PREFACETOTHEAMERICANEDITION。
ONthedeathofFleemingJenkin，hisfamilyandfriendsdeterminedtopublishaselectionofhisvariouspapers;bywayofintroduction，thefollowingpagesweredrawnup;andthewhole，formingtwoconsiderablevolumes，hasbeenissuedinEngland。IntheStates，ithasnotbeenthoughtadvisabletoreproducethewhole;andthememoirappearingalone，shornofthatothermatterwhichwasatonceitsoccasionanditsjustification，solargeanaccountofamansolittleknownmayseemtoastrangeroutofallproportion。ButJenkinwasamanmuchmoreremarkablethanthemerebulkormeritofhisworkapproveshim。Itwasintheworld，inthecommerceoffriendship，byhisbraveattitudetowardslife，byhishighmoralvalueandunweariedintellectualeffort，thathestruckthemindsofhiscontemporaries。Hiswasanindividualfigure，suchasauthorsdelighttodraw，andallmentoreadof，inthepagesofanovel。Hiswasafaceworthpaintingforitsownsake。Ifthesittershallnotseemtohavejustifiedtheportrait，ifJenkin，afterhisdeath，shallnotcontinuetomakenewfriends，thefaultwillbealtogethermine。
R。LS。
SARANAC，OCT。，1887。
CHAPTERI。
TheJenkinsofStowting—Fleeming’sgrandfather—Mrs。Buckner’sfortune—Fleeming’sfather;goestosea;atSt。Helena;meetsKingTom;serviceintheWestIndies;endofhiscareer—TheCampbell—
Jacksons—Fleeming’smother—Fleeming’suncleJohn。
INthereignofHenryVIII。，afamilyofthenameofJenkin，claimingtocomefromYork，andbearingthearmsofJenkinapPhilipofSt。Melans，arefoundreputablysettledinthecountyofKent。PersonsofstronggenealogicalpinionpassfromWilliamJenkin，MayorofFolkestonein1555，tohiscontemporary’JohnJenkin，oftheCitieofYork，ReceiverGeneraloftheCounty，’andthence，bywayofJenkinapPhilip，tothepropersummitofanyCambrianpedigree—aprince;’GuaithVoeth，LordofCardigan，’thenameandstyleofhim。Itmaysuffice，however，forthepresent，thattheseKentishJenkinsmusthaveundoubtedlyderivedfromWales，andbeingastockofsomeefficiency，theystruckrootandgrewtowealthandconsequenceintheirnewhome。
OftheirconsequencewehaveproofenoughinthefactthatnotonlywasWilliamJenkin（asalreadymentioned）MayorofFolkestonein1555，butnolessthantwenty—threetimesinthesucceedingcenturyandahalf，aJenkin（William，Thomas，Henry，orRobert）satinthesameplaceofhumblehonour。OftheirwealthweknowthatinthereignofCharlesI。，ThomasJenkinofEythornewasmorethanonceinthemarketbuyingland，andnotably，in1633，acquiredthemanorofStowtingCourt。Thiswasanestateofsome320acres，sixmilesfromHythe，intheBailiwickandHundredofStowting，andtheLatheofShipway，heldoftheCrownINCAPITEbytheserviceofsixmenandaconstabletodefendthepassageoftheseaatSandgate。IthadachequeredhistorybeforeitfellintothehandsofThomasofEythorne，havingbeensoldandgivenfromonetoanother—totheArchbishop，toHeringods，totheBurghershes，toPavelys，Trivets，Cliffords，Wenlocks，Beauchamps，Nevilles，Kempes，andClarkes：apieceofKentishgroundcondemnedtoseenewfacesandtobenoman’shome。Butfrom1633onwarditbecametheanchoroftheJenkinfamilyinKent;andthoughpassedonfrombrothertobrother，heldinsharesbetweenuncleandnephew，burthenedbydebtsandjointures，andatleastoncesoldandboughtinagain，itremainstothisdayinthehandsofthedirectline。Itisnotmydesign，norhaveIthenecessaryknowledge，togiveahistoryofthisobscurefamily。Butthisisanagewhengenealogyhastakenanewleaseoflife，andbecomeforthefirsttimeahumanscience;
sothatwenolongerstudyitinquestoftheGuaithVoeths，buttotraceoutsomeofthesecretsofdescentanddestiny;andaswestudy，wethinklessofSirBernardBurkeandmoreofMr。Galton。
Notonlydoourcharacterandtalentslieupontheanvilandreceivetheirtemperduringgenerations;buttheveryplotofourlife’sstoryunfoldsitselfonascaleofcenturies，andthebiographyofthemanisonlyanepisodeintheepicofthefamily。
FromthispointofviewIaskthereader’sleavetobeginthisnoticeofaremarkablemanwhowasmyfriend，withtheaccessionofhisgreat—grandfather，JohnJenkin。
ThisJohnJenkin，agrandsonofDamarisKingsley，ofthefamilyof’WestwardHo！’wasbornin1727，andmarriedElizabeth，daughterofThomasFrewen，ofChurchHouse，Northiam。TheJenkinshadnowbeenlongenoughintermarryingwiththeirKentishneighbourstobeKentishfolkthemselvesinallbutname;andwiththeFrewensinparticulartheirconnectionissingularlyinvolved。JohnandhiswifewereeachdescendedinthethirddegreefromanotherThomasFrewen，VicarofNorthiam，andbrothertoAcceptedFrewen，ArchbishopofYork。John’smotherhadmarriedaFrewenforasecondhusband。AndthelastcomplicationwastobeaddedbytheBishopofChichester’sbrother，CharlesBuckner，Vice—AdmiraloftheWhite，whowastwicemarried，firsttoapaternalcousinofSquireJohn，andsecondtoAnne，onlysisteroftheSquire’swife，andalreadythewidowofanotherFrewen。ThereadermustbearMrs。
Bucknerinmind;itwasbymeansofthatladythatFleemingJenkinbeganlifeasapoorman。Meanwhile，therelationshipofanyFrewentoanyJenkinattheendoftheseevolutionspresentsaproblemalmostinsoluble;andweneednotwonderifMrs。John，thusexercisedinherimmediatecircle，wasinheroldage’agreatgenealogistofallSussexfamilies，andmuchconsulted。’ThenamesFrewenandJenkinmayalmostseemtohavebeeninterchangeableatwill;andyetFateproceedswithsuchparticularitythatitwasperhapsonthepointofnamethatthefamilywasruined。
TheJohnJenkinshadafamilyofonedaughterandfiveextravagantandunpracticalsons。Theeldest，Stephen，enteredtheChurchandheldthelivingofSalehurst，whereheoffered，wemayhope，anextremeexampleoftheclergyoftheage。Hewasahandsomefigureofaman;jovialandjocular;fondofhisgarden，whichproducedunderhiscarethefinestfruitsoftheneighbourhood;andlikeallthefamily，verychoiceinhorses。Hedrovetandem;likeJehu，furiously。Hissaddlehorse，Captain（forthenamesofhorsesarepiouslypreservedinthefamilychroniclewhichIfollow），wastrainedtobreakintoagallopassoonasthevicar’sfootwasthrownacrossitsback;norwouldthereinbedrawnintheninemilesbetweenNorthiamandtheVicaragedoor。Debtwastheman’sproperelement;heusedtoskulkfromarrestinthechancelofhischurch;andthespeedofCaptainmayhavecomesometimeshandy。Atanearlyagethisunconventionalparsonmarriedhiscook，andbyherhehadtwodaughtersandoneson。Oneofthedaughtersdiedunmarried;theotherimitatedherfather，andmarried’imprudently。’Theson，stillmoregallantlycontinuingthetradition，enteredthearmy，loadedhimselfwithdebt，wasforcedtosellout，tookrefugeintheMarines，andwaslostontheDoggerBankinthewar—shipMINOTAUR。Ifhedidnotmarrybelowhim，likehisfather，hissister，andacertaingreat—uncleWilliam，itwasperhapsbecausehenevermarriedatall。
Thesecondbrother，Thomas，whowasemployedintheGeneralPost—
Office，followedinallmaterialpointstheexampleofStephen，married’notverycreditably，’andspentallthemoneyhecouldlayhishandson。Hediedwithoutissue;asdidthefourthbrother，John，whowasofweakintellectandfeeblehealth，andthefifthbrother，William，whosebriefcareerasoneofMrs。Buckner’ssatelliteswillfalltobeconsideredlateron。Sosoon，then，astheMINOTAURhadstruckupontheDoggerBank，StowtingandthelineoftheJenkinfamilyfellontheshouldersofthethirdbrother，Charles。
Facilityandself—indulgencearethefamilymarks;facility（tojudgebytheseimprudentmarriages）beingatoncetheirqualityandtheirdefect;butinthecaseofCharles，amanofexceptionalbeautyandsweetnessbothoffaceanddisposition，thefamilyfaulthadquitegrowntobeavirtue，andwefindhiminconsequencethedrudgeandmilk—cowofhisrelatives。Bornin1766，Charlesservedatseainhisyouth，andsmeltbothsaltwaterandpowder。TheJenkinshadinclinedhitherto，asfarasIcanmakeout，tothelandservice。Stephen’ssonhadbeenasoldier;William（fourthofStowting）hadbeenanofficeroftheunhappyBraddock’sinAmerica，where，bytheway，heownedandafterwardssoldanestateontheJamesRiver，called，aftertheparentalseat;ofwhichIshouldlikewelltohearifitstillbearsthename。ItwasprobablybytheinfluenceofCaptainBuckner，alreadyconnectedwiththefamilybyhisfirstmarriage，thatCharlesJenkinturnedhismindinthedirectionofthenavy;anditwasinBuckner’sownship，thePROTHEE，64，thattheladmadehisonlycampaign。ItwasinthedaysofRodney’swar，whenthePROTHEE，weread，capturedtwolargeprivateerstowindwardofBarbadoes，andwas’materiallyanddistinguishedlyengaged’inboththeactionswithDeGrasse。WhileatseaCharleskeptajournal，andmadestrangearchaicpilot—booksketches，partplan，partelevation，someofwhichsurvivefortheamusementofposterity。Hedidagooddealofsurveying，sothatherewemayperhapslayourfingeronthebeginningofFleeming’seducationasanengineer。Whatisstillmorestrange，amongtherelicsofthehandsomemidshipmanandhisstayinthegun—roomofthePROTHEE，Ifindacodeofsignalsgraphicallyrepresented，foralltheworldasitwouldhavebeendonebyhisgrandson。
Onthedeclarationofpeace，Charles，becausehehadsufferedfromscurvy，receivedhismother’sorderstoretire;andhewasnotthemantorefusearequest，farlesstodisobeyacommand。Thereuponheturnedfarmer，atradehewastopracticeonalargescale;andwefindhimmarriedtoaMissSchirr，awomanofsomefortune，thedaughterofaLondonmerchant。Stephen，thenotveryreverend，wasstillalive，gallopingaboutthecountryorskulkinginhischancel。ItdoesnotappearwhetherheletorsoldthepaternalmanortoCharles;oneorother，itmusthavebeen;andthesailor—
farmersettledatStowting，withhiswife，hismother，hisunmarriedsister，andhissickbrotherJohn。Outofthesixpeopleofwhomhisnearestfamilyconsisted，threewereinhisownhouse，andtwoothers（thehorse—leeches，StephenandThomas）heappearstohavecontinuedtoassistwithmoreamiabilitythanwisdom。Hehunted，belongedtotheYeomanry，ownedfamoushorses，MaggieandLucy，thelattercovetedbyroyaltyitself。’LordRokeby，hisneighbour，calledhimkinsman，’writesmyartlesschronicler，’andaltogetherlifewasverycheery。’AtStowtinghisthreesons，John，Charles，andThomasFrewen，andhisyoungerdaughter，Anna，wereallborntohim;andthereadershouldherebetoldthatitisthroughthereportofthissecondCharles（born1801）thathehasbeenlookingonattheseconfusedpassagesoffamilyhistory。
Intheyear1805theruinoftheJenkinswasbegun。Itwastheworkofafallaciousladyalreadymentioned，AuntAnneFrewen，asisterofMrs。John。Twicemarried，firsttohercousinCharlesFrewen，clerktotheCourtofChancery，BrunswickHerald，andUsheroftheBlackRod，andsecondlytoAdmiralBuckner，shewasdeniedissueinbothbeds，andbeingveryrich—shediedworthabout60，000L。，mostlyinland—shewasinperpetualquestofanheir。
ThemirageofthisfortunehungbeforesuccessivemembersoftheJenkinfamilyuntilherdeathin1825，whenitdissolvedandleftthelatestAlnascharfacetofacewithbankruptcy。Thegrandniece，Stephen’sdaughter，theonewhohadnot’marriedimprudently，’
appearstohavebeenthefirst;forshewastakenabroadbythegoldenaunt，anddiedinhercareatGhentin1792。NextsheadoptedWilliam，theyoungestofthefivenephews;tookhimabroadwithher—itseemsasifthatwereintheformula;wasshutupwithhiminParisbytheRevolution;broughthimbacktoWindsor，andgothimaplaceintheKing’sBody—Guard，whereheattractedthenoticeofGeorgeIII。byhisproficiencyinGerman。In1797，beingonguardatSt。James’sPalace，Williamtookacoldwhichcarriedhimoff;andAuntAnnewasoncemoreleftheirless。
Lastly，in1805，perhapsmovedbytheAdmiral，whohadakindnessforhisoldmidshipman，perhapspleasedbythegoodlooksandthegoodnatureofthemanhimself，Mrs。BucknerturnedhereyesuponCharlesJenkin。Hewasnotonlytobetheheir，however，hewastobethechiefhandinasomewhatwildschemeoffamilyfarming。
Mrs。Jenkin，themother，contributed164acresofland;Mrs。
Buckner，570，someatNorthiam，somefartheroff;Charlesletone—
halfofStowtingtoatenant，andthrewtheotherandvariousscatteredparcelsintothecommonenterprise;sothatthewholefarmamountedtonearuponathousandacres，andwasscatteredoverthirtymilesofcountry。Theex—seamanofthirty—nine，onwhosewisdomandubiquitytheschemedepended，wastoliveinthemeanwhilewithoutcareorfear。Hewastocheckhimselfinnothing;histwoextravagances，valuablehorsesandworthlessbrothers，weretobeindulgedincomfort;andwhethertheyearquitepaiditselfornot，whethersuccessiveyearsleftaccumulatedsavingsoronlyagrowingdeficit，thefortuneofthegoldenauntshouldintheendrepairall。
OnthisunderstandingCharlesJenkintransportedhisfamilytoChurchHouse，Northiam：Charlesthesecond，thenachildofthree，amongthenumber。Throughtheeyesoftheboywehaveglimpsesofthelifethatfollowed：ofAdmiralandMrs。BucknerdrivingupfromWindsorinacoachandsix，twopost—horsesandtheirownfour;ofthehousefullofvisitors，thegreatroastsatthefire，thetablesintheservants’halllaidforthirtyorfortyforamonthtogether;ofthedailypressofneighbours，manyofwhom，Frewens，Lords，Bishops，Batchellors，andDynes，werealsokinsfolk;andtheparties’underthegreatspreadingchestnutsoftheoldforecourt，’wheretheyoungpeopledancedandmademerrytothemusicofthevillageband。Orperhaps，inthedepthofwinter，thefatherwouldbidyoungCharlessaddlehispony;theywouldridethethirtymilesfromNorthiamtoStowting，withthesnowtothepony’ssaddlegirths，andbereceivedbythetenantslikeprinces。
Thislifeofdelights，withthecontinualvisiblecomingsandgoingsofthegoldenaunt，waswellqualifiedtorelaxthefibreofthelads。John，theheir，ayeomanandafox—hunter，’loudandnotoriouswithhiswhipandspurs，’settleddownintoakindofTonyLumpkin，waitingfortheshoesofhisfatherandhisaunt。
ThomasFrewen，theyoungest，isbrieflydismissedas’ahandsomebeau’;buthehadthemeritorthegoodfortunetobecomeadoctorofmedicine，sothatwhenthecrashcamehewasnotempty—handedforthewaroflife。Charles，attheday—schoolofNorthiam，grewsowellacquaintedwiththerod，thathisfloggingsbecamematterofpleasantryandreachedtheearsofAdmiralBuckner。Hereuponthattall，rough—voiced，formidableuncleenteredwiththeladintoacovenant：everytimethatCharleswasthrashedhewastopaytheAdmiralapenny;everydaythatheescaped，theprocesswastobereversed。’Irecollect，’writesCharles，’goingcryingtomymothertobetakentotheAdmiraltopaymydebt。’Itwouldseembythesetermsthespeculationwasalosingone;yetitisprobableitpaidindirectlybybringingtheboyunderremark。TheAdmiralwasnoenemytodunces;helovedcourage，andCharles，whileyetlittlemorethanababy，wouldridethegreathorseintothepond。
Presentlyitwasdecidedthatherewasthestuffofafinesailor;
andatanearlyperiodthenameofCharlesJenkinwasenteredonaship’sbooks。
FromNorthiamhewassenttoanotherschoolatBoonshill，nearRye，wherethemastertook’infinitedelight’instrappinghim。’Itkeepsmewarmandmakesyougrow，’heusedtosay。Andthestripeswerenotaltogetherwasted，forthedunce，thoughstillvery’raw，’
madeprogresswithhisstudies。Itwasknown，moreover，thathewasgoingtosea，alwaysagroundofpre—eminencewithschoolboys;
andinhiscasetheglorywasnotaltogetherfuture，itworeapresentformwhenhecamedrivingtoRyebehindfourhorsesinthesamecarriagewithanadmiral。’Iwasnotalittleproud，youmaybelieve，’sayshe。
In1814，whenhewasthirteenyearsofage，hewascarriedbyhisfathertoChichestertotheBishop’sPalace。TheBishophadheardfromhisbrothertheAdmiralthatCharleswaslikelytodowell，andhadanorderfromLordMelvilleforthelad’sadmissiontotheRoyalNavalCollegeatPortsmouth。BoththeBishopandtheAdmiralpattedhimontheheadandsaid，’Charleswillrestoretheoldfamily’;bywhichIgatherwithsomesurprisethat，eveninthesedaysofopenhouseatNorthiamandgoldenhopeofmyaunt’sfortune，thefamilywassupposedtostandinneedofrestoration。
Butthepastisapttolookbrighterthannature，abovealltothoseenamouredoftheirgenealogy;andtheravagesofStephenandThomasmusthavealwaysgivenmatterofalarm。
Whatwiththeflatteryofbishopsandadmirals，thefinecompanyinwhichhefoundhimselfatPortsmouth，hisvisitshome，withtheirgaietyandgreatnessoflife，hisvisitstoMrs。Buckner（soonawidow）atWindsor，wherehehadaponykeptforhim，andvisitedatLordMelville’sandLordHarcourt’sandtheLeveson—Gowers，hebegantohave’bumptiousnotions，’andhisheadwas’somewhatturnedwithfinepeople’;astosomeextentitremainedthroughouthisinnocentandhonourablelife。
InthisframeofmindtheboywasappointedtotheCONQUEROR，CaptainDavie，humorouslyknownasGentleJohnnie。Thecaptainhadearnedthisnamebyhisstyleofdiscipline，whichwouldhavefiguredwellinthepagesofMarryat：’Puttheprisoner’sheadinabagandgivehimanotherdozen！’survivesasaspecimenofhiscommands;andthemenwereoftenpunishedtwiceorthriceinaweek。Onboardtheshipofthisdisciplinarian，Charlesandhisfatherwerecarriedinabilly—boatfromSheernessinDecember，1816：Charleswithanoutfitsuitabletohispretensions，atwenty—guineasextantand120dollarsinsilver，whichwereorderedintothecareofthegunner。’Theoldclerksandmates，’hewrites，’usedtolaughandjeermeforjoiningtheshipinabilly—
boat，andwhentheyfoundIwasfromKent，vowedIwasanoldKentishsmuggler。Thistomypride，youwillbelieve，wasnotalittleoffensive。’
THECONQUERORcarriedtheflagofVice—AdmiralPlampin，commandingattheCapeandSt。Helena;andatthatall—importantislet，inJuly，1817，sherelievedtheflagshipofSirPulteneyMalcolm。
ThusitbefelthatCharlesJenkin，comingtoolatefortheepicoftheFrenchwars，playedasmallpartinthedrearyanddisgracefulafterpieceofSt。Helena。Lifeontheguard—shipwasonerousandirksome。Theanchorwasneverlifted，sailnevermade，thegreatgunsweresilent;nonewasallowedonshoreexceptonduty;alldaythemovementsoftheimperialcaptiveweresignalledtoandfro;
allnighttheboatsrowedguardaroundtheaccessibleportionsofthecoast。ThisprolongedstagnationandpettywatchfulnessinwhatNapoleonhimselfcalledthat’unchristian’climate，toldcruellyonthehealthoftheship’scompany。Ineighteenmonths，accordingtoO’Meara，theCONQUERORhadlostonehundredandtenmenandinvalidedhomeonehundredandseven，beingmorethanathirdofhercomplement。ItdoesnotseemthatouryoungmidshipmansomuchasonceseteyesonBonaparte;andyetinotherwaysJenkinwasmorefortunatethansomeofhiscomrades。Hedrewinwater—colour;notsobadlyashisfather，yetillenough;andthisartwassorareaboardtheCONQUERORthatevenhishumbleproficiencymarkedhimoutandprocuredhimsomealleviations。
AdmiralPlampinhadsucceededNapoleonattheBriars;andherehehadyoungJenkinstayingwithhimtomakesketchesofthehistorichouse。OneoftheseisbeforemeasIwrite，andgivesastrangenotionoftheartsinouroldEnglishNavy。YetitwasagainasanartistthattheladwastakenforaruntoRio，andapparentlyforasecondoutinginaten—gunbrig。These，andacruiseofsixweekstowindwardoftheislandundertakenbytheCONQUERORherselfinquestofhealth，weretheonlybreaksinthreeyearsofmurderousinaction;andattheendofthatperiodJenkinwasinvalidedhome，having’losthishealthentirely。’
Asheleftthedeckoftheguard—shipthehistoricpartofhiscareercametoanend。Forforty—twoyearshecontinuedtoservehiscountryobscurelyontheseas，sometimesthankedforinconspicuousandhonourableservices，butdeniedanyopportunityofseriousdistinction。HewasfirsttwoyearsintheLARNE，CaptainTait，huntingpiratesandkeepingawatchontheTurkishandGreeksquadronsintheArchipelago。CaptainTaitwasafavouritewithSirThomasMaitland，HighCommissioneroftheIonianIslands—KingTomashewascalled—whofrequentlytookpassageintheLARNE。KingTomkneweveryinchoftheMediterranean，andwasaterrortotheofficersofthewatch。Hewouldcomeondeckatnight;andwithhisbroadScotchaccent，’Well，sir，’hewouldsay，’whatdepthofwaterhaveye？Wellnow，sound;andye’lljustfindsoorsomanyfathoms，’asthecasemightbe;andtheobnoxiouspassengerwasgenerallyright。Ononeoccasion，astheshipwasgoingintoCorfu，SirThomascameupthehatchwayandcasthiseyestowardsthegallows。’Bangham’—CharlesJenkinheardhimsaytohisaide—de—camp，LordBangham—’wherethedevilisthatotherchap？Ileftfourfellowshangingthere;nowIcanonlyseethree。Mindthereisanotherthereto—morrow。’AndsureenoughtherewasanotherGreekdanglingthenextday。’CaptainHamilton，oftheCAMBRIAN，kepttheGreeksinorderafloat，’writesmyauthor，’andKingTomashore。’
From1823onward，thechiefsceneofCharlesJenkin’sactivitieswasintheWestIndies，wherehewasengagedoffandontill1844，nowasasubaltern，nowinavesselofhisown，huntingoutpirates，’thenverynotorious’intheLeewardIslands，cruisingafterslavers，orcarryingdollarsandprovisionsfortheGovernment。Whileyetamidshipman，heaccompaniedMr。CockburntoCaraccasandhadasightofBolivar。InthebrigantineGRIFFON，whichhecommandedinhislastyearsintheWestIndies，hecarriedaidtoGuadeloupeaftertheearthquake，andtwiceearnedthethanksofGovernment：onceforanexpeditiontoNicaraguatoextort，underthreatofablockade，properapologiesandasumofmoneyduetocertainBritishmerchants;andonceduringaninsurrectioninSanDomingo，fortherescueofcertainothersfromaperilousimprisonmentandtherecoveryofa’chestofmoney’ofwhichtheyhadbeenrobbed。Once，ontheotherhand，heearnedhisshareofpubliccensure。Thiswasin1837，whenhecommandedtheROMNEY
lyingintheinnerharbourofHavannah。TheROMNEYwasinnopropersenseaman—of—war;shewasaslave—hulk，thebondedwarehouseoftheMixedSlaveCommission;wherenegroes，capturedoutofslaversunderSpanishcolours，weredetainedprovisionally，tilltheCommissionshoulddecideupontheircaseandeithersetthemfreeorbindthemtoapprenticeship。Tothisship，alreadyaneye—soretotheauthorities，aCubanslavemadehisescape。Thepositionwasinvidious;ononesidewerethetraditionoftheBritishflagandthestateofpublicsentimentathome;ontheother，thecertaintythatiftheslavewerekept，theROMNEYwouldbeorderedatonceoutoftheharbour，andtheobjectoftheMixedCommissioncompromised。Withoutconsultationwithanyotherofficer，CaptainJenkin（thenlieutenant）returnedthemantoshoreandtooktheCaptain—General’sreceipt。LordPalmerstonapprovedhiscourse;butthezealotsoftheanti—slavetrademovement（nevertobenamedwithoutrespect）weremuchdissatisfied;andthirty—
nineyearslater，thematterwasagaincanvassedinParliament，andLordPalmerstonandCaptainJenkindefendedbyAdmiralErskineinalettertotheTIMES（March13，1876）。
In1845，whilestilllieutenant，CharlesJenkinactedasAdmiralPigot’sflagcaptainintheCoveofCork，wherethereweresomethirtypennants;andaboutthesametime，closedhiscareerbyanactofpersonalbravery。Hehadproceededwithhisboatstothehelpofamerchantvessel，whosecargoofcombustibleshadtakenfireandwassmoulderingunderhatches;hissailorswereinthehold，wherethefumeswerealreadyheavy，andJenkinwasondeckdirectingoperations，whenhefoundhisorderswerenolongeransweredfrombelow：hejumpeddownwithouthesitationandslungupseveralinsensiblemenwithhisownhand。Forthisact，hereceivedaletterfromtheLordsoftheAdmiraltyexpressingasenseofhisgallantry;andprettysoonafterwaspromotedCommander，superseded，andcouldneveragainobtainemployment。
In1828or1829，CharlesJenkinwasinthesamewatchwithanothermidshipman，RobertColinCampbellJackson，whointroducedhimtohisfamilyinJamaica。Thefather，theHonourableRobertJackson，CustosRotulorumofKingston，cameofaYorkshirefamily，saidtobeoriginallyScotch;andonthemother’sside，countedkinshipwithsomeoftheForbeses。ThemotherwasSusanCampbell，oneoftheCampbellsofAuchenbreck。HerfatherColin，amerchantinGreenock，issaidtohavebeentheheirtoboththeestateandthebaronetcy;heclaimedneither，whichcastsadoubtuponthefact，buthehadprideenoughhimself，andtaughtenoughpridetohisfamily，foranystationordescentinChristendom。Hehadfourdaughters。OnemarriedanEdinburghwriter，asIhaveitonafirstaccount—aminister，accordingtoanother—amanatleastofreasonablestation，butnotgoodenoughfortheCampbellsofAuchenbreck;andtheerringonewasinstantlydiscarded。AnothermarriedanactorofthenameofAdcock，whom（asIreceivethetale）shehadseenactinginabarn;butthephraseshouldperhapsberegardedratherasameasureofthefamilyannoyance，thanamirrorofthefacts。Themarriagewasnotinitselfunhappy;
Adcockwasagentlemanbybirthandmadeagoodhusband;thefamilyreasonablyprospered，andoneofthedaughtersmarriednolessamanthanClarksonStanfield。Butbythefather，andthetworemainingMissCampbells，peopleoffiercepassionsandatrulyHighlandpride，thederogationwasbitterlyresented。Forlongthesisterslivedestrangedthen，Mrs。JacksonandMrs。Adcockwerereconciledforamoment，onlytoquarrelthemorefiercely;thenameofMrs。Adcockwasproscribed，nordiditagainpasshersister’slips，untilthemorningwhensheannounced：’MaryAdcockisdead;Isawherinhershroudlastnight。’Secondsightwashereditaryinthehouse;andsureenough，asIhaveitreported，onthatverynightMrs。Adcockhadpassedaway。Thus，ofthefourdaughters，twohad，accordingtotheidioticnotionsoftheirfriends，disgracedthemselvesinmarriage;theotherssupportedthehonourofthefamilywithabettergrace，andmarriedWestIndianmagnatesofwhom，Ibelieve，theworldhasneverheardandwouldnotcaretohear：Sostrangeathingisthishereditarypride。OfMr。Jackson，beyondthefactthathewasFleeming’sgrandfather，I
knownaught。Hiswife，asIhavesaid，wasawomanoffiercepassions;shewouldtieherhouseslavestothebedandlashthemwithherownhand;andherconducttoherwildanddown—goingsons，wasamixtureofalmostinsaneself—sacrificeandwhollyinsaneviolenceoftemper。Shehadthreesonsandonedaughter。Twoofthesonswentutterlytoruin，andreducedtheirmothertopoverty。
ThethirdwenttoIndia，aslim，delicatelad，andpassedsowhollyfromtheknowledgeofhisrelativesthathewasthoughttobelongdead。Yearslater，whenhissisterwaslivinginGenoa，ared—
beardedmanofgreatstrengthandstature，tannedbyyearsinIndia，andhishandscoveredwithbarbaricgems，enteredtheroomunannounced，asshewasplayingthepiano，liftedherfromherseat，andkissedher。Itwasherbrother，suddenlyreturnedoutofapastthatwasneververyclearlyunderstood，withtherankofgeneral，manystrangegems，manycloudystoriesofadventure，andnexthisheart，thedaguerreotypeofanIndianprincewithwhomhehadmixedblood。
Thelastofthiswildfamily，thedaughter，HenriettaCamilla，becamethewifeofthemidshipmanCharles，andthemotherofthesubjectofthisnotice，FleemingJenkin。Shewasawomanofpartsandcourage。Notbeautiful，shehadafarhighergift，theartofseemingso;playedthepartofabelleinsociety，whilefarlovelierwomenwereleftunattended;anduptooldagehadmuchofboththeexigencyandthecharmthatmarkthatcharacter。Shedrewnaturally，forshehadnotraining，withunusualskill;anditwasfromher，andnotfromthetwonavalartists，thatFleeminginheritedhiseyeandhand。Sheplayedontheharpandsangwithsomethingbeyondthetalentofanamateur。Attheageofseventeen，sheheardPastainParis;flewupinafireofyouthfulenthusiasm;andthenextmorning，allaloneandwithoutintroduction，foundherwayintothepresenceofthePRIMADONNA
andbeggedforlessons。Pastamadehersing，kissedherwhenshehaddone，andthoughsherefusedtobehermistress，placedherinthehandsofafriend。Norwasthisall，forwhenPastareturnedtoParis，shesentforthegirl（onceatleast）totestherprogress。ButMrs。Jenkin’stalentswerenotsoremarkableasherfortitudeandstrengthofwill;anditwasinanartforwhichshehadnonaturaltaste（theartofliterature）thatsheappearedbeforethepublic。Hernovels，thoughtheyattainedandmeritedacertainpopularitybothinFranceandEngland，areameasureonlyofhercourage。Theywereatask，notabelovedtask;theywerewrittenformoneyindaysofpoverty，andtheyservedtheirend。
Intheleastthingaswellasinthegreatest，ineveryprovinceoflifeaswellasinhernovels，shedisplayedthesamecapacityoftakinginfinitepains，whichdescendedtoherson。Whenshewasaboutforty（asnearasheragewasknown）shelosthervoice;setherselfatoncetolearnthepiano，workingeighthoursaday;andattainedtosuchproficiencythathercollaborationinchambermusicwascourtedbyprofessionals。Andmorethantwentyyearslater，theoldladymighthavebeenseendauntlesslybeginningthestudyofHebrew。Thisisthemoreetherealpartofcourage;norwasshewantinginthemorematerial。Oncewhenaneighbouringgroom，amarriedman，hadseducedhermaid，Mrs。Jenkinmountedherhorse，rodeovertothestableentranceandhorsewhippedthemanwithherownhand。
Howamatchcameaboutbetweenthistalentedandspiritedgirlandtheyoungmidshipman，isnotveryIeasytoconceive。CharlesJenkinwasoneofthefinestcreaturesbreathing;loyalty，devotion，simplenaturalpiety，boyishcheerfulness，tenderandmanlysentimentintheoldsailorfashion，wereinhiminherentandinextinguishableeitherbyage，suffering，orinjustice。Helooked，ashewas，everyinchagentleman;hemusthavebeeneverywherenotable，evenamonghandsomemen，bothforhisfaceandhisgallantbearing;notsomuchthatofasailor，youwouldhavesaid，aslikeoneofthosegentleandgracefulsoldiersthat，tothisday，arethemostpleasantofEnglishmentosee。Butthoughhewasinthesewaysnoble，theduncescholarofNorthiamwastotheendnogenius。Uponallpointsthatamanmustunderstandtobeagentleman，tobeupright，gallant，affectionateanddeadtoself，CaptainJenkinwasmoreknowingthanoneamongathousand;
outsideofthat，hismindwasverylargelyblank。Hehadindeedasimplicitythatcameneartovacancy;andinthefirstfortyyearsofhismarriedlife，thiswantgrewmoreaccentuated。Inbothfamiliesimprudentmarriageshadbeentherule;butneitherJenkinnorCampbellhadeverenteredintoamoreunequalunion。Itwasthecaptain’sgoodlooks，wemaysuppose，thatgainedforhimthiselevation;andinsomewaysandformanyyearsofhislife，hehadtopaythepenalty。Hiswife，impatientofhisincapacityandsurroundedbybrilliantfriends，usedhimwithacertaincontempt。
Shewasthemanagingpartner;thelifewashers，nothis;afterhisretirementtheylivedmuchabroad，wherethepoorcaptain，whocouldneverlearnanylanguagebuthisown，satinthecornermumchance;andevenhisson，carriedawaybyhisbrightmother，didnotrecogniseforlongthetreasuresofsimplechivalrythatlayburiedintheheartofhisfather。Yetitwouldbeanerrortoregardthismarriageasunfortunate。Itnotonlylastedlongenoughtojustifyitselfinabeautifulandtouchingepilogue，butitgavetotheworldthescientificworkandwhat（whiletimewas）
wereoffargreatervalue，thedelightfulqualitiesofFleemingJenkin。TheKentish—Welshfamily，facile，extravagant，generoustoafaultandfarfrombrilliant，hadgiventhefather，anextremeexampleofitshumblevirtues。Ontheotherside，thewild，cruel，proud，andsomewhatblackguardstockoftheScotchCampbell—
Jacksons，hadputforth，inthepersonofthemotherallitsforceandcourage。
Themarriagefellinevildays。In1823，thebubbleoftheGoldenAunt’sinheritancehadburst。Shediedholdingthehandofthenephewshehadsowantonlydeceived;atthelastshedrewhimdownandseemedtoblesshim，surelywithsomeremorsefulfeeling;forwhenthewillwasopened，therewasnotfoundsomuchasthementionofhisname。Hewasdeeplyindebt;indebteventotheestateofhisdeceiver，sothathehadtosellapieceoflandtoclearhimself。’Mydearboy，’hesaidtoCharles，’therewillbenothingleftforyou。Iamaruinedman。’Andherefollowsformethestrangestpartofthisstory。Fromthedeathofthetreacherousaunt，CharlesJenkin，senior，hadstillsomenineyearstolive;itwasperhapstoolateforhimtoturntosaving，andperhapshisaffairswerepastrestoration。Buthisfamilyatleasthadallthiswhiletoprepare;theywerestillyoungmen，andknewwhattheyhadtolookforattheirfather’sdeath;andyetwhenthathappenedinSeptember，1831，theheirwasstillapatheticallywaiting。PoorJohn，thedaysofhiswhipsandspurs，andYeomanrydinners，werequiteover;andwiththatincrediblesoftnessoftheJenkinnature，hesettleddownfortherestofalonglife，intosomethingnotfarremovedaboveapeasant。ThemillfarmatStowtinghadbeensavedoutofthewreck;andherehebuilthimselfahouseontheMexicanmodel，andmadethetwoendsmeetwithrusticthrift，gatheringdungwithhisownhandsupontheroadandnotatallabashedathisemployment。Indress，voice，andmanner，hefellintomerecountryplainness;livedwithouttheleastcareforappearances，theleastregretforthepastordiscontentmentwiththepresent;andwhenhecametodie，diedwithStoiccheerfulness，announcingthathehadhadacomfortabletimeandwasyetwellpleasedtogo。Onewouldthinktherewaslittleactivevirtuetobeinheritedfromsucharace;andyetinthissamevoluntarypeasant，thespecialgiftofFleemingJenkinwasalreadyhalfdeveloped。Theoldmantotheendwasperpetuallyinventing;
hisstrange，ill—spelled，unpunctuatedcorrespondenceisfull（whenhedoesnotdropintocookeryreceipts）ofpumps，roadengines，steam—diggers，steam—ploughs，andsteam—threshingmachines;andI
haveitonFleeming’swordthatwhathedidwasfullofingenuity—
only，asifbysomecrossdestiny，useless。Thesedisappointmentshenotonlytookwithimperturbablegoodhumour，butrejoicedwithaparticularrelishoverhisnephew’ssuccessinthesamefield。
’Igloryintheprofessor，’hewrotetohisbrother;andtoFleeminghimself，withatouchofsimpledrollery，’Iwasmuchpleasedwithyourlecture，butwhydidyouhitmesohardwithConisure’s’（connoisseur’s，QUASIamateur’s）’engineering？Oh，whatpresumption！—eitherofyouorMYself！’Aquaint，patheticfigure，thisofuncleJohn，withhisdungcartandhisinventions;
andtheromanticfancyofhisMexicanhouse;andhiscrazeabouttheLostTribeswhichseemedtotheworthymanthekeyofallperplexities;andhisquietconscience，lookingbackonalifenotaltogethervain，forhewasagoodsontohisfatherwhilehisfatherlived，andwhenevildaysapproached，hehadprovedhimselfacheerfulStoic。
ItfollowedfromJohn’sinertia，thatthedutyofwindinguptheestatefellintothehandsofCharles。Hemanageditwithnomoreskillthanmightbeexpectedofasailorashore，savedabarelivelihoodforJohnandnothingfortherest。Eightmonthslater，hemarriedMissJackson;andwithhermoney，boughtinsometwo—
thirdsofStowting。InthebeginningofthelittlefamilyhistorywhichIhavebeenfollowingtosogreatanextent，theCaptainmentions，withadelightfulpride：’ACourtBaronandCourtLeetareregularlyheldbytheLadyoftheManor，Mrs。HenriettaCamillaJenkin’;andindeedthepleasureofsodescribinghiswife，wasthemostsolidbenefitoftheinvestment;forthepurchasewasheavilyencumberedandpaidthemnothingtillsomeyearsbeforetheirdeath。Inthemeanwhile，theJacksonfamilyalso，whatwithwildsons，anindulgentmotherandtheimpendingemancipationoftheslaves，wasmovingnearerandnearertobeggary;andthusoftwodoomedanddeclininghouses，thesubjectofthismemoirwasborn，heirtoanestateandtonomoney，yetwithinheritedqualitiesthatweretomakehimknownandloved。
CHAPTERII。1833—1851。
BirthandChildhood—Edinburgh—Frankfort—on—the—Main—Paris—
TheRevolutionof1848—TheInsurrection—FlighttoItaly—
SympathywithItaly—TheInsurrectioninGenoa—AStudentinGenoa—TheLadandhisMother。
HENRYCHARLESFLEEMINGJENKIN（Fleeming，pronouncedFlemming，tohisfriendsandfamily）wasborninaGovernmentbuildingonthecoastofKent，nearDungeness，wherehisfatherwasservingatthetimeintheCoastguard，onMarch25，1833，andnamedafterAdmiralFleeming，oneofhisfather’sprotectorsinthenavy。
Hischildhoodwasvagrantlikehislife。OncehewasleftinthecareofhisgrandmotherJackson，whileMrs。Jenkinsailedinherhusband’sshipandstayedayearattheHavannah。Thetragicwomanwasbesidesfromtimetotimeamemberofthefamilyshewasindistressofmindandreducedinfortunebythemisconductofhersons;herdestitutionandsolitudemadeitarecurringdutytoreceiveher，herviolencecontinuallyenforcedfreshseparations。
Inherpassionofadisappointedmother，shewasafitobjectofpity;buthergrandson，whoheardherloadhisownmotherwithcruelinsultsandreproaches，conceivedforheranindignantandimpatienthatred，forwhichheblamedhimselfinlaterlife。ItisstrangefromthispointofviewtoseehischildishletterstoMrs。
Jackson;andtothinkthataman，distinguishedaboveallbystubborntruthfulness，shouldhavebeenbroughtuptosuchdissimulation。Butthisisofcourseunavoidableinlife;itdidnoharmtoJenkin;andwhetherhegotharmorbenefitfromasoearlyacquaintancewithviolentandhatefulscenes，ismorethanI
canguess。Theexperience，atleast，wasformative;andinjudginghischaracteritshouldnotbeforgotten。ButMrs。Jacksonwasnottheonlystrangerintheirgates;theCaptain’ssister，AuntAnnaJenkin，livedwiththemuntilherdeath;shehadalltheJenkinbeautyofcountenance，thoughshewasunhappilydeformedinbodyandoffrailhealth;andsheevenexcelledhergentleandineffectualfamilyinallamiablequalities。SothateachofthetworacesfromwhichFleemingsprang，hadanoutpostbyhisverycradle;theoneheinstinctivelyloved，theotherhated;andthelife—longwarinhismembershadbegunthusearlybyavictoryforwhatwasbest。
WecantracethefamilyfromonecountryplacetoanotherinthesouthofScotland;wherethechildlearnedhistasteforsportbyridinghometheponyfromthemoors。BeforehewasninehecouldwritesuchapassageasthisaboutaHallowe’enobservance：’I
pulledamiddling—sizedcabbage—runtwithaprettysumofgoldaboutit。NowitcheswouldrunaftermewhenIwassowingmyhempseedthisyear;mynutsblazedawaytogetherverycomfortablytotheendoftheirlives，andwhenmammaputhersinwhichweremeantforherselfandpapatheyblazedawayinthelikemanner。’
Beforehewastenhecouldwrite，withareallyirritatingprecocity，thathehadbeen’makingsomepicturesfromabookcalled\"LesFrancaispeintspareuxmemes。\"……Itisfullofpicturesofallclasses，withadescriptionofeachinFrench。Thepicturesarealittlecaricatured，butnotmuch。’Doubtlessthiswasonlyanechofromhismother，butitshowstheatmosphereinwhichhebreathed。ItmusthavebeenagoodchangeforthisartcritictobetheplaymateofMaryMacdonald，theirgardener’sdaughteratBarjarg，andtosupwithherfamilyonpotatoesandmilk;andFleeminghimselfattachedsomevaluetothisearlyandfriendlyexperienceofanotherclass。
Hiseducation，intheformalsense，beganatJedburgh。ThencehewenttotheEdinburghAcademy，wherehewastheclassmateofTaitandClerkMaxwell，boreawaymanyprizes，andwasonceunjustlyfloggedbyRectorWilliams。Heusedtoinsistthatallhisbadschoolfellowshaddiedearly，abeliefamusinglycharacteristicoftheman’sconsistentoptimism。In1846themotherandsonproceededtoFrankfort—on—the—Main，wheretheyweresoonjoinedbythefather，nowreducedtoinactionandtoplaysomethinglikethirdfiddleinhisnarrowhousehold。Theemancipationoftheslaveshaddeprivedthemoftheirlastresourcebeyondthehalf—payofacaptain;andlifeabroadwasnotonlydesirableforthesakeofFleeming’seducation，itwasalmostenforcedbyreasonsofeconomy。Butitwas，nodoubt，somewhatharduponthecaptain。
Certainlythatperennialboyfoundacompanioninhisson;theywerebothactiveandeager，bothwillingtobeamused，bothyoung，ifnotinyears，thenincharacter。Theywentouttogetheronexcursionsandsketchedoldcastles，sittingsidebyside;theyhadanangryrivalryinwalking，doubtlessequallysincereuponbothsides;andindeedwemaysaythatFleemingwasexceptionallyfavoured，andthatnoboyhadeveracompanionmoreinnocent，engaging，gay，andairy。Butalthoughinthiscaseitwouldbeeasytoexaggerateitsimport，yet，intheJenkinfamilyalso，thetragedyofthegenerationswasproceeding，andthechildwasgrowingoutofhisfather’sknowledge。Hisartisticaptitudewasofadifferentorder。Alreadyhehadhisquicksightofmanysidesoflife;healreadyoverflowedwithdistinctionsandgeneralisations，contrastingthedramaticartandnationalcharacterofEngland，Germany，Italy，andFrance。Ifheweredull，hewouldwritestoriesandpoems。’Ihavewritten，’hesaysatthirteen，’averylongstoryinheroicmeasure，300lines，andanotherScotchstoryandinnumerablebitsofpoetry’;andatthesameagehehadnotonlyakeenfeelingforscenery，butcoulddosomethingwithhispentocallitup。IfeelIdoalwayslessthanjusticetothedelightfulmemoryofCaptainJenkin;butwithaladofthischaracter，cuttingtheteethofhisintelligence，hewassuretofallintothebackground。
Thefamilyremovedin1847toParis，whereFleemingwasputtoschoolunderoneDeluc。TherehelearnedFrench，and（ifthecaptainisright）firstbegantoshowatasteformathematics。ButafarmoreimportantteacherthanDelucwasathand;theyear1848，somomentousforEurope，wasmomentousalsoforFleeming’scharacter。ThefamilypoliticswereLiberal;Mrs。Jenkin，generousbeforeallthings，wassuretobeuponthesideofexiles;andinthehouseofaParisfriendofhers，Mrs。Turner—alreadyknowntofameasShelley’sCorneliadeBoinville—FleemingsawandheardsuchmenasManin，Gioberti，andtheRuffinis。Hewasthuspreparedtosympathisewithrevolution;andwhenthehourcame，andhefoundhimselfinthemidstofstirringandinfluentialevents，thelad’swholecharacterwasmoved。HecorrespondedatthattimewithayoungEdinburghfriend，oneFrankScott;andIamheregoingtodrawsomewhatlargelyonthisboyishcorrespondence。ItgivesusatonceapictureoftheRevolutionandaportraitofJenkinatfifteen;notsodifferent（hisfriendswillthink）fromtheJenkinoftheend—boyish，simple，opinionated，delightinginaction，delightingbeforeallthingsinanygeneroussentiment。