband’sfriends，IwaitedforthecommandantofParisuntilmidnight，buthedidnotcomehome.NextmorningIreturnedatanearlyhour，andfoundhim.Istatedwhathadhappenedtomyhusband，whoselifewasthenatstake.Heappearedtofeelverylittleforthesituationofhisfriend，but，however;determinedtowritetoMerlin，theMinisterofJustice.I
carriedtheletteraccordingtoitsaddress，andmettheMinisterashewascomingdownstairs，onhiswaytotheDirectory.Beingingrandcostume，heworeaHenriIV.hat，surmountedwithamultitudeofplumes，adresswhichformedasingularcontrastwithhisperson.Heopenedtheletter;andwhetheritwasthathecaredaslittlefortheGeneralasforthecauseofM.doBourrienne’sarrest，herepliedthatthematterwasnolongerinhishands，andthatitwasnowunderthecognisanceofthepublicadministratorsofthelaws.TheMinisterthensteppedintohiscarriage，andthewriterwasconductedtoseveralofficesinhishotel.
Shepassedthroughthemwithabrokenheart，forshemetwithnonebutharshmen，whotoldherthattheprisonerdeserveddeath.FromthemshelearnedthatonthefollowingdayhewouldbebroughtbeforethejudgeofthepeaceforhisSection，whowoulddecidewhethertherewasgroundforputtinghimonhistrial.Infact，thisproceedingtookplacenextday.
HewasconveyedtothehouseofthejudgeofthepeacefortheSectionofBondy，RueGrange—sue—Belles，whosenamewasLemaire.Hiscountenancewasmild;andthoughhismannerwascold，hehadnoneoftheharshnessandferocitycommontotheGovernmentagentsofthattime.Hisexaminationofthechargewaslong，andheseveraltimesshookhishead.
Themomentofdecisionhadarrived，andeverythingseemedtoindicatethattheterminationwouldbetoplacetheprisonerunderaccusation.
Atseveno’clockbedesiredmetobecalled.Ihastenedtohim，andbeheldamostheartrendingscene.Bourriennewassufferingunderahemorrhage，whichhadcontinuedsincetwoo’clock，andhadinterruptedtheexamination.Thejudgeofthepeace，wholookedsad，satwithhisheadrestingonhishand.Ithrewmyselfathisfeetandimploredhisclemency.Thewifeandthetwodaughtersofthejudgevisitedthissceneofsorrow，andassistedmeinsofteninghim.Hewasaworthyandfeelingman，agoodhusbandandparent，anditwasevidentthathestruggledbetweencompassionandduty.Hekeptreferringtothelawsonthesubject，and，afterlongresearchessaidtome，\"To—morrowisDecadi，andnoproceedingscantakeplaceonthatday.Find，madams，tworesponsiblepersons，whowillanswerfortheappearanceofyourhusband，andIwillpermithimtogohomewithyou，accompaniedbythetwoguardians.\"Nextdaytwofriendswerefound，oneofwhomwasM.Desmaisons，counsellorofthecourt，whobecamebailforM.deBourrienne.Hecontinuedundertheseguardianssixmonths，untilalawcompelledthepersonswhowereinscribedonthefatallisttoremovetothedistanceoftenleaguesfromParis.Oneoftheguardianswasamanofstraw;theotherwasaknightofSt.Louis.Theformerwasleftintheantechamber;thelattermade，every—evening，oneofourpartyatcards.ThefamilyofM.deBourriennehavealwaysfeltthewarmestgratitudetothejudgeofthepeaceandhisfamily.ThatworthymansavedthelifeofM.deBourrienne，who，whenhereturnedfromEgypt，andhaditinhispowertodohimsomeservice，hastenedtohishouse;butthegoodjudgewasnomore！
Thelettersmentionedinthenarrativewereatthistimestolenfrommebythepoliceofficers.
Everyonewasnoweagertopaycourttoamanwhohadrisenfromthecrowdinconsequenceoftheparthehadactedatan，extraordinarycrisis，andwhowasspokenofasthefutureGeneraloftheArmyofItaly.Itwasexpectedthathewouldbegratified，ashereallywas，bytherestorationofsomeletterswhichcontainedtheexpressionofhisformerverymodestwishes，calledtorecollectionhisunpleasantsituation，hislimitedambition，hispretendedaversionforpublicemployment，andfinallyexhibitedhisintimaterelationswiththosewhowere，withouthesitation，characterisedasemigrants，tobeafterwardsmadethevictimsofconfiscationanddeath.
The13thofVendemiaire（5thOctober1795）wasapproaching.TheNationalConventionhadbeenpainfullydeliveredofanewconstitution，called，fromtheepochofitsbirth，\"theConstitutionofYearIII.\"Itwasadoptedonthe22dofAugust1795.Theprovidentlegislatorsdidnotforgetthemselves.Theystipulatedthattwo—thirdsoftheirbodyshouldformpartofthenewlegislature.ThepartyopposedtotheConventionhoped，onthecontrary，that，byageneralelection，amajoritywouldbeobtainedforitsopinion.Thatopinionwasagainstthecontinuationofpowerinthehandsofmenwhohadalreadysogreatlyabusedit.
ThesameopinionwasalsoentertainedbyagreatpartofthemostinfluentialSectionsofParis，bothastothepossessionofpropertyandtalent.TheseSectionsdeclaredthat，inacceptingthenewconstitution，theyrejectedthedecreeofthe30thofAugust，whichrequiredthere—
electionoftwo—thirdsTheConvention，therefore，founditselfmenacedinwhatitheldmoatdear——itspower;——andaccordinglyresortedtomeasuresofdefence.Adeclarationwasputforth，statingthattheConvention，ifattacked，wouldremovetoChalons—sur—Marne;andthecommandersofthearmedforcewerecalledupontodefendthatbody.
The5thofOctober，thedayonwhichtheSectionsofParisattackedtheConvention，iscertainlyonewhichoughttobemarkedinthewonderfuldestinyofBonaparte.
Withtheeventsofthatdaywerelinked，ascauseandeffect，manygreatpoliticalconvulsionsofEurope.ThebloodwhichflowedripenedtheseedsoftheyouthfulGeneral’sambition.Itmustbeadmittedthatthehistoryofpastagespresentsfewperiodsfullofsuchextraordinaryeventsastheyearsincludedbetween1795and1815.Themanwhosenameserves，insomemeasure，asarecapitulationofallthesegreateventswasentitledtobelievehimselfimmortal.
LivingretiredatSenssincethemonthofJuly，IonlylearnedwhathadoccasionedtheinsurrectionoftheSectionsfrompublicreportandthejournals.Icannot，therefore，saywhatpartBonapartemayhavetakenintheintrigueswhichprecededthatday.Hewasofficiallycharacterisedonlyassecondaryactorinthescene.TheaccountoftheaffairwhichwaspublishedannouncesthatBarraswas，onthatveryday，Commander—in—
chiefoftheArmyoftheInterior，andBonapartesecondincommand.
Bonapartedrewupthataccount.Thewholeofthemanuscriptwasinhishandwriting，anditexhibitsallthepeculiarityofhisstyleandorthography.Hesentmeacopy.
Thosewhoreadthebulletinofthe13thVendemiaire，cannotfailtoobservethecarewhichBonapartetooktocastthereproachofsheddingthefirstbloodonthemenhecallsrebels.Hemadeagreatpointofrepresentinghisadversariesastheaggressors.Itiscertainhelongregrettedthatday.Heoftentoldmethathewouldgiveyearsofhislifetoblotitoutfromthepageofhishistory.HewasconvincedthatthepeopleofParisweredreadfullyirritatedagainsthim，andhewouldhavebeengladifBarrashadnevermadethatSpeechintheConvention，withthepartofwhich，complimentarytohimself，hewasatthetimesowellpleased.Barrassaid，\"Itistohisableandpromptdispositionsthatweareindebtedforthedefenceofthisassembly，aroundwhichhehadpostedthetroopswithsomuchskill.\"Thisisperfectlytrue，butitisnotalwaysagreeablethateverytruthshouldbetold.BeingoutofParis，andatotalstrangertothisaffair，Iknownothowfarhewasindebtedforhissuccesstochance，ortohisownexertions，inthepartassignedtohimbythemiserableGovernmentwhichthenoppressedFrance.
HerepresentedhimselfonlyassecondaryactorinthissanguinarysceneinwhichBarrasmadehimhisassociate.Hesenttome，asalreadymentioned，anaccountofthetransaction，writtenentirelyinhisownhand，anddistinguishedbyallthepeculiaritiesof——hisstyleandorthography.
——[JosephBonaparte，inanoteonthispeerage，insinuatesthattheaccountofthe13thVendemiairewasneversenttoSens，butwasabstractedbyBourrienne，withotherdocuments，fromNapoleon’sCabinet（Erreurs，tomei.p.239）.]——
\"Onthe13th，\"saysBonaparte，\"atfiveo’clockinthemorning，therepresentativeofthepeople，Barras，wasappointedCommander—in—chiefoftheArmyoftheInterior，andGeneralBonapartewasnominatedsecondincommand.
\"TheartilleryforserviceonthefrontierwasstillatthecampofSablons，guardedsolelyby150men;theremainderwasatMarlywith200
men.ThedepotofMeudonwasleftunprotected.TherewereattheFeuillansonlyafewfour—pounderswithoutartillerymen，andbut80，000
cartridges.ThevictuallingdepotsweredispersedthroughoutParis.
InmanySectionsthedrumsbeattoarms;theSectionoftheTheatreFrancaishadadvancedpostsevenasfarasthePontNeuf，whichithadbarricaded.
\"GeneralBarrasorderedtheartillerytomoveimmediatelyfromthecampofSablonstotheTuileries，andselectedtheartillerymenfromthebattalionsofthe89thregiment，andfromthegendarmerie，andplacedthematthePalace;senttoMeudon200menofthepolicelegionwhomhebroughtfromVersailles，50cavalry，andtwocompaniesofveterans;heorderedthepropertywhichwasatMarlytobeconveyedtoMeudon;causedcartridgestobebroughtthere，andestablishedaworkshopatthatplaceforthemanufactureofmore.HesecuredmeansforthesubsistenceofthearmyandoftheConventionformanydays，independentlyofthedepotswhichwereintheSections.
\"GeneralVerdier，whocommandedatthePalaisNational，exhibitedgreatcoolness;hewasrequirednottosufferashottobefiredtillthelastextremity.InthemeantimereportsreachedhimfromallquartersacquaintinghimthattheSectionswereassembledinarms，andhadformedtheircolumns.HeaccordinglyarrayedhistroopssoastodefendtheConvention，andhisartillerywasinreadinesstorepulsetherebels.
HiscannonwasplantedattheFeuillanstofiredowntheRueHonore.
Eight—pounderswerepointedateveryopening，andintheeventofanymishap，GeneralVerdierhadcannoninreservetofireinflankuponthecolumnwhichshouldhaveforcedapassage.HeleftintheCarrouselthreehowitzers（eight—pounders）tobatterdownthehousesfromwhichtheConventionmightbefiredupon.Atfouro’clocktherebelcolumnsmarchedoutfromeverystreettounitetheirforces.Itwasnecessarytotakeadvantageofthiscriticalmomenttoattacktheinsurgents，evenhadtheybeenregulartroops.ButthebloodabouttoflowwasFrench;itwasthereforeforthesemisguidedpeople，alreadyguiltyofrebellion，toembruetheirhandsinthebloodoftheircountrymenbystrikingthefirstblow.
\"Ataquarterbeforefiveo’clocktheinsurgentshadformed.Theattackwascommencedbythemonallsides.Theywereeverywhererouted.Frenchbloodwasspilled：thecrime，aswellasthedisgrace，fellthisdayupontheSections.
\"Amongthedeadwereeverywheretoberecognizedemigrants，landowners，andnobles;theprisonersconsistedforthemostpartofthe’chouans’ofCharette.
\"NeverthelesstheSectionsdidnotconsiderthemselvesbeaten：theytookrefugeinthechurchofSt.Roch，inthetheatreoftheRepublic，andinthePalaisEgalite;andeverywheretheywereheardfuriouslyexcitingtheinhabitantstoarms.Tosparethebloodwhichwouldhavebeenshedthenextdayitwasnecessarythatnotimeshouldbegiventhemtorally，buttofollowthemwithvigour，thoughwithoutincurringfreshhazards.TheGeneralorderedMontchoisy，whocommandedareserveatthePlacedelaResolution，toformacolumnwithtwotwelve—pounders，tomarchbytheBoulevardinordertoturnthePlaceVendome，toformajunctionwiththepicketstationedatheadquarters，andtoreturninthesameorderofcolumn.
\"GeneralBrune，withtwohowitzers，deployedinthestreetsofSt.
NicaiseandSt.Honore.GeneralCartauxsenttwohundredmenandafour—
pounderofhisdivisionbytheRueSt.Thomas—du—LouvretodebouchinthesquareofthePalaisEgalite.GeneralBonaparte，whohadhishorsekilledunderhim，repairedtotheFeuillans.
\"Thecolumnsbegantomove，St.RochandthetheatreoftheRepublicweretaken，byassault，whentherebelsabandonedthem，andretreatedtotheupperpartoftheRuedelaLoi，andbarricadedthemselvesonallsides.
Patrolsweresentthither，andseveralcannon—shotswerefiredduringthenight，inordertopreventthemfromthrowingupdefences，whichobjectwaseffectuallyaccomplished.
\"Atdaybreak，theGeneralhavinglearnedthatsomestudentsfromtheSt.
Genevievesideoftheriverweremarchingwithtwopiecesofcannontosuccourtherebels，sentadetachmentofdragoonsinpursuitofthem，whoseizedthecannonandconductedthemtotheTuileries.TheenfeebledSections，however，stillshowedafront.TheyhadbarricadedtheSectionofGrenelle，andplacedtheircannonintheprincipalstreets.Atnineo’clockGeneralBeruyerhastenedtoformhisdivisioninbattlearrayinthePlaceVendome，marchedwithtwoeight—pounderstotheRuedesVieux—
Augustins，andpointedtheminthedirectionoftheSectionLePelletier.
GeneralVachet，withacorpsof’tirailleurs’，marchedonhisright，readytoadvancetothePlaceVictoire.GeneralBrunemarchedtothePerron，andplantedtwohowitzersattheupperendoftheRueVivienne.
GeneralDuvigier，withhiscolumnofsixhundredmen，andtwotwelve—
pounders，advancedtothestreetsofSt.RochandMontmartre.TheSectionslostcouragewiththeapprehensionofseeingtheirretreatcutoff，andevacuatedthepostatthesightofoursoldiers，forgettingthehonouroftheFrenchnamewhichtheyhadtosupport.TheSectionofBrutusstillcausedsomeuneasiness.Thewifeofarepresentativehadbeenarrestedthere.GeneralDuvigierwasorderedtoproceedalongtheBoulevardasfarastheRuePoissonniere.GeneralBeruyertookupapositionatthePlaceVictoire，andGeneralBonaparteoccupiedthePont—
au—Change.
\"TheSectionofBrutuswassurrounded，andthetroopsadvanceduponthePlacedeGreve，wherethecrowdpouredinfromtheIsleSt.Louis，fromtheTheatreFrancais，andfromthePalace.Everywherethepatriotshadregainedtheircourage，whiletheponiardsoftheemigrants，armedagainstus，haddisappeared.Thepeopleuniversallyadmittedtheirerror.
\"ThenextdaythetwoSectionsofLsPelletierandtheTheatreFrancaisweredisarmed.\"
TheresultofthispettycivilwarbroughtBonaparteforward;butthepartyhedefeatedatthatperiodneverpardonedhimforthepast，andthatwhichhesupporteddreadedhiminthefuture.Fiveyearsafterhewillbefoundrevivingtheprincipleswhichhecombatedonthe5thofOctober1795.Onbeingappointed，onthemotionofBarras，Lieutenant—
GeneraloftheArmyoftheInterior，heestablishedhisheadquartersintheRueNeuvedesCapucines.Thestatementinthe’ManuscritdeSainteHelene，thatafterthe13thBrumaireheremainedunemployedatParis，isthereforeobviouslyerroneous.Sofarfromthis，hewasincessantlyoccupiedwiththepolicyofthenation，andwithhisownfortunes.
Bonapartewasinconstant，almostdaily，communicationwitheveryonetheninpower，andknewhowtoprofitbyallhesaworheard.
Toavoidreturningtothis’ManuscritdeSainteHelene’，whichattheperiodofitsappearanceattractedmoreattentionthanitdeserved，andwhichwasverygenerallyattributedtoBonaparte，Ishallheresayafewwordsrespectingit.IshallbrieflyrepeatwhatIsaidinanotewhenmyopinionwasasked，underhighauthority，byaministerofLouisXVIII.
Noreaderintimatelyacquaintedwithpublicaffairscanbedeceivedbythepretendedauthenticityofthispamphlet.Whatdoesitcontain？
Factspervertedandheapedtogetherwithoutmethod，andrelatedinanobscure，affected，andridiculouslysententiousstyle.Besideswhatappearsinit，butwhichisbadlyplacedthere，itisimpossiblenottoremarktheomissionofwhatshouldnecessarilybethere，wereNapoleontheauthor.Itisfullofabsurdandofinsignificantgossip，ofthoughtsNapoleonneverhad，expressionsunknowntohim，andaffectationsfarremovedfromhischaracter.Withsomeelevatedideas，morethanonestyleandanequivocalspiritcanbeseeninit.Professedcoincidencesareputclosetounpardonableanachronisms，andtothemostabsurdrevelations.Itcontainsneitherhisthoughts，hisstyle，hisactions，norhislife.Sometruthsaremimedupwithaninconceivablemassoffalsehoods.SomeformsofexpressionusedbyBonaparteareoccasionallymetwith，buttheyareawkwardlyintroduced，andoftenwithbadtaste.
IthasbeenreportedthatthepamphletwaswrittenbyM.Bertrand，formerlyanofficerofthearmyoftheVistula，andarelationoftheComtedeSimeon，peerofFrance.
——[’ManuscritdeSainteHelened’unemaniereinconnue’，London.
Murray;Bruxelles，DeMat，20Avril1817.Thisworkmeritsanote.
Metternich（vol，i.pp.312—13）says，\"AtthetimewhenitappearedthemanuscriptofSt.HelenamadeagreatimpressionuponEurope.
ThispamphletwasgenerallyregardedasaprecursorofthememoirswhichNapoleonwasthoughttobewritinginhisplaceofexile.ThereportsoonspreadthattheworkwasconceivedandexecutedbyMadamedeStael.MadamedeStael，forherpart，attributedittoBenjaminConstant，fromwhomshewasatthistimeseparatedbysomedisagreement.AfterwardsitcametobeknownthattheauthorwastheMarquisLullindeChateauvieux，amaninsociety，whomnoonehadsuspectedofbeingabletoholdapen：Jomini（tomei.p.8
note）says.\"Itwillberemarkedthatinthecourseofthiswork[hislifeofNapoleon]theauthorhasusedsomefiftypagesofthepretended’ManuscritdeSainteHelene’.Farfromwishingtocommitaplagiarism，heconsidersheoughttorenderthishomagetoacleverandoriginalwork，severalfalsepointsofviewinwhich，however，hehascombated.Itwouldhavebeeneasyforhimtorewritethesepagesinotherterms，buttheyappearedtohimtobesowellsuitedtothecharacterofNapoleonthathehaspreferredtopreservethem.\"InthewillofNapoleonoccurs（seeendofthiswork）：\"Idisavowthe’ManuscritdeSainteHelene’，andtheotherworksunderthetitleofMaxims，Sentences，etc.，whichtheyhavebeenpleasedtopublishduringthelastsixyears.Suchrulesarenotthosewhichhaveguidedmylife：Thismanuscriptmustnotbeconfusedwiththe’MemorialofSaintHelena’.]——
CHAPTERIV.
1795—1797
OnmyreturntoParisImeetBonaparte——HisinterviewwithJosephine——Bonaparte’smarriage，anddeparturefromParistendaysafter——
PortraitandcharacterofJosephine——Bonaparte’sdislikeofnationalproperty——LettertoJosephine——LetterofGeneralColli，andBonaparte’sreply——BonaparterefusestoservewithKellerman——
Marmont’sletters——Bonaparte’sordertometojointhearmy——MydeparturefromSensforItaly——InsurrectionoftheVenetianStates.
Afterthe13thVendemiaireIreturnedtoParisfromSens.DuringtheshorttimeIstoppedthereIsawBonapartelessfrequentlythanformerly.
Ihad，however，noreasontoattributethistoanythingbutthepressureofpublicbusinesswithwhichhewasnowoccupied.WhenIdidmeethimitwasmostcommonlyatbreakfastordinner.Onedayhecalledmyattentiontoayoungladywhosatoppositetohim，andaskedwhatI
thoughtofher.ThewayinwhichIansweredhisquestionappearedtogivehimmuchpleasure.Hethentalkedagreatdealtomeabouther，herfamily，andheramiablequalities;hetoldmethatheshouldprobablymarryher，ashewasconvincedthattheunionwouldmakehimhappy.I
alsogatheredfromhisconversationthathismarriagewiththeyoungwidowwouldprobablyassisthimingainingtheobjectsofhisambition.
Hisconstantly—increasinginfluencewithherhadalreadybroughthimintocontactwiththemostinfluentialpersonsofthatepoch.HeremainedinParisonlytendaysafterhismarriage，whichtookplaceonthe9thofMarch1796.Itwasaunioninwhichgreatharmonyprevailed，notwithstandingoccasionalslightdisagreements.Bonapartenever，tomyknowledge，causedannoyancetohiswife.MadameBonapartepossessedpersonalgracesandmanygoodqualities.
——[\"EugenewasnotmorethanfourteenyearsofagewhenheventuredtointroducehimselftoGeneralBonaparte，forthepurposeofsolicitinghisfather’ssword，ofwhichheunderstoodtheGeneralhadbecomepossessed.Thecountenance，air，andfrankmannerofEugenepleasedBonaparte，andheimmediatelygrantedhimtheboonhesought.Assoonastheswordwasplacedintheboy’shandstieburstintotears，andkissedit.Thisfeelingofaffectionforhisfather’smemory，andthenaturalmannerinwhichitwasevinced，increasedtheinterestofBonaparteinhisyoungvisitor.MadamedeBeauharnais，onlearningthekindreceptionwhichtheGeneralhadgivenherson，thoughtitherdutytocallandthankhim.BonapartewasmuchpleasedwithJosephineonthisfirstinterview，andhereturnedhervisit.Theacquaintancethuscommencedspeedilyledtotheirmarriage.\"——Constant]——
——[Bonapartehimself，atSt.Helena，saysthathefirstmetJosephineatBarras’（seeIung’sBonaparte，tomeiii.p.116）.]——
——[\"NeitherofhiswiveshadeveranythingtocomplainoffromNapoleon’spersonalmanners\"（Metternich，vol.1p.279）.]——
——[MadamedeRemusat，who，toparaphraseThiers’sayingonBourriennehimself，isatrustworthywitness，forifshereceivedbenefitsfromNapoleontheydidnotweighonher，says，\"However，Napoleonhadsomeaffectionforhisfirstwife;and，infact，ifhehasatanytimebeentouched，nodoubtithasbeenonlyforherandbyher\"（tomei.p.113）.\"BonapartewasyoungwhenhefirstknewMadamedeBeauharnais.InthecirclewherehemethershehadagreatsuperioritybythenamesheboreandbytheextremeeleganceofhermannersInmarryingMadamedeBeauharnais，Bonapartebelievedhewasallyinghimselftoaverygrandlady;thusthiswasonemoreconquest\"（p.114）.ButinspeakingofJosephine’scomplaintstoNapoleonofhisloveaffairs，MadamedeRemusatsays，\"Herhusbandsometimesansweredbyviolences，theexcessesofwhichIdonotdaretodetail，untilthemomentwhen，hisnewfancyhavingsuddenlypassed，hefelthistendernessforhiswifeagainrenewed.Thenhewastouchedbyhersufferings，replacedhisinsultsbycaresseswhichwerehardlymoremeasuredthanhisviolencesand，asshewasgentleanduntenacious，shefellbackintoherfeelingofsecurity\"（p.206）.]——
——[MiotdeMelito，whowasafollowerofJosephBonaparte，says，\"Nowomanhasunitedgomuchkindnesstosomuchnaturalgrace，orhasdonemoregoodwithmorepleasurethanshedid.Shehonouredmewithherfriendship，andtheremembranceofthebenevolenceshehasshownme，tothelastmomentofhertooshortexistence，willneverbeeffacedfrommyheart\"（tomei.pp.101—2）.]——
——[Meneval，thesuccessorofBourrienneishisplaceofsecretarytoNapoleon，andwhoremainedattachedtotheEmperoruntiltheend，saysofJosephine（tomei.p.227），\"Josephinewasirresistiblyattractive.Herbeautywasnotregular，butshehad’Lagrace，plusbelleencorequelabeaute’，accordingtothegoodLaFontaine.Shehadthesoftabandonment，thesuppleandelegantmovements，andthegracefulcarelessnessofthecreoles.——（Thereadermustrememberthattheterm\"Creole\"doesnotimplyanytaintofblackblood，butonlythattheperson，ofEuropeanfamily，hasbeenbornintheWestIndies.）——Hertemperwasalwaysthesame.Shewasgentleandkind.]——
Iamconvincedthatallwhowereacquaintedwithhermusthavefeltboundtospeakwellofher;tofew，indeed，didsheevergivecauseforcomplaint.Inthetimeofherpowershedidnotloseanyofherfriends，becausesheforgotnoneofthem.Benevolencewasnaturaltoher，butshewasnotalwaysprudentinitsexercise.Henceherprotectionwasoftenextendedtopersonswhodidnotdeserveit.Hertasteforsplendourandexpensewasexcessive.Thispronenesstoluxurybecameahabitwhichseemedconstantlyindulgedwithoutanymotive.WhatsceneshaveInotwitnessedwhenthemomentforpayingthetradesmen’sbillsarrived！Shealwayskeptbackone—halfoftheirclaims，andthediscoveryofthisexposedhertonewreproaches.Howmanytearsdidsheshedwhichmighthavebeeneasilyspared！
Whenfortuneplacedacrownonherheadshetoldmethattheevent，extraordinaryasitwas，hadbeenpredicted：Itiscertainthatsheputfaithinfortune—tellers.Ioftenexpressedtohermyastonishmentthatsheshouldcherishsuchabelief，andshereadilylaughedatherowncredulity;butnotwithstandingneverabandonedit：Theeventhadgivenimportancetotheprophecy;buttheforesightoftheprophetess，saidtobeanoldregress，wasnotthelessamatterofdoubt.
Notlongbeforethe13thofVendemiaire，thatdaywhichopenedforBonapartehisimmensecareer，headdressedalettertomeatSens，inwhich，aftersomeofhisusuallyfriendlyexpressions，hesaid，\"LookoutasmallpieceoflandinyourbeautifulvalleyoftheYonne.IwillpurchaseitassoonasIcanscrapetogetherthemoney.Iwishtoretirethere;butrecollectthatIwillhavenothingtodowithnationalproperty.\"
BonaparteleftParisonthe21stofMarch1796，whileIwasstillwithmyguardians.HenosoonerjoinedtheFrencharmythanGeneralColli，thenincommandofthePiedmontesearmy，transmittedtohimthefollowingletter，which，withitsanswer，Ithinksufficientlyinterestingtodeservepreservation：
GENERAL——Isupposethatyouareignorantofthearrestofoneofmyofficers，namedMoulin，thebearerofaflagoftruce，whohasbeendetainedforsomedayspastatMurseco，contrarytothelawsofwar，andnotwithstandinganimmediatedemandforhisliberationbeingmadebyGeneralCountVital.HisbeingaFrenchemigrantcannottakefromhimtherightsofaflagoftruce，andIagainclaimhiminthatcharacter.ThecourtesyandgenerositywhichIhavealwaysexperiencedfromthegeneralsofyournationinducesmetohopethatIshallnotmakethisapplicationinvain;anditiswithregretthatImentionthatyourchiefofbrigade，Barthelemy，whoorderedtheunjustarrestofmyflagoftruce，havingyesterdaybythechanceofwarfallenintomyhands，thatofficerwillbedealtwithaccordingtothetreatmentwhichM.Moulinmayreceive.
Imostsincerelywishthatnothingmayoccurtochangethenobleandhumaneconductwhichthetwonationshavehithertobeenaccustomedtoobservetowardseachother.Ihavethehonour，etc.，（Signed）COLLI.
CEVA.17thApril1796.
Bonaparterepliedasfollows：
GENERAL——Anemigrantisaparricidewhomnocharactercanrendersacred.Thefeelingsofhonour，andtherespectduetotheFrenchpeople，wereforgottenwhenM.Moulinwassentwithaflagoftruce.
Youknowthelawsofwar，andIthereforedonotgivecredittothereprisalswithwhichyouthreatenthechiefofbrigade，Barthelemy.
If，contrarytothelawsofwar，youauthorisesuchanactofbarbarism，alltheprisonerstakenfromyoushallbeimmediatelymaderesponsibleforitwiththemostdeplorablevengeance，forI
entertainfortheofficersofyournationthatesteemwhichisduetobravesoldiers.
TheExecutiveDirectory，towhomtheselettersweretransmitted，approvedofthearrestofM.Moulin;butorderedthatheshouldbesecurelyguarded，andnotbroughttotrial，inconsequenceofthecharacterwithwhichhehadbeeninvested.
Aboutthemiddleoftheyear1796theDirectoryproposedtoappointGeneralKellerman，whocommandedthearmyoftheAlps，secondincommandofthearmyofItaly.
Onthe24thofMay1796Bonapartewroteto，Carnotrespecting，thisplan，whichwasfarfrombeingagreeabletohim.Hesaid，\"WhetherIshallbeemployedhereoranywhereelseisindifferenttome：toservethecountry，andtomeritfromposterityapageinourhistory，isallmyambition.IfyoujoinKellermanandmeincommandinItalyyouwillundoeverything.GeneralKellermanhasmoreexperiencethanI，andknowshowtomakewarbetterthanIdo;butbothtogether，weshallmakeitbadly.
IwillnotwillinglyservewithamanwhoconsidershimselfthefirstgeneralinEurope.\"
NumbersoflettersfromBonapartetohiswifehavebeenpublished.
Icannotdenytheir，authenticity，norisitmywishtodoso.Iwill，however，subjoinonewhichappearstometodifferalittlefromtherest.Itislessremarkableforexaggeratedexpressionsoflove，andasingularlyambitiousandaffectedstyle，thanmostofthecorrespondenceherealludedto.BonaparteisannouncingthevictoryofArcolatoJosephine.
VERONA，the29th，noon.
Atlength，myadoredJosephine，Iliveagain.Deathisnolongerbeforeme，andgloryandhonourarestillinmybreast.TheenemyisbeatenatArcola.To—morrowwewillrepairtheblunderofVaubois，whoabandonedRivoli.IneightdaysMantuawillbeours，andthenthyhusbandwillfoldtheeinhisarms，andgivetheeathousandproofsofhisardentaffection.IshallproceedtoMilanassoonasIcan：Iamalittlefatigued.IhavereceivedlettersfromEugeneandHortense.Iamdelightedwiththechildren.IwillsendyoutheirlettersassoonasIamjoinedbymyhousehold，whichisnowsomewhatdispersed.
Wehavemadefivethousandprisoners，andkilledatleastsixthousandoftheenemy.Adieu，myadorableJosephine.Thinkofmeoften.WhenyouceasetoloveyourAchilles，whenyourheartgrowscooltowardshim，youwiltbeverycruel，veryunjust.ButIamsureyouwillalwayscontinuemyfaithfulmistress，asIshalleverremainyourfondlover（’tendreamie’）.Deathalonecanbreaktheunionwhichsympathy，love，andsentimenthaveformed.Letmehavenewsofyourhealth.Athousandandathousandkisses.
ItisimpossibleformetoavoidoccasionallyplacingmyselfintheforegroundinthecourseoftheseMemoirs.Ioweittomyselftoanswer，thoughindirectly，tocertainchargeswhich，onvariousoccasions，havebeenmadeagainstme.SomeofthedocumentswhichIamabouttoinsertbelong，perhaps，lesstothehistoryoftheGeneral—in—Chiefofthearmyof—Italythantothatofhissecretary;butImustconfessIwishtoshowthatIwasnotanintruder，noryetpursuing，asanobscureintriguer，thepathoffortune.IwasinfluencedmuchmorebyfriendshipthanbyambitionwhenItookapartonthescenewheretherising—gloryofthefutureEmperoralreadyshedalustreonallwhowereattachedtohisdestiny.ItwillbeseenbythefollowingletterswithwhatconfidenceIwasthenhonoured;buttheseletters，dictatedbyfriendship，andnotwrittenforhistory，speakalsoofourmilitaryachievements;andwhateverbringstorecollectiontheeventsofthatheroicperiodmuststillbeinterestingtomany.
HEADQUARTERSATMILAN，20thPrairial，yearIV.（8thJune1796）.
TheGeneral—in—Chiefhasorderedme，mydearBourrienne，tomakeknowntoyouthepleasureheexperiencedonhearingofyou，andhisardentdesirethatyoushouldjoinus.Takeyourdeparture，then，mydearBourrienne，andarrivequickly.Youmaybecertainofobtainingthetestimoniesofaffectionwhichareyourduefromallwhoknowyou;andwemuchregretthatyouwerenotwithustohaveashareinoursuccess.Thecampaignwhichwehavejustconcludedwillbecelebratedintherecordsofhistory.Withlessthan30，000
men，inastateofalmostcompletedestitution，itisafinethingtohave，inthecourseoflessthantwomonths，beaten，eightdifferenttimes，anarmyoffrom65to70，000men，obligedtheKingofSardiniatomakeahumiliatingpeace，anddriventheAustriansfromItaly.Thelastvictory，ofwhichyouhavedoubtlesshadanaccount，thepassageoftheMincio，hasclosedourlabours.TherenowremainforusthesiegeofMantuaandthecastleofMilan;buttheseobstacleswillnotdetainuslong.Adieu，mydearBourrienne：
IrepeatGeneralBonaparte’srequestthatyoushouldrepairhither，andthetestimonyofhisdesiretoseeyou.
Receive，etc.，（Signed）MARMONT.
ChiefofBrigade（Artillery）andAidedecamptotheGeneral—in—Chief.
IwasobligedtoremainatSens，solicitingmyerasurefromtheemigrantlist，whichIdidnotobtain，however，till1797，andtoputanendtoachargemadeagainstmeofhavingfabricatedacertificateofresidence.
MeanwhileIappliedmyselftostudy，andpreferredreposetotheagitationofcamps.ForthesereasonsIdidnotthenaccepthisfriendlyinvitation，notwithstandingthatIwasverydesirousofseeingmyyoungcollegefriendinthemidstofhisastonishingtriumphs.Tenmonthsafter，IreceivedanotherletterfromMarmont，inthefollowingterms：——
HEADQUARTERSGORIZIA
2dGerminal，yearV.（22dMarch1797）.
TheGeneral—in—Chief，mydearBourrienne，hasorderedmetoexpresstoyouhiswishforyourpromptarrivalhere.Wehaveallalonganxiouslydesiredtoseeyou，andlookforwardwithgreatpleasuretothemomentwhenweshallmeet.IjoinwiththeGeneral，mydearBourrienne，inurgingyoutojointhearmywithoutlossoftime.
Youwillincreaseaunitedfamily，happytoreceiveyouintoitsbosom.IencloseanorderwrittenbytheGeneral，whichwillserveyouasapassport.Takethepostrouteandarriveassoonasyoucan.WeareonthepointofpenetratingintoGermany.Thelanguageischangingalready，andinfourdaysweshallhearnomoreItalian.
PrinceCharleshasbeenwellbeaten，andwearepursuinghim.Ifthiscampaignbefortunate，wemaysignapeace，whichissonecessaryforEurope，inVienna.Adieu，mydearBourrienne：reckonforsomethingthezealofonewhoismuchattachedtoyou.
（Signed）MARMONT.
BONAPARTE，GENERAL—IN—CHIEFOFTHEARMYOFITALY.
Headquarters，Gorizia，2dGerminal，yearV.
ThecitizenBourrienneistocometomeonreceiptofthepresentorder.
（Signed）BONAPARTE.
TheodiousmannerinwhichIwasthenharassed，Iknownotwhy，onthepartoftheGovernmentrespectingmycertificateofresidence，renderedmystayinFrancenotveryagreeable.Iwaseventhreatenedwithbeingputonmytrialforhavingproducedacertificateofresidencewhichwasallegedtobesignedbyninefalsewitnesses.Thistime，therefore，I
resolvedwithouthesitationtosetoutforthearmy.GeneralBonaparte’sorder，whichIregisteredatthemunicipalityofSens，answeredforapassport，whichotherwisewouldprobablyhavebeenrefusedme.Ihavealwaysfeltastrongsenseofgratitudeforhisconducttowardsmeonthisoccasion.
NotwithstandingthehasteImadetoleaveSens，thenecessaryformalitiesandprecautionsdetainedmesomedays，andatthemomentIwasabouttodepartIreceivedthefollowingletter：
HEADQUARTERS，JUDENBOURG，19thGerminal，YearV.（8thApril1797）.
TheGeneral—in—Chiefagainordersme，mydearBourrienne，tourgeyoutocometohimquickly.Weareinthemidstofsuccessandtriumphs.TheGermancampaignbeginsevenmorebrilliantlythandidtheItalian.Youmayjudge，therefore，whatapromiseitholdsouttous.Come，mydearBourrienne，immediately——yieldtooursolicitations——shareourpainsandpleasures，andyouwilladdtoourenjoyments.
IhavedirectedthecouriertopassthroughSens，thathemaydeliverthislettertoyou，andbringmebackyouranswer.
（Signed）MARMONT.
Totheaboveletterthisorderwassubjoined：
ThecitizenFauveletdeBourrienneisorderedtoleaveSens，andrepairimmediatelybyposttotheheadquartersofthearmyofItaly.
（Signed）BONAPARTE.
IarrivedattheVenetianterritoryatthemomentwhentheinsurrectionagainsttheFrenchwasonthepointofbreakingout.ThousandsofpeasantswereinstigatedtoriseunderthepretextofappeasingthetroublesofBergamoandBrescia.IpassedthroughVeronaonthe16thofApril，theeveofthesignatureofthepreliminariesofLeobenandoftherevoltofVerona.EasterSundaywasthedaywhichtheministersofJesusChristselectedforpreaching\"thatitwaslawful，andevenmeritorious，tokillJacobins.\"DeathtoFrenchmen！——DeathtoJacobins！astheycalledalltheFrench，weretheirrallyingcries.AtthetimeIhadnottheslightestideaofthisstateofthings，forIhadleftSensonlyonthe11thofApril.
AfterstoppingtwohoursatVerona，Iproceededonmyjourneywithoutbeingawareofthemassacrewhichthreatenedthatcity.WhenaboutaleaguefromthetownIwas，however，stoppedbyapartyofinsurgentsontheirwaythither，consisting，asIestimated，ofabouttwothousandmen.
Theyonlydesiredmetocry’ElvivaSantoMarco’，anorderwithwhichI
speedilycomplied，andpassedon.WhatwouldhavebecomeofmehadI
beeninVeronaontheMonday？Onthatdaythebellswererung，whiletheFrenchwerebutcheredinthehospitals.Everyonemetinthestreetswasputtodeath.Thepriestsheadedtheassassins，andmorethanfourhundredFrenchmenwerethussacrificed.ThefortsheldoutagainsttheVenetians，thoughtheyattackedthemwithfury;butrepossessionofthetownwasnotobtaineduntilaftertendays.OntheverydayoftheinsurrectionofVeronasomeFrenchmenwereassassinatedbetweenthatcityandVicenza，throughwhichIpassedonthedaybeforewithoutdanger;andscarcelyhadIpassedthroughPadua，whenIlearnedthatothershadbeenmassacredthere.Thustheassassinationstravelledasrapidlyasthepost.
IshallsayafewwordsrespectingtherevoltoftheVenetianStates，which，inconsequenceofthedifferenceofpoliticalopinions，hasbeenviewedinverycontradictorylights.
ThelastdaysofVenicewereapproaching，andastormhadbeenbrewingformorethanayear.AboutthebeginningofApril1797thethreateningsymptomsofageneralinsurrectionappeared.ThequarrelcommencedwhentheAustriansenteredPeschiera，andsomepretextwasalsoaffordedbythereceptiongiventoMonsieur，afterwardsLouisXVIII.ItwascertainthatVenicehadmademilitarypreparationsduringthesiegeofMantuain1796.Theinterestsofthearistocracyoutweighedthepoliticalconsiderationsinourfavour.On，the7thofJune1796GeneralBonapartewrotethustotheExecutiveDirectory：
TheSenateofVenicelatelysenttwojudgesoftheirCouncilheretoascertaindefinitivelyhowthingsstand.Irepeatedmycomplaints.
IspoketothemaboutthereceptiongiventoMonsieur.ShoulditbeyourplantoextractfiveorsixmillionsfromVenice，Ihaveexpresslypreparedthissortofruptureforyou.Ifyourintentionsbemoredecided，Ithinkthisgroundofquarreloughttobekeptup.
Letmeknowwhatyoumeantodo，andwaittillthefavourablemoment，whichIshallseizeaccordingtocircumstances;forwemustnothavetodowithalltheworldatonce.
TheDirectoryansweredthatthemomentwasnotfavourable;thatitwasfirstnecessarytotakeMantua，andgiveWurmserasoundbeating.
However，towardstheendoftheyear1796theDirectorybegantogivemorecredittothesincerityoftheprofessionsofneutralitymadeonthepartofVenice.Itwasresolved，therefore，tobecontentwithobtainingmoneyandsuppliesforthearmy，andtorefrainfromviolatingtheneutrality.TheDirectoryhadnottheninreserve，likeBonaparte，theideaofmakingthedismembermentofVeniceserveasacompensationforsuchoftheAustrianpossessionsastheFrenchRepublicmightretain.
In1797theexpectedfavourablemomenthadarrived.TheknellofVenicewasrung;andBonapartethuswrotetotheDirectoryonthe30thofApril：
\"IamconvincedthattheonlycoursetobenowtakenistodestroythisferociousandsanguinaryGovernment.\"Onthe3dofMay，writingfromPalmaNuova，hesays：\"IseenothingthatcanbedonebuttoobliteratetheVenetiannamefromthefaceoftheglobe.\"
TowardstheendofMarch1797theGovernmentofVenicewasinadesperatestate.Ottolini，thePodestaofBergamo，aninstrumentoftyrannyinthehandsoftheStateinquisitors，thenharassedthepeopleofBergamoandBrescia，who，afterthereductionofMantua，wishedtobeseparatedfromVenice.Hedrewup，tohesenttotheSenate，alongreportrespectingtheplansofseparation，foundedoninformationgivenhimbyaRomanadvocate，namedMarcelinSerpini;whopretendedtohavegleanedthefactshecommunicatedinconversationwithofficersoftheFrencharmy.Theplanofthepatrioticpartywas，tounitetheVenetianterritoriesonthemainlandwithLombardy，andtoformofthewholeonerepublic.TheconductofOttoliniexasperatedthepartyinimicaltoVenice，andaugmentedtheprevailingdiscontent.Havingdisguisedhisvaletasapeasant，hesenthimofftoVenicewiththereporthehaddrawnuponSerpini’scommunications，andotherinformation;butthisreportneverreachedtheinquisitors.Thevaletwasarrested，hisdespatchestaken，andOttolinifledfromBergamo.ThisgaveabeginningtothegeneralrisingoftheVenetianStates.Infact，theforceofcircumstancesalonebroughtontheinsurrectionofthoseterritoriesagainsttheiroldinsulargovernment.GeneralLaHoz，whocommandedtheLombardLegion，wastheactiveprotectoroftherevolution，whichcertainlyhaditsoriginmoreintheprogressoftheprevailingprinciplesoflibertythaninthecrookedpolicyoftheSenateofVenice.Bonaparte，indeed，inhisdespatchestotheDirectory，statedthattheSenatehadinstigatedtheinsurrection;butthatwasnotquitecorrect，andhecouldnotwhollybelievehisownassertion.
PendingthevacillationoftheVenetianSenate，ViennawasexcitingthepopulationofitsStatesonthemainlandtoriseagainsttheFrench.TheVenetianGovernmenthadalwaysexhibitedanextremeaversiontotheFrenchRevolution，whichhadbeenviolentlycondemnedatVenice.HatredoftheFrenchhadbeenconstantlyexcitedandencouraged，andreligiousfanaticismhadinflamedmanypersonsofconsequenceinthecountry.Fromtheendof1796theVenetianSenatesecretlycontinueditsarmaments，andthewholeconductofthatGovernmentannouncedintentionswhichhavebeencalledperfidious，buttheonlyobjectofwhichwastodefeatintentionsstillmoreperfidious.TheSenatewastheirreconcilableenemyoftheFrenchRepublic.ExcitementwascarriedtosuchapointthatinmanyplacesthepeoplecomplainedthattheywerenotpermittedtoarmagainsttheFrench.TheAustriangeneralsindustriouslycirculatedthemostsinisterreportsrespectingthearmiesoftheSombre—et—MeuseandtheRhine，andthepositionoftheFrenchtroopsintheTyrol.Theseimpostures，printedinbulletins，werewellcalculatedtoinstigatetheItalians，andespeciallytheVenetians，toriseinmasstoexterminatetheFrench，whenthevictoriousarmyshouldpenetrateintotheHereditaryStates.
ThepursuitoftheArchdukeCharlesintotheheartofAustriaencouragedthehopeswhichtheVenetianSenatehadconceived，thatitwouldbeeasytoannihilatethefeebleremnantoftheFrencharmy，asthetroopswerescatteredthroughtheStatesofVeniceonthemainland.WherevertheSenatehadtheascendency，insurrectionwassecretlyfomented;wherevertheinfluenceofthepatriotsprevailed，ardenteffortsweremadetounitetheVenetianterrafirmatotheLombardRepublic.
Bonaparteskillfullytookadvantageofthedisturbances，andthemassacresconsequentonthem，toadopttowardstheSenatethetoneofanoffendedconqueror.HepublishedadeclarationthattheVenetianGovernmentwasthemoattreacherousimaginable.TheweaknessandcruelhypocrisyoftheSenatefacilitatedtheplanhehadconceivedofmakingapeaceforFranceattheexpenseoftheVenetianRepublic.OnreturningfromLeoben，aconquerorandpacificator，he，withoutceremony，tookpossessionofVenice，changedtheestablishedgovernment，and，masterofalltheVenetianterritory，foundhimself，inthenegotiationsofCampoFormio，abletodisposeofitashepleased，asacompensationforthecessionswhichhadbeenexactedfromAustria.Afterthe19thofMayhewrotetotheDirectorythatoneoftheobjectsofhistreatywithVenicewastoavoidbringinguponustheodiumofviolatingthepreliminariesrelativetotheVenetianterritory，and，atthesametime，toaffordpretextsandtofacilitatetheirexecution.
AtCampoFormiothefateofthisrepublicwasdecided.ItdisappearedfromthenumberofStateswithouteffortornoise.Thesilenceofitsfallastonishedimaginationswarmedbyhistoricalrecollectionsfromthebrilliantpagesofitsmaritimeglory.Itspower，however，whichhadbeensilentlyundermined，existednolongerexceptintheprestigeofthoserecollections.WhatresistancecouldithaveopposedtothemandestinedtochangethefaceofallEurope？
EndofTheMemoirsofNapoleon，V1，1797
byLouisAntoineFauveletdeBourrienneMemoirsofNapoleonBonaparte，V2
byLouisAntoineFauveletdeBourrienneHisPrivateSecretaryEditedbyR.W.PhippsColonel，LateRoyalArtillery1891
CONTENTS：
ChapterV.toChapterXIV.1798
CHAPTERV
1797.
Signatureofthepreliminariesofpeace——FallofVenice——MyarrivalandreceptionatLeoben——Bonapartewishestopursuehissuccess——
TheDirectoryopposeshim——HewishestoadvanceonVienna——MovementofthearmyoftheSombre—et—Mouse——Bonaparte’sdissatisfaction——
ArrivalatMilan——WetakeupourresidenceatMontebello——Napoleon’sjudgmentrespectingDandoloandMelzi.
IjoinedBonaparteatLeobenonthe19thofApril，thedayafterthesignatureofthepreliminariesofpeace.ThesepreliminariesresembledinnorespectthedefinitivetreatyofCampoFormio.ThestillincompletefalloftheStateofVenicedidnotatthattimepresentanavailablepreyforpartition.Allwasarrangedafterwards.WoetothesmallStatesthatcomeinimmediatecontactwithtwocolossalempireswagingwar！
HereterminatedmyconnectionwithBonaparteasacomradeandequal，andthoserelationswithhimcommencedinwhichIsawhimsuddenlygreat，powerful，andsurroundedwithhomageandglory.InolongeraddressedhimasIhadbeenaccustomedtodo.Iappreciatedtoowellhispersonalimportance.Hispositionplacedtoogreatasocialdistancebetweenhimandmenottomakemefeelthenecessityoffashioningmydemeanouraccordingly.Imadewithpleasure，andwithoutregret，theeasysacrificeofthestyleoffamiliarcompanionshipandotherlittleprivileges.Hesaid，inaloudvoice，whenIenteredthesalonwherehewassurroundedbytheofficerswhoformedhisbrilliantstaff，\"Iamgladtoseeyou，atlast\"——\"Tevoiladonc，enfin;\"，butassoonaswewerealonehemademeunderstandthathewaspleasedwithmyreserve，andthankedmeforit.IwasimmediatelyplacedattheheadofhisCabinet.
IspoketohimthesameeveningrespectingtheinsurrectionoftheVenetianterritories，ofthedangerswhichmenacedtheFrench，andofthosewhichIhadescaped，etc.\"Carethou’nothingaboutit，\"saidhe;
——[Heusedto’tutoyer’meinthisfamiliarmanneruntilhisreturntoMilan.]——
\"thoserascalsshallpayforit.Theirrepublichashaditsday，andisdone.\"Thisrepublicwas，however，stillexisting，wealthyandpowerful.
ThesewordsbroughttomyrecollectionwhatIhadreadinaworkbyoneGabrielNaude，whowroteduringthereignofLouisXIII.forCardinaldeBagin：\"DoyouseeConstantinople，whichflattersitselfwithbeingtheseatofadoubleempire;andVenice，whichgloriesinherstabilityofathousandyears？Theirdaywillcome.\"
InthefirstconversationwhichBonapartehadwithme，IthoughtIcouldperceivethathewasnotverywellsatisfiedwiththepreliminaries.HewouldhavelikedtoadvancewithhisarmytoVienna.Hedidnotconcealthisfromme.BeforeheofferedpeacetoPrinceCharles，hewrotetotheDirectorythatheintendedtopursuehissuccess，butthatforthispurposehereckonedontheco—operationofthearmiesoftheSambre—et—
MeuseandtheRhine.TheDirectoryrepliedthathemustnotreckononadiversioninGermany，andthatthearmiesoftheSambre—et—MeuseandtheRhinewerenottopassthatriver.Aresolutionsounexpected——
adeclarationsocontrarytowhathehadconstantlysolicited，compelledhimtoterminatehistriumphs，andrenouncehisfavouriteprojectofplantingthestandardoftherepublicontherampartsofVienna，oratleastoflevyingcontributionsonthesuburbsofthatcapital.