OfthePassionswhichtaketheiroriginfromthebody1。Itisindecenttoexpressanystrongdegreeofthosepassionswhicharisefromacertainsituationordispositionofthebody；becausethecompany，notbeinginthesamedisposition，cannotbeexpectedtosympathizewiththem。Violenthunger，forexample，thoughuponmanyoccasionsnotonlynatural，butunavoidable，isalwaysindecent，andtoeatvoraciouslyisuniversallyregardedasapieceofillmanners。Thereis，however，somedegreeofsympathy，evenwithhunger。Itisagreeabletoseeourcompanionseatwithagoodappetite，andallexpressionsofloathingareoffensive。Thedispositionofbodywhichishabitualtoamaninhealth，makeshisstomacheasilykeeptime，ifImaybeallowedsocoarseanexpression，withtheone，andnotwiththeother。Wecansympathizewiththedistressitinthewhichexcessivehungeroccasionswhenwereadthedescriptionofjournalofasiege，orofaseavoyage。Weimagineourselvesinthesituationofthesufferers，andthencereadilyconceivethegrief，thefearandconsternation，whichmustnecessarilydistractthem。Wefeel，ourselves，somedegreeofthosepassions，andthereforesympathizewiththem:butaswedonotgrowhungrybyreadingthedescription，wecannotproperly，eveninthiscase，besaidtosympathizewiththeirhunger。
ItisthesamecasewiththepassionbywhichNatureunitesthetwosexes。Thoughnaturallythemostfuriousofallthepassions，allstrongexpressionsofitareuponeveryoccasionindecent，evenbetweenpersonsinwhomitsmostcompleteindulgenceisacknowledgedbyalllaws，bothhumananddivine，tobeperfectlyinnocent。Thereseems，however，tobesomedegreeofsympathyevenwiththispassion。Totalktoawomanaswewouldtoamanisimproper:itisexpectedthattheircompanyshouldinspireuswithmoregaiety，morepleasantry，andmoreattention；
andanintireinsensibilitytothefairsex，rendersamancontemptibleinsomemeasureeventothemen。
Suchisouraversionforalltheappetiteswhichtaketheiroriginfromthebody:allstrongexpressionsofthemareloathsomeanddisagreeable。Accordingtosomeancientphilosophers，thesearethepassionswhichweshareincommonwiththebrutes，andwhichhavingnoconnexionwiththecharacteristicalqualitiesofhumannature，areuponthataccountbeneathitsdignity。Buttherearemanyotherpassionswhichweshareincommonwiththebrutes，suchasresentment，naturalaffection，evengratitude，whichdonot，uponthataccount，appeartobesobrutal。Thetruecauseofthepeculiardisgustwhichweconceivefortheappetitesofthebodywhenweseetheminothermen，isthatwecannotenterintothem。Tothepersonhimselfwhofeelsthem，assoonastheyaregratified，theobjectthatexcitedthemceasestobeagreeable:evenitspresenceoftenbecomesoffensivetohim；helooksroundtonopurposeforthecharmwhichtransportedhimthemomentbefore，andhecannowaslittleenterintohisownpassionasanotherperson。Whenwehavedined，weorderthecoverstoberemoved；andweshouldtreatinthesamemannertheobjectsofthemostardentandpassionatedesires，iftheyweretheobjectsofnootherpassionsbutthosewhichtaketheiroriginfromthebody。
Inthecommandofthoseappetitesofthebodyconsiststhatvirtuewhichisproperlycalledtemperance。Torestrainthemwithinthosebounds，whichregardtohealthandfortuneprescribes，isthepartofprudence。Buttoconfinethemwithinthoselimits，whichgrace，whichpropriety，whichdelicacy，andmodestyrequire，istheofficeoftemperance。