The’mechaniccorpusculartheory’；theconsequentdecayofphilosophy，illustratedbysuchphrasesasanexcellent’idea’ofcooking；’theourang-outangtheologyoftheoriginofthehumanspeciessubstitutedforthefirsttenchaptersofthebookofGenesis；rightsofnatureforthedutiesandprivilegesofcitizens；idealessfacts，misnamedproofsfromhistory，forprinciplesandtheinsightderivedfromthem；alltheseandothercalamitousresultsofmodernphilosophyareconnectedwithaneglectofthewell-beingofthepeople，themistakingofalargerevenueforprosperity，andtheconsumptionofginbypauperstothe’valueofeighteenmillionsyearly。’HeappealspatheticallytotheleadersoftheUtilitarians。Theywillscornhimforpronouncingthata’naturalclerisy’is’anessentialelementofarightlyconstitutednation。’Alltheirtractsocietiesandmechanics’institutesand’lecturebazaarsundertheabsurdnameofuniversities’are’empiricspecifics’whichfeedthedisease，Sciencewillbeplebified，notpopularised，themoralitynecessaryforastate，canonlyexistforthepeopleintheformofreligion。Buttheexistenceofatruephilosophy，orthepowerandhabitofcontemplatingparticularsintheunityandfontalmirroroftheidea，——thisintherulersandteachersofanationisindispensabletoasoundstateofreligioninallclasses。Infact，religion，trueorfalse，isandeverhasbeenthecentreofgravityinarealmtowhichallotherthingsmustandwillaccommodatethemselves。’
TheexistenceoftheeighteenthcenturyalwaysremainedahopelesspuzzleforColeridgeandhisfollowers。
Whyatthatperiodeverythingwentwronginthehigherregionsofthoughtremainedamystery。’Godisabove，’saysSirThomasMoretoSouthey，99’butthedevilisbelow；evilprinciplesareintheirnaturemoreactivethangood。’Thedevilseemedtohavegotintotheupperair，andwasworkingwithhisallies，BenthamandMillandPaineandCobbett，withremarkablesuccess。But，whateverthetheoriesofconservativesinchurchandstate，thefactthatthetheorieswereheldisimportant。Thediametricaloppositionbetweentwoschools，oneofwhichregardedthechurchasasimpleabuse，anditsdoctrinesaseffetesuperstitions，whiletheotherlookedtothechurchanditscreedasgivingthesolehopeforsuppressingtheevilprinciple，wasacriticalpointinlatermovements，politicalaswellasreligious。
IV。SOCIALISM
IhavespokenofSouthey’ssympathyforRobertOwen。Owen1771-1858isoneofthecharacteristicfiguresofthetime，HewasthesonofavillagetradesmaninWales，andhadrisentoprosperitybythequalitiesofthevirtuousapprentice。Industry，patience，animperturbablygoodtemper，andsagacityinbusinessmattershadraisedhimtohighpositionasamanufactureratthetimeoftherapidadvanceofthecottontrade。Manypoormenhavefollowedthesamepathtowealth。Owen’speculiaritywasthatwhilehebecameacapitalisthepreservedhissympathywiththeworking。classes。Whileimprovingmachinery，hecomplainedthatthe’livingmachinery’wasneglected。OnegreatstepinhiscareerwashismarriagetothedaughterofDavidDaleofNewLanark，areligiousandworthymanufacturer。100Dalehademployedanumberofpauperchildrenwhowereinthatdaytobedisposedofbytheirparishes；andhaddonehisbesttomaketheirpositionmoretolerable。