Essays on Life, Art and Science

第6章

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第6章

Essays on Life, Art and Science Samuel Butler

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Essays on Life, Art and Science
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  BeforeconcludingIshouldwishtodealalittlemorefullywithProfessorMaxMuller’scontentionthattherecanbenoreasonwithoutlanguage,andnolanguagewithoutreason。Surelywhentwopractisedpugilistsarefighting,parryingeachother’sblows,andwatchingkeenlyforanunguardedpoint,theyarethinkingandreasoningverysubtlythewholetime,withoutdoingsoinwords。

  Themachinationoftheirthoughts,aswellasitsexpression,isactual——Imean,effectuatedandexpressedbyactionanddeed,notwords。Theyareunawareofanylogicalsequenceofthoughtthattheycouldfollowinwordsaspassingthroughtheirmindsatall。

  Theymayperhapsthinkconsciouslyinwordsnowandagain,butsuchthoughtwillbeintermittent,andthemainpartofthefightingwillbedonewithoutanyinternalconcomitanceofarticulatedphrases。

  Yetwecannotdoubtthattheiraction,howevermuchwemaydisapproveofit,isguidedbyintelligenceandreason;norshouldwedoubtthatareasoningprocessofthesamecharactergoesoninthemindsoftwodogsorfighting-cockswhentheyarestrivingtomastertheiropponents。

  Dowethinkinwords,again,whenwewindupourwatches,putonourclothes,oreatourbreakfasts?Ifwedo,itisgenerallyaboutsomethingelse。Wedothesethingsalmostasmuchwithoutthehelpofwordsaswewinkoryawn,orperformanyofthoseotheractionsthatwecallreflex,asitwouldalmostseembecausetheyaredonewithoutreflection。Theyarenot,however,thelessreasonablebecausewordless。

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