The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第65章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  [207]Astothisdistinction,seetheadmirablypracticalaccountinJ。M。Baldwin’slittlebook,TheStoryoftheMind,1898。

  Wehavetopassasimilarjudgmentonthewholenotionofsaintshipbasedonmerits。AnyGodwho,ontheonehand,cancaretokeepapedanticallyminuteaccountofindividualshortcomings,andontheothercanfeelsuchpartialities,andloadparticularcreatureswithsuchinsipidmarksoffavor,istoosmall-mindedaGodforourcredence。WhenLuther,inhisimmensemanlyway,sweptoffbyastrokeofhishandtheverynotionofadebitandcreditaccountkeptwithindividualsbytheAlmighty,hestretchedthesoul’simaginationandsavedtheologyfrompuerility。

  Somuchformeredevotion,divorcedfromtheintellectualconceptionswhichmightguideittowardsbearingusefulhumanfruit。

  ThenextsaintlyvirtueinwhichwefindexcessisPurity。Intheopathiccharacters,likethosewhomwehavejustconsidered,theloveofGodmustnotbemixedwithanyotherlove。Fatherandmother,sisters,brothers,andfriendsarefeltasinterferingdistractions;forsensitivenessandnarrowness,whentheyoccurtogether,astheyoftendo,requireaboveallthingsasimplifiedworldtodwellin。Varietyandconfusionaretoomuchfortheirpowersofcomfortableadaptation。Butwhereasyouraggressivepietistreacheshisunityobjectively,byforciblystampingdisorderanddivergenceout,yourretiringpietistreacheshissubjectively,leavingdisorderintheworldatlarge,butmakingasmallerworldinwhichhedwellshimselfandfromwhichheeliminatesitaltogether。Thus,alongsideofthechurchmilitantwithitsprisons,dragonnades,andinquisitionmethods,wehavethechurchfugient,asonemightcallit,withitshermitages,monasteries,andsectarianorganizations,bothchurchespursuingthesameobject——tounifythelife,[208]andsimplifythespectaclepresentedtothesoul。Amindextremelysensitivetoinnerdiscordswilldroponeexternalrelationafteranother,asinterferingwiththeabsorptionofconsciousnessinspiritualthings。Amusementsmustgofirst,thenconventional“society。”thenbusiness,thenfamilyduties,untilatlastseclusion,withasubdivisionofthedayintohoursforstatedreligiousacts,istheonlythingthatcanbeborne。Thelivesofsaintsareahistoryofsuccessiverenunciationsofcomplication,oneformofcontactwiththeouterlifebeingdroppedafteranother,tosavethepurityofinnertone。[209]

  “Isitnotbetter。”ayoungsisterasksherSuperior,“thatI

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