……\"ItiscertaintheFrenchintendgloriously；regardlessofexpense。TheyaredismantlingFreyburg，torenderitharmlesshenceforth。But，withal，inanswertothepoorKaiser’sshrieks，theyhavesentSegur[ouroldLinzfriend]，with12，000，toassistSeckendorf；’thebravesttroopsintheworld，’\"——whodidbravelytakeonebeating（atPfaffenhofen，aswillbeseen），andgohomeagain。（\"TheyhaveCoignyguardingthosefineBrisgauConquests。Andarefurthermorediplomatizingdiligently，nottosaytruculently，intheRhineCountries；bullyingpoorlittlefatKur—Trier，leanKur—Kolnandothers，’TojointheFrankfurtUnion’
（notoneofwhomwould，undermenace），——though’itisthecleardutyofallReich’s—PrinceswithaKaiserunderoppression:’——andhavemarchedMaillebois，directlyafterFreyburg，intotheMiddle—
RhineCountries，toKolnCountry，toMainzCountry，andtoandfro，insupportofsaidcompulsorydiplomacies；——butwithouttheleasteffect。\"
Tothe\"Middle—RhineCountries，\"observe，andunderMaillebois，thenunderConti，littlematterunderwhom:onlyletreadersrecollectthenameofit；——foritistheFIRSToftheFrenchAttemptstodosomethingofajoint—stocknature；somethingforselfANDAllies，insteadofforselfonly。Itcausedgreatalarminthosemonths，toBritannicGeorgeandothers；andbroughtoutpoorDucd’Ahrembergwithportions（noEnglishincluded）ofthepoorPragmaticArmy，togomarchingaboutinthewinterslushes，insteadofrestinginbed，[Adelung，iv。276，420（\"December，1744—June，1745\"）。]——andisindeedaveryloudbusinessintheoldGazettesandbooks，tillAugustcoming。BusinesswhichalmostbrokepoorD’Ahremberg’sheart，hesays，\"tillonceIgotoutofit\"（wasTURNEDout，infact）:BusinessofPragmaticArmy，underD’Ahremberg，VERSUSMiddle—RhineArmyunderMaillebois，underConti；BusinessnowwhollyofZeroVERSUSZerotous，——exceptforafewdatesandreflexglimmeringsuponKingFriedrich。Resultotherwise——WeshallseetheResult！
\"AttemptSECONDwasstillmoreimportanttoFriedrich；beingdirectedupontheKaiserandBavaria。Belleisleistogothitherandtakesurvey；Belleislethitherfirst:youmayjudgeiftheintentionissincere！Valoriisquiteeloquentuponit。
DirectlyafterFreyburg，sayshe，Sechelles，thatfirstofCommissaries，wassenttoMunchen。SechellesclearedupthechaosofAccounts；whichKingLouistheninstantlypaid。’YourImperialMajestyshallhaveMagazinesalso，’saidLouis，regardlessofexpense；’andyourArmy，withauxiliaries（Segurand25，000ofthemFrench），shallberaisedto60，000。’Belleislethencame:’WewillhaveIngolstadt，thefirstthing，inSpring。’Alas，BelleislehadhisAccidentintheHarz；andallwentaback，fromthattime。\"
[Valori，i。322—329。]Aback，tooindisputably，all！——\"AndBelleisle’sAccident？\"Patience，readers。
\"Thetruthis，AttemptSECOND，andchief，brokedownatonce[Bathyanibeatingittopieces，aswillbeseen]，——theruinsofitpainfullyreactingonAttemptFIRST；whichhadthelikefatesomemonthslater；——andtherewasnoTHIRDmade。And，infact，fromthedateofthatlatterdown—break，August，orendofJuly，1745[andquiteespeciallyfrom\"September13th，\"bywhichtimeseveralirrevocablethingshadhappened，whichweshallhearof]，theFrenchwithdrewaltogetheroutofGermanentanglements；
andconcentratedthemselvesupontheNetherlands，theretodemolishhisBritannicMajesty，asthelikelierenterprise。Thiswasacoursetowhich，eversincetheExitofBroglioandtheOriflamme，theyhadbeenmoreandmoretendingandinclining，’Nothingforusbutlossonloss，tobehadinGermany！’andsotheyatlastfranklygaveupthatbadCountry。TheyfoughtwellintheNetherlands，withgreatsplendorofsuccess，underSaxeVERSUS
CumberlandandCompany。TheydidalsosomesuccessfulworkinItaly；——andleftFriedrichtobearthebruntinGermany；toogladifheoranotherweretheretotakeGermanyofftheirhand！
Friedrich’sfeelingsonhisarrivingatthisconsummation，andduringhisgradualadvancetowardsit，whichwasprettysteadyallalongfromthosefirst’drenched—hen（POULESMOUILLEES）’
procedures，wereamplyknowntoExcellencyValori，andmaybeconceivedbyreaders，\"——whoareslightlyinterestedinthedatesofthematfarthest。AndnowfortheBelleisleAccident，withthesefaintpreliminarylights。
STRANGEACCIDENTTOMARECHALDEBELLEISLEINTHE
HARZMOUNTAINS（20thDecember，1744）。
SiegeofFreyburgbeingcompleted，andtheRiverandmostotherthings（exceptalwaysthebastions，whichweblowup）beingletintotheiroldchannelsthere，MarechaldeBelleisle，whoistohaveachiefmanagementhenceforth，——theMostChristianKingrecognizinghimagainashisablestmaninwarorpeace，——setsforthonalongtourofsupervision，ofdiplomacyandgeneralarrangement，topreparemattersforthenextCampaign。NeedenoughofaBelleisle:whatabusinesswehavemadeofit，sinceFriedrichtrodontheserpent’stailforus。！NothingbutourownFreyburgtoshowforourselves；elsewhere，meredown—rushofeverythingwhitherwarditliked；——andKingFriedrichgotintosuchahumor！
Friedrichmustbeputintuneagain；somethingrealandgoodtobeagreedonatBerlin:letthatbethelastthing，crownofthewhole。Thefirstthingis，lookintoBavariaalittle；andhowtheKaiser，poorgentleman，inwantofallrequisitesbutgood—will，canbeputintosomethingoffightingposture。
\"IntheendofNovember，MarechalDucdeBelleisle，withhisBrothertheChevalier（nowproperlytheCount，therehavingbeenpromotions），andagreatretinuemore，alightsatMunchen；
holdscounselwiththepoorKaiserforcertaindays:——Moneywanted；
manythingswanted；andallthings，weneednotdoubt，muchfallenoutofsquare。’ThoseSeckendorftroopsintheirwinter—quarters，’
sayourFrenchInspectorsandSegurpeople，asusual，’dobutlookonit，yourExcellency！Scattered，alongthevalleys，intotheveryedgeofAustria；Austriawillswallowthem，thefirstthing，nextyear；theywillneverrendezvousagainexceptintheAustrianprisons。Surely，Monseigneur，onlyamanignorantofwar，orwithtreasonousintention[orill—offforvictuals]，——couldposttroopsinthatway？Seckendorfisnotignorantofwar！’saythey。
[Valori，i。206。]For，infact，suspicionrunshigh；andthereisnoendtotheaccusationsjustandunjust；andSeckendorfisasilltreatedasanyofuscouldwish。Pooroldsoul。ProbablynobodyinalltheEarth，buthisoldWifeintheSchlossofAltenburg，hasanypityforhim，——ifevenshe，whichIhope。Hehasfoughtanddiplomatizedandintriguedinmanycountries，verymuch；andinhisolddaysishardbested。Monseigueur，whosepartisratherthatofJovetheCloud—compeller，isstudioustobehimselfnoiselessamidthisnoise；andmakesnoalterationintheSeckendorftroops；
butitiscertainhemeanttodoit，thinksValori。\"
AndindeedSeckendorf，tiredoftheBavarianbed—of—roses，hadprivatelyfixedwithhimselftoquitthesame；——anddoesso，inexorabletotheveryKaiser，onNew—Yeararriving。
[SeckendorfsLeben，p。365。]SucceededbyThorring（ouroldfriendDRUMThorring），ifthatbeanimprovement。
MarechaldeBelleislehasstillalongjourneyahead，andinfinitelyharderproblemsthanthese，——assuagementoftheKingofPrussia，forexample。Letusfollowhisremarkablesteps。
\"WEDNESDAY，9thDECEMBER，1744，theMarechalleavesMunchen，northwardsthroughOEttingenandtheBamberg—AnspachregionstowardsCassel；——journeyofsomethreehundredandfiftymiles:
withagreatretinueofhisown；withanescortoftwohundredhorsefromtheKaiser；theselattertopreventanyoutfallorinsultintheIngolstadtquarter，wheretheAustrianshaveagarrison，notatallverytightlyblockedbytheSeckendorfpeoplethereabouts。Noinsultoroutfalloccurring，theMarechaldismisseshisescortatOEttingen；faresforwardinhistwentycoachesandfourgons，somescoreorsoofvehicles:——mereneutralImperialCountrieshenceforth，wheretheKaiser’sAgent，asMarechaldeBelleislecanstylehimself，andTitularPrinceoftheGermanEmpirewithal，hasonlytopayhisway。ByDonauworth，byOEttingen；overtheDonauacclivities，thendownthepleasantValleyoftheMayn。[SeeREVIEWOFTHECASEOFMARSHALBELLEISLE
（orAbstractofit，Gentleman’sMagazine，
1745，pp。366—373）；&c。&c。]
\"SUNDAY，13thDECEMBER，MarechaldeBelleislearrivesatHanau[wherewehaveseenConferencesheldbeforenow，andCarteret，PrinceKarlandgreatGeorgeourKingverybusy]，theretoconferwithMarshalsCoigny，Mailleboisandotherhighmen，CommandersinthoseRhineparts。Whoallcomeaccordingly，exceptMarechalMaillebois，whoissorrythatheabsolutelycannot；butwillsurelydohimselfthehonorasMonseigneurreturns。\"AsMonseigneurreturns！\"Andso，onMonday，14th，MonseigneurstartsforCassel；
sayahundredmilesrightnorth；whereweshallmeetPrinceWilhelmofHessen—Cassel，azealousAlly；informhimhowhisTroops，underSeckendorf，areposted[atVilshofenyonder；hidinghowperiloustheirpostis，orpromisingalterations]；perhapsrestadayortwo，consultingastothecommonweal:HowtheKingofPrussiatakesourtreatmentofhim？HowtosmooththeKingofPrussia，andturnhimtoharmonyagain？Weareapproachingthetruenodusofourbusiness，difficultyofdifficulties；andWilhelm，thewiseLandgraf，mayaffordahintortwo。ThustravelsmagnanimousBelleisleintwentyvehicles，amanloadedwithweightymatters，inthesedeepWintermonths；sufferingdreadfullyfromrheumaticneuralgicailments，aDoctoroneofhisneedfulestequipments；
andhasthehardestproblemyetaheadofhim。
\"PrinceWilhelm’sconsultationsarehappilylostaltogether；
buriedfromsightforever，tothelasthint，——allexceptastowhatroadtoBerlinwouldbethebestfromCassel。ByLeipzig，throughlow—lyingcountry，isthegreatHighway，advisableinwinter；
butitrunsahundredandthirtymilestoright，beforeeverstartingnorthward；sucharoundabout。NottosaythattheSaxonsarealliesofAustria，——iftherebeanythinginthat。
Enemies，they，totheMostChristianKing:thoughsurely，again，weareonKaiser’sbusiness，naywearetitular’PrinceoftheReich，’
forthatmatter，suchtheKaiser’sgracetous？Well；itisbetterperhapstoAVOIDtheSaxonTerritory。And，ofcourse，theHanoverianmuchmore；throughwhichliestheotherGreatRoad！
’GobytheHarz，’advisesLandgrafWilhelm:’aruggedHillCountry；
butitisyourhypotenusetowardsBerlin；passesatonce，ornearlyso，fromCasselTerritoryintoPrussian:aruggedroad，butashorterandsafer。’ThatistheroadBelleisleresolvesupon。
Twentycarriages；hisBrothertheChevalierandhimselfoccupyone；
andalwaysthecourierridesbefore，orderingfortypost—horsestobereadyharnessed。
\"SUNDAY，20thDECEMBER，1744。InthiswaytheyhaveclimbedtheeasternshinoftheHarzRange，wheretheHarziscapableofwheel—
carriages；andhopenowtodescend，thisnight，toHalberstadt；
andthencerapidlybylevelroadstoBerlin。Itissinkingtowardsdark；thecourierisforwardtoElbingerode，orderingfortyhorsestobeout。Roughishuphillroad；winterintheskyandearth，wintervaporsandtumblingwind—gusts:westward，intornstorm—
cloak，theBracken，withitswitch—dances；highlandGoslar，andghostofHenrytheFowler，ontheothersideofit。AmultifariouswizardCountry，muchoverhungbygoblinreminiscences，witch—
dances，sorcerers’—sabbathsandthelike，——ifarheumaticgentlemancaredtolookonit，inthecoldtwilight。Brrh！Wastechasmyuplands，snow—chokedtorrents；wildpeople，gloomyfirs！Hereatlast，byone’swatch5P。M。，isElbingerode，uncomfortablelittleTown；anditistobehopedthefortypost—horsesareready。
\"Behold，whilethefortypost—horsesaregettingready，athingtakesplace，mostunexpected；——whichmadethenameofElbingerodefamousforeightmonthstocome。Ofwhichletushastilygivethebarefacts，Fancymakingofthemwhatshecan。WasMonseigneurawarethatthisElbingerode，withapatchofterritoryroundit，isHanoverianground；oneofthosedistractedpatchesorraggedoutskirtsfrequentintheGermanmap？Prussiaisnotyet，andHessen—Casselhasceasedtobe。UndoubtedlyHanoverian！
ApparentlytheLandgrafandMonseigneurhadnotthoughtofthat。
ButMunchhausenofHanover，spiesinforminghim，had。TheBailiff（Vogt，AdVOCATus）hasgatheredtwentyJAGER[officialGame—keepers]
withtheirguns，andaselectidleSundaypopulationoftheplacewithorwithoutguns:theVogtstepsforward，andinquiresforMonseigneur’spassport。’Nopassport，noneedofany！’——’Pardon！’
andsignifiestoMonseigneur，onthepartofGeorgeElectorofHanover，KingofGreatBritain，FranceandIreland，thatMonseigneurisarrested！
\"Monseigneur，withcompressedorincompressiblefeelings，indignantlycomplies，——whatcouldheelse，unfortunaterheumaticgentleman？——andispluckedawayinsuchsuddenmanner，heforone，outofthatbigGermangameofhisraising。Thetwentyvehiclesaredraggeddifferentroads；towardsScharzfels，Osterode，orIknownotwhere，——handiestroadstoHanover；——andMonseigneurhimselfhastravellingtreatmentwhichmightbecomplainedof，didnotonedisdaincomplaint:’myBrotherpartedfromme，naymyDoctor，andmyInterpreter；’\"——notevenspeechpossibletome。[LetterofBelleislenextmorning，\"Neuhof，21stDecember，9A。M。\"（inValori，i。204），toMunchhausenatHanover，——bynopossibility\"toValori，\"asthedistractedFrenchEditorhasgivenit！]ThatwastheBelleisleAccidentintheHarz，SundayEvening，20thDecember，1744。
\"AfflictedindignantValori，soonenoughapprised，runstoFriedrichwiththenews，——greetsFriedrichwithitjustalightingfromthatSilesianrunofhisown。Friedrich，notwithoutseveralotherthingstothinkof，isnaturallysorryatsuchnews；
sorryforhisownsakeeven；butnotovermuch。Friedrichrefuses’todespatchapartyofhorse，’andcutoutMarechaldeBelleisle。
\"Thatwillneverdo，MONCHER！’——andevengetsintoFROIDES
PLAISANTERIES:’PerhapstheMarechaldidithimself？
Tallard，prisonerafterBlenheim，madePEACE，youknow，inEngland？’——andthelike；whichgrievedthesoulofValori，andconvincedhimofFriedrich’sinhumanity，inacryingcase。
\"BelleisleisluggedontoHanover；hiscasenotdoubtfultoMunchhausen，ortheEnglishMinistry，——thoughitraisedgreatargument，（wasthecapturefair，wasitunfair？Isheentitledtoexchangebycartel，ornotentitled？’andproduced，inthenexteightmonths，muchangryanimatedpamphleteeringandnegotiation。
Forwehearbyandby，heistobeforwardedtoStade，ontheHamburgsea—coast，whereEnglishSeventy—foursarewaitingforhim；
hiscasestillundecided；——and，ineffect，itwasnottillaftereightmonthsthathegotdismissal。’LodgedhandsomelyinWindsorPalace，’intheinterim；freeonhisparole，peopleofrankveryciviltohim，thoughtheGazetteersweresometimesill—tongued，——
hadheunderstoodtheirPATOIS，orconcernedhimselfaboutsuchthings。[\"TUESDAY，18thFEBRUARY[lstMarch，1745]，MarshalBelleislelandedatHarwich；layatGreenwichPalace，havingcrossedThamesattheIsleofDogs:nextmorning，about10，setout，inacoach—and—six，ColonelDouglasandtwotroopsofhorseescorting；arrived3P。M。，——byCamberwell，Clapham，Wandsworth，overKingstonandStainesBridges，——atWindsorCastle，andtheapartmentsreadyforhim。\"（Gentleman’sMagazine，1745，p107。）Wasletgo13th（24th）August，againwithgreatpompandcivilities（ib。p。442）。SeeAdelung，iv。299，346；
v。83，84。]
\"Itwasacurrentnotionamongcontemporarymankind，thisofFriedrich，thatBelleisle’scapturemightbeamerecollusion，meanttobringaboutaPeaceinthatTallardfashion，——wideofthetruthassuchanotionis，farasanyPeacewasfromfollowing。
ToBritannicGeorgeandhisHanoveriansithadmerelyseemed，HerewasachiefWar—CaptainandDiplomatistamongtheFrench；thepivotofalltheseworld—widemovements，asValoridefineshim；
whichpivot，achanceoffering，itwerewelltotwitchfromitssocket，andseewhatwouldfollow。Perhapsnothingwillfollow；
nexttonothing？Aworld，allwaltzinginmadwar，isnottobestoppedbyactingonanypivot；yourwaltzingworldwillfindnewpivots，ordowithoutany，andperhapsonlywaltzthemoremadlyforwantingtheprincipalone。\"
ThiswithdrawalofBelleisle，theoneFrenchmanrespectedbyFriedrich，ormuchinterestedforhisownsakeinthingsGerman，isreckonedamaincausewhytheFrenchAllianceturnedoutsoillforFriedrich；andwhyFrenchefforttookmoreandmoreaNetherlandsdirectionthenceforth，andthesenewFrenchmagnanimitiesonFriedrich’sbehalfissuedinfutilityagain。Probablytheynevercouldhaveissuedinverymuch:butitiscertainthat，fromthispoint，theyalsodobecomezero；andthatFriedrich，fromhisFrenchalliance，reapedfromfirsttolastnothingatall，exceptagreatdealofobloquyfromGermanneighbors，andfromtheFrenchsideendlesstrouble，angeranddisappointmentineveryparticular。
Which’mightbeajoy（thoughnotunmixed）toBritannicMajestyandthesubtlefollowerswhohadginnedthisfineBelleislebirdinitsflightovertheHarzRange？Thoughagain，hadtheypassivelylethimwinghisway，andhehadGOT\"tobeCommanderandManager，\"aswasinagitation，——he，BelleisleandinGermany，insteadofMarechaldeSaxewiththeNetherlandsaschiefscene，——whatanadvantagemightthathavebeentothem！
THEKAISERKARLVII。GETSSECUREDFROMOPPRESSIONS，INA
TRAGICWAY。FRIEDRICHPROPOSESPEACE，BUTTONOPURPOSE。
AstillsaddercrossforFriedrich，inthecurrentofforeignAccidentsandDiplomacies，wasthenextthatbefell；exactlyamonthlater，——atMunchen，20thJanuary，1745。HardlywasBelleisle’sbackturned，whenherHungarianMajesty，byherBathyaniandCompany，brokefuriouslyinuponthepoorKaiserandhisSeckendorf—Segurdefences。BelleislehadnotreachedtheHarz，whenallwasgoingtopsy—turvythereagain，andtheDonau—ValleyfastfallingbackintoAustrianhands。Noristhattheworst，ornearlyso。
\"MUNCHEN，20thJANUARY，1745。ThisdaypoorKaiserKarllaiddownhisearthlyburdenhere，andatlengthgaveallhisenemiestheslip。Hehadbeenillofgoutforsometime；amanofmuchmaladyalways，withnowantofvexationsandapprehensions。ToolikelytheAustrianswilldrivehimoutofMunchenagain；thennothingbutfurnishedlodgings，andtheFrenchtodependupon。HehadbeenmuchchagrinedbysomeElection，justdone，intheChapterofSalzburg。
[Adelung，iv。249，276，313。]TheArchbishopthere——itwasFirmian，heoftheSALZBURGEMIGRATION，memorabletoreaders——haddied，somewhileago。Andnow，inflatcontradictiontoImperialcustoms，prerogatives，thesepeoplehadadmittedanAustrianGarrison；
andthen，intheteethofourexpressprecept，hadelectedanAustriantotheirbenefice:whatcanoneaccountitbutaninsultaswellasaninjury？Andtheneuralgicmaladiespresssore，andthegoutytwinges；andBelleisleisseized，perhapswithimportantpapersofours；andtheSeckendorf—Segurdetachmentswereillplaced；nayherearetheAustriansalreadyonthethroatofthem，inmidwinter！Itissaid，ababblingvalet，orlord—in—waiting，happenedtotalkofsomeskirmishthathadfallenout（calledabattle，inthevaletrumor），andhowilltheFrenchandBavarianshadfaredinit，owingtotheirillbehavior。Andthis，addthey，provedtobetheounce—weighttoomuchforthesoheavy—ladenback。
\"TheKaisertooktobed，notmuchcomplaining；patient，mild，thoughthesaddestofallmortals；and，inadayortwo，died。
Adieu，adieu，yelovedfaithfulones；pityme，andprayforme！
HegavehisWife，poorlittlefatdevoutcreature，andhispoorChildren（eldestlad，hisHeir，onlyseventeen），atenderblessing；
solemnlyexhortedthem，Toeschewambition，andbewarnedbyhisexample；——tomaketheirpeacewithAustria；andnever，likehim，tryCOM’EDUROCALLE，andwhatthecharityofChristianKingsamountsto。Thiscounsel，itisthought，theEmpressDowagerzealouslyaccedesto，andwillimpressuponherSon。ThatistheAustrianandCause—of—Libertyaccount:KingFriedrich，fromtheotherside，hasheardadirectlyoppositeone。HowtheKaiser，atthepointofdeath，exhortedhisson，’NeverforgettheserviceswhichtheKingofFranceandtheKingofPrussiahavedoneus，anddonotrepaythemwithingratitude。’[OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。92；——andsee（PERCONTRA）inAdelung，iv。314A；
inCoxe，&c。]Thereadercanchoosewhichhewill，orrejectbothintotheregionoftheuncertain。’KarlAlbert’spiousandaffectionatedemeanordrewtearsfromalleyes，’saytheby—
standers:’themannerinwhichhetookleaveofhisEmpresswouldhavemeltedaheartofstone。’Hewasinhisforty—eighthyear；hehadbeen，ofallmeninhisgeneration，themostconspicuouslyunhappy。\"
Whatadown—rushofconfusionthereensuedonthisevent，nottoBavariaalone，buttoalltheworld，andtoKingFriedrichmorethananother，noreadercannowtakethepainsofconceiving。
The\"FrankfurtUnion，\"then，hasgonetoair！Hereisnowno\"Kaisertobedeliveredfromoppression:\"hereisanewKaisertobeelected，——\"Grand—DukeFranztheman，\"crythePragmaticPotentateswithexultation，\"noBelleisletodisturb！\"——andquestionsariseinnumerablethereupon，WillFrancegointoelectioneeringagain？ThenewKur—Baiern，onlyseventeen，poorchild，cannotbesetupascandidate。WhatwillFrancedowithHIM；
whathewithFrance？WhomcantheFrenchtryasCandidateagainsttheGrand—Duke？Kur—Sachsen，thePolishMajestyagain？Belleislehimselfmusthavepauseduncertainoversuchawelter，——andprobablyhavedone，liketheothers，littleornothinginit，butleftittocollapsebynaturalgravitation。
HungarianMajestycheckedherBavarianArmamentsalittle:
\"IfperhapsthisyoungKur—BaiernwilldetachhimselffromFrance，andonsubmissivetermscomeovertous？\"Whereupon，atMunchen，andinthecognatequarters，suchwriggling，dubitatinganddiplomatizing，asseldomwas，——French，Anti—French（Seckendorfbusiestofall），strainingeverynerveinthatway，andforalmostthreemonths，nothingcomingofit，——tillHungarianMajestysentherBarenklausandBathyanisuponthemagain；andtheserapidlysolvedthequestion，inwhatwayweshallsee！
FriedrichhasstillhishopesofBavaria，sograndiloquentaretheFrenchinregardtoit；whobutwouldhope？TheFrenchdiplomatizetoalllengthsinMunchen，promisingseasandmountains；buttheyperformlittle；inaneffectualmanner，nothing。Bavarian\"Armyraisedto60，000；\"countsinfactlittleabovehalfthatnumber；
withnoGeneraltoitbutanimaginaryone；Segur’sactualFrenchcontingent，insteadof25，000，isperhaps12，000；——andsoofotherthings。Addtoallwhich，Seckendorfisthere，notnowasWar—
General，butasextra—official\"Adviser；\"busierthanever，——
\"scandalousoldtraitor！\"saytheFrench；——andFriedrichmayjustlyfearthatBavariawillgo，bycollapse，abadroadforhim。
Friedrich，aweekortwoaftertheKaiser’sdeath，seeingBavarianandFrenchthingsinsuchahypotheticstate，instructshisAmbassadoratLondontodeclarehis，Friedrich’s，perfectreadinessandwishforPeace:\"OldTreatyofBreslauandBerlinmadeindubitabletome；therestofthequarrelhas，bydeceaseoftheKaiser，gonetoair。\"TowhichtheBritannicMajesty，ratherelatedatthistime，asallPragmaticpeopleare，answerssomewhatinacarelessway，\"Well，iftheotherslikeit！\"andpromisesthathewillproposeitintheproperquarter。SothathenceforththereisalwaysahopeofPeacethroughEngland；aswellascontrariwise，especiallytillBavariasettleitself（inAprilnext），ahopeofgreatassistancefromtheFrench。Herearepotentialitiesandcounter—potentialities，whichmaketheBavarianIntricacyveryagitatingtotheyoungKing，whileitlasts。AndindeedhisworldisonehugeimbroglioofPotentialitiesandDiplomaticIntricacies，agitatingtobehold。ConcerningwhichwehaveagaintoremarkhowthesehugeSpectresofDiplomacy，nowfillingFriedrich’sworld，camemostlyinresulttoNothing；——shapingthemselveswholly，fororagainst，inexactproportion，directorinverse，totheactualQuantityofBattleandeffectivePerformancethathappenedtobefoundinFriedrichhimself。DiplomaticSpectralities，wideFatamorganasofhope，andhideousbigBugbearsblottingoutthesun:ofthese，fewmeneverhadmorethanFriedrichatthistime。
Andheiscareful，nonecarefuler，nottoneglecthisDiplomaciesatanytime；——thoughheknows，betterthanmost，thatgoodfightingofhisowniswhatalonecandeterminethevalueofthesecontingentandaerialquantities，——mereLaplandwitchcraftthegreaterpartofthem。
AsecondgrandIntricacyanddifficulty，stillmoreenigmatic，andpressingthetighterbyitscloseneighborhood，wasthatwiththeSaxons。\"AretheSaxonsenemies；aretheyfriends？Neutralsatlowest；boundbyTreatytolendAustriatroops；buttolendfordefencemerely，notforoffence！Couldnotone，bygoodmethods，makefriendswithhisPolishMajesty？\"FriedrichwasfarfromsuspectingtheragesthatlurkedinthePolishMajesty，andleastofallowingtowhat。OwingtothatoldMORAVIAN—FORAYbusiness；
andtohis，Friedrich’s，behaviortotheSaxonsinit；excellentSaxons，whohadbehavedsobeautifullytoFriedrich！Thatisthesadfact，however。StupidPolishMajestyhashisnaturalenvies，jealousies，ofaBrandenburgwaxingoverhisheadatthisrate。
Butitappears，theMoravianForayenteredforagreatdealintotheaccount，andwasthefinaloverwhelmingitem。Bruhl，bymuchdescantingonthatfamousExpedition，——withsuchcandidEye—
witnessestoappealto，suchcorroborativeStaff—officersandappliances，powerfulontheidleheartandweakbrainofaPolishMajesty，——hasbroughtitsofar。Fixedindignation，forintolerableusage，especiallyinthatMoravian—Foraytime:fixed；notverymalignant，butaltogetherobstinate（as，Iamtold，thatofthepacificsheepspeciesusuallyis）；whichcarriedBruhlandhisPolishMajestytoextraordinaryheightsanddepthsinyearscoming！
Butthatwilldeserveasectiontoitselfbyandby。
Athirddifficulty，privatelymorestringentthanany，isthatofFinance。TheexpensesofthelateBohemianExpedition，\"Friedrich’sArmycosting75，000poundsamonth，\"havebeenexcessive。ForournextCampaign，ifitistobedoneinthewayessential，thereare，byrigorousarithmetic，\"900，000pounds\"needed。AfrugalPrussiaraisesnonewtaxes；paysitsWarsfrom\"theTreasure，\"fromtheFundsavedbeforehandforemergenciesofthatkind；Fundwhichisrunninglow，threateningtobeattheleesifsuchdrainonitcontinue。Tofightwitheffectbeingtheonesurehope，andsalveforallsores，itisnotintheArmy，intheFortresses，theFightingEquipments，thatthereshallbeanyflawleft！
Friedrich’sbudgetisasoreproblemuponhim；needingendlessshiftandingenuity，nowandonwards，throughthiswar:——already，duringthesemonths，intheBerlinSchloss，agreatdealofthosemassiveFriedrich—WilhelmplateSumptuosities，especiallythatunparalleledMusic—Balconyupstairs，allsilver，hasbeen，underFredersdorf’smanagement，quietlytakenaway；\"carriedover，inthenight—time，totheMint。\"[Orlich，ii。126—128。]
And，infact，nomodernreader，notdeeperinthatdistressingstoryoftheAustrian—SuccessionWarthanreadersareagainliketobe，canimaginetohimselfthedifficultiesofFriedrichatthistime，astheyalreadylaydisclosed，andkeptgraduallydisclosingthemselves，formonthscoming；norwilleverknowwhatperspicacity，patienceofscanning，sharpnessofdiscernment，dexterityofmanagement，wererequiredatFriedrich’shands；——andunderwhatimminencyofperil，too；victoriousdeliverance，orruinandannihilation，waveringfearfullyinthebalanceforhim，morethanonce，orratherallalong。ButitiscertainthedeeperonegoesintothathideousMedea’sCaldronofstupidities，oncesoflamy，nowfallenextinct，themoreisonesensibleofFriedrich’sdifficulties；andofthetalentforallkindsofCaptaincy，——bynomeansintheFieldonly，orperhapsevenchiefly，——thatwasnowrequiredofhim。Candidreadersshallacceptthesehints，anddotheirbest:——Friedrichhimselfmadenottheleastcomplaintofmen’sthenmisunderstandinghim；stilllesswillhenow！
We，keepinghenceforththeDiplomacies，thevaporousForeshadows，andgeneralDanceofUncleanSpiritswiththeirintriguesandspectralities，wellunderground，sofaraspossible，willsticktowhatcomesupaspracticalPerformanceonFriedrich’spart，andtrytogiveintelligibleaccountofthat。
Valorisays，heisgreatlychanged，andforthebetter，bytheselatereversesoffortune。Alltheworldnoticesit，saysValori。
Nolongerthatbriefinfallibilityofmanner；thatloftylightair，thatpolitelydisdainfulviewofValoriandmankind:hehasnowneedofmen。Complainsofnothing，ischeerful，quizzical；——
ardentlybusyto\"grindoutthenotches，\"asourproverbis；hasamildhumaneaspect，somethingofmodesty，almostofpietyinhim。
Helpme，thouSupremePower，Makerofmen，ifmypurposesaremanlike！ThoughonedoesnotgouponthePrayersofForty—Hours，orapplythroughSt。Vitusandsuchchannels，theremaybesomethingofauthenticpetitiontoHeaveninthethoughtsofthatyoungman。
Heisgrownveryamiable；thehandsomestyoungbitofRoyaltynowgoing。HemustfightwellnextSummer，oritwillgohardwithhim！
ChapterVI。
VALORIGOESONANELECTIONEERINGMISSIONTODRESDEN。
SometimeinJanuary，anewFrenchman，a\"ChevalierdeCourten，\"ifthenameisknowntoanybody，washereatBerlin；consulting，settlingaboutmutualinterestsandoperations。SinceBelleisleissnatchedfromus，itisnecessarysomeCourtenshouldcome；
andproducewhathehasgot:littleofsettlement，Ishouldfear，ofdefiniteprogramthatwillholdwater；inregardtoWaroperationschieflyamagazineofclouds。[Specimensofit，inRanke，iii。219。]Fortherest，theBavarianquestion；andveryspecially，WhothenewEmperoristobe？\"KingofPoland，thinksyourMajesty？\"——\"Byallmeans，\"answersFriedrich，\"ifyoucan！
DetachhimfromAustria；thatwillbewell！\"Whichwasreckonedmagnanimous，atleastpublic—spirited，inFriedrich；consideringwhatSaxony’sbehaviortohimhadalreadybeen。\"Byallmeans，hisPolishMajestyforKaiser；doourutmost，ExcellenciesValori，CourtenandCompany！\"answersFriedrich，——andforhisownpart，Iobserve，isintenselybusyuponArmymatters，lookingafterthemainchance。
AndsoValoriistogotoDresden，andmanagethiscloudorcobwebberydepartmentofthething；namely，persuadehisPolishMajestytostandfortheKaisership:\"Baiern，Pfalz，Koln，Brandenburg，therearefourvotes，Sire；yourownisfive:sureofcarryingit，yourPolishMajesty；backedbytheMostChristianKing，andhisAlliesandresources！\"AndPolishMajestydoes，forhisownshare，verymuchdesiretobeKaiser。ButnoneofusyetknowshowheistiedupbyAustria，Anti—Friedrich，Anti—Frenchconsiderations；andcanonly\"acceptifitisofferedme:\"thrice—
willingtoaccept，ifitwillfallintomymouth；which，onthoseterms，ithassolittlechanceofdoing！——Saxonyanditsmysteriousaffairsandintentionshavingbeen，toFriedrich，ariddleandtroubleandastonishment，duringallthisCampaign，readersoughttoknowthefactwell；——andnoreadercouldstandthedetailsofsuchafact。Here，incondensedform，aresomescrapsofExcerpt；
whichenableustogowithValorionthisDresdenMission，andlookforourselves:——
1。FRIEDRICH’SPOSITIONTOWARDSSAXONY。
\"……ByknownTreaty，thePolishMajestyisboundtoassisttheHungarianwith12，000men，’wheneverinvadedinherowndominions。’
PolishMajestyhad20，000inthefieldforthatobjectlately，——
partofthem，8，000ofthem，hiredbyBritannicsubsidy，ashealleges。Thequestionnowis，WillSaxonyassistAustriaininvadingSilesia，withorwithoutBritannicsubsidy？
Friedrichhopesthatthisisimpossible！FriedrichisdeeplyunawareofthehumorhehasraisedagainsthimselfintheSaxonCourt—circles；howthePolishMajestyregardsthatMoravianForay；
withwhataperfecthatredlittleBruhlregardshim，Friedrich；
andtowhatpitchofhumor，owingtothoseMoravian—Foraystarvings，marchingsaboutandinhumantreatmentofthepoorSaxonArmy，nottomentionotheroffencesandafflictiveconsiderations，BruhlhasraisedthesimplePolishMajestyagainstFriedrich。
Thesethings，astheygraduallyunfoldedthemselvestoFriedrich，wereverysurprising。Andprovedverydisadvantageousatthepresentjunctureandforalongtimeafterwards。ToFriedrichdisadvantageousandsurprising；andtoSaxony，intheend，ruinous；
poorSaxonyhavinggotitsbackbrokenbythem，andneverstoodupintheworldsince！RuinedbythiswretchedlittleBruhl；
andreduced，fromthefirstplaceinNorthernTeutschland，toasecondorthird，ornorealplaceatall。\"
2。THEREISA，\"UNIONOFWARSAW\"（8thJanuary，1745）；
ANDSTILLMORESPECIALLYA\"TREATYOFWARSAW\"
（8thJanuary—18thMay，1745）。
\"January8th，1745，beforetheOldDessauergotrankedinSchlesienagainstTraun，therehadconcludeditselfatWarsaw，bywayofcounterpoisetothe’FrankfurtUnion，’a’UnionofWarsaw，’calledalso’QuadrupleAllianceofWarsaw；’thePartiestowhichwerePolishMajesty，Hungarianditto，Prime—Movers，andthetwoSea—PowersasPurseholders；stipulating，totheeffect:’WeFourwillholdtogetherinaffairsoftheReichVERSUSthatdangerousFrankfurtUnion；wewill’——doavarietyofsalutarythings；andasonepracticalthing，’Thereshallbe，thisSeason，30，000SaxonsconjoinedtotheAustrianForce，forwhichweSea—Powerswillfurnishsubsidy。’——Thiswastheonepracticalpointstipulated，January8th；andfartherthanthistheSea—Powersdidnotgo，noworafterwards，inthataffair。
\"ButtherewasthenproposedbythePolishandHungarianMajesties，intheformofSecretArticles，anulteriorProject；withwhichtheSea—Powers，expressingmeredisbeliefandevenabhorrenceofit，refusedtohaveanyconcernnoworhenceforth。PolishMajesty，inhopesitwouldhavebeenbettertaken，hadgivenhis30，000
soldiersatarateofsubsidymiraculouslylow，only150，000poundsforthewhole:buttheSea—Powerswereinexorable，perhapsalmostrepentedoftheir150，000pounds；andwouldhearnothingfartherofsecretArticlesanddeliriousProjects。
\"Sothatthe’UnionofWarsaw’hadtoretiretoitspigeon—hole，contentwithproducingthose30，000Saxonsfortheimmediateoccasion；andtherehadtobeconcoctedbetweenthePolishandHungarianMajestiesthemselveswhatisnow，inthemodernPamphlets，calleda’TREATYofWarsaw，’——muchdifferentfromtheinnocent，’UNIONofWarsaw；’thoughitismerelythespecifyingandfixingdownofwhathadbeenshadowedoutassecretcodicilsinsaid’Union，’whentheSea—Powerpartiesobstinatelyrecoiled。
TreatyofWarsawletuscontinuetocallit；thoughitsactualbirth—placewasLeipzig（intheprofoundestsecrecy，18thMay，1745），abovefourmonthsafterithadtriedtobebornatWarsaw，andfailedasaforesaid。WarsawUnionisnotworthspeakingof；
butthisotherisaTreatyhighlyremarkabletothereader，——andtoFriedrichwasalmostinfinitelyso，whenhecametogetwindofitlongafter。
\"Treatywhich，thoughitprovedabortional，andnevercametofulfilmentinanypartofit，isatthisdayoneoftheremarkablestbitsofsheepskinextantintheworld。Itwassigned18thMay，1745；[Scholl，ii。350。]andhadcostagreatdealofpainfulcontriving，capablestillofnewalteringandretouching，tohitmutualviews:TreatynotonlyforreconqueringSilesia（whichtotheTwoMajesties，thoughitdidnottotheSea—Powers，seemsinfallible，inFriedrich’snowruinedcircumstances），butforcuttingdownthatbadNeighbortosomethinglikethedimensionsproperforaBrandenburgVassal；——infact，quitetheold’DetestableProject’ofSpring，1741，onlymoreelaboratedintodetail（inwhichBritannicGeorgeknowsbetterthantomeddle！）——
Saxonytohaveshareoftheparings，whenwegetthem。
’Whatshare？’askedSaxony，andlongkeepsasking。’AroadtoWarsaw；StripofCountrycarryingusfromtheendoftheLausitz，whichisours，intoPoland，whichwetrustwillcontinueours，wouldbeveryhandy！DuchyofGlogau；somesmallparingofSilesia，won’tyourMajesty？’’OfmySilesianotonehand—breadth，’answeredtheQueenimpatiently（thoughshedidatlastconcedesomeoutlyinghand—breadths，famedold’CircleofSchwiebus，’ifIrecollect）；
andtheyhavehadtothinkofotherequivalentparingsforSaxony’sbehoof（Magdeburg，Halberstadt，Saale—Circle，oroneknowsnotwhat）；andhavehad，andwillhave，theiradoestogetitfixed。
Excellentbearskintobeslitintostraps；onlythebearisstillonhisfeet！——PolishMajestyandHungarian，Polishwithespecialvigor，Bruhlquiterestlessuponit，are——littleasValorioranymortalcoulddreamofit——engagedinthispartitionofthebearskin，whenValoriarrives。OftheirinnocentUnionofWarsaw，therewas，fromthefirst，nosecretmade；buttheDocumentnowcalled’TREATYofWarsaw’needstoliesecretandthrice—secret；
anditwasnottill1756thatFriedrich，havinguneartheditbyindustriesofhisown，andstudieditwithgreatintensityforsomeyears，madeitknowntotheworld。\"[Adelung，v。308。397；
Ranke，iii。231（who，forsomereasonofhisown，dates\"3dMay\"
insteadof18th}。]
Treaties，vaporousForeshadowsofEvents，haveoftenestsomethingoftheghostinthem；andareimportunetohumannature，longingfortheEventsthemselves；allthemoreiftheyhaveprovedabortionalTreaties，andbecomedoublyghost—likeorghastly。
NeverthelessthereaderistonotewellthisTreatyofWarsaw，asimportanttoFriedrichandhim；andindeeditisperhapstheremarkablestTreaty，abortionalorrealized，whichgottoparchmentinthatCentury。Forthoughitprovedabortional，andnopartofit，noworafterwards，couldbeexecuted，andeventhesubsidyand30，000Saxons（stipulatedinthe\"UNIONofWarsaw\"）becamecrow’s—
meatinamanner，——thispreternatural\"TreatyofWarsaw，\"troddendownneversomuchbytheheelofDestiny，andbytheweightofnewTreaties，supersedingitorpresupposingitsimpossibilityorinconceivability，wouldbynomeansdie（suchthehumorofBruhl，oftheTwoMajestiesandothers）；butlayaliveundertheashes，carefullytended，forTenorTwentyYearstocome；——andhadgotallEuropekindledagain，fordestructionofthatbadNeighbor，beforeitwoulditselfconsenttogoout！AnddidsucceedingettingSaxony’sbackbroken，ifnotthebadNeighbor’s，——inanswertothehumoroflittleBruhl；unfortunateSaxonytopossesssuchaBruhl！
InthosebeautifulSaxon—AustriandevelopmentsoftheTreatyofWarsaw，CzarinaElizabeth，bobbingaboutinthatunlovelywhirlpoolofintrigues，amours，devotionsandstrongliquor，whichherHistoryis，took（asknotforwhatreason）alivelypart:——andalreadyinthisSpringof1745，theyhopeshecould，by\"agiftoftwomillionsforherpleasures\"（giftsoeasytoyouSea—Powers），bestirreduptoangeragainstFriedrich。Andshedid，ineffect，fromthistime，hoveraboutinamannerquestionabletoFriedrich；
thoughnotyetinanger，butonlywiththewishtobeimportant，andtomakeherselffeltinForeignaffairs。WhethertheSea—Powersgaveherthattrifleofpocket—money（\"forherpleasures\"），Ineverknew；butitiscertaintheyspent，firstandlast，verylargeamountsthatway，uponherandhers；especiallytheEnglishdid，withwhatresultmaybeconsideredquestionable。
AsforGrafvonBruhl，mostrisingmanofSaxony，onceapage；
nowbyindustryKingAugustIII。’sfirstfavoriteandfactotum；
thefactthathecordiallyhatesFriedrichistooevident；butthewhyisnotknowntome。Exceptindeed，Thatnoman——especiallynomanwiththreehundredandsixty—fivefashionablesuitsofclothesusuallyabouthim，differentsuiteachdayoftheyear——canbecomfortableintheevidentcontemptofanotherman。Othermanofsarcasticbanteringturn，too；tonguesharpasneedles；
whosesayingsmanybirdsoftheairarebusytocarryabout。
Yearafteryear，Bruhl（doubtlesswithhelpenoughthatway，iftherehadneededsuch）hateshimmoreandmore；asthetoojovialCzarinaherselfcomestodo，woundedbythingsthatbirdshavecarried。AndnowwewillgowithValori，——seeingbetterintosomethingsthanValoriyetcan。
3。VALORI’SACCOUNTOFHISMISSION（incompressedform）。
[Valori，i。211—219。]
\"Valori[Icouldguessaboutthe10thofFebruary，butthereisnodateatall]wasdespatchedtoDresdenwiththatfineproject，PolishMajestyforKaiser:isauthorizedtooffer60，000men，withmoneycorresponding，andnoendofbrilliantoutlooks；——mustkeepbackhisoffers，however，ifhefindthepeopleindisposed。
Whichhedid，toanextremedegree；nothingbutvaguetalk，procrastination，hesitationonthepartofBruhl。ThiswretchedlittleBruhlhastwelvetailorsalwayssewingforhim，andthreehundredandsixty—fivesuitsofclothes:somanysuits，allpicturedinaBook；avaletenterseverymorning，proposesasuit，which，afterdeliberation，withperhapsamendments，isaccededto，andwornatdinner。Vainestofhumanclothes—horses；foolishestcoxcombValorihasseen:itisvisiblyhisnotionthatitwashe，Bruhl，byhisSaxonauxiliaries，byhismasterlystrokesofpolicy，thatcheckmatedFriedrich，anddrovehimfromBohemialastYear；
and，fortherest，thatFriedrichisruined，andwilleithershirkoutofSilesia，orbecuttoribbonstherebytheAustrianforcethisSummer。TowhichValorihintsdissent；butitisillreceived。
ValoriseestheKing；findshim，asexpected，thefac—simileofBruhlinthismatter；JesuitGuarinithelike:howotherwise？
TheyhavehisMajestyintheirleash，andleadhimastheyplease。
\"Atfoureverymorning，thisGuarini，JesuitConfessortotheKingandQueen，comestoBruhl；BruhlsettleswithhimwhathisMajestyshallthink，inreferencetocurrentbusiness，thisday；
Guarinithengoes，confessesbothMajesties；confesses，absolves，turnsintheduewaytosecularmatters。Atnine，Bruhlhimselfarrives，forPrivyCouncil:’WhatisyourMajestypleasedtothinkonthesepointsofcurrentbusiness？’Majestyserenelyissueshisthoughts，intheformoforders；whicharefoundcorrecttopattern。ThisistheprocesswithhisMajesty。ApoorMajesty，takingdeeplyintotobacco；thisisthewaytheyhavehimbenetted，asinadarkcocoonofcobwebs，renderingthewholeworldinvisibletohim。Whichcunningarrangementismoreandmoreperfectedeveryyear；sothatonallroadshetravels，beittomass，tohunt，todinner，any—whitherinhisPalaceoroutofit，therearefaithfulcreatureskeepingeye，whoadmitnounsafemantotheleastglimpseofhimbynightorbyday。Inthismannerhegoeson；andbeforetheendofhim，twentyyearshence，hascarrieditfar。Nothingbutdisgusttobehadoutofbusiness；——mutinousPolishDietstoo，somefortyofthem，inhistime，notoneofwhichdidanybusinessatall，butendedinLIBERUMVETO，andBillingsgateconflagration，perhapswithswordsdrawn:[SeeBuchholz，154；&c。]——businessmoreandmoredisagreeabletohim。WhatcanValoriexpect，onthisheroicoccasion，fromsuchaKing？
\"TheQueenherself，MariaTheresa’sCousin，anambitioushard—favoredMajesty，——whohadsenseoncetodislikeBruhl，buthasbeenquitereconciledtohimbyherJesuitMessengerofHeaven（whichlatterisanoily，ratherstupidcreature，whoreallywisheswelltoher，andlovesapeaceablelifeatanyprice），——evenshewillnottakethebait。ValoriwasinDresdenninedays（middlepartofFebruary，itislikely）；neverproducedhisbigbait，his60，000menandotherbrilliancies，atall。HesawoldFeldmarschallKonigseckpassingfromViennatowardstheNetherlandsCamp；
whereheistodry—nurse（sotheyirreverentlycallit，intimecoming）hisRoyalHighnessofCumberland，thatmagnificentEnglishBabeofWar，anddofeatswithhimthisSummer。\"Konigseck，thoughValorididnotknowit，hasendlessdiplomaciestodowithal；
inspectionsoftroops，advisings，inHanover，inHolland，inDresdenhere；[Anonymous，DukeofCumberland，
p。186。]——andsecurestheSaxonElectoral—VoteforhisGrand—Dukeinpassing。\"ThewelcomegiventoKonigseckdisgustedValori；
ontheninthdayheleft；saidadieu，seeingthemblindtotheirinterest；andtookpostforBerlin，\"——wherehefindsFriedrichmuchoutofhumorattheSaxonreceptionofhismagnanimities。[Valori，i。211—219；OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。81—85。
FordetailsonBruhl，seeGrafvonBruhl，LebenundCharakter（1760，NoPlace）:Anonymous，byoneJusti，anotedPamphleteerofthetime:existsinEnglishtoo，orpartlyexists；butisunreadable，exceptoncompulsion；andtotallyunintelligibletillafterverymuchinquiryelsewhere。]
ThisSaxonintricacy，indecipherable，formidable，contemptible，wastheplagueofFriedrich’slife，oneconsiderableplague，allthroughthisCampaign。PerhapsnothingintheDiplomaticsphereofthingscausedhimsuchperplexity，vexation，indignation。
Aninsolubleriddletohim；extremelycontemptible，yet，——withahugeRussiatackedtoit，andloomingminatoryinthedistance，——
fromtimetotime，formidableenough。Letreaderskeepitinmind，andtrytoimagineit。ItcostFriedrichsuchguessing，computing，arranging，rearranging，aswouldwearythetoughestreadertohearofindetail。HowFriedrichdidatlastsolveit（inDecembercoming），allreaderswillseewitheyes！——
MIDDLE—RHINEAWNYINASTAGGERINGSTATE；THEBAVARIAN
INTRICACYSETTLESITSELF，THEWRONGWAY。
EarlyinMarchitbecomessurmisablethatMaillebois’sMiddle—RhineArmywillnotgoagoodroad。Mailleboishasbeenbusyinthosecountries，workingextensivediscontent；bullyingmankind\"tojointheFrankfurtUnion，\"tojoinFranceatanyrate，whichnobodywouldconsentto；andexactingmercilesscontributions，whicheverybodyhadtoconsenttoandpay。——Andnow，onD’Ahremberg’smereadvance，withthatpoorFractionofPragmaticArmy，rousedfromitswintersleep，Maillebois，withoutwaitingforD’Ahremberg’sattack，rapidlycallsinhistruculentdetachments，androllsconfusedlybackintotheFrankfurtregions。[Adelung，iv。
276—352（December，1744—March，1745）。]UponwhichD’Ahremberg——ifbynomeansgoinguponMaillebois’sthroat——sets，atleast，tocoercingWilhelmofHessen，ouronlyfriendinthoseparts；whoisalreadyagooddealdisgustedwiththeMailleboisprocedures，andatalosswhattodoontheKaiser’sdeath，whichhaskilledtheFrankfurtUniontoo。WiseWilhelmconsents，underD’Ahremberg’smenaces，tobecomeNeutral；andrecallhis6，000outofBaiern，——
wisheshehadthemhomebesidehimevennow！
WithanElectioninthewind，itisdoublynecessaryfortheFrench，whohavenotevenaCandidateasyet，tostandsupremeandminatoryintheFrankfurtCountry；andtoKingFriedrichitispainfullyquestionable，whetherMailleboiscandoit。\"Doitwewill；doubtnotthat，yourMajesty！\"answerValoriandtheFrench；
——andstudytomakeimprovements，reinforcements，intheirRhineArmy。Andtheydo，atleast，changetheGeneraloftheirMiddle—
RhineArmy，——thatistosay，recallPrinceContioutofItaly，wherehehasdistinguishedhimself，andsendMailleboisthitherinhisstead，——wholikewisedistinguisheshimselfTHERE，ifthatcouldbeacomforttous！WhetherthedistinguishedContiwillmaintainthatFrankfurtCountryinspiteoftheAustriansandtheirElectionmovements，isstillaquestionwithFriedrich，thoughValoricontinuedassuringhim（alwaystillJulycame）that，itwasbeyondquestion。\"SiegeofTournay，vigorousCampaignintheNetherlands（forbehoofofBritannicGeorge）！\"thisisthegrandFrenchprogramfortheYear。Thisgoodintentionwasachieved，ontheFrenchpart；
butthis，likeAaron’srodamongtheserpents，provedtohaveEATEN
theothersasitwriggledalong！——
ThoseMaillebois—D’AhrembergaffairsthrowadampontheBavarianQuestionwithal；——infact，settletheBavarianQuestion；herHungarianMajesty，tiredofthedelays，havingorderedBathyanitoshoulderarmsagain，andbringadecision。Bathyani，withBarenklautorightofhim，andBrowne（ouroldSilesianfriend）toleft，goessweepingacrossthoseSeckendorf—Segurposts，andwithoutdifficultytumbleseverythingtoruin，atagrandrate。ThetraitorSeckendorfhadmadesuchachoiceofposts，——leftunalteredbyDrumThorring；——whatcouldFrenchvalordo？Nothing；neitherFrenchvalor，norBavarianwantofvalor，coulddoanythingbutwhirltotheright—about，atsightoftheAustrianSweeping—Apparatus；
andgooffexplosively，asinformerinstances，ataratealmostuniqueinmilitaryannals。Finishedwithinthreeweeksorso！——
Weglanceonlyattwopointsofit。March21st，Bathyanistoodtoarms（toBESOMSwemightcallit），Browneontheleft，Barenklauontheright:itwasMarch21stwhenBathyanistartedfromPassau，uptheDonauCountries；——andwithintheweekcoming，see:——
\"VILSHOFEN，28thMARCH，1745。Here，atthemouthoftheVilsRiver（betweenInnandIser），isthefirstconsiderablePost；
garrisonsome4，000；HessiansandPrinceFriedrichthemainpart，——whohavetheirshareofvalor，Idaresay；butwithsuchnewsoutofHessen，nottospeakoftheprospectsinthisCountry，areprobablyinpoorishspiritsforacting。GeneralBrownesummonstheminVilshofen，thisday；and，ontheirnegative，stormsinuponthem，burststhemtopieces；uponwhichtheybeatchamade。ButtheCroats，whoareforemost，carenothingforchamade:goplundering，slaughtering；burnthepoorTown；butcher[inroundnumbers]3，000
ofthepoorHessians；andwoundGeneralBrownehimself，whilehetoovehementlyinterferes。\"[Adelung，iv。356，andthehalf—
intelligibleFoot—noteinRanke，iii。220。]Thiswasthefinaleofthose6，000Hessians，andindeedtheirprincipalfunction，whileinFrenchpay；——andmusthavebeen，wecanJudgehowsurprisingtoPrinceFriedrich，andtohisPapaonhearingofit！
Noteanotherpoint。
Preciselyaboutthistimetwelvemonth，\"March16th，1746，\"thesamePrinceFriedrich，withremainderofthoseHessians，nowagaincompletedto6，000，andcomebackwithemphasistotheBritannicsideofthings，was——marchingoutofEdinburgh，inmuchstate，withstreamers，kettle—drums，Highness’scoaches，horses，led—horses，onanunexpectederrand。[Henderson（WhigEye—witness）。
HistoryoftheRebellion，1745and1746（London，1748，reprintfromtheEdinburghedition），pp。104，106，107。]
TowardStirling，Perth；towardsKilliecrankie，andraisingofwhatiscalled\"theSiegeofBlairinAthol\"（mostminuteof\"sieges，\"
butsubtendingagreatanglethereandthen）；——muchofunexpected，andnearerhomethan\"TournayandtheNetherlandsCampaign，\"havinghappenedtoBritannicGeorgeinthecourseofthisyear，1746！
\"Reallyveryfinetroops，thoseHessians[observesmyorthodoxWhigfriend]:theycarryswordsaswellasgunsandbayonets；
theiruniformisblueturnedupwithwhite:theHussarpartofthem，about500，havescimitarsofagreatlength；smallhorses，mostlyblack，ofSwedishbreed；swiftdurablelittlecreatures，withlongtails。\"Honors，dinners，tohisSereneHighnesshadbeennumerous，duringthethreeweekswehadhiminEdinburgh；
\"especiallythatBall，February21st（o。s。），eveofhisConsortthePrincessMary’sBirthday[EVEofbirthday，\"letusdancetheauspiciousmorningIN]was，foraffluenceofNobilityandGentryofbothsexes，\"asublimething……
PFAFFENHOFEN，APRIL15th。\"UnfortunateSegur，theSegurofLinzthreeyearsago，——whoseconductwasgreat，accordingtoValori，butpowerlessagainsttraitorsandfate！——wasagain，oncemore，unfortunateinthoseparts。UnfortunateSegurdrewupatPfaffenhofen（centreoftheCountry，manymilesfromVilshofen）todefendhimself，whenfallenuponbyBarenklau，inthatmanner；
butcouldnot，thoughwithmasterlydemeanor；andhadtoretreatthreedays，withhisfacetotheenemy，sotospeak，fightingandmanoeuvringalltheway:noshelterforhimeitherbutMunchen，andthat，amosttemporaryone。InsteadoftakingStraubingen，takingPassau，perhapsofpushingontoViennaitself，thisiswhatwehavealreadycometo。NoRhineArmy，Middle—RhineArmy，Coigny，Maillebois，Conti，whoeveritwas，shouldsendustheleastreinforcement，whenshriekedto。Nooutlookwhateverbutrapidwithdrawal，retreattotheRhineArmy，sinceitwillnotstirtohelpus。\"[Adelung，iv。360。]
\"TheyoungKur—Baiernisstillpolite，grateful[tousFrench]，overwhelmsuswithpoliteness；butfliestoAugsburg，ashisFatherusedtodo。Notable，however，hispoorfatlittleMotherwon’t，thistime:’No，Iwillstayhere，Iforone，andhavedonewithflyingandrunning；wehavehadenoughofthat！’Seckendorf，quitegonefromCourtinthiscrisis，reappears，aboutthemiddleofApril，inquestionablecapacity；ataplacecalledFussen，notfaroff，atthefootoftheTyrolHills；——wherecertainAustrianDignitariesseemalsotobeenjoyingapicturesqueEaster！
Yesindeed:and，onAPRIL22d，thereissigneda’PEACEOFFUSSEN’
there；generalamicableAS—YOU—WERE，betweenAustriaandBavaria（’RenounceyourAnti—Pragmaticmoonshineforevermore，voteforourGrand—Duke；thereisyourBavariaback，poorwretches！’）——
andSeckendorf，itispresumable，willgethisTurkisharrearsliquidated。
\"TheBavarianIntricacy，whichonceexcelledhumanpower，issettled，then。CarteretandHaslangtrieditinvain[dreadfulheterodoxintentionsofsecularizingSalzburg，secularizingPassau，Regensburg，andloudtremulousdenialofsuch]；——CarteretandWilhelmofHesseu[ConferencesofHanau，whichruinedCarteret]，invain；KingFriedrich，andmanyKings，invain:athingnobodycouldsettle；——andithasatlastsettleditself，asthegeneralityofill—guidedandunluckythingsdo，bycollapse。Deliriumonceout，thelawofgravityacts；andtherethemadmatterlies。\"
\"BoughtbyAustria，thatoldvillain！\"crytheFrench。
FriedrichdoesnotthinktheAustriansboughtSeckendorf，havingnomoneyatpresent；butguessestheymayhavegivenhimtounderstandthatacertainlargearrearofpaymentdueeversincethoseTurkishWars，——whenSeckendorf，insteadofpayment，waslodgedintheFortressofGratz，andalmostgothisheadcutoff，——shouldnowbepaiddownincash，orauthenticPaper—money，ifmattersbecomeamicable。[OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。22；
SeckendorfsLeben，pp。367—376。]Astheyhavedone，inFriedrich’sdespite；——whoseemsangrierattheoldstagerforthisparticularill—turnthanforalltheothermany；andlongremembersit，aswillappear。
ChapterVII。
FRIEDRICHINSILESIA；UNUSUALLYBUSY。
Here，sureenough，aresadnewintricaciesintheDiplomatic，hypotheticsphereofthings；andcloudspilingthemselvesahead，inaveryminatorymannertoKingFriedrich。LetKingFriedrich，allthemore，gethisFightingArrangementsmadeperfect。Diplomacyisclouds；beatingofyourenemiesisseaandland。AustriaandtheGazetteerworldconsiderFriedrichtobeasgoodasfinished:
butthatisprivatelyfarfrombeingFriedrich’sownopinion；——
thoughtheseoccurrencesareheavyanddismaltohim，asnoneofuscannowfancy。
HerrRankehasgotaccess，intheArchives，toaseriesofprivateutterancesbyFriedrich，——Lettersfromhim，ofafrankernaturethanusual，andlettingusfardeeperintohismind；——whichmusthavebeenwellworthreadingintheoriginal，intheirfullydatedanddevelopedcondition。FromHerrRanke’sFragmentaryExcerpts，letus，thankfulforwhatwehavegot，selectoneortwo。
TheLettersaretoMinisterPodewilsatBerlin；writtenfromSilesia（Neisseandneighborhood），where，sincethemiddleofMarch，Friedrichhasbeen，personallypushingonhisArmyPreparations，whiletheabovesinisterthingsbefell。
KINGFRIEDRICHTOPODEWILS，INBERLIN（undervariousdates，March—April，1745）。
NEISSE，29thMARCH……\"Wefindourselvesinagreatcrisis。Ifwedon’t，bymediationofEngland，getPeace，ourenemiesfromdifferentsides[Saxony，Austria，whoknowsifnotRussiawithal！]
willcomeplunginginagainstme。PeaceIcannotforcethemto。
ButiftheymusthaveWar，wewilleitherbeatthem，ornoneofuswillseeBerlinagain。\"[Ranke，iii。236etseqq。]
APRIL（nodaygiven）……\"Inanycase，Ihavemytroopswelltogether。Thesicknessesareceasing；therecruitmentsarecomingin:shortlyallwillbecomplete。ThatdoesnothinderusfrommakingPeace，ifitwillonlycome；but，inthecontrarycase，nobodycanaccusemeofneglectingwhatwasnecessary。\"
APRIL17th（stillfromNeisse）……\"Itoildayandnighttoimproveoursituation。Thesoldierswilldotheirduty。Thereisnoneamonguswhowillnotratherhavehisbackbonebrokenthangiveuponefoot—breadthofground。TheymusteithergrantusagoodPeace，orwewillsurpassourselvesbymiraclesofdaring；
andforcetheenemytoacceptitfromus。\"
APRIL20th。\"Oursituationisdisagreeable；constrained，akindofspasm:butmydeterminationistaken。Ifweneedsmustfight，wewilldoitlikemendrivendesperate。NeverwasthereagreaterperilthanthatIamnowin。Time，atitsownpleasure，willuntiethisknot；orDestiny，ifthereisone，determinetheevent。
ThegameIplayissohigh，onecannotcontemplatetheissuewithcoldblood。Prayforthereturnofmygoodluck。\"——Twodayshence，thepooryoungKur—Baiern，deaftotheFrenchseductionsandexertions，whichwereintense，hadsignedhis\"PeaceofFussen\"
（22dApril1745），——afinaletoFranceontheGermanField，asmaybefeared！TheotherFragmentswewillgivealittlefartheron。
FriedrichhadleftBerlinforSilesiaMarch15th；rathersoonerthanhecountedon，——OldLeopoldpleadingtobelethome。
AtGlogau，atBreslau，therehadbeenthedueinspecting:
FriedrichgottoNeisseonthe23d（BathyanijuststirringinthatBavarianBusiness，VilshofenandtheHessianscloseahead）；andonthe27th，haddismissedOldLeopold，withthanksandsympathies，——
senthimhome，\"torecoverhishealth。\"Leopold’shealthisprobablysuffering；buthisheartandspiritsstillmore。Pooroldman，hehasjustlost——theotherweek，\"5thFebruary\"last——hispooroldWife，atDessau；andisbrokendownwithgrief。ThesoftsilkliningofhishardExistence，inallpartsofit，istornaway。ApothecaryFos’sDaughter，Reich’sPrincess，PrincessofDessau，calledbywhatevername，shehadbeenthetruestofWives；
\"usedtoattendhiminallhisCampaigns，forabovefiftyyearsback。\"\"Gone，now，forevergone！\"——OldLeopoldhadwellsofstrangesorrowintheruggedheartofhim，——sorrow，andstillbetterthings，——whichhedoesnotwearonhissleeve。HereisanincidentInevercanforget；——datingtwelveorthirteenyearsago（asiscomputable），middleofJuly，1732。
\"Louisa，Leopold’seldestDaughter，WifeofVictorLeopold，reigningPrinceofAnhalt—Bernburg，laydyingofadecline。\"
Stillonlytwenty—three，poorLady，thoughmarriedsevenyearsago；
——theendnowevidentlydrawingnigh。\"Afewdaysbeforeherdeath，——perhapssomeattendantsorrowfullyasking，’Canwedonothing，then？’——shewasheardtosay，’IfIcouldseemyFatherattheheadofhisRegiment，yetonce！’\"——Halle，wheretheRegimentlies，issomethirtyormoremilesoff；andKingFriedriohWilhelm，Isuppose，wouldhavetobewrittento:——Leopoldwasreadythesoonestpossible；and，\"atasethour，marched，inallpomp，withbannerflying，musicplayiug，intotheSCHLOSS—HOF（PalaceCourt）
ofBernburg；anddidtheduesalutationsandmanoeuvrings，——hispoorDaughtersittingatherwindow，tilltheyended；\"——figurethem，thelastglitterofthosemuskets，thelastwailofthatband—music！——\"TheRegimentwasthenmarchedtotheWaisenhaus（ORPHAN—HOUSE），wherethecommonmenweretreatedwithbreadandbeer；alltheOfficersdiningatthePrince’sTable。AlltheOfficers，exceptLeopoldalone，whostoleawayoutofthecrowd；
sathimselfuponthebalustradeoftheSaaleBridge，andweptintotheriver。\"[LEBEN（12mo；notRannft’s，butAnonymouslikehis），p。234n。]——Leopoldisnowontheedgeofseventy；readytothinkallisfinishedwithhim。Perhapsnotquite，mytougholdfriend；
recoveryourselfalittle，andweshallsee！
OldLeopoldishardlyhomeatDessau，whennewPandourTempests，tidesofravagingWar，againcomebeatingagainsttheGiantMountains，pouringthroughallpasses；fromutmostJablunka，westwardbyJagerndorftoGlatz，hugeinfluxofwildridinghordes，eachwithsomesupportofAustriangrenadiers，cannoniers；
threateningtosubmergeSilesia。Precursors，Friedrichneednotdoubt，ofastrenuousregularattemptthatway，HungarianMajesty’sfixedintention，hopeanddeterminationis，ToexpelhimstraightwayfromSilesia。HerPatentcirculates，thesethreemonths；callingonallmentotakenoteofthatfixedfact，especiallyonallSilesianmentonoteitwell，andshifttheirallegianceaccordingly。Silesianmen，ingreatmajority，——ourfriendtheMayorofLandshut，forexample？——arebelievedtohavenoinclinationtowardschange:andwhoeverhas，hadclearlybetternotshowanytillhesee！[InRanke（iii。234），thereisvestigeofsomeintended\"voluntarysubscriptionbythecommonpeopleofGlatz，\"forFriedrich’sbehoof；——contrariwise，inOrlich（ii。380，\"6thFebruary，1745，\"fromtheDessauArchives），noticeofoneindividual，suspectedofstirringforAustria，whom\"youaretoputunderlockandkey；\"——butherunsoff，andhasnosuccessor，thatI
hearof。]——