Tenyearsafterhewasfirmlyestablishedinpowerheenteredintoatreatywiththecolonialgovernment，andduringthetwentyyearswhichfollowednotasinglechargewaseverbroughtagainsteitherhimorhispeople；
onthecontrary，hisfaithfuladherencetothestipulatedprovisionselicitednumerousexpressionsofapprobationfromsuccessivegovernments。
Alategovernor，however，ofwhomitisimpossibletospeakwithoutrespect，inaparoxysmofgeneralshipwhichmighthavebeengood，haditnotbeentotallyinappropriatetothecase，setaboutconciliatingabandofrebelliousBritishsubjectsBoers，whomurderedtheHonorableCaptainMurray，byproclaimingtheirindependencewhilestillinopenrebellion，andnotonlyabrogatedthetreatywiththeGriquas，butengagedtostopthelong-accustomedsuppliesofgunpowderforthedefenseofthefrontier，andeventopreventthemfrompurchasingitfortheirowndefensebylawfultrade。
Ifithadbeennecessarytopreventsuppliesofammunitionfromfindingtheirwayintothecountry，asitprobablywas，onemightimaginethattheexceptionshouldnothavebeenmadeinfavorofeitherBoersorCaffres，ouropenly-avowedenemies；
but，nevertheless，theexceptionwasmade，andisstillcontinuedinfavoroftheBoers，whiletheBechuanasandGriquas，ourconstantfriends，aredebarredfromobtainingasingleounceforeitherdefenseortrade；indeed，suchwasthestateofignoranceastotherelationofthebordertribeswiththeEnglish，evenatCapeTown，thatthemagistrates，thoughwillingtoaidmyresearches，weresorelyafraidtoallowmetopurchasemorethantenpoundsofgunpowder，lesttheBechuanasshouldtakeitfrommebyforceAsitturnedout，IactuallyleftmorethanthatquantityforupwardoftwoyearsinanopenboxinmywagonatLinyanti。
ThelamentedSirGeorgeCathcart，apparentlyunconsciousofwhathewasdoing，enteredintoatreatywiththeTransvaalBoers，inwhicharticleswereintroducedforthefreepassageofEnglishtraderstothenorth，andfortheentireprohibitionofslaveryinthefreestate。
Thenpassedthe“gunpowderordinance“，bywhichtheBechuanas，whomalonetheBoersdareattempttoenslave，wererenderedquitedefenseless。
TheBoersneverattempttofightwithCaffres，nortosettleinCaffreland。
WestillcontinuetoobservethetreatyTheBoersneverdid，andneverintendedtoabidebyitsprovisions；for，immediatelyontheproclamationoftheirindependence，aslave-huntwasundertakenagainsttheBechuanasofSechelebyfourhundredBoers，underMrPeitScholz，andtheplanwasadoptedwhichhadbeencherishedintheirheartseversincetheemancipationoftheHottentotsThus，fromunfortunateignoranceofthecountryhehadtogovern，anableandsagaciousgovernoradoptedapolicyproperandwisehaditbeeninfrontofourenemies，butaltogetherinappropriateforourfriendsagainstwhomithasbeenappliedSuchanerrorcouldnothavebeencommittedbyamanoflocalknowledgeandexperience，suchasthatnobleofcolonialbirth，SirAndriesStockenstrom；andsuchinstancesofconfoundingfriendandfoe，intheinnocentbeliefoftherebypromotingcolonialinterests，willprobablyleadtheCapecommunity，thechiefpartofwhichbynomeansfeelsitsinteresttolieinthedegradationofthenativetribes，toasserttherightofchoosingtheirowngovernors。
This，withcolonialrepresentationintheImperialParliament，inadditiontothelocalself-governmentalreadysoliberallyconceded，wouldundoubtedlysecuretheperpetualunionofthecolonytotheEnglishcrown。
ManyhundredsofbothGriquasandBechuanashavebecomeChristiansandpartiallycivilizedthroughtheteachingofEnglishmissionaries。
MyfirstimpressionsoftheprogressmadewerethattheaccountsoftheeffectsoftheGospelamongthemhadbeentoohighlycolored。
IexpectedahigherdegreeofChristiansimplicityandpuritythanexistseitheramongthemoramongourselvesIwasnotanxiousforadeeperinsightindetectingshamsthanothers，butIexpectedcharacter，suchasweimaginetheprimitivediscipleshadandwasdisappointed。*
When，however，Ipassedontothetrueheatheninthecountriesbeyondthesphereofmissionaryinfluence，andcouldcomparethepeopletherewiththeChristiannatives，Icametotheconclusionthat，ifthequestionwereexaminedinthemostrigidlysevereorscientificway，thechangeeffectedbythemissionarymovementwouldbeconsideredunquestionablygreat。
*Thepopularnotion，however，oftheprimitiveChurchisperhapsnotveryaccurateThosesocietiesespeciallywhichconsistedofconvertedGentilesmenwhohadbeenaccustomedtothevicesandimmoralitiesofheathenismwerecertainlyanythingbutpureInspiteoftheirconversion，someofthemcarriedthestainsandvestigesoftheirformerstatewiththemwhentheypassedfromthetempletothechurchIftheinstructedandcivilizedGreekdidnotallatonceriseoutofhisformerself，andunderstandandrealizethehighidealofhisnewfaith，weshouldbecareful，injudgingoftheworkofmissionariesamongsavagetribes，nottoapplytotheirconvertstestsandstandardsoftoogreatseverity。
IfthescoffingLucian’saccountoftheimpostorPeregrinusmaybebelieved，wefindachurchprobablyplantedbytheapostlesmanifestinglessintelligenceeventhanmodernmissionarychurchesPeregrinus，anotoriouslywickedman，waselectedtothechiefplaceamongthem，whileRomishpriests，backedbythepowerofFrance，couldnotfindaplaceatallinthemissionchurchesofTahitiandMadagascar。
Wecannotfairlycomparethesepoorpeoplewithourselves，whohaveanatmosphereofChristianityandenlightenedpublicopinion，thegrowthofcenturies，aroundus，toinfluenceourdeportment；
butletanyonefromthenaturalandproperpointofviewbeholdthepublicmoralityofGriquaTown，Kuruman，Likatlong，andothervillages，andrememberwhatevenLondonwasacenturyago，andhemustconfessthattheChristianmodeoftreatingaboriginesisincomparablythebest。
TheGriquasandBechuanaswereinformertimescladmuchliketheCaffres，ifsuchawordmaybeusedwherethereisscarcelyanyclothingatall。
Abunchofleatherstringsabouteighteenincheslonghungfromthelady’swaistinfront，andapreparedskinofasheeporantelopecoveredtheshoulders，leavingthebreastandabdomenbare：
themenworeapatchofskin，aboutthesizeofthecrownofone’shat，whichbarelyservedforthepurposesofdecency，andamantleexactlylikethatofthewomenToassistinprotectingtheporesoftheskinfromtheinfluenceofthesunbydayandofthecoldbynight，allsmearedthemselveswithamixtureoffatandochre；
theheadwasanointedwithpoundedbluemicaschistmixedwithfat；
andthefineparticlesofshiningmica，fallingonthebodyandonstringsofbeadsandbrassrings，wereconsideredashighlyornamental，andfitforthemostfastidiousdandyNowthesesamepeoplecometochurchindecentthoughpoorclothing，andbehavewithadecorumcertainlysuperiortowhatseemstohavebeenthecaseinthetimeofMrSamuelPepysinLondon。
Sundayiswellobserved，and，eveninlocalitieswherenomissionarylives，religiousmeetingsareregularlyheld，andchildrenandadultstaughttoreadbythemoreadvancedoftheirownfellow-countrymen；andnooneisallowedtomakeaprofessionoffaithbybaptismunlessheknowshowtoread，andunderstandsthenatureoftheChristianreligion。
TheBechuanaMissionhasbeensofarsuccessfulthat，whencomingfromtheinterior，wealwaysfelt，onreachingKuruman，thatwehadreturnedtocivilizedlifeButIwouldnotgiveanyonetounderstandbythisthattheyaremodelChristianswecannotclaimtobemodelChristiansourselvesoreveninanydegreesuperiortothemembersofourcountrychurchesTheyaremorestingyandgreedythanthepoorathome；butinmanyrespectsthetwoareexactlyalike。
Onaskinganintelligentchiefwhathethoughtofthem，hereplied，“Youwhitemenhavenoideaofhowwickedweare；weknoweachotherbetterthanyou；somefeignbelieftoingratiatethemselveswiththemissionaries；someprofessChristianitybecausetheylikethenewsystem，whichgivessomuchmoreimportancetothepoor，anddesirethattheoldsystemmaypassaway；andtherest
aprettylargenumberprofessbecausetheyarereallytruebelievers。”
Thistestimonymaybeconsideredasverynearlycorrect。
ThereisnotmuchprospectofthiscountryeverproducingmuchofthematerialsofcommerceexceptwoolAtpresentthechiefarticlesoftradearekarossesormantles
theskinsofwhichtheyarecomposedcomefromtheDesert；
nexttothem，ivory，thequantityofwhichcannotnowbegreat，inasmuchasthemeansofshootingelephantsissedulouslydebarredentranceintothecountryAfewskinsandhorns，andsomecattle，makeuptheremainderoftheexportsEnglishgoods，sugar，tea，andcoffeearethearticlesreceivedinexchangeAllthenativesofthesepartssoonbecomeremarkablyfondofcoffeeTheacmeofrespectabilityamongtheBechuanasisthepossessionofcattleandawagon。
Itisremarkablethat，thoughtheselatterrequirefrequentrepairs，noneoftheBechuanashaveeverlearnedtomendthemForgesandtoolshavebeenattheirservice，andteacherswillingtoaidthem，but，beyondputtingtogetheracamp-stool，noefforthaseverbeenmadetoacquireaknowledgeofthetradesTheyobservemostcarefullyamissionaryatworkuntiltheyunderstandwhetheratireiswellweldedornot，andthenpronounceuponitsmeritswithgreatemphasis，buttheretheirambitionrestssatisfiedItisthesamepeculiarityamongourselveswhichleadsusinothermatters，suchasbook-making，toattaintheexcellenceoffault-findingwithoutthewittoinditeapage。
ItwasinvainItriedtoindoctrinatetheBechuanaswiththeideathatcriticismdidnotimplyanysuperiorityovertheworkman，orevenequalitywithhim。KurumanItsfineFountainVegetationoftheDistrict
RemainsofancientForestsVegetablePoison
TheBibletranslatedbyMrMoffatCapabilitiesoftheLanguage
ChristianityamongtheNativesTheMissionariesshouldextendtheirLaborsmorebeyondtheCapeColonyModelChristians
DisgracefulAttackoftheBoersontheBakwainsLetterfromSechele
DetailsoftheAttackNumbersofSchool-childrencarriedawayintoSlaveryDestructionofHouseandPropertyatKolobeng
TheBoersvowVengeanceagainstmeConsequentDifficultyofgettingServantstoaccompanymeonmyJourneyStartinNovember，1852
MeetSecheleonhiswaytoEnglandtoobtainRedressfromtheQueen
HeisunabletoproceedbeyondtheCapeMeetMrMacabeonhisReturnfromLakeNgamiThehotWindoftheDesert
ElectricStateoftheAtmosphereFlockofSwifts
ReachLitubarubaTheCaveLepeloleSuperstitionsregardingit
ImpoverishedStateoftheBakwainsRetaliationontheBoers
SlaveryAttachmentoftheBechuanastoChildren
HydrophobiaunknownDiseasesoftheBakwainsfewinnumber
YearlyEpidemicsHastyBurialsOphthalmiaNativeDoctors
KnowledgeofSurgeryataverylowEbbLittleAttendancegiventoWomenattheirConfinementsThe“ChildMedicine“SalubrityoftheClimatewelladaptedforInvalidssufferingfrompulmonaryComplaints。
ThepermanenceofthestationcalledKurumandependsentirelyonthefineever-flowingfountainofthatnameItcomesfrombeneaththetrap-rock，ofwhichIshallhavetospeakwhendescribingthegeologyoftheentirecountry；andasitusuallyissuesatatemperatureof72DegFahr。，itprobablycomesfromtheoldsilurianschists，whichformedthebottomofthegreatprimevalvalleyofthecontinent。
Icouldnotdetectanydiminutionintheflowofthisgushingfountainduringmyresidenceinthecountry；butwhenMrMoffatfirstattemptedasettlementhere，thirty-fiveyearsago，hemadeadamsixorsevenmilesbelowthepresentone，andledoutthestreamforirrigation，wherenotadropofthefountain-waterevernowflowsOtherparts，fourteenmilesbelowtheKurumangardens，arepointedoutashavingcontained，withinthememoryofpeoplenowliving，hippopotami，andpoolssufficienttodrownbothmenandcattleThisfailureofwatermustbechieflyascribedtothegeneraldesiccationofthecountry，butpartlyalsototheamountofirrigationcarriedonalongbothbanksofthestreamatthemissionstationThislattercircumstancewouldhavemoreweightwereitnotcoincidentwiththefailureoffountainsoverawideextentofcountry。