第58章
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  Thehuntingorexhibitionofwildbeastswasconductedwithamagnificencesuitabletoapeoplewhostyledthemselvesthemastersoftheworld;norwastheedificeappropriatedtothatentertainmentlessexpressiveofRomangreatness。Posterityadmires,andwilllongadmire,theawfulremainsoftheamphitheatreofTitus,whichsowelldeservedtheepithetofColossal。^91Itwasabuildingofanellipticfigure,fivehundredandsixty—fourfeetinlength,andfourhundredandsixty—seveninbreadth,foundedonfourscorearches,andrising,withfoursuccessiveordersofarchitecture,totheheightofonehundredandfortyfeet。^92Theoutsideoftheedificewasencrustedwithmarble,anddecoratedwithstatues。Theslopesofthevastconcave,whichformedtheinside,werefilledandsurroundedwithsixtyoreightyrowsofseatsofmarblelikewise,coveredwithcushions,andcapableofreceivingwitheaseaboutfourscorethousandspectators。^93Sixty—fourvomitoriesforbythatnamethedoorswereveryaptlydistinguishedpouredforththeimmensemultitude;andtheentrances,passages,andstaircaseswerecontrivedwithsuchexquisiteskill,thateachperson,whetherofthesenatorial,theequestrian,ortheplebeianorder,arrivedathisdestinedplacewithouttroubleorconfusion。^94Nothingwasomitted,which,inanyrespect,couldbesubservienttotheconvenienceandpleasureofthespectators。

  Theywereprotectedfromthesunandrainbyanamplecanopy,occasionallydrawnovertheirheads。Theairwascontinallyrefreshedbytheplayingoffountains,andprofuselyimpregnatedbythegratefulscentofaromatics。Inthecentreoftheedifice,thearena,orstage,wasstrewedwiththefinestsand,andsuccessivelyassumedthemostdifferentforms。Atonemomentitseemedtoriseoutoftheearth,likethegardenoftheHesperides,andwasafterwardsbrokenintotherocksandcavernsofThrace。Thesubterraneouspipesconveyedaninexhaustiblesupplyofwater;andwhathadjustbeforeappearedalevelplain,mightbesuddenlyconvertedintoawidelake,coveredwitharmedvessels,andreplenishedwiththemonstersofthedeep。^95Inthedecorationofthesescenes,theRomanemperorsdisplayedtheirwealthandliberality;andwereadonvariousoccasionsthatthewholefurnitureoftheamphitheatreconsistedeitherofsilver,orofgold,orofamber。^96ThepoetwhodescribesthegamesofCarinus,inthecharacterofashepherd,attractedtothecapitalbythefameoftheirmagnificence,affirmsthatthenetsdesignedasadefenceagainstthewildbeasts,wereofgoldwire;thattheporticosweregilded;andthatthebeltorcirclewhichdividedtheseveralranksofspectatorsfromeachotherwasstuddedwithapreciousmosaicofbeautifulstones。^97

  [Footnote91:SeeMaffei,VeronaIllustrata,p。iv。l。i。c。2。]

  [Footnote92:Maffei,l。ii。c。2。Theheightwasverymuchexaggeratedbytheancients。Itreachedalmosttotheheavens,accordingtoCalphurnius,Eclog。vii。23,andsurpassedthekenofhumansight,accordingtoAmmianusMarcellinusxvi。10。YethowtriflingtothegreatpyramidofEgypt,whichrises500feetperpendicular]

  [Footnote93:AccordingtodifferentcopiesofVictor,weread77,000,or87,000spectators;butMaffeil。ii。c。12findsroomontheopenseatsfornomorethan34,000。Theremainderwerecontainedintheuppercoveredgalleries。]

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