Ihaveseen，intheCordilleraoftheAndes，theevidentmarkswherestupendousmountainshavebeenbrokenintopieceslikesomuchthincrust，andthestratathrownontheirverticaledges；butneverdidanyscene，likethese“streamsofstones。”soforciblyconveytomymindtheideaofaconvulsion，ofwhichinhistoricalrecordswemightinvainseekforanycounterpart：
yettheprogressofknowledgewillprobablysomedaygiveasimpleexplanationofthisphenomenon，asitalreadyhasofthesolong-thoughtinexplicabletransportaloftheerraticboulders，whicharestrewedovertheplainsofEurope。
Ihavelittletoremarkonthezoologyoftheseislands。Ihavebeforedescribedthecarrion-vultureofPolyborus。Therearesomeotherhawks，owls，andafewsmallland-birds。Thewater-fowlareparticularlynumerous，andtheymustformerly，fromtheaccountsoftheoldnavigators，havebeenmuchmoreso。OnedayIobservedacormorantplayingwithafishwhichithadcaught。Eighttimessuccessivelythebirdletitspreygo，thendivedafterit，andalthoughindeepwater，broughtiteachtimetothesurface。IntheZoologicalGardensIhaveseentheottertreatafishinthesamemanner，muchasacatdoesamouse：IdonotknowofanyotherinstancewheredameNatureappearssowilfullycruel。Anotherday，havingplacedmyselfbetweenapenguinAptenodytesdemersaandthewater，I
wasmuchamusedbywatchingitshabits。Itwasabravebird；andtillreachingthesea，itregularlyfoughtanddrovemebackwards。Nothinglessthanheavyblowswouldhavestoppedhim；everyinchhegainedhefirmlykept，standingclosebeforemeerectanddetermined。Whenthusopposedhecontinuallyrolledhisheadfromsidetoside，inaveryoddmanner，asifthepowerofdistinctvisionlayonlyintheanteriorandbasalpartofeacheye。
Thisbirdiscommonlycalledthejackasspenguin，fromitshabit，whileonshore，ofthrowingitsheadbackwards，andmakingaloudstrangenoise，verylikethebrayingofanass；butwhileatsea，andundisturbed，itsnoteisverydeepandsolemn，andisoftenheardinthenight-time。Indiving，itslittlewingsareusedasfins；butontheland，asfrontlegs。