byinsectsorwind，thereisNOCASEofLAND—animalsbeinghermaphroditewithouttheconcourseoftwoindividuals。\"
AlettertoDr。AsaGray（September5th，1857）givesthesubstanceofthepaperinthe\"Gardeners’Chronicle\":——
\"LatelyIwasledtoexaminebudsofkidneybeanwiththepollenshed;butIwasledtobelievethatthepollencouldHARDLYgetonthestigmabywindorotherwise，exceptbybeesvisiting[theflower]andmovingthewingpetals:henceIincludedasmallbunchofflowersintwobottlesineverywaytreatedthesame:theflowersinoneIdailyjustmomentarilymoved，asifbyabee;thesesetthreefinepods，theotherNOTONE。Ofcoursethislittleexperimentmustbetriedagain，andthisyearinEnglanditistoolate，astheflowersseemnowseldomtoset。Ifbeesarenecessarytothisflower’sself—fertilisation，beesmustalmostcrossthem，astheirdustedright—sideofheadandrightlegsconstantlytouchthestigma。
\"Ihave，also，latelybeenre—observingdailyLobeliafulgens——thisinmygardenisnevervisitedbyinsects，andneversetsseeds，withoutpollenbeputonthestigma（whereasthesmallblueLobeliaisvisitedbybeesanddoessetseed）;Imentionthisbecausetherearesuchbeautifulcontrivancestopreventthestigmaevergettingitsownpollen;whichseemsonlyexplicableonthedoctrineoftheadvantageofcrosses。\"
Thepaperwassupplementedbyasecondin1858。（\"Gardeners’Chronicle\"，1858，page828。In1861anotherpaperonFertilisationappearedinthe\"Gardeners’Chronicle\"，page552，inwhichheexplainedtheactionofinsectsonVincamajor。Hewasattractedtotheperiwinklebythefactthatitisnotvisitedbyinsectsandneversetseeds。）Thechiefobjectofthesepublicationsseemstohavebeentoobtaininformationastothepossibilityofgrowingvarietiesofleguminousplantsneareachother，andyetkeepingthemtrue。ItiscuriousthatthePapilionaceaeshouldnotonlyhavebeenthefirstflowerswhichattractedhisattentionbytheirobviousadaptationtothevisitsofinsects，butshouldalsohaveconstitutedoneofhissorestpuzzles。Thecommonpeaandthesweetpeagavehimmuchdifficulty，because，althoughtheyareasobviouslyfittedforinsect—visitsastherestoftheorder，yettheirvarietieskeeptrue。