THE SCIENCE OF RIGHT

第4章

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第4章

THE SCIENCE OF RIGHT Immanual Kant

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THE SCIENCE OF RIGHT
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  Myotherwisepersonalrightisthustransmutedintoarealright,accordingtowhichImaytakeandvindicatetheobjectasminewhereverImayfindit,withoutbeingresponsibleforthewayinwhichtheSellerhadcomeintopossessionofit。

  Itisthereforeonlyinbehoofoftherequirementsofjuridicaldecisioninacourt(infavoremjustitaedistributivae)thattherightinrespectofathingisregarded,notaspersonal,whichitisinitself,butasreal,becauseitcanthusbemosteasilyandcertainlyadjudged;anditisthusacceptedanddealtwithaccordingtoapureprincipleapriori。Uponthisprinciple,variousstatutorylawscometobefoundedwhichspeciallyaimatlayingdowntheconditionsunderwhichaloneamodeofacquisitionshallbelegitimate,sothatthejudgemaybeabletoassigneveryonehisownaseasilyandcertainlyaspossible。Thus,inthebrocard,\"Purchasebreakshire,\"whatbythenatureofthesubjectisarealright—namelythehire—istakentoholdasamerelypersonalright;

  and,conversely,asinthecasereferredtoabove,whatisinitselfmerelyapersonalrightisheldtobevalidasarealright。Andthisisdoneonlywhenthequestionarisesastotheprinciplesbywhichacourtofjusticeinthecivilstateistobeguided,inordertoproceedwithallpossiblesafetyindeliveringjudgementontherightsofindividuals。

  40。IV。AcquisitionofSecuritybytheTakingofanOath。

  (CautioJuratoria)。

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