III。Themotiveswithwhichalonewehaveanyconcernaresuchasareofanaturetoactuponthewill。Byamotivethen，inthissenseoftheword，lstobeunderstoodanythingwhatsoever，which，byinfluencingthewillofasensitivebeing，issupposedtoserveasameansofdetermininghimtoact，orvoluntarilytoforbeartoact，uponanyoccasion。Motivesofthissort，incontradistinctiontotheformer，maybestyledpracticalmotives，ormotivesapplyingtopractice。
IV。Owingtothepovertyandunsettledstateoflanguage，thewordmotiveisemployedindiscriminatelytodenotetwokindsofobjects，which，forthebetterunderstandingofthesubject，itisnecessaryshouldbedistinguished。Onsomeoccasionsitisemployedtodenoteanyofthosereallyexistingincidentsfromwhencetheactinquestionissupposedtotakeitsrise。Thesenseitbearsontheseoccasionsmaybestyleditsliteralorunfigurativesense。Onotheroccasionsitisemployedtodenoteacertainfictitiousentity，apassion，anaffectionofthemind，anidealbeingwhichuponthehappeningofanysuchincidentisconsideredasoperatinguponthemind，andpromptingittotakethatcourse，towardswhichitisimpelledbytheinfluenceofsuchincident。MotivesofthisclassareAvarice，Indolence，Benevolence，andsoforth；asweshallseemoreparticularlyfartheron。Thislattermaybestyledthefigurativesenseofthetermmotive。
V。Astotherealincidentstowhichthenameofmotiveisalsogiven，thesetooareoftwoverydifferentkinds。Theymaybeeither，1。Theinternalperceptionofanyindividuallotofpleasureorpain，theexpectationofwhichislookeduponascalculatedtodetermineyoutoactinsuchorsuchamanner；asthepleasureofacquiringsuchasumofmoney，thepainofexertingyourselfonsuchanoccasion，andsoforth:or，2。Anyexternalevent，thehappeningwhereofisregardedashavingatendencytobringabouttheperceptionofsuchpleasureorsuchpain；
forinstance，thecomingupofalotteryticket，bywhichthepossessionofthemoneydevolvestoyou；orthebreakingoutofafireinthehouseyouarein，whichmakesitnecessaryforyoutoquitit。Theformerkindofmotivesmaybetermedinterior，orinternal:thelatterexterior，orexternal。
VI。Twoothersensesofthetermmotiveneedalsotobedistinguished。