The Origins of Contemporary France

第18章

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第18章

The Origins of Contemporary France Hippolyte Aldophe Taine

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The Origins of Contemporary France
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  \"Ontheappearanceofahussar,\"writesDesmoulins,\"theyshout,’TheregoesPunch!’andthestone—cuttersflingstonesathim。Lastnighttwoofficersofthehussars,MM。deSombreuilanddePolignac,cametothePalais—Royal……chairswereflungatthem,andtheywouldhavebeenknockeddowniftheyhadnotrunaway。Thedaybeforeyesterdaytheyseizedaspyofthepoliceandgavehimaduckinginthefountain。Theyranhimdownlikeastag,hustledhim,peltedhimwithstones,struckhimwithcanes,forcedoneofhiseyesoutofitssocket,andfinally,inspiteofhisentreatiesandcriesformercy,plungedhimasecondtimeinthefountain。Histormentslastedfromnoonuntilhalf—pastfiveo’clock,andhehadabouttenthousandexecutioners。\"——Considertheeffectofsuchafocalcenteratatimelikethis。Anewpowerhassprungupalongsidethelegalpowers,alegislatureofthehighwaysandpublicsquares,anonymous,irresponsible,withoutrestraint。Itisdrivenonwardbycoffeehousetheories,bystrongemotionsandthevehemenceofmountebanks,whilethebarearmswhichhavejustaccomplishedtheworkofdestructionintheFaubourgSaint—Antoine,formitsbodyguardandministerialcabinet。

  V。

  Popularmobsbecomeapoliticalforce。—PressureontheAssembly。—

  Defectionofthesoldiery。

  Thisisthedictatorshipofamob,anditsproceedings,conformingtoitsnature,consistinactsofviolence,whereveritfindsresistance,itstrikes。——ThepeopleofVersailles,inthestreetsandatthedoorsoftheAssembly,daily\"comeandinsultthosewhomtheycallaristocrats。\"[24]OnMonday,June22nd,\"d’Espréménilbarelyescapesbeingknockeddown;theAbbéMaury……oweshisescapetothestrengthofacuré,whotakeshimupinhisarmsandtosseshimintothecarriageoftheArchbishopofArles。\"Onthe23rd,\"theArchbishopofParisandtheKeeperoftheSealsarehooted,railedat,scoffedat,andderided,untiltheyalmostsinkwithshameandrage。\"Soformidableisthetempestofragewithwhichtheyaregreeted,thatPasseret,theKing’ssecretary,whoaccompaniestheminister,diesoftheexcitementthatveryday。Onthe24th,theBishopofBeauvaisisalmostknockeddownbyastonestrikinghimonthehead。Onthe25th,theArchbishopofParisissavedonlybythespeedofhishorses,themultitudepursuinghimandpeltinghimwithstones。Hismansionisbesieged,thewindowsareallshattered,and,notwithstandingtheinterventionoftheFrenchGuards,theperilissogreatthatheisobligedtopromisethathewilljointhedeputiesoftheThird—Estate。ThisisthewayinwhichtherudehandofthepeopleeffectsareunionoftheOrders。Itbearsasheavilyonitsownrepresentativesasonitsadversaries。\"Althoughourhallwasclosedtothepublic,\"saysBailly,\"therewerealwaysmorethansixhundredspectators。\"[25]

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