The Principles of Psychology

第7章

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第7章

The Principles of Psychology William James

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The Principles of Psychology
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  \"Thevisualizingfacultyisanaturalgift,and,likeallnaturalgifts,hasatendencytobeinherited。Inthisfacultythetendencytoinheritanceisexceptionallystrong,asIhaveabundantevidencetoprove,especiallyinrespecttocertainratherrarepeculiarities,……which,whentheyexistatall,areusuallyfoundamongtwo,three,ormorebrothersandsisters,parents,children,unclesandaunts,andcousins。

  \"Sincefamiliesdiffersomuchinrespecttothisgift,wemaysupposethatraceswouldalsodiffer,andtherecanbenodoubtthatsuchisthecase。Ihardlyliketorefertocivilizednations,becausetheirnaturalfacultiesaretoomuchmodifiedbyeducationtoallowoftheirbeingappraisedinanoff-handfashion。Imay,however,speakoftheFrench,whoappeartopossessthevisualizingfacultyinahighdegree。Thepeculiarabilitytheyshowinprearrangingceremonialsandfêtesofallkinds,andtheirundoubtedgeniusfortacticsandstrategy,showthattheyareabletoforeseeeffectswithunusualclearness。

  Theiringenuityinalltechnicalcontrivancesisanadditionaltestimonyinthesamedirection,andsoistheirsingularclearnessofexpression。

  Theirphraseis\"figurez-vous,’or’picturetoyourself,’seemstoexpresstheirdominantmodeofperception。Ourequivalentof’Imagine’isambiguous……

  \"Ihavemanycasesofpersonsmentallyreadingoffscoreswhenplayingthepianoforte,ormanuscriptwhentheyaremakingspeeches。Onestatesmanhasassuredmethatacertainhesitationinutterancewhichhehasattimesisduetohisbeingplaguedbytheimageofhis[p。56]manuscriptspeechwithitsoriginalerasuresandcorrections。

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