Inthosestatesagoodlegislatorislessbentuponpunishingthanpreventingcrimes；heismoreattentivetoinspiregoodmoralsthantoinflictpenalties。

　　ItisaconstantremarkoftheChineseauthors[24]thatthemorethepenallawswereincreasedintheirempire，thenearertheydrewtowardsarevolution。Thisisbecausepunishmentswereaugmentedinproportionasthepublicmoralswerecorrupted。

　　Itwouldbeaneasymattertoprovethatinall，oralmostall，thegovernmentsofEurope，penaltieshaveincreasedordiminishedinproportionasthosegovernmentsfavouredordiscouragedliberty。

　　Indespoticgovernments，peoplearesounhappyastohaveagreaterdreadofdeaththanregretforthelossoflife；consequentlytheirpunishmentsoughttobemoresevere。Inmoderatestatestheyaremoreafraidoflosingtheirlivesthanapprehensiveofthepainofdying；

　　thosepunishments，therefore，whichdeprivethemsimplyoflifearesufficient。

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