Latter-Day Pamphlets

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第5章

Latter-Day Pamphlets Thomas Carlyle

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Latter-Day Pamphlets
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  Reader,didyoueverhearof“ConstitutedAnarchy“?Anarchy;thechoking,sweltering,deadlyandkillingruleofNo-rule;theconsecrationofcupidity,andbrayingfolly,anddimstupidityandbaseness,inmostoftheaffairsofmen?Slop-shirtsattainablethreehalfpencecheaper,bytheruinoflivingbodiesandimmortalsouls?SolemnBishopsandhighDignitaries,_our_

  divine“PillarsofFirebynight,“debatingmeanwhile,withtheirlargestwigsandgravestlook,uponsomethingtheycall“prevenientgrace“?Alas,ournoblemenofgenius,Heaven’s_real_messengerstous,theyalsorenderednearlyfutilebythewastefultime;——preappointedtheyeverywhere,andassiduouslytrainedbyalltheirpedagoguesandmonitors,to“riseinParliament,“tocomposeorations,writebooks,orinshortspeakwords,fortheapprovalofreviewers;insteadofdoingrealkinglyworktobeapprovedofbythegods!Our“Government,“ahighly“responsible“one;responsibletonoGodthatIcanhearof,buttothetwenty-sevenmillion_gods_oftheshillinggallery。AGovernmenttumblinganddriftingonthewhirlpoolsandmud-deluges,floatingatopinaconspicuousmanner,no-whither,——likethecarcassofadrownedass。Authentic_Chaos_comeupintothissunnyCosmosagain;andallmensingingGloriain_excelsis_toit。Inspiritualsandtemporals,infieldandworkshop,fromManchestertoDorsetshire,fromLambethPalacetotheLanesofWhitechapel,wherevermenmeetandtoilandtraffictogether,——Anarchy,Anarchy;andonlythestreet-constablethoughwithever-increasingdifficultystillmaintaininghimselfinthemiddleofit;thatso,foronething,thisblessedexchangeofslop-shirtsforthesoulsofwomenmaytransactitselfinapeaceablemanner!——I,formypart,doprofessmyselfineternaloppositiontothis,anddiscernwellthatuniversalRuinhasusinthewind,unlesswecangetoutofthis。MyfriendCrabbe,inalatenumberofhis_IntermittentRadiator_,pertinentlyenoughexclaims:——

  “WhenshallwehavedonewithallthisofBritishLiberty,VoluntaryPrinciple,DangersofCentralization,andthelike?Itisreallygettingtoobad。ForBritishLiberty,itseems,thepeoplecannotbetaughttoread。BritishLiberty,shudderingtointerferewiththerightsofcapital,takessixoreightmillionsofmoneyannuallytofeedtheidlelaborerwhomitdarenotemploy。ForBritishLibertyweliveoverpoisonouscesspools,gully-drains,anddetestableabominations;andomnipotentLondoncannotsweepthedirtoutofitself。BritishLibertyproduces——what?FloodsofHansardDebateseveryyear,andapparentlylittleelseatpresent。IfthesearetheresultsofBritishLiberty,I,forone,moveweshouldlayitontheshelfalittle,andlookoutforsomethingotherandfarther。WehaveachievedBritishLibertyhundredsofyearsago;andarefastgrowing,onthestrengthofit,oneofthemostabsurdpopulationstheSun,amonghisgreatMuseumofAbsurdities,looksdownuponatpresent。“

  Curiousenough:themodeloftheworldjustnowisEnglandandherConstitution;allNationsstrivingtowardsit:poorFranceswimmingtheselastsixtyyearsinseasofhorriddissolutionandconfusion,resolutetoattainthisblessednessoffreevoting,ortodieinchaseofit。Prussiatoo,solidGermanyitself,hasallbrokenoutintocracklingofmusketry,loudpamphleteeringandFrankfortparliamentingandpalavering;Germanytoowillscalethesacredmountains,howsteepsoever,and,bytalismanofballot-box,inhabitapoliticalElysiumhenceforth。AlltheNationshavethatonehope。Verynotable,andrathersadtothehumaneon-looker。Foritissadlyconjectured,alltheNationslaborsomewhatunderamistakeastoEngland,andthecausesofherfreedomandherprosperouscotton-spinning;andhavemuchmisreadthenatureofherParliament,andtheeffectofballot-boxesanduniversalsuffragesthere。

  WhatifitwerebecausetheEnglishParliamentwasfromthefirst,andisonlyjustnowceasingtobe,aCouncilofactualRulers,realGoverningPersonscalledPeers,MitredAbbots,Lords,KnightsoftheShire,orhowsoevercalled,actually_ruling_eachhissectionofthecountry,——andpossessingitmustbesaidinthelump,orwhenassembledasaCouncil,uncommonpatience,devoutness,probity,discretionandgoodfortune,——thatthesaidParliamentevercametobegoodformuch?Inthatcaseitwillnotbeeasyto“imitate“theEnglishParliament;andtheballot-boxandsuffragewillbethemerebowofRobinHood,whichitisgiventoveryfewtobend,orshootwithtoanyperfection。AndifthePeersbecomemerebigCapitalists,RailwayDirectors,giganticHucksters,KingsofScrip,_without_lordlyquality,orothervirtueexceptcash;andtheMitredAbbotschangetomereAble-Editors,mastersofParliamentaryEloquence,DoctorsofPoliticalEconomy,andsuchlike;andall_have_tobeelectedbyauniversal-suffrageballot-box,——IdonotseehowtheEnglishParliamentitselfwilllongcontinuesea-worthy!Nay,IfindEnglandinherownbigdumbheart,whereveryoucomeuponherinasilentmeditativehour,beginstohavedreadfulmisgivingsaboutit。

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