Thatwhateverappearstobetheproperobjectofgratitude，appearstodeservereward；andthat，inthesamemanner，whateverappearstobetheproperobjectofresentmentappearstodeservepunishmentTous，therefore，thatactionmustappeartodeservereward，whichappearstobetheproperandapprovedobjectofthatsentiment，whichmostimmediatelyanddirectlypromptsustoreward，ortodogoodtoanother。Andinthesamemanner，thatactionmustappeartodeservepunishment，whichappearstobetheproperandapprovedobjectofthatsentimentwhichmostimmediatelyanddirectlypromptsustopunish，ortoinflicteviluponanother。
Thesentimentwhichmostimmediatelyanddirectlypromptsustoreward，isgratitude；thatwhichmostimmediatelyanddirectlypromptsustopunish，isresentment。
Tous，therefore，thatactionmustappeartodeservereward，whichappearstobetheproperandapprovedobjectofgratitude；
as，ontheotherhand，thatactionmustappeartodeservepunishment，whichappearstobetheproperandapprovedobjectofresentment。
Toreward，istorecompense，toremunerate，toreturngoodforgoodreceived。Topunish，too，istorecompense，toremunerate，thoughinadifferentmanner；itistoreturnevilforevilthathasbeendone。