Areopagitica

第3章

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第3章

Areopagitica John Milton

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Areopagitica
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  Ifwethinktoregulateprinting,therebytorectifymanners,wemustregulateallrecreationandpastimes,allthatisdelightfultoman。Nomusicmustbeheard,nosongbesetorsung,butwhatisgraveandDoric。Theremustbelicensingdancers,thatnogesture,motion,ordeportmentbetaughtouryouthbutwhatbytheirallowanceshallbethoughthonest;forsuchPlatowasprovidedof。Itwillaskmorethantheworkoftwentylicenserstoexamineallthelutes,theviolins,andtheguitarsineveryhouse;

  theymustnotbesufferedtoprattleastheydo,butmustbelicensedwhattheymaysay。Andwhoshallsilencealltheairsandmadrigalsthatwhispersoftnessinchambers?Thewindowsalso,andthebalconiesmustbethoughton;thereareshrewdbooks,withdangerousfrontispieces,settosale;whoshallprohibitthem,shalltwentylicensers?Thevillagesalsomusthavetheirvisitorstoinquirewhatlecturesthebagpipeandtherebeckreads,eventotheballatryandthegamutofeverymunicipalfiddler,forthesearethecountryman’sArcadias,andhisMonteMayors。

  Next,whatmorenationalcorruption,forwhichEnglandhearsillabroad,thanhouseholdgluttony:whoshallbetherectorsofourdailyrioting?Andwhatshallbedonetoinhibitthemultitudesthatfrequentthosehouseswheredrunkennessissoldandharboured?

  Ourgarmentsalsoshouldbereferredtothelicensingofsomemoresoberworkmasterstoseethemcutintoalesswantongarb。Whoshallregulateallthemixedconversationofouryouth,maleandfemaletogether,asisthefashionofthiscountry?Whoshallstillappointwhatshallbediscoursed,whatpresumed,andnofurther?Lastly,whoshallforbidandseparateallidleresort,allevilcompany?Thesethingswillbe,andmustbe;buthowtheyshallbeleasthurtful,howleastenticing,hereinconsiststhegraveandgoverningwisdomofastate。

  TosequesteroutoftheworldintoAtlanticandUtopianpolities,whichnevercanbedrawnintouse,willnotmendourcondition;buttoordainwiselyasinthisworldofevil,inthemidstwhereofGodhathplacedusunavoidably。NorisitPlato’slicensingofbookswilldothis,whichnecessarilypullsalongwithitsomanyotherkindsoflicensing,aswillmakeusallbothridiculousandweary,andyetfrustrate;butthoseunwritten,oratleastunconstraining,lawsofvirtuouseducation,religiousandcivilnurture,whichPlatotherementionsasthebondsandligamentsofthecommonwealth,thepillarsandthesustainersofeverywrittenstatute;thesetheybewhichwillbearchiefswayinsuchmattersasthese,whenalllicensingwillbeeasilyeluded。Impunityandremissness,forcertain,arethebaneofacommonwealth;butherethegreatartlies,todiscerninwhatthelawistobidrestraintandpunishment,andinwhatthingspersuasiononlyistowork。

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