Fromthedutythusindicated,therefurthernecessarilyarisestherightoftheparentstothemanagementandtrainingofthechild,solongasitisitselfincapableofmakingproperuseofitsbodyasanorganism,andofitsmindasanunderstanding。Thisinvolvesitsnourishmentandthecareofitseducation。Thisincludes,ingeneral,thefunctionofforminganddevelopingitpractically,thatitmaybeableinthefuturetomaintainandadvanceitself,andalsoitsmoralcultureanddevelopment,theguiltofneglectingitfallingupontheparents。Allthistrainingistobecontinuedtillthechildreachestheperiodofemancipation(emancipatio),astheageofpracticableself—support。Theparentsthenvirtuallyrenouncetheparentalrighttocommand,aswellasallclaimtorepaymentfortheirpreviouscareandtrouble;forwhichcareandtrouble,aftertheprocessofeducationiscomplete,theycanonlyappealtothechildren,bywayofanyclaim,onthegroundoftheobligationofgratitudeasadutyofvirtue。
Fromthefactofpersonalityinthechildren,itfurtherfollowsthattheycanneverberegardedasthepropertyoftheparents,butonlyasbelongingtothembywayofbeingintheirpossession,likeotherthingsthatareheldapartfromthepossessionofallothersandthatcanbebroughtbackevenagainstthewillofthesubjects。
Hencetherightoftheparentsisnotapurelyrealright,anditisnotalienable(juspersonalissimum)。Butneitherisitamerelypersonalright;itisapersonalrightofarealkind,thatis,apersonalrightthatisconstitutedandexercisedafterthemannerofarealright。
Itisthereforeevidentthatthetitleofapersonalrightofarealkindmustnecessarilybeadded,inthescienceofright,tothetitlesofrealrightandpersonalright,thedivisionofrightsintothesetwobeingnotcomplete。For,iftherightoftheparentstothechildrenweretreatedasifitweremerelyarealrighttoapartofwhatbelongstotheirhouse,theycouldnotfoundonlyuponthedutyofthechildrentoreturntotheminclaimingthemwhentheyrunaway,buttheywouldbethenentitledtoseizethemandimpoundthemlikethingsorrunawaycattle。
TITLEIII。HouseholdRight。(MasterandServant)