第51章
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  Recollections。RecollectionsofAbrahamLincoln。ByWardHillLamon。1911。

  Reminiscences。ReminiscencesofAbrahamLincoln,byDistinguishedMenofhisTime。EditedbyAllenThorndykeRice。1886。

  ReportoftheJointCommitteeonReconstruction,firstsession,Thirty-NinthCongress。

  Rhodes。HistoryoftheUnitedStatesfromtheCompromiseof1850。ByJamesFordRhodes。8vols。1893-1920。

  Riddle。RecollectionsofWarTimes。ByA。G。Riddle。1895。

  Schrugham。ThePeacefulAmericansof1860。ByMarySchrugham。

  1922。

  Schure。Speeches,CorrespondenceandPoliticalPapersofCarlSchure。SelectedandeditedbyFrederickBancroft。1913。

  Scott。MemoirsofLieutenantGeneralScott,LL。D。Writtenbyhimself。2vols。1864。

  Seward。WorksofWilliamH。Seward。5vols。1884。

  Sherman。MemoirsofWilliamT。Sherman。Byhimself。2vols。

  1886。ShermanLetters。

  LettersofJohnShermanandW。T。Sherman。EditedbyRachelShermanThorndike。1894。

  SouthernHistoricalSocietyPapers。

  Stephens。ConstitutionalViewoftheLateWarbetweentheStates。ByAlexanderH。Stephens。2vols。1869-1870。

  Stoddard。InsidetheWhiteHouseinWarTimes。ByWilliamO。

  Stoddard。1890。

  Stories。“Abe“Lincoln’sYarnsandStories。WithintroductionandanecdotesbyColonelAlexanderMcClure。1901。

  TheNewYorkSun。

  Swinton。CampaignsoftheArmyofthePotomac。ByWilliamSwinton。1866。

  Tarbell。TheLifeofAbrahamLincoln。ByIdaM。Tarbell。Newedition。2vols。1917。

  Thayer。TheLifeandLettersofJohnHay。ByWilliamRoscoeThayer。2vols。1915。

  TheNewYorkTimes。

  TheNewYorkTribune。

  Tyler。LettersandTimesoftheTylers。ByLyonG。Tyler。

  3vols。1884-1896。

  VanSantvoord。AReceptionbyPresidentLincoln。ByC。J。VanSantvoord。CenturyMagazine,Feb。,1883。

  Villard。MemoirsofHenryVillard。2vols。1902。

  Wade。LifeofBenjaminF。Wade。ByA。G。Riddle。1886。

  Warden。AccountofthePrivateLifeandPublicServicesofSalmonPortlandChase。ByR。B。Warden。1874。

  Welles。DiaryofGideonWelles。EditedbyJ。T。Morse,Jr。3

  vols。1911。

  White。LifeofLymanTrumbull。ByHoraceWhite。1913。

  Woodburn。TheLifeofThaddeusStevens。ByJamesAlbertWoodburn。1913。

  NOTES

  I。THECHILDOFTHEFOREST。

  1。Herndon,1-7,11-14;1,anon,13;N。andH。,1,23-27。

  ThisistheversionofhisoriginacceptedbyLincoln。HebelievedthathismotherwastheillegitimatedaughterofaVirginiaplanterandtracedtothatdoubtfulsource“allthequalitiesthatdistinguishedhimfromothermembers“ofhisimmediatefamily。Herndon,3。Hissecretariesaresilentuponthesubject。Recentlythestoryhasbeenchallenged。Mrs。

  CarolineHanksHitchcock,whoidentifiestheHanksfamilyofKentuckywithalostbranchofaNewEnglandfamily,hascollectedevidencewhichtendstoshowthatNancywasthelegitimatedaughterofacertainJosephH。Hanks,whowasfatherofJosephthecarpenter,andthatNancywasnottheniecebuttheyoungersisterofthe“uncle“whofiguresintheolderversion,themanwithwhomThomasLincolnworked。NancyandThomasappeartohavebeencousinsthroughtheirmothers。

  Mrs。HitchcockarguesthecasewithcareandabilityinalittlebookentitledNancyHanks。However,sheisnotaltogethersustainedbyW。E。Barton,ThePaternityofAbrahamLincoln。

  ScandalhasbusieditselfwiththeparentsofLincolninanotherway。Ithasbeenwidelyassertedthathewashimselfillegitimate。Avarietyofshamefulpaternitieshavebeenassignedtohim,somepalpablyabsurd。Thechiefargumentoftheloversofthisscandalwasoncethelackofaknownrecordofthemarriageofhisparents。AroundthisfactgrewupthestoryofamarriageofconcealmentwithThomasLincolnastheeasy-goingaccomplice。ThediscoveryofthemarriagerecordfixingthedateanddemonstratingthatAbrahammusthavebeenthesecondchildgavethisscandalitsquietus。N。andH。,1,23-24;Hanks,59-67;Herndon,5-6;LincolnandHerndon,321。

  ThelastimportantbookonthesubjectisBarton,ThePaternityofAbrahamLincoln。

  2。N。andH。,1-13。

  3。Lamon,13;N。andH。,1,25。

  4。N。andH。,1,25。

  5。Gore,221-225。

  6。Herndon,15。

  7。Gore,66,70-74,79,83-84,116,151-154,204,226-230,forallthisgroupofanecdotes。

  TheevidencewithregardtoalltheearlypartofLincoln’slifeispeculiarinthis,thatitisreminiscencenotwrittendownuntilthesubjecthadbecomefamous。Dogmaticcertaintywithregardtothedetailsisscarcelypossible。Thebestonecandoinweighinganyoftheversionsofhisearlydaysistoinquirecloselyastowhetherallitspartsbangnaturallytogether,whethertheyreallycohere。Thereisabodyofanecdotestoldbyanoldmountaineer,AustinGollaher,whoknewLincolnasaboy,andthesehavebeencollectedandrecentlyputintoprint。Ofcourse,theyarenot“documented“evidence。

  Somestudentsareforbrushingthemaside。Butthereisoneimportantargumentintheirfavor。Theyarecoherent;theboytheydescribeisarealpersonandhispersonalityissustained。Ifheisafictionandnotamemory,theoldmountaineerwasaliteraryartist——farmoretheartistthanonefindsiteasytobelieve。

  8。Gore,84-95;Lamon,16;Herndon,16。

  9。Gore,181-182,296,303-316;Lamon,19-20;N。andH。,I,28-29。

  II。THEMYSTERIOUSYOUTH。

  1。N。andH。,I,32-34。

  2。Lamon,33-38,51-52,61-63;N。andH。,1,34-36。

  3。N。andH。,1,40。

  4。Lamon,38,40,55。

  5。Reminiscences,54,428。

  III。AVILLAGELEADER。

  1。N。andH。,1,45-46,70-72;Herndon,67,69,72。

  2。Lamon,81-82;Herndon,75-76。

  3。Lincoln,1,1-9。

  4。Lamon,125-126;Herndon,104。

  5。Herndon,117-118。

  6。N。andH。,1,109。

  7。Stories,94。

  8。Herndon,118-123。

  9。Lamon,159-164;Herndon,128-138;Rankin,61-95。

  10。Lamon,164。

  11。Lamon,164-165;Rankin,95。

  IV。REVELATIONS。

  1。Riddle,337。

  2。Herndon,436。

  3。N。andH。,I,138。

  4。Lincoln,I,51-52。

  5。McClure,65。

  6。Herndon,184。185。

  7。Anon,172-183;Herndon,143-150,161;Lincoln,1,87-92。

  8。GossiphaspreservedamelodramatictalewithregardtoLincoln’smarriage。Itdescribesthebridetobe,waiting,arrayed,intenseexpectationdeepeningintoalarm;theguestsassembled,wondering,whilethehourappointedpassesbyandtheceremonydoesnotbegin;thefailureoftheprospectivebridegroomtoappear;thescatteringofthecompany,amazed,theirtongueswagging。Theexplanationofferedisanattackofinsanity。Herndon,215;I,anon,239-242。AsmightbeexpectedLincoln’ssecretarieswhoseehimalwaysinahalogivenohintofsuchanevent。Ithasbecomeacontroversialscandal。Isitafactoramyth?MissTarbellmadeherselfthechampionofthemythicalexplanationandcollectedagreatdealofevidencethatmakesithardtoacceptthestoryasafactTarbell,I,Chap。XI。Stilllateraverysanememoirist,HenryB。Rankin,whoknewLincoln,andisnotatallanapologist,takesthesameview。HismosteffectiveargumentisthatsuchaneventcouldnothaveoccurredinthelittlecountrytownofSpringfieldwithoutbecomingatthetimethecommonpropertyofallthegossips。Theevidenceisbewildering。Ifindmyselfunabletoacceptthedisappointedweddingguestsasestablishedfacts,eventhoughthelateststudentofHerndonhasnodoubts。

  LincolnandHerndon,321-322。ButwhetherthebrokenmarriagestoryistrueorfalsethereisnodoubtthatLincolnpassedthroughadesolatinginwardexperienceabout“thefatalfirstofJanuary“;thatitwasrelatedtothebreakingofhisengagement;andthatforatimehissufferingswereintense。

  TheletterstoSpeedarethesufficientevidence。Lincoln,I,175;182-189;210-219;240;261;267-269。Thepromptexplanationofinsanitymaybecastaside,oneofthosefoolishdelusionsofshallowpeopletowhomallabnormalconditionsareofthesamenatureasallothers。LincolnwrotetoanotedWesternphysician,DoctorDrakeofCincinnati,withregardtohis“case“——thatis,hisnervousbreakdown——andDoctorDrakerepliedbutrefusedtoprescribewithoutaninterview。Lamon,244。

  V。PROSPERITY。

  1。Carpenter,304-305。

  2。Lamon,243,252-269;Herndon,226-243,248-251;N。andH。,201,203-12。

  3。AgreatmanyrecollectionsofLincolnattempttodescribehim。Exceptinalargeandgeneralwaymostofthemshowthatlackofdefinitevisualizationwhichcharacterizesthememoriesofthecarelessobserver。Hisheight,hisbonyfigure,hisawkwardness,therudelychiseledfeatures,themysteryinhiseyes,thekindlinessofhisexpression,thesearetheelementsofthepopularportrait。Nowandthenacloserobserverhasaddedadetail。WitnessthemasterlycommentofWaltWhitman。

  Herndon’saccountofLincolnspeakinghastheearmarksofaccuracy。Theattemptbytheportraitpainter,Carpenter,torenderhiminwordsisquotedlaterinthisvolume。Carpenter,217-218。Unfortunatelyhewasneverpaintedbyanartistofgreatoriginality,byonewhowasequaltohisopportunity。Myauthorityforthetextureofhisskinisaladyofunusualclosenessofobservation,thelateMrs。M。T。W。CurwenofCincinnati,whosawhimin1861intheprivatecarofthepresidentoftheIndianapolisandCincinnatirailroad。AnexhaustivestudyoftheportraitsofLincolnisinpreparationbyMr。WinfredPorterTruesdell,whohasavaluablepaperonthesubjectinThePrintConnoisseur,forMarch,1921。

  4。Herndon,264。

  5。Ibid。

  6。Ibid。,515。

  7。AvitalquestiontothebiographerofLincolnisthecredibilityofHerndon。HehasbeenaccusedofcapitalizinghisrelationwithLincolnandproducingasensationalimageforcommercialpurposes。ThoughhisLifedidnotappearuntil1890

  whentheofficialworkofNicolayandHaywasinprint,hehadbeenlecturingandcorrespondinguponLincolnfornearlytwenty-fiveyears。The“sensational“firsteditionofhisLifeproducedastormofprotest。Thebookwaspromptlyrecalled,workedover,toneddown,andreissued“expurgated“in1892。

  SuchbiographersasMissTarbellappeartoregardHerndonasamereromancer。ThewellpoisedLincolnandHerndonrecentlypublishedbyJosephFortNewtonholdswhatIfeelcompelledtoregardasasounderview;namely,thatwhileHerndonwasattimesrecklessandattimesbiased,neverthelessheisinthemaintobereliedupon。

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