WewouldbeKinginMahren！\"
TheSaxonsthenhavetomarchforward；butwecanfancywithwhatawill。RutowskyflingsuphiscommandonthisOrder（letushope，fromrheumatismpartly），andgoeshome；leavingtheChevalierdeSaxetopresideinroomofhim。AsforPolastron，heproducesOrderfromBroglio，\"Iglaugot，returnstraightway；\"mustandwillcrossoverintoBohemiaagain；anddoes。Nay，theComtedeSaxehad，privatelyinhispocket，aCommissiontosupersedePolastron，andtakecommandhimself，shouldPolastronmakedifficultiesaboutturningback。PoorPolastronmadenodifficulties:MauriceandhevanishaccordinglyfromthisAdventure，andonlytheunwillingSaxonsremainwithFriedrich。PoorPolastron（\"apoorweakcreature，\"saysFriedrich，\"fitterforhisbreviarythananythingelse\"）fellsick，fromthehardshipsofcampaigning；andsoondied，inthoseBohemianparts。Mauriceisheardof，someweekshence，besiegingEger；——veryhandsomelycapturingEger:[19thApril，1742
（GuerredeBoheme，ii。78—65）。]——onwhichserviceBrogliohadorderedhimafterhisreturn。TheformerCommandantoftheSiege，notveryprogressive，hadjustdied；andBroglio，withreason（allthemoreforhislateMoravianprocedures）waspassionatetohavedonethere。OneofthefirstauspiciousexploitsofMaurice，thatofEger；whichpavedthewaytohisFrenchfortunes，andmoreorlesssublimeglories，inthisWar。Friedrichrecognizeshisingenuities，impetuosities，andsuperiortalentinwar；wrotehigh—flownLettersofpraises，nowandthen，inyearscoming；but，wemayguess，wouldhardlywishtomeetMauriceinthewayofjoint—stockbusinessagain。
FRIEDRICHSUBMERGESTHEMORAVIANCOUNTRIES；，BUTCANNOTBRUNN，WHICHISTHEINDISPENSABLEPOINT。
February19th，thesesadIglaumattersoncesettled，Friedrich，followedbytheSaxons，plungesforwardintoMoravia；
spreadshimselfoverthecountry，levyingheavycontributions，withstrictdisciplinenevertheless；intenttogetholdofBrunnanditsSpielberg，ifhecould。BrunnisthestrongplaceofMoravia；hasagarrisonof6or7，000；stillbetter，hasthevaliantRoth，whomweknewinNeisseonce，forCommandant:Brunnwillnotbehadgratis。
Schwerin，withaDetachmentof6，000horseandfoot，Posadowsky，Ziethen，SchmettauJuniorcommandingunderhim，hasdashedalongfarinthevan；towardsUpperAustria，throughtheTownofHorn，towardsViennaitself；levying，healso，heavycontributions，——withahandofiron，andnotmuchofagloveonit，aswejudge。
ThereisagrimenoughProclamation（inthenameofa\"frightfullyinjuredKaiser，\"aswellasKaiser’sAlly），stillextant，bearingSchwerin’ssignature，andthedate\"STEIN，26thFeb。1742。\"
[InHelden—Geschichte，ii。556。]SteinisontheDonau，amileortwofromKrems，andtwiceasfarfromMautern，wherethenowKaiserwasinAutumnlast。FortyandoddmilesshortofVienna:thisprovedthePisgahofSchwerininthatdirection，asithaddoneofKarlAlbert。Ziethen，withhisHussarscoursedsome20milesfarther，ontheViennaHighway；andgotthelengthofStockerau；asmallTown，notableslightly，eversince，asthePrussianNON—PLUS—ULTRAinthatline。
Meanwhile，PrinceLobkowitzisrallying；hasquittedBudweisandtheBohemianBogs，forsomecheckoftheseinsolences。Lobkowitz，rallyingtohimselfwhatViennaforcethereis，comes，nowingoodstrength，toWaidhofen（rearwardofHorn，farrearwardofSteinandStockerau），sothatZiethenandSchwerinhavetodrawhomewardagain。LobkowitzfortifieshimselfinWaidhofen；gathersMagazinesthere，asiftowardsweightierenterprises。Forindeedmuchisrallying，inadangerousmanner；andMoraviaisnowfarotherthanwhenFriedrichplannedthisExpedition。AndatVienna，25thFebruarylast，therewasheldSecretCouncil，and（muchtoRobinson’sregret）aquitehighResolutioncometo，——whichFriedrichgetstoknowof，anddoesnotforgetagain。
THESAXONSHAVENOCANNONFORBRUNN，CANNOTAFFORDANY；
THEREISAHIGHRESOLUTIONTAKENATVIENNA（February25th）:
FRIEDRICHQUITSTHEMORAVIANENTERPRISE。
FriedrichkeepshisHead—quarter，allthiswhile，closerandcloseruponBrunn。First，chieflyataTowncalledZnaim，ontheRiverTaya；many—branchedriver，drainingallthoseNorthwesternparts；
whichsendsitswideningwatersdowntoPresburg，——latterlyinjunctionwiththoseoftheMorawafromNorth，whichwashesOlmutz，drainstheNorthernandEasternparts，andgivestheCountryitsnameof\"Moravia。\"BrunnliesnortheastofFriedrich，whileinZnaim，somefiftymiles；theSaxonhead—quarterisatKromau，midwaytowardsthatCity。AfterZnaim，heshiftsinward，toSelowitz，stillinthesameTayaValley，butmuchnearerBrunn；
andtherecontinues。[AtZnaim，19thFebruary—9thMarch；
atSelowitz，13thMarch—5thApril（Rodenbeck，i。65）。]
StrivinghardforBrunn；strivinghard，underdifficulties，forsomanythingsdistantandnear；wemayfancyhimbusyenough；——andaresurprisedatthefractionsoflightJordanCorrespondencewhichhestillfindstimefor。PrettybitsofLetters，inproseanddoggerel，fromandtothoseMoravianVillages；Jordan，\"twiceaweek，\"bearingthemainweight；Friedrich，oftenerthanonecouldhope，flingingsomewordofanswer，——veryintentonBerlingossip，wecannotice。\"Vattelisstillhere，yourMajesty，\"
[OEuvres，xvii。163，&c。]insinuatesJordan:
——youngVattel，afterwardsoftheDROITDESGENS，whomhisMajestymighthavekept，butdidnot。——WhatmoreofyourD’Argens，then；
anythinginyourD’Argens？Friedrichwillask。\"Forcertain，D’ArgensisfullofESPRIT，\"answersJordan，inadexterousway；
andHowtheEffulgentofWurtemberg\"hasquarrelledoutrightwithherD’Argens，andwillnoteatoffsilver（D’ARGENT），lestshehavetonamehimbyaccident！\"——withothergossip，inafinebriefairyform，atwhichJordanexcels。Cheeringtherareleisurehour，inone’sTentatSelowitz，Pohrlitz，Irrlitz，faraway！——TherearealsoordersaboutCICEROandBooks。OfBusinessformostpart，orofprivatefeelings，nothing:Berlingossip，andBooksforone’sreading，arethestaple。Buttoreturn。
OutfromHead—quarters，diligentoperationsshootforth，farenough，alongthoseTaya—MorawaValleys，whereHungarian\"Insurgents\"arebeginningtobedangerous。SouthofBrunn，allroundBrunn，arediligentoperations，frequentskirmishings，constantstrictlevyingsofcontributions。Thesavingoperation，Friedrichwellsees，wouldbetogetholdofBrunn:but，unluckily，How？VigilantRothscornsallsummoning；salliescontinuallyinadangerousmanner；andatlength，whencloserpressed，burnsalltheVillagesroundhim:\"wecountedasmanyassixteenvillageslaidinashes，\"saysFriedrich。Hereissmallcomfortofoutlook。
AndthentheSaxons，atKromauorwherevertheymaybe:noendoftroubleandvexationwiththeseSaxons。Theirquartersarenotfairlyallotted，theysay；wemakeexchangeofquarters，withoutimprovementnoticeable。\"Onefineday，onsomeslightalarm，theycamerushingovertous，allinpanic；ruined，merelybyPandournoises，hadnotwemarchedthemback，andreinstatedthem。\"
FriedrichsendstoSilesiaforreinforcemmtsofhisown，whichhecandependupon。SendstoSilesia，toGlatzandtheYoungDessauer；
——naytoBrandenburgandtheOldDessauer？ultimately。FindingRothwouldnotyield，hehassenttoDresdenforSiege—Artillery:
PolishMajestythere，titular\"KingofMoravia，\"answersthathecannotmeettheexpenseofcarriage。\"Hehadjustpurchasedagreendiamondwhichwouldhavecarriedthemthitherandbackagain:\"
Whatcanbedonewithsuchaman？——Andbythistime，earlyinMarch，Hungarian\"MORIAMURPROREGE\"beginstoshowitself。
CloudsofHungarianInsurgents，oftheTolpatch，Pandoursort，mountovertheCarpathiansonus，allroundtheeast，fromsouthtonorth；andthreatentopenetrateSilesiaitself。SothatwehavetosweeplaboriouslytheMorawa—TayaValleys；andundertakefirstoneandthenanotheroutroad，orsharpswiftsally，againstthosetroublesomebarbarians。
Andmoreseriousstill，PrinceKarlandtheregularArmy，quickenedbysuchKhevenhuller—BarenklausuccessesintheDonauCountries，arebeginningtostir。PrinceKarl，returningfromViennaanditsconsultations，tookcommand，4thMarch；[Helden—
Geschichte，ii。557。]withwhomhascomeoldGrafvonKonigseck，anexperiencedheadtoadvisewith；PrinceKarlisinmotion，skirtingussouthward，aboutWaidhofen，whereLobkowitzlaywaitinghimwithMagazinesready。Rumorsays，theforceinthosepartsisalready40，000，withmoredailycomingin。Friedrichhasofhisown，apartfromtheSaxons，some24，000。PrinceKarl，withsomanyheavytroops，andwithunlimitedsupplyoflight，isverycapableofdoingmischief:hehasorders（andFriedrichnowknowsofit）Togoinuponus；——suchtheirdecisioninSecretCouncilatVienna，onthe25thofFebruarylast，Thathemustgoandfightus:——\"Betterwemethimwithfewerthrumsonourhands！\"thinksFriedrich；andbeckonstheOldDessaueroutofBrandenburgwithal。
\"Swift，yourSerenity；hitherwardwith20，000！\"WhichtheOldDessauer（having30，000topickfrom，lateCamp—of—Gottinpeople）
atoncesetsabout。Willbeasecurity，inanyevent！[Orlich，i。221:DateoftheOrder，\"13thMarch，1742。\"]TofinishwithBrunn，FriedrichhassentforSiege—Artilleryofhisown；heurgesChevalierdeSaxetoclosewithhimroundBrunn，andbatteritenergeticallyintoswiftsurrender。Isitnottheonethingneedful？ChevalierdeSaxeadmits，halfpromises；doesnotperform。
Beingagainurged，Whyhavenotyouperformed？heanswers，\"Alas，yourMajesty，hereareOrdersformetojoinMarshalBroglioatPrag，andretirealtogetheroutofthis！\"
\"Altogetheroutofit，\"thinksFriedrichtohimself:\"mayallthePowersbethanked！ThenItoo，withoutdisgrace，cangoaltogetheroutofit；——anditshallbeasharpeyethatseesmeinjoint—stockwithyouagain，M。leChevalier。\"FriedrichhaswritteninhisHISTORY，andValoriusedtohearhimoftensayinwords，Neverweretidingswelcomerthanthese，thattheSaxonswereabouttodeserthiminthismanner。Go:andmayalltheDevils——Butwewillnotfallintoprofaneswearing。ItispropertogetoutofthisEnterpriseatone’sbestspeed，andnevergetintothelikeofitagain！Friedrich（onthisstrangeSaxonrevelation，30thMarch）
takesinstantorderforassemblingatWischauagain，fordepartingtowardsOlmutz；thencehomewards，withdeliberatecelerity，bytheLandskronmountain—country，Tribau，Zwittau，Leutomischl，andthewayhecame。HehascountermandedhisSilesianreinforcements；
theseandtherestshallrendezvousatChrudiminBohemia；
whitherwardsthetwoDessauersarebound:——inBrunn，withitswreckedenvirons，famedSpielberglookingdownfromitsconicalheight，andsixteenvillagesinashes，Rothshalldohisownwayhenceforth。
TheSaxonspushedstraighthomewards；didnot\"rejoinBroglio，\"
rejoinanybody，——had，infact，donewiththisFirstSilesianWar，asitproved；andwerereadyfortheOPPOSITEside，onaSecondfallingout！Theirmarch，thistime，waslongandharassing，——sadbloodypassageinit，fromPandoursandhostileVillage—people，almostatstarting，\"fourCompaniesofourRear—guardcutdowntoninemen；Villageburnt，andVillagersexterminated（SIC），bytherescuingparty。\"[DetailsinHelden—Geschichte，ii。606；in&c。&c。]TheyarrivedatLeitmeritzandtheirownBorder，\"hardlyabove8，000effective。\"Naturally，inahighlyindignanthumor；andmuchdisposedtoblamesomebody。TothepoorPolishNON—MoravianMajesty，enlightenedbyhisBruhlsandStaff—
Officers，itbecameafixedtruththattheblamewasallFriedrich’s，——\"starvingus，marchingusabout！\"——thatFriedrich’sconducttouswasabominable，anddeservedfixedresentment。
Whichaccordinglyitgot，fromthesimplePolishMajesty，otherwiseagood—naturedcreature；——got，andkept。ToFriedrich’sverygreatastonishment，andtohisconsiderabledisadvantage，longafter！
Friedrich’slook，whenValorimethimagaincominghomefromthisMoravianFutility，was\"FAROUCHE，\"fierceanddark；hislaughbitter，sardonic；harshmockery，contemptandsuppressedrage，lookingthroughallhesaid。AproudyoungKing，gettinginstructedinseveralthings，bythestripesofexperience。LookinthatyoungPortraitbyPesne，thefullcheeks，andfinemouthcapableoftruculencewithal，thebrownotunusedtoknititself，andtheeyesflashingoutinsharpdiligentinspection，ofasomewhatcommandingnature。WecanfancythefaceveryimpressiveuponValoriinthesecircumstances。PoorValorihashaddreadfulwork；runningtoandfro，withhisequipagesbreaking，hisservantsfallingallsick，hisinvaluableD’Arget（Valori’schiefSecretary，whommark）quitedisabled；andValori’stroublesarenotdone。HehasbeentoPraglately；isreturningfutile，asusual。DrivingthroughtheMountainstorejoinFriedrich，hemeetsthePrussiansinretreat；
learnsthatthePandours，extremelyvoracious，areahead；thathehadbetterturn，andwaitforhisMajestyaboutChrudimintheElberegion，uponhighways，andwithinreachofPrag。
Friedrich，onthe5thofApril，isinfullmarchoutoftheMoravianCountries，——whicharenowgettingsubmergedindelugesofPandours；towardstheabove—saidChrudim，whereaboutshisMagazineslie，whereprivatelyheintendstowaitforPrinceKarl，andthatViennaOrderofthe25thFebruary，withhandsclearerofthrums。
Themarchgoesinpropercolumns，dislocations；PrinceDietrich，ontheright，withaseparateCorps，bentelse—whitherthantoChrudim，keepsoffthePandours。Amarchlaborious，mountainous，onroadsofsuchquality；but，exceptbaggage—difficultiesandthelike，nothingmaterialgoingwrong。\"Onthe13th[April]，wemarchedtoZwittau，overtheMountainofSchonhengst。ThepassageoverthisMountainisverysteep；butnotsoimpracticableasithadbeenrepresented；becausethecannonandwagonscanbedrawnroundthesidesofit。\"[Stille，p。86。]Yes；——andreadersmay（infancy）lookaboutthemfromthetop；forweshallgothisroadagain，sixteenyearshence；hardlyinhappiercircumstances！
FriedrichgetstoChrudim，April17th；theremeetstheYoungDessauerwithhisforces:byandbytheOldDessauer，too，comestoanInterviewthere（ofwhichshortly）。TheOldDessauer——his20，000
notwithhim，atthemoment，butrestingsomewaybehind，tillhereturn——istogoeastwardwithpartofthem；eastward，Troppau—
Jablunkaway，anddrivethosePandourInsurgenciestotheirownsideoftheMountains:ajobOldLeopoldlikesbetterthanthatoftheGottinCampoflastyear。Otherpartofthe20，000istoreinforceYoungLeopoldandtheKing，andgointocantonmentsand\"refreshment—quarters\"hereatChrudim。Here，livingonBohemia，withSilesiaattheirback，shalltheTroopsreposealittle；
andbereadyforPrinceKarl，ifhewillcomeon。ThatiswhatFriedrichlooksto，asthemainConsolationleft。
InMoravia，nowoverrunwithPandours，precursorsofPrinceKarl，hehasleftPrinceDietrichofAnhalt，ablestilltomaintainhimself，withOlmutzasHead—quarters，foracalculatedtermofdays:Dietrichis，withalldiligence，tocollectMagazinesforthatJablunka—TroppauService，andmarchthithertohisFatherwiththesame（cuttinghiswaythroughthosePandourswarms）；
andleavingMahrenasbareaspossible，forPrinceKarl’sbehoof。
AllwhichPrinceDietrichdoes，inagallant，soldier—like，prudentandvaliantmanner，——withdetailsofdangerwellfronted，ofpromptdexterity，ofdifficultyovercome；whichmightbeinterestingtosoldierstudents，iftherewereamongusanysuchspecies；
butcannotbedweltuponhere。Itisamarchof60or70miles（northeast，notnorthwestasFriedrich’shadbeen），throughcontinualPandours，perilsanddifficulties:——metintheduewaybyPrinceDietrich，whosetoilsandvalorshadbeenofdistinguishedqualityinthisMoravianBusiness。Takeoneexample，notofveryseriousnature（inthepresentMarchtoTroppau）:——
\"OLISCHAU，EVENINGOFAPRIL21st。JustasweweregettingintoOlischau[stillonlyintheenvironsofOlmutz]，theVanguardofPrinceKarl’sArmyappearedontheHeights。Itdidnotattack；
butretired，Olmutzway，forthenight。PrinceDietrich，notdoubtingbutitwouldreturnnextday，madethenecessarypreparationsovernight。Nothingofitreturnednextday；PrinceDietrich，therefore，inthenightofApril22d，pushedforwardhissick—wagons，meal—wagons，heavybaggage，peaceablytoSternberg；
and，atdawnonthemorrow，followedwithhisarmy，Cavalryahead，Infantrytorear；\"nothingwhateverhappening，——unlessthisbeakindofthing:——\"OurInfantryhadscarcelygotthelastbridgebrokendownafterpassingit，whentheroofsofOlischauseemedasitweretoblowup；theInhabitantssimultaneouslyseizingthatmoment，andfiring，withviolentdiligence，aprodigiousnumberofshotatus，——nooneofwhich，owingtotheirhurryandthedistance，tookanyeffect；\"[Stille，p。50。]butonlytestifiedwhattheirvaledictoryhumorwas。
Oragain——（Place，thistime，isUNGARISCH—BROD，nearGodingontheMoravian—HungarianFrontier，dateMARCH13th；oneofthoseswiftOutroads，againstInsurgentsor\"HungarianMilitias\"threateningtogather）:——……\"GodinqonourMoraviansideoftheBorder，andthenSkalitzontheirHungarian，beingthusfinished，wemakeforUngarisch—Brod，\"thenextnucleusofInsurgency。Andthereisthefollowingminutephenomenon，——fitforapicturesquehumanmemory:
\"Asthis，fromSkalitztoUngarisch—Brod，isalongmarch，andtheroadswerealmostimpassable，PrinceDietrichwithhisCorpsdidnotarrivetillafterdark。Sothat，havingsufficientlyblockedtheplacewithpartiesofhorseandfoot，hehad，inspiteofthick—fallingsnow，towaitundertheopenskyfordaylight。
Inwhichcircumstances，allthatwerenotonsentrylaydownontheirarms；\"sleptheartily，wehope；\"andtherewashalfanellofsnowonthem，whendaybroke。\"[BERICHTVONDERUNTERNEHMUNGDES
&c。（inSeyfarth，Beylage，i。p。508）。]
Whendaybroke，andtheyshookthemselvestotheirfeetagain，——totheastonishmentofUngarisch—Brod！……
Therehadbeenfinepassagesofarms，throughout，inthisBusiness，roundBrunn，intheMarchhome，andelsewhere；andFriedrichiswellcontentedwiththeconductofhismenandgenerals，——anddwellsafterwardswithevidentsatisfactiononsomeofthefeatstheydid。[Forinstance，TRUCHSESSVONWALDBURG’SfinebitofSpartanism（14thMarch，atLesch，nearBrunn，nearAUSTERLITZ
withal），whichwasmuchcelebrated；Kinghimself，fromSelowitz，heardthecannonading（Seyfarth，Beylage，
i。518—520）。Selchow’sfeat（ib。521）。Fouquet’s（thisistheCAPTAINFonquet，with\"MYtwocandles，Sir，\"oftheoldCustrin—
Prisontime；whoisdeartoFriedricheversince，andtotheend）:
\"AccountofFouquet’sGrenadierBattalion，toandatFulnek，January—April，1742（isinFeldzugederPreussen，i。176—184）；especiallyhisMarch，fromFulnek，homewards，partofPrinceDietrich’sthatway（inSeyfarth，Beylage，i。510—515）。Withvariousothers（inSEYFARTHandFELDZUGE）:wellworthreadingtillyouunderstandthem。]Iamsorrytosay，GeneralSchwerinhastakenpiqueatthispreferenceoftheOldDessauerfortheTroppauAnti—PandourOperation；andishomeinahuff:nottoreappearinactivelifeforsomeyearstocome。
\"TheLittleMarlborough，\"——sotheycallhim（forhewasatBlenheim，andhasabrupthotways），——willnotparticipateinPrinceKarl’sconsolatoryVisit，then！Betterso，thinksFriedrichperhaps（rememberingMollwitz）:\"ThisisthefreakofanimitationANGLAIS！\"sneershe，inmentioningittoJordan。——Friedrich’sSynopsisofthisMoravianFailureofanExpedition，inanswertoJordan’scuriosityaboutit，——curiosityimplied，notexpressedbythemodestJordan，ischaracteristic:——
\"Moravia，whichisaverybadCountry，couldnotbeheld，owingtowantofvictual；andtheTownofBrunncouldnotbetaken，becausetheSaxonshadnocannon；andwhenyouwishtoenteraTown，youmustfirstmakeaholetogetinby。Besides，theCountryhasbeenreducedtosuchastate:thattheEnemycannotsubsistinit，andyouwillsoonseehimleaveit。Thereisyourlittlemilitarylesson；IwouldnothaveyouatalosswhattothinkofourOperations；orwhattosay，shouldotherpeopletalkoftheminyourpresence！\"[FriedrichtoJordan（OEuvres，xvii。196），Chrudim，5thMay，1742。]
\"WinterCampaigns，\"saysFriedrichelsewhere，muchinearnest，andlookingbackonthisthinglongafterwards，\"WinterCampaignsarebad，andshouldalwaysbeavoided，exceptincasesofnecessity。
ThebestArmyintheworldisliabletoberuinedbythem。ImyselfhavemademoreWinterCampaignsthananyGeneralofthisAge；
buttherewerereasons。Thus:——
\"In1740，\"WinterCampaignwhichwesaw，\"therewerehardlyabovetwoAustrianregimentsinSilesia，atKarlVI。’sdeath。
BeingdeterminedtoassertmyrighttothatDuchy，Ihadtotryitatonce，inwinter，andcarrythewar，ifpossible，totheBanksoftheNeisse。HadIwaitedtillspring，wemusthavebegunthewarbetweenCrossenandGlogau；whatwasnowtobegainedbyonemarchwouldthenhavecostusthreeorfourcampaigns。Asufficientreason，this，forcampaigninginwinter。
\"IfIdidnotsucceedintheWinterCampaignof1742，\"Campaignwhichwehavejustgotoutof，\"whichImadewithadesigntodelivertheElectorofBavaria’sCountry，thenoverrunbyAustria，itwasbecausetheFrenchactedlikefools，andtheSaxonsliketraitors。\"Markthatdeliberateopinion。
\"In1745—46，\"WinterCampaignwhichweexpecttosee，\"theAustrianshavinggotSilesia，itwasnecessarytodrivethemout。
TheSaxonsandtheyhadformedadesigntoentermyHereditaryDominions，todestroythemwithfireandsword。Iwasbeforehandwiththem。IcarriedtheWarintotheheartofSaxony。\"
[MILITARYINSTRUCTIONSWRITTENBY&c。\"translatedhyanOfficer\"
（London，1762），pp。171，172。Oneofthebest，oraltogethertbebest，ofFriedrich’sexcellentlittleBookswrittensuccessively（thrice—PRIVATE，couldtheyhavebeenkeptso）fortheinstructionofhisOfficers。IstobefoundnowinOEuvresdeFrederic，xxviii。（thatisvol。i。ofthe
\"OEuvresMilitaires，\"whichoccupy3vols。）pp。4
etseqq。]
Digestingmanybitter—enoughthoughts，FriedrichhascantonedaboutChrudim；expecting，ingrimcomposedhumor，theoneConsolationtherecannowbe。February25th，asreaderswellknow，theMajestyofHungaryandherAulicCouncilhaddecided，\"Onestrokemore，OExcellencyRobinson；oneBattlemoreforourSilesianjewelofthecrown！Ifbeaten，wewillthengiveitup；oh，nottillthen！\"
RobinsonandHyndford，——imaginationmayfaintlyrepresenttheirfeelings，onthewilfuldownbreakofKlein—Schnellendorf；orwhatclamorandurgencytheMajestyofBritainandtheyhavebeenmakingeversince。Buttheycouldcarryitnofurther:\"Onestrokemore！\"
AtChrudim，andtotherightandtheleftofit，sprinkledaboutinlong，verythin，ellipticshape（thirtyorfortymileslong，butcapableofcoalescing\"withineight—and—fortyhours\"），thereliesFriedrich:theElbeRiverisbehindhim；beyondElbearehisMagazines，atKonigsgratz，Nimburg，Podiebrad，Pardubitz；theGiantMountains，andworldofBohemianHills，closing—inthebackground，faroff:thatishisposition，ifreaderswillconsulttheirMap。
TheconsolatoryVisit，heprivatelythinks，cannotbetillthegrasscome；thatis，nottillJune，twomonthshence；buttherealsohewasalittlemistaken。
ChapterXI。
NUSSLERINNEISSE，WITHTHEOLDDESSAUERANDWALRAVE。
TheOldDessauerwithpartofhis20，000，——aidedbyBoyDietrich（KNABE，\"KnaveDietrich，\"asonemightfondlycallhim）andtheMoravianMeal—wagons，——accomplishedhisTroppau—JablunkaProblemperfectlywell；cleaningtheMountains，andkeepingthemclean，ofthatPandourrabble，ashewasthemantodo。NorwouldhisExpeditionrequirementioningfarther，——wereitnotforsomeslightpassagesofapurelyBiographicalcharacter；firstofall，forcertainrubswhichbefellbetweenhisMajestyandhim。Forexample，once，beforethatInterviewatChrudim，justonenteringBohemiathitherward，OldLeopoldhadseengoodtoalterhismarch—route；
and——onbetterinformation，ashethoughtit，whichprovedtobeworse——hadtakenaroadnotprescribedtohim。Hearingofwhich，Friedrichreinshimupintotherightcourse，inthissharpmanner:——
\"CHRUDIM，21stAPRIL。IamgreatlysurprisedthatyourSerenity，asanoldOfficer，doesnotmoreaccuratelyfollowmyorderswhichI
giveyou。IfyouwereskilfulerthanCaesar，anddidnotwithstrictaccuracyobservemyorders，allelsewereofnohelptome。
Ihopethisnotice，onceforall，willbeenough；andthatintimecomingyouwillgivenofarthercausestocomplain。\"[KingtoFurstLeopold（Orlich，i。219—221）。]
Friedrich，ontheirmeetingatChrudim，wasthesamemanasever。
ButtheoldSonofGunpowderstoodtaciturn，rigorous，inmilitarybusinessattitude，intheKing’spresence；hadnotforgottenthepassage；andindeedhekeptitinmindforlongmonthsafter。
AndduringallthisOber—Schlesientime，hadthehiddengrudgeinhisheart；——doinghisday’sworkwithscrupulouspunctuality；
allthemorescrupulous，theysay。Friedrichtried，privatelythroughLeopoldJunior，someslighttouchesofassuagement；
butwithouteffect；andlefttheSeniortoTime，andtohisownmethodsofcoolingagain。
BesidesthatofkeepingdownHungarianEnterprisesintheMountains，OldLeopoldhad，aswouldappear，totakesomegeneralsuperintendenceinOber—Schlesien；andespeciallylooksafterthenewFortification—workgoingoninthoseparts。WhichlatterfunctionbroughthimoftentoNeisse，andintocontactwiththeuglyWalrave，Engineer—in—Chiefthere。Amucholderandmuchworthieracquaintanceofours，HerrBoundary—CommissionerNussler，happensalsotobeinNeisse；——waitingforthoseSaxonGentlemen；
whoareunpunctualtoadegree，andnevercome（norinfacteverwill，ifNusslerknewit）。LuckilyNusslerkeptaNotebook；andBuschingultimatelygotit，condensedit，printedit；——whereby（whatisrare，intheseDryasdustlabyrinths，inanespectralitiesandcinder—mountains）thereissuddeneyesightvouchsafed；
andwediscernveritably，faroff，broughtfacetofaceforaninstant，thisandthat！Imusttranslatesomepassages，——stillfarthercondensed:——
HOWNUSSLERHAPPENEDTOBEINNEISSE，MAY，1742。
NusslerhadbeeninthisCountry，offandon，almostsinceChristmaslast；readyhere，iftheSaxonshadbeenready。AstheSaxonswerenotready，andalwaysbroketheirappointment，NusslerhadgoneintotheMountains，topasstimeusefully，andtakepreliminaryviewoftheground……\"FromBerlin，20thDecember，1741；byBreslau，\"——wheresomepauseandcorrespondence；——\"thenceon，Neisseway，asfarasLowen[sowellknowntoFriedrich，thatMollwitznight！]。FromBerlintoLowen，Nusslerhadcomeinacarriage:butastherewasmuchsnowfalling，heheretookacoupleofsledges；inwhich，alongwithhisattendants，heproceededsomefiftymiles，toJauernik，astagebeyondNeisse，tothesouthwest。JauernikisalittleTownlyingatthefootofaHill，onthetopofwhichistheSchlossofJohannisberg。Hereitbegantorain；andthegettinguptheHill，onsledges，wasadifficultmatter。TheDROST[Steward]ofthisCastlewasaNoblemanfromBrunswick—Luneburg；who，forthesakeofamarriageandthisDrostshipfordowry，hadchangedfromProtestanttoRomanCatholic，\"——poorsoul！\"Hiswifeandhewereverypolite，andshowedNussleragreatdealofkindness。
NusslerremarkedontheleftsideofthisJohannisberg，\"westernsideagoodfewmilesoff，\"thepasswhichleadsfromGlatztoUpperandLowerSchlesien，\"——wherethereadertoohasbeen，inthatBAUMGARTENSKIRMISH，ifhecouldrememberit，——\"withalittleBlock—houseinthebottom，\"andnodoubtPrussiansoldiersinitatthemoment。\"Nussler，intentalwaysontheuseful，didnotinstitutepicturesquereflections；butconsideredthathisKingwouldwishtohavethisPassandBlock—house；anddeterminedprivately，thoughitperhapslayratherbeyondtheboundary—mark，thathisMastermusthaveitwhenthebargainingshouldcome……
\"OnthehomewardsurveyoftheseBorders，NusslerarrivedatSteinau[littleVillagewithSchloss，whichwesawonce，onthemarchtoMollwitz，andhowaccidentoffiredevoureditthatnight]，andatsightoftheburntSchlossstandingblackthere，herememberedwithgreatemotiontheStoryofGrafinvonCallenberg[deadsince，withherpistolsandbrandy—bottle]andoftheGrafin’sDaughter，inwhichhehadbeenconcernedasamuch—
interestedwitness，inoldtimes……Fortherest，thejourney，amidiceandsnow，wasnotonlytroublesomeintheextreme，buthegotalife—longgoutbyit[andnoprofittospeakof]；
havingsunk，once，onthinice，sledgeandhe，intoahalf—frozenstream，andgotwettedtotheloins，splashingaboutinsuchcoldmanner，——happilynotquitedrowned。\"TheindefatigableNussler；
workingstill，likeaveryartist，whereverbidden，onwagesmiraculouslylow。
TheSaxonGentlemennevercame；——privatelytheSaxonswerequiteofffromtheSilesianbargain，andfromFriedrichaltogether；——sothatthisbordersurveyofNussler’scametonothing，onthepresentoccasion。ButitservedhimandFriedrichwell，onanewboundary—settling，whichdidtakeeffect，andwhichholdstothisday。Nussler，duringtheseoperations，andvainwaitingsfortheSaxons，hadNeisseforhead—quarters；and，goingandreturning，wasmuchaboutNeisse；Walrave，Marwitz（FatherofWilhelmina’sbaggageMarwitz），FeldmarschallSchwerin（inearlierstages），andotherhighfigures，beingprominentinhiscirclethere。
\"TheoldPrinceofDessaucamethither:forsomedays。[Busching，Beitrage，i。347（beginningofMayasweguess，butthereisnodategiven）。]HewasverygracioustoNussler，whohadbeenathisCourt，andknownhimbeforethis。
TheOldDessauermadeuseofWalrave’sPlate；usuallyhadWalrave，Nussler，andotherprincipalfigurestodinner。Walrave’sPlate，everypieceofit，wascarefullymarkedwithaRAVENontherim，——
thatbeinghiscrest[\"Wall—raven\"hisname]:OldDessauer，atsightofsomanyimagesofthatbird，threwouttheobservation，loudenough，fromthetopofthetable，’Hah，Walrave，IseeyouaremakingyourselfacquaintedwiththeRAVENSintime，thattheymaynotbestrangetoyouatlast，’\"——whentheycometoeatyouonthegibbet！（notasofttongue，theOldDessauer’s）。\"Anotherday，seeingWalraveseatedbetweentwoJesuitGuests，thePrincesaid:
’Ah，thereyouareright，Walrave；thereyousitsafe；theDevilcan’tgetyouthere！’AsthePrincekeptcontinuallybanteringhiminthisstrain，Walravedeterminednottocome；sulkilyabsentedhimselfoneday:butthePrincesenttheORDINANZ（Soldierinwaiting）tofetchhim；norefugeinsulks。
\"TheyhadRoman—CatholicvictualforWalraveandothersofthatfaith，onthemeagre—days；butWalraveeatrightbeforehim，——
evidentlynothingbutthenameofCatholic。Indeed，hewasamanhatedbytheCatholics，forhisspecialrapacityonthem。’Heisofnoreligionatall，’saidtheCatholicPrelateofNeisse，oneday，toNussler；（greedytoplundertheMonasterieshere；haswrunggold，silveraudjewelsfromthem，——nayfromthePopehimself，——bythreateningtoturnProtestant，andusetheMonasteriesstillworse。AndthePope，hearingofthis，hadtosendhimavaluableGift，whichyoumayseesomeday。’Nusslerdid，oneday，seethispreciosity:aCrucifix，ebonyborderedwithgold，andtheBodyallofthatmetal，onthesmallestofaltars，——inWalrave’sbedroom。
ButitwasthebedroomitselfwhichNusslerlookedatwithashudder，\"Nusslerandwe:\"inthemiddleofitstoodWalrave’sownbed，onhisrighthandthatofhisWife，andonhisleftthatofhisMistress:\"——abrutishpolygamousWalrave！\"ThisMistresswasacertainQuarter—Master’sWife，\"——Quarter—Masterwilling，itisprobable，togetridofsuchanarticlegratis，muchmoreontermsofprofit。\"WalravehadbeggedforhimtheTitleofHofrathfromKingFriedrich，\"——which，thoughitwasbutaclippingofribboncontemptibletoFriedrich，andthebruteofanEngineerhadexcellenttalentsinhisbusiness，IratherwishFriedrichhadrefusedinthisinstance。Buthedidnot；\"heansweredingibingtone，’IgrantyoutheHofrathTitleforyourQuarter—Master；
thinkingitbutfitthataGeneral’s’——Whatshallwecallher？
（Friedrichusesthedirectword）——’shouldhavesomehandletohername。’\"[Busching，Beitrage，i。343—348。]
ItwasthisMistress，oneishappytoknow，thatultimatelybetrayedtheunbeautifulWalrave，andbroughthimtoMagdeburgfortherestofhislife。——AndnowletusovertheMountains，toChrudimagain；ahundredandfiftymilesatonestep。
ChapterXII。
PRINCEKARLDOESCOMEON。
ItwasbeforethemiddleofMay，notofJuneasFriedrichhadexpected，thatseriousnewsreachedChrudim。May11th，fromthatplace，thereisaLettertoJordan，whichforoncehasnoverse，nobanteringinit:PrinceKarlactuallycomingon；Hussarprecursors，inquantity，stealingacrosstoattackourMagazinesbeyondElbe；——
andinconsequence，Ordersareoutthisveryday:\"Cantonments，cease；immediaterendezvous，andEncampmentatChrudimhere！\"
Whichtakeseffecttwodayshence，Monday，13thMay:oneofthefinestsightsStilleeversaw。\"HisMajestyrodetoaheight；
youneverbeheldsuchascene:brightcolumns，footandhorse，streaminginfromeverypointofthecompass，theircleararmsglitteringinthesun；lostnowinsomehollow，thenemerging，windingoutwithlong—drawnglitteragain；tillatlengththeirblueuniformsandactualfacescomehometoyou。Nearupon30，000
ofallarms；trimexact，ofstoutandsilentlygood—humoredaspect；
wellrested，bythistime；——likelyfellowsfortheirwork，whowilldoitwithawill。TheKingseemedtobeaffectedbysogloriousaspectacle；and，whatIadmired，hisMajesty，thoughfatigued，wouldnotrestsatisfiedwithreportsordistantview，butpersonallymadethetourofthewholeCamp，toseethateverythingwasright，andpostedthepicketshimselfbeforeretiring。\"[Stille，p。57
（orLetterX。）。]
PrinceKarl，sincewelastheardofhim，hadhungaboutintheBrunnandotherMoravianregions，rallyinghisforces，pushingoutCroatpartiesuponPrinceDietrich’shome—march，andthelike；veryilloffforfood，fordraught—cattle，inawastedCountry。SothathehadsoonquittedMahren；madeforBudweisandneighborhood:——
dangeroustoBroglio’soutpoststhere？Toa\"CastleofFrauenberg，\"
acrosstheMoldaufromBudweis；whichisBroglio’sbulwarkthere，andhascostBrogliomuchrevictualling，reinforcing，andflurryforthelasttwomonths。PrinceKarldidnotmeddlewithBrauenberg，orBroglio，onthisoccasion；leavesLobkowitz，withsomeReserve—party，hoveringaboutinthoseparts；——andhimselfadvances，byTeutschbrod（wellknowntothepoorretreatingSaxonslatcey！）towardsChrudim，onhisgrandProblem，thatof25thFebruarylast。Cautiously，nottoowillingly，oldKonigseckandhe。
ButtheywereinflexiblyurgedtoitbytheHeadsatVienna；
who，whatwiththeirBavariansuccesses，whatwiththeirMoravianandother，hadgotintoahighkey；——andscornedthenotionof\"Peace，\"whenHyndford（gettingFriedrich’spermission，inthelateChrudiminterval）hadurgeditagain。[Orlich，i。226。]
Broglioisinboundlessflurry；nothingbutspectresofattackloominginfromKarl，fromKhevenhuller，fromeverybody；andEgerhardlyyetgot。[19thApril（GuerredeBoheme，ii。77—81。]Finereinforcement，25，000underaDued’Harcourt；thisandothergoodoutlooksthereare；butitistheterriblealonethatoccupyBroglio。Andindeedthepoorman——
especiallyeversincethatMoravianBusinesswouldnotthriveinspiteofhim——isnottobecalledwelloff！Friedrichandheareincorrespondence，bynomeansmutuallypleasant，onthePrince—Karlphenomenon。\"EvidentlyintendingtowardsPrag，yourMajestyperceives！\"thinksBroglio。\"IfnottowardsChrudim，firstofall，whichis80milesnearerhim，onhisrodetoPrag！\"urgesFriedrich，atthisstage:\"HelpmewithafewregimentsinthisChrudimCircle，lestIprovetooweakhere。IsnotthisthebulwarkofyourPragjustnow？\"Invain；Broglio（whoindeedhasordersthatway）cannotspareaman。\"Verywell，\"thinksFriedrich；
andhasgirdeduphisownstrengthfortheChrudimphenomenon；
butdoesnotforgetthisnewillustrationoftheJoint—StockPrinciple，andtheadvantagesofBroglioPartnership。
Friedrich’sbeautifulEncampmentatChrudimlastedonlytwodays。
PrecursorTolpatcheries（and，infact，PrinceKarl’sVanguard，ifweknewit）comestormingabout，riferandrifer；attemptingtheBridgeofKolin（roadtoourMagazines）；attemptingthisandthat；
meaningtogetbetweenusandPrag；and，whatisworse，toseizetheMagazines，Podiebrad，Nimburg，whichwehaveinthatquarter！
Tuesday，May15th，accordingly，Friedrichhimselfgetsonmarch，withastrongswiftVanguard，horseandfoot（grenadiers，hussars，dragoons），Prag—ward，——probablyasfarasKuttenberg，afinehigh—
lyingpost，whichcommandsthoseKodinparts；——willmarchwithdespatch，andseehowthatmatteris。ThemainArmyistofollowunderLeopoldofAnhalt—Dessauto—morrow，Wednesday，\"sosoonastheirloaveshavecomefromKonigsgratz，\"——for\"anArmygoesonitsbelly，\"saysFriedrichoften。Loavesdonotcome，owingtoevilchance，onthisoccasion:Leopold’speople\"takemealinstead；\"
butwillfollow，nextmorning，allthesame，accordingtobidding。
ReadersmayaswelltaketheirMap，andaccompanyinthesemovements；whichissueinanotableconclusivething。
Tuesdaymorning，15thMay，FriedrichmarchesfromChrudim；onwhichsamemorningofthe15th，PrinceKarl，steadilyontheadvancehetoo，isstarting，——andtowardsthesamepoint，——fromaplacecalledChotieborz，onlyfifteenmilestosouthwardofChrudim。Inthisway，mutuallyunaware，butPrinceKarlgettingsoonestaware，theVanguardsoftheTwoArmies（PrinceKarl’sVanguardbeinginmanybranches，ofTolpatchnature）arecastathwarteachother；
andmake，bothtoFriedrichandPrinceKarl，anenigmaticbusinessofitforthenexttwodays。Tuesday，15th，Friedrichmarchingalong，vigilantlyobservantonbothhands，somefifteenmilesspace，camethateveningtoaVillagecalledPodhorzan，withHeightnearby；[Stille，pp。60，61。]Heightwhichhejudgedunattackable，andonthesideofwhichhepitcheshiscampaccordingly，——himselfmountingtheHeighttolookfornews。Newssureenough:
there，southofusontheheightsofRonnow，threeorfourmilesoff，aretheEnemy，campedorpickeeringabout，7or8，000aswejudge。Lobkowitz，surelynotLobkowitz？Hehasbeenglidingabout，ontheFrenchoutskirts，farinthesouthwestlately:canthisbeLobkowitz，abouttojoinPrinceKarlintheseparts？——Truly，yourMajesty，thisisnotLobkowitzatall；thisisPrinceKarl’sVanguard，andPrinceKarlhimselfactuallyinitforthemoment，——
anxiouslytakingviewofyourVanguard；recognizing，andadmittingtohimself，\"Pooh，theywillbeatKuttenbergbeforeus；nouseinhastening。Head—quartersatWillimowto—night；hereatRonnowto—morrow:thatisallwecando！\"[Orlich，i。233。]
To—morrow，16thMay，beforesunriseatPodhorzan，thesupposedLobkowitziscleanvanished:thereisnoEnemyvisibletoFriedrich，atRonnoworelsewhere。LeavingFriedrichinconsiderableuncertainty:clearonlythatthereareEnemiescopiouslyabout；thathehimselfwillholdonforKuttenberg；
thatyoungLeopoldmustgethitherward，withsteadycelerityatthetopofhiseffort，——partsofthegroundbeingdifficult；especiallyamuddyStream，calledDobrowa，whichhasonlyoneBridgeonitfitforartillery，theBridgeofSbislau，amileortwoaheadofthis。
InstructionsaresentLeopoldtothateffect；andfartherthatLeopoldmustquarterinCzaslau（asubstantiallittleTown，withbogsaboutit，andmilitaryvirtues）；and，onthewhole，keepclosetoheelofus，theEnemyinforcebeingnear，Uponwhich，hisMajestypushesonforKuttenberg；PrinceLeopoldfollowingwithbestdiligence，accordingtoProgram。HisMajestypassedalittleplacecalledNeuhofthatafternoon（Wednesday，16thMay）；
andencampedashortwayfromKuttenberg，behindornorthofthatTown，——outofwhich，onhisapproach，therefledaconsiderablecloudofAustrianIrregulars，and\"leftalargebakingofbread。\"
Breadjustaboutreadytotheirorder，andcominghotoutoftheovens；whichwasverywelcometohisMajestythatnight；andwillyieldrefreshment，partialrefreshment，nextmorning，toPrinceLeopold，nottoocomfortableonhismeal—dietjustnow。
PoorPrinceLeopoldhadhisowndifficultiesthisday；roughground，verydifficulttopass；andcomingontheHeightofPodhorzanwherehisMajestywasyesterday，LeopoldseescrowdsofHussars，needingacannon—shotortwo；seesevidentsymptoms，tosouthward，thatthewholeForceoftheEnemyisadvancinguponhim！
\"Speed，then，forSbislauBridgeyonder；acrosstheDobrowa，withourArtillery—wagons，orwearelost！\"PrinceKarl，withHussar—
partiesallabout，isfullyawareofPrinceLeopoldandhismovements，andisrollingon，Ronnow—wardallday，tocuthimoff，inhisdetachedstate，ifpossible。PrinceKarlmight，withease，havebrokenthisDobrowaBridge；andLeopoldandmilitarymenrecognizeitasacapitalneglectthathedidnot。
Leopold，overloadedwithsuchintricaciesandanxieties，sendsoffthreemessengers，Officersofmark（SchmettauJunioroneofthem），toapprisetheKing:theOfficersreturn，unabletogetacrosstohisMajesty；Leopoldsendsproperdetachmentofhorsewiththem，——
uncertainstillwhethertheywillgetthrough。Andnightisfalling；weshallevidentlybetoolateforgettingCzaslau:
wellifwecanoccupyChotusitzandtheenvirons；asmallclayHamlet，threemilesnearerus。Itwas11atnightbeforetherear—
guardgotintoChotusitz:Czaslau，threemilessouthofus，wecannotattendtotillto—morrowmorning。[Orlich，pp。236—239。]
Andthethreemessengers，despatchedwithescort，sendbacknoword。HavetheyevergottohisMajesty？Leopoldsendsoffafourth。Thisfourthonedoesgetthrough；reportstohisMajesty，That，byallappearance，therewillbeBattleonthemorrowearly；
thatnotCzaslau，butonlyChotusitzisours；andthatInstructionsarewanted。Deepinthenight，thisfourthmessengerreturns；
awelcomeawakeningforPrinceLeopold；whostudieshisMajesty’sInstructions，andwillmakehisdispositionsaccordingly。
Itis2or3inthemorning，[Ib。p。238。]inLeopold’sCamp，——
Bivouacrather，withitsfacetothesouth，andChotusitzahead。
Thursday，17thMay，1742；afuriouslyimportantDayabouttodawn。
HighProblemofthe23thFebruarylast；BritannicMajestyandhisHyndfordsandRobinsonsvainlyprotesting:——ithadtobetried；
HungarianMajestyhavinggot，fromBritannic，thesinewsfortryingit:andthisistobetheDay。
ChapterXIII。
BATTLEOFCHOTUSITZ。
Kuttenberg，Czaslau，ChotusitzandalltheseotherplaceslieinwhatiscalledtheValleyoftheElbe，butwhattotheeyehasnottheleastappearanceofahollow，butofanextensiveplainrather，dimpledhereandthere；and，ifanything，ratherslopingFROMtheElbe，——wereitnotthatdullbushlessbrooks，oneortwo，saunteringtoNORTHward，notsouthward，warnyouofthecontrary。
Conceiveaflattractofthiskind，somethreeorfourmilessquare，withCzaslauonitssouthernborder，Chotusitzonitsnorthern；flanked，onthewest，byastraggleofLakelets，pondsandquagmires（whichinourtimearedrainedaway，allbutatenthpartorsoofremainder）；flanked，ontheeast，byaconsiderablepuddleofaStreamcalledtheDobrowa；andcutinthemiddlebyanamelesspoorBrook（\"BRTLINKA\"somewriteit，ifanybodycouldpronounce），runningparallelandindependent，——whichlatter，ofmoreconcernmenttoushere，springsbeyondCzaslau，andisgottobeofsomesize，andmoreintricatethanusual，with\"islands\"andthelike，asitpassesChotusitz（alittletoeastofChotusitz）；——
thisisourFieldofBattle。SixtyormoremilestoeastwardofPrag，eightmilesormoretosouthwardofElbeRiverandtheFordofElbe—Teinitz（whichweshallhearof，inyearscoming）。Asceneworthvisitingbythecurious，thoughitisbynomeansofpicturesquecharacter。
Uncomfortablybare，likemostGermanplains；meanlittlehamlets，whicharefulloflitterwhenyouenterthem，liesprinkledabout；
littlechurch—spires（likesuffraganstoChotusitzspire，whichisnearyou）；araggeduntrimmedcountry:beyondtheBrook，towardstheDobrowa，twoormoremilesfromChotusitz，isstillnoticeable:
somethinglikeaDeer—park，withumbrageousfeatures，bushyclumps，andshadowyvestigesofaMansion，theoneregularedificewithinyourhorizon。SchuschitzisthenameofthisMansionandDeer—park；
fartheronliesSbislau，whereLeopoldhappilyfoundhisBridgeunbrokenyesterday。
Thegenerallandscapeisscrubby，littery；ill—tilled，scratchedratherthanploughed；physiognomicofCzechPopulations，whoareseldomtrimatelbows:anybeautyithasisonthefarthersideoftheDobrowa，whichdoesnotconcernPrinceLeopold，PrinceKarl，orusatpresent。PrinceLeopold’scamplieseastandwest，shortwaytonorthofChotusitz。SchuschitzHamlet（agoodmilenorthwardofSbislau）covershisleft，thechainofLakeletscovershisright:
andChotusitz，oneofhisoutposts，liescentrallyinfront。
PrinceKarliscomingon，infourcolumns，fromtheHillsandintricaciessouthofCzaslau，——hasbeenonmarchallnight，intendinganight—attackorcamisadoifhecould；butcouldnotintheleast，owingtotheintricateroadways，andthediscrepanciesofpacebetweenhisfourcolumns。Thesunwasupbeforeanythingofhimappeared:——drawingout，visiblyyonder，bytheeastsideofCzaslau；30，000strong，theysay。Friedrich’sunitedforce，wereFriedrichhimselfontheground，willbeabout28，000。
Friedrich’sOrders，whichLeopoldisstudying，were:\"HoldbyChotusitzforCentre；yourleftwing，seeyouleanitonsomething，towardsDobrowaside，——onthatintricateBrook（Brtlinka）orPark—
wallofSchuschitz，[SBISLAU，Friedrichhastilycallsit（OEuvres，ii。121—126）；Stille（p。63）ismoreexact。]whichIthinkisthere；thenyourrightwingwestwards，tillyouleanagainonsomething:twolines，leaveroomformeandmyforce，onthecornernearesthere。Iwillstartatfour；bewithyoubetweensevenandeight，——andevenbringaproportionofAustrianbread（hotfromtheseovensofKuttenberg）
torefreshpartofyou。\"LeopoldofAnhalt，amuch—comfortedman，waitsonlyfortheearliestgrayofthemorning，tobeupanddoing。FromChotusitzhespreadsoutleftwardstowardstheBrtlinkaBrook，——difficultgroundthat，unfitforcavalry，withitsbog—
holes，islands，gulliesandbrokensurface；betterhavegoneacrosstheBrtlinkawithmereinfantry，andleantonthewallofthatDeer—parkofSchuschitzwithperhapsonly1，000horsetosupport，wellrearwardoftheinfantryandthisdifficultground？Somenthink，——aftertheactionisover。[Stille，pp。63，67。]Andindeedtherewascertainlysomemisarrangementthere（donebyLeopold’ssubordinates），whichhaditseffectsshortly。
Leopoldwasnotthereinperson，arrangingthatleftwing；
Leopoldislookingaftercentreandright。Heperceives，therightwingwillbehisbestchance；knowsthat，ingeneral，cavalrymustbeonbothwings。Onalittleeminenceinfrontofhisright，heseeshowtheEnemycomeson；Czaslau，latelyontheirleft，isnowgettingtorearofthem:——\"Andyou，stoutoldGeneralBuddenbrock，spreadyourselfouttorightalittle，hiddenbehindthisrisingground；Ithinkwemayoutflanktheirleftwingbyafewsquadrons，whichwillbeanadvantage。\"
Buddenbrockspreadshimselfout，asbidden:hadBuddenbrockbeenreinforcedbymostofthehorsethatcoulddonogoodonourLEFT
wing，itisthoughttheBattlehadgonebetter。Buddenbrockinthisway，secretly，outflankstheAustrians；toHISrightallforward，hehasthatstringofmarshypools（LakesofCzirkwitzsocalled，outflowingsfromtheBrookofNeuhof），andcannotbetakeninflankbyanymeans。BrookofNeuhof，whichhisMajestycrossedyesterday，farthernorth；——andoughttohaverecrossedbythistime？——saidBrook，hereaboutsamerefringeofquagmiresandmarshypools，isourextremeboundaryonthewestorright；BrookofBrtlinka（unluckilyNOTwalloftheDeer—park）boundsuseastward，oronourleft，PrinceKarl，drawnupbythistime，isintwolines，cavalryonrightandleft，butratherinbentorder；benttowardsusatbothends（beingdaintyofhisground，Isuppose）；andcomesoninhollow—crescentform；——whichisnotreckonedorthodoxbymilitarymen。WhatalltheseVillages，humanindividualsandterrifieddeer，arethinking，Inevercanconjecture！Thick—soledpeasants，terrifiednursing—mothers:Bettertorunandhide，Ishouldsay；
mountyourgarronplough—horses，hideyourbutter—pots，meal—
barrels；runatleasttenmilesorso！——
Itisnowpastseven，ahotMaymorning，theAustriansverynear；——
andyonder，ofasurety，ishisMajestycoming。Majestyhasmarchedsincefour；andishereathistime，loavesandall。Hismenrankatonceinthecornerleftforthem；oneofhishorse—generals，Lehwald，issenttotheleft，toputstraightwhatmybeawrythere（cannotquitedoit，heeither）；——andtheattackbyBuddenhrock，whosecretlyoutflankshereontheright，thisshallatoncetakeeffect。NosoonerhashisMajestygotuponthelittleeminenceorrisingground，andscannedtheAustrianlinesforaninstantortwo，thanhiscannon—batteriesawakenhere；givetheAustrianhorseagoodblast，bywayofmorningsalutationandoverturetotheconcertoftheday。AndBuddenbrock，deployingundercoverofthat，charges，\"firstatatrot，thenatagallop，\"toseewhatcanbedoneuponthemwiththewhiteweapon。OldUuddenbrock，surely，didnothimselfRIDEinthecharge？Heisanoldmanofseventy；
hasfoughtatOudenarde，Malplaquet，nayatSteenkirk，andbeenrunthroughthebody，underDutchWilliam；isanoldacquaintanceofCharlesXII。seven；andsatsolemnlybyFriedrichWilhelm’scoffin，aftersomuchattendanceduringlife。ThespecialleaderofthechargewasBredow；alsoaveterangentleman，butstillonlyinthefifties；he，Iconclude，madethecharge；firstatatrot，thenatagallop，——withswordsflashinghideous，andeyebrowsknit。
\"Thedustwasprodigious，\"saysFriedrich，weatherbeingdryandgroundsandy；foraspaceoftimeyoucouldseenothingbutonehugewhirlpoolofdust，withthegleamofsteelflickeringmadlyinit:however，Buddenbrock，outflankingtheAustrianfirstlineofhorse，didhurlthemfromtheirplace；byandbyyouseethedust—
tempestrunningsouth，fasterandfastersouth，——thatistosay，theAustrianhorseinflight；forBuddenbrock，outflankingthembythreesquadrons，hastumbledtheirfirstlinetopsy—turvy，andtheyrushtorearward，hefollowingawayandaway。[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。123。]NowwerethetimeforafreshforceofPrussiancavalry，——forexample，thoseyouhavestandinguselessbehindthegulliesandquagmiresonyourleftwing（saysStille，aftertheevent）；——duesupporttoBuddenbrock，andallthatAustriancavalryweregone，andtheirinfantryleftbare。
Butnowagain，see，donotthedust—cloudspause？Theypause，mountinghigherandhigher；theydancewildly，thenrollbacktowardsus；tooevidentlyback。BuddenbrockhascomeuponthesecoudlineofAustrianhorse；intoolooseorderBuddenbrock，bythistime，andtheyhavebrokenhim:——anditisamutualdefeatofhorseonthiswing，thePrussianrathertheworseofthetwo。
Andmighthavebeenserious，——hadnotRothenburgplungedfuriouslyin，atthiscrisis，quitethroughtotheAustrianinfantry，andrestoredmatters，ormore。Makingaconfusedresultofitinthisquarter。Austrianhorse—regimentstherenowwerethatfledquiteaway；asdidevenoneortwofoot—regiments，whilethePrussianinfantrydashedforwardonthem，escortedbyRothenburginthismanner，——whogotbadlywoundedinthebusiness；andwaslonganobjectofsolicitudetoFriedrich。AndcontrariwisecertainPrussianhorsealso，itwastoovisible，didnotcomposethemselvestillfairlyarearofourfoot。ThisisShockFirstintheBattle；
thereareThreeShocksinall。
Partialcharging，fencingandflourishingwenton；butnothingveryeffectualwasdonebythehorseinthisquarterfarther。NordidthefireoreffortofthePrussianInfantryinthistheirrightwingcontinue；Austrianfuryandchiefefforthaving，bythistime，brokenoutinanoppositequarter。SothatthestrainoftheFightliesnowintheotherwingoveraboutChotusitzandtheBrtlinkaBrook；andthitherIperceivehisMajestyhasgalloped，being\"alwaysinthethickestofthedanger\"thisday。ShockSecondisnowon。TheAustrianshaveattackedatChotusitz；andarethreateningtodowondersthere。
PrinceLeopold’sLeftWing，aswesaid，wasentirelydefectiveintheeyeoftacticians（aftertheevent）。FarfromleaningonthewalloftheDeer—park，hedidnotevenreachtheBrook，——orhadtoweakenhisforceinChotusitzVillageforthatobject。SothatwhentheAustrianfootcomesstorminguponChotusitz，thereisbut\"halfaregiment\"todefendit。Andasforcavalry，whatistobecomeofcavalry，slowlythreading，undercannon—shotandmusketry，theseintricatequagmiresandgullies，anddangerouslybreakingintofilesandstrings，beforeeveritcanfindgroundtocharge？
Accordingly，theAustrianfoottookChotusitz，afterobstinateresistance；andoldKonigseck，veryillofgout，gotseatedinoneofthehutsthere；andthePrussiancavalry，embarrassedtogetthroughthegullies，couldnotchargeexceptpiecemeal，andthenthoughinsomecaseswithdesperatevalor，yetinallwithouteffectualresult。KonigsecksitsinChotusitz；——andyetwithaltheRussiansarenotoutofit，willnotbedrivenoutofit，butclingobstinately；whereupontheAustrianssetfiretotheplace；itsdrythatchgoesupinflame，andpooroldKonigseck，quitelameofgout，narrowlyescapedburning，theysay。
And，see，theAustrianhorsehavegotacrosstheBrtlinka，arespreadalmosttotheDeer—park，andstrivehardtotakeusinflank，——didnottheBrook，thebadgroundandtheplatoon—firing（fearfullyswift，fromdisciplineandtheironramrods）holdthembackinsomemeasure。Theymakeaviolentattemptortwo；buttheproblemisveryrugged。NorcantheAustrianinfantry，behindortothewestofburningChotusitz，makeanimpression，thoughtheytryit，with1evelledbayonetsanddeadlyenergy，againandagain:
thePrussianranksareasifbuiltofrock，andtheirfireissosureandswift。HereisoneAustrianregiment，camerushingonlikelions；wouldnotletgo，deathorno—death:——andhereitlies，shotdowninranks；wholeswathsofdeadmen，andtheirmusketsbythem，——asiftheyhadgotthewordtotakethatposture，andhaddoneithurriedly！Asmalltransitorygleamofproudrageisvisible，deepdown，inthesoulofFriedrichasherecordsthisfact。ShockSecondwasveryviolent。
TheAustrianhorse，aftersuchexperimentingintheBrtlinkaquarter，gallopofftotrytochargethePrussiansintherear；——
\"pleasanterbyfar，\"judgemanyofthem，\"toplunderthePrussianCamp，\"whichtheydescryinthoseregions；whitheraccordinglytheyrush。Toomanyofthem；andtheHussarsasoneman。TothesorrowfulindignationofPrinceKarl，whoserightarm（orwing）isfallenparalyticinthismanner。AftertheFight，theyrepentedindustandashes；andwenttosayso，asifwiththeropeabouttheirneck；uponwhichhepardonedthem。
NorisPrinceKarl’sleftwinggaininggarlandsjustatthismoment。ShockThirdisawakening；——andwillbedecisiveonPrinceKarl。Chotusitz，setonfireanhoursince（about9A。M。），stillburns；cuttinghimintwo，asitwere，ordisjoininghisleftwingfromhisright:anditisonhisrightwingthatPrinceKarlisdependingforvictory，atpresent；hisleftwing，ruffledbythosefirstPrussianchargesofhorse，withoccasionalPrussianswiftmusketryeversince，beinglefttoitsowninferiorluck，whichisbeginningtoproduceimpressiononit。And，lo，onthesudden（whatbroughtfinistothebusiness），Friedrich，seizingthemoment，commandsaunitedchargeonthisleftwing:Friedrich’srightwingdashesforwardonit，double—quick，takesitfuriously，onfrontandflank；fifteenfield—piecespreceding，andintolerablemusketrybehindthem。SothattheAustrianleftwingcannotstanditatall。
TheAustrianleftwing，stormedinuponinthismanner，swagsandsways，threateningtotumblepell—mellupontherightwing；whichlatterhasitsownhandsfull。NoChotusitzorpointofdefencetoholdby，PrinceKarliseminentlyilloff，andwillbehurledwhollyintotheBrtlinka，andtheislandsandgullies，unlesshemind！PrinceKarl，——whatamomentforhim！——noticingthisundeniablephenomenon，rapidlygivesthewordforretreat，toavoidworse。ItisnearuponNoon；fourhoursofbattle；veryfierceonboththewings，togetheroralternately；inthecentre（westwardofChotusitz）mostlyinsignificant:\"morethanhalfthePrussians\"
standingwitharmsshouldered。PrinceKarlrollsrapidlyaway，throughCzaslautowardssouthwestagain；losesgunsinCzaslau；
goes，notquitebroken，butatdouble—quicktimeforfivemiles；
cavalry，PrussianandAustrian，bickeringintherearofhim；andvanishesoverthehorizontowardsWillimowandHaberthatnight，thewayhehadcome。
ThisisthebattleofChotusitz，calledalsoofCzaslau:Thursday，17thMay，1742。Vehementlyfoughtonbothsides；——calculated，onemayhope，toendthisSilesianmatter？Theresults，inkilledandwounded，werenotveryfarfromequal。Nay，inkilledthePrussianssufferedconsiderablytheworse；theexactAustriancipherofkilledbeing1，052，whilethatofthePrussianswas1，905，——owingchieflytothosefierceineffectualhorse—chargesandbickerings，ontherightwingandleft；\"above1，200Prussiancavalryweredestroyedinthese。\"But，infine，thegeneralloss，includingwoundedandmissing，amountedontheAustrianside（prisonersbeingmany，anddesertersverymany）tonearseventhousand，andonthePrussiantobetweenfourandfive。[Orlich，i。255；
FeldzugederPreussen，p。113；Stille，pp。62—71；
Friedrichhimself，OEuvres，ii。121—126；
and（ib。pp。145—150）theNewspaper\"RELATION，\"writtenalsobyhim。]TwoGeneralsFriedrichhadlost，whoarenotspeciallyofouracquaintance；andseveralyoungerfriendswhomheloved。
Rothenburg，whowasinthatfirstchargeofhorsewithBuddenbrock，orinrescueofBuddenbrock，anddidexploits，gotbadlyhurt，aswesaw，——badly，notfatally，asFriedrich’sfirstterrorwas，——andworehisarminaslingforalongwhileafterwards。
Buddenbrock’scharge，Isincehear，wasruinedbytheDUST；
[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。121。]theKing’svanguard，underRothenburg，a\"new—raisedregimentofHussarsingreen，\"comingtotherescue，weremistakenforAustrians，andthecryrose，\"Enemytorear！\"whichbroughtRothenburghisdisaster。
Friedrichmuchlovedandvaluedtheman；employedhimafterwardsasAmbassadortoFranceandinplacesoftrust。Friedrich’sAmbassadorsareoftenestsoldiersaswell:bredsoldiers，hefinds，iftheychancetohavenaturalintelligence，arefittestforallkindsofwork。——SomeeighteenAustriancannonweregot；
nostandards，because，saidthePrussians，theytooktheprecautionofbringingnonetothefield，buthadbeforehandrolledthemallup，outofharm’sway。——LetusclosewiththisFractionoftopographyoldaudnew:——
\"KingFriedrichpurchasedNineAcresofGround，nearChotusitz，toburytheslain；renteditfromtheproprietorfortwenty—fiveyears。[Helden—Geschichte，ii。634。]Iasked，Wherearethosenineacres；whatcropisnowuponthem？butcouldlearnnothing。Adimpeople，thosepoorCzechnatives；stupid，dirty—skinned，ill—given；notoneintwentyofthemspeakinganyGerman；——andourdragomanafortuitousJewPedler；withthemournfulestofhumanfaces，thoughaheadworthtwentyofthoseCzechones，pooroppressedsoul！TheBattle—plainbearsrye，barley，miscellaneouspulse，potatoes，mostlyinsignificantcrops；
——theninehero—acresinquestion，perhapsstillofslightlyricherquality，lieindiscriminateamongtheothers；theirveryfence，iftheyeverhadone，nowtornaway。
\"TheCountry，asyoudescendbydustyintricatelanesfromKuttenberg，withyourlefthandtotheElbe，andatlengthwithyourbacktoit，wouldberatherpretty，wereitwellcultivated，thescraggylittersweptoff，andreplacedbyverdureandreasonableumbragehereandthere。TheFieldofChotusitz，whereyouemergeonit，isawidewavyplain；thesteepleofChotusitz，and，threeorfourmilesfarther，thatofCzaslau（pronounce’KOTusitz，’’CHASlau’），aretheconspicuousobjectsinit。
TheLakesFriedrichspeaksof，whichcoveredhisright，andshouldcoverours，arenotnowthere，——’all，ormostlyall，drainedaway，eightyyearsago，’answeredtheCzechs；answeredonewiserCzech，whenpressedupon，andguessedupon；therebysolvingtheenigmawhichwasdistressfultous。BetweenthoseLakesandtheBrtlinkaBrookmaybesometwomiles；Chotusitzisonthecrownofthespace，ifithaveacrown。Butthereisno’height’onit，worthcallingaheightexceptbythemilitaryman；notreeorbush；
nofenceamongthescrubbyryesandpulses:noobstaclebutthatBrook，which，orthehollowofwhich，youseesaunteringsteadilynorthwardorElbe—ward，agooddistanceonyourleft，asyoudriveforChotusitzandsteeple。Schuschitz，apeakedbrownedifice，isvisibleeverywhere，wellaheadandleftwards，wellbeyondsaidhollow；somethingofwoodand’deer—park’stillnoticeableorimaginableyonder。
\"Chotusitzitselfisapoorlitteryplace；standingwhite—washed，butmuchunswept:intwostragglingrows，nowwideenoughapart（noKonigseckneednowgetburntthere）:utterlysilentunderthehotsun；notachildlookedoutonus，andIthinktheverydogslaywiselyasleep。ChurchandsteepleareatthefartherorsouthendoftheVillage，andhaveanolderdatethan1742。Highuponthesteeple，mendingtheclock—handsorIknownotwhat，hunginmid—
aironeCzech；theonlylivingthingwesaw。Populationmaybethreeorfourhundred，——allbusywiththeirteamsorotherwise，wewillhope。Czaslau，whichyouapproachbysomethingofavenues，ofhumanroads（dustandlitterstillabounding），isamuchgranderplace；sayof2，000ormore:shiny，white，butalsosomnolent；
vastmarket—place，orcentralsquare，slopingagainstyou:
twoshinyHotelsonit，withAustrianuniformsloiteringabout；——
andotherwisegreatemptinessandsilence。TheshinyHotels（shineduetopaintmainly）offerlittleofhumanlyedible；and，intheinterior，smellsstrikeyouas——astheOLDESTyouhaveevermetbefore。Apeoplenotgiventowashing，toventilating！Manygospelshavebeenpreachedinthoseparts，audabstruseOrthodoxies，sometimeswithfireandsword，andnoendofemphasis；butthatofSoap—and—Water（whichsurelyisasCatholicasany，andtheplainestofall）hasnotyetgotintroducedthere！\"[Tourist’sNote（13thSeptember，1858）。]
CzaslauhangsupontheEnglishmind（werenottheignorancesototal）byanothertie:itistheresting—placeofZisca，whosedrum，orthefableofwhosedrum，wesawinthecitadelofGlatz。
ZiscawasburiedINhisskin，atCzaslaufinally:intheChurchofSt。PeterandSt。Paulthere；withdueepitaph；andhisbigmaceorbattle—club，mostlyiron，hunghonorableonthewallcloseby。
KaiserFerdinand，KarlV。’sbrother，onaProgresstoPrag，cametolodgeatCzaslau，oneafternoon:\"Whatisthat？\"saidtheKaiser，strollingoverthisPeter—and—Paul’sChurch，andnoticingthemace。