Thesunwearsashirtofdresseddeerskin,withleggingsofthesamereachingtohisthighs。Theshirtandleggingsarefringed。Hismoccasinsarealsoofdeerskinandembroideredinyellow,red,andturkisbeads。Hewearsakiltofdeerskin,havingasnakepainteduponit。Hecarriesabowandarrows,thequiverbeingofcougarskin,hangingoverhisshoulder,andheholdshisbowinhislefthandandanarrowinhisright。HealwayswearsthemaskwhichprotectshimfromthesightofthepeopleofHa—arts。
Atthetopofthemaskisaneagleplumewithparrotplumes;aneagleplumeisateachside,andoneatthebottomofthemask。Thehairaroundtheheadandfaceisredlikefire,andwhenitmovesandshakespeoplecannotlookcloselyatthemask。Itisnotintendedthattheyshouldobserveclosely,elsetheywouldknowthatinsteadofseeingthesuntheyseeonlyhismask。
Themooncametotheupperworldwiththesunandhealsowearsamask。
EachnightthesunpassesbythehouseofSussistinnako,thespider,whoaskshim,\"Howaremychildrenabove?Howmanyhavediedto—day?Howmanyhavebeenbornto—day?\"Thesunlingersonlylongenoughtoanswerhisquestions。Hethenpassesontohishouseintheeast。
TheFoxesandtheSunYurok(nearKlamathRiver,Cal。)
Onceuponatime,theFoxeswereangrywithSun。Theyheldacouncilaboutthematter。ThentwelveFoxeswereselected—twelveofthebravesttocatchSunandtiehimdown。Theymaderopesofsinew;thenthetwelvewatcheduntiltheSun,ashefollowedthedownwardtrailinthesky,touchedthetopofacertainhill。ThentheFoxescaughtSun,andtiedhimfasttothehill。ButtheIndianssawthem,andtheykilledtheFoxeswitharrows。Thentheycutthesinews。ButtheSunhadburnedagreatholeintheground。TheIndiansknowthestoryistrue,becausetheycanseetheholewhichSunburned。
TheTheftofFireKarok(nearKlamathRiver,Cal。)
TherewasnofireonearthandtheKarokswerecoldandmiserable。Farawaytotheeast,hiddeninatreasurebox,wasfirewhichKareyahadmadeandgiventotwooldhags,lesttheKaroksshouldstealit。SoCoyotedecidedtostealfirefortheIndians。
Coyotecalledagreatcounciloftheanimals。AfterthecouncilhestationedalinefromthelandoftheKarokstothedistantlandwherethefirewaskept。LionwasnearesttheFireLand,andFrogwasnearesttheKarokland。LionwasstrongestandFrogwasweakest,andtheotheranimalstooktheirplaces,accordingtothepowergiventhembyMan。
ThenCoyotetookanIndianwithhimandwenttothehilltop,buthehidtheIndianunderthehill。Coyotewenttothetepeeofthehags。Hesaid,\"Good—evening。\"Theyreplied,\"Good—evening。\"
Coyotesaid,\"Itiscoldouthere。Canyouletmesitbythefire?\"Sotheylethimsitbythefire。Hewasonlyacoyote。Hestretchedhisnoseoutalonghisforepawsandpretendedtogotosleep,buthekeptthecornerofoneeyeopenwatching。Sohespentallnightwatchingandthinking,buthehadnochancetogetapieceofthefire。
ThenextmorningCoyoteheldacouncilwiththeIndian。Hetoldhimwhenhe,Coyote,waswithinthetepee,toattackit。ThenCoyotewentbacktothefire。Thehagslethiminagain。HewasonlyaCoyote。ButCoyotestoodclosebythecasketoffire。TheIndianmadeadashatthetepee。
Thehagsrushedoutafterhim,andCoyoteseizedafirebrandinhisteethandflewovertheground。Thehagssawthesparksflyingandgavechase。ButCoyotereachedLion,whoranwithittoGrizzlyBear。GrizzlyBearranwithittoCinnamonBear;heranwithittoWolf,andatlastthefirecametoGround—Squirrel。Squirreltookthebrandandransofastthathistailcaughtfire。Hecurleditupoverhisback,andburnedtheblackspotinhisshoulders。Youcanseeitevento—day。
SquirrelcametoFrog,butFrogcouldn’trun。Heopenedhismouthwideandswallowedthefire。Thenhejumpedbutthehagscaughthistail。
Frogjumpedagain,butthehagskepthistail。ThatiswhyFrogshavenotail,eventothisday。Frogswamunderwater,andcameuponapileofdriftwood。Hespatoutthefireintothedrywood,andthatiswhythereisfireindrywoodevento—day。WhenanIndianrubstwopiecestogether,thefirecomesout。
TheTheftofFireSia(NewMexico)
Along,longtimeago,thepeoplebecametiredoffeedingongrass,likedeerandwildanimals,andtheytalkedtogetherhowfiremightbefound。
TheTi—amonisaid,\"Coyoteisthebestmantostealfirefromtheworldbelow,\"sohesentforCoyote。
WhenCoyotecame,theTi—amonisaid,\"Thepeoplewishforfire。Wearetiredoffeedingongrass。Youmustgototheworldbelowandbringthefire。\"
Coyotesaid,\"Itiswell,father。Iwillgo。\"
SoCoyoteslippedstealthilytothehouseofSussistinnako。Itwasthemiddleofthenight。Snake,whoguardedthefirstdoor,wasasleep,andheslippedquicklyandquietlyby。Cougar,whoguardedtheseconddoor,wasasleep,andCoyoteslippedby。Bear,whoguardedthethirddoor,wasalsosleeping。Atthefourthdoor,Coyotefoundtheguardianofthefireasleep。SlippingthroughintotheroomofSussistinnako,hefoundhimalsosleeping。
Coyotequicklylightedthecedarbrandwhichwasattachedtohistailandhurriedout。Spiderawoke,justenoughtoknowsomeonewasleavingtheroom。\"Whoisthere?\"hecried。Thenhecalled,\"Someonehasbeenhere。\"ButbeforehecouldwakenthesleepingBearandCougarandSnake,Coyotehadalmostreachedtheupperworld。
TheEarth—HardeningAftertheFloodSia(NewMexico)
Aftertheflood,theSiareturnedtoHa—arts,theearth。Theycamethroughanopeninginthefarnorth。Aftertheyhadremainedattheirfirstvillageayear,theywishedtopasson,buttheearthwasverymoistandUtsetwaspuzzledhowtohardenit。
UtsetcalledCougar。Shesaid,\"Haveyouanymedicinetohardentheroadsothatwemaypassoverit?\"Cougarreplied,\"Iwilltry,mother。\"Butaftergoingashortdistanceovertheroad,hesanktohisshouldersinthewetearth。HereturnedmuchafraidandtoldUtsetthathecouldgonofarther。
ThenshesentforBear。Shesaid,\"Haveyouanymedicinetohardentheroad?\"Bearstartedout,buthesanktohisshoulders,andreturnedsaying,\"Icandonothing。\"
ThenUtsetcalledBadger,andhetried。ShecalledShrew,andhefailed。
ShecalledWolf,andhefailed。
ThenUtsetreturnedtothelowerworldandaskedSussistinnakowhatshecoulddotohardentheearthsothatherpeoplemighttraveloverit。Heasked,\"Haveyounomedicinetomaketheearthfirm?HaveyouaskedCougarandWolf,BearandBadgerandWolftousetheirmedicinestohardentheearth?\"
Utsetsaid,\"Ihavetriedallthese。\"
ThenSussistinnakosaid,\"Otherswillunderstand。\"HetoldhertohaveawomanoftheKapina(spider)clantrytohardentheearth。
Whenthewomanarrived,Utsetsaid,\"Mymother,SussistinnakotellsmetheKapinasocietyunderstandhowtohardentheearth。\"
Thewomansaid,\"Idonotknowhowtomaketheearthhard。\"
ThreetimesUtsetaskedthewomanabouthardeningtheearth,andthreetimesthewomansaid,\"Idonotknow。\"Thefourthtimethewomansaid,\"Well,IguessIknow。Iwilltry。\"
SoshecalledtogetherthemembersoftheSpidersociety,theKapina,andsaid,\"Ourmother,Sussistinnako,bidsusworkforherandhardentheearthsothatthepeoplemaypassoverit。\"Thespiderwomanfirstmadearoadoffinecottonwhichsheproducedfromherownbody,andsuspendeditafewfeetabovetheearth。Thenshetoldthepeopletheycouldtravelonthat。Butthepeoplewereafraidtotrustthemselvestosuchafrailroad。
ThenUtsetsaid,\"IwishamanandnotawomanoftheSpidersocietytoworkforme。\"
Thenhecame。Hethrewoutacharmofwood,latticedsoitcouldbeexpandedorcontracted。Whenitwasextendeditreachedtothemiddleoftheearth。Hethrewittothesouth,totheeast,andtothewest;thenhethrewittowardthepeopleinthenorth。
Sotheearthwasmadefirmthatthepeoplemighttraveluponit。
SoonafterUtsetsaid,\"Iwillsoonleaveyou。Iwill,returntothehomefromwhichIcame。\"
ThensheselectedamanoftheCornclan。Shesaidtohim,\"YouwillbeknownasTi—amoni(arch—ruler)。Youwillbetomypeopleasmyself。Youwillpasswiththemoverthestraightroad。Igivetoyouallmywisdom,mythoughts,myheart,andall。Ifillyourmindwithmymind。\"
Hereplied:\"Itiswell,mother。Iwilldoasyousay。\"
TheOriginsoftheTotemsandofNamesZuni(NewMexico)
NowtheTwainBelovedandthepriest—fathersgatheredincouncilforthenamingandselectionofman—groupsandcreature—kinds,andthings。SotheycalledthepeopleofthesouthernspacetheChildrenofSummer,andthosewholovedthesunmostbecametheSunpeople。OtherswholovedthewaterbecametheToadpeople,orTurtlepeople,orFrogpeople。OtherslovedtheseedsoftheearthandbecametheSeedpeople,orthepeopleoftheFirst—growinggrass,oroftheTobacco。ThosewholovedwarmthweretheFireorBadgerpeople。Accordingtotheirnaturestheychosetheirtotems。
AndsoalsodidthePeopleofWinter,orthePeopleoftheNorth。SomewereknownastheBearpeople,ortheCoyotepeople,orDeerpeople;
othersastheCranepeople,Turkeypeople,orGrousepeople。SotheBadgerpeopledweltinawarmplace,evenasthebadgersonthesunnysideofhillsburrow,findingadwellingamongstthedryrootswhenceisfire。
TraditionsofWanderingsHopi(Arizona)
AftertheHopihadbeentaughttobuildstonehouses,theytookseparateways。MypeopleweretheSnakepeople。Theylivedinsnakeskins,eachfamilyoccupyingaseparatesnakeskinbag。AllwerehungontheendofarainbowwhichswungarounduntiltheendtouchedNavajoMountain。Thenthebagsdroppedfromit。Whereverabagdropped,therewastheirhouse。Aftertheyarrangedtheirbagstheycameoutfromthemasmenandwomen,andtheythenbuiltastonehousewhichhadfivesides。Thenabrilliantstararoseinthesoutheast。Itwouldshineforawhileanddisappear。
Theoldmensaid,\"’Beneaththatstartheremustbepeople。\"Theydecidedtotraveltoit。Theycutastaffandsetitinthegroundandwatcheduntilthestarreacheditstop。Thentheystartedandtravelledaslongasthestarshone。Whenitdisappearedtheyhalted。Butthestardidnotshineeverynight。Sometimesmanyyearspassedbeforeitappearedagain。Whenthisoccurred,thepeoplebuilthousesduringtheirhalt。Theybuiltroundhousesandsquarehouses,andalltheruinsbetweenhereandNavajoMountainmarktheplaceswhereourpeoplelived。
Theywaiteduntilthestarcametothetopofthestaffagain,butwhentheymovedon,manypeopleremainedinthosehouses。
WhenourpeoplereachedWaipho(aspringafewmilesfromWalpi)thestarvanished。Ithasneverbeenseensince。Theybuiltahousethere,butMasauwu,theGodoftheFaceoftheEarth,cameandcompelledthepeopletomoveabouthalfwaybetweentheEastMesaandtheMiddleMesaandtheretheystayedmanyplantings。Onetimewhentheoldmenwereassembled,thegodcameamongthem,lookinglikeahorribleskeletonandrattlinghisbones。Buthecouldnotfrightenthem。Sohesaid,\"Ihavelostmywager。AllthatIhaveisyours。AskforanythingyouwantandI
willgiveittoyou。\"
Atthattime,ourpeople’shousewasbesidethewatercourse。Thegodsaid,\"Whydoyousitthereinthemud?Goupyonderwhereitisdry。\"
Sotheywentacrosstothewestsideofthemesanearthepointandbuiltahouseandlivedthere。
Againwhentheoldmenassembledtwodemonscameamongthem,buttheoldmentookthegreatBahoandchasedthemaway。
OtherHopi(Hopituh)cameintothiscountryfromtimetotimeandoldpeoplesaid,\"Buildhere,\"or\"Buildthere,\"andportionedthelandamongthenewcomers。
TheMigrationoftheWaterPeopleWalpi(Arizona)
Inthelongago,theSnake,Horn,andEaglepeoplelivedhere(inTusayan)buttheircorngrewonlyaspanhighandwhentheysangforrain,theCloudgodsentonlyathinmist。MypeoplelivedtheninthedistantPa—latKwa—biintheSouth。Therewasaverybadoldmanthere。
Whenhemetanyonehewouldspitintheirfaces……Hedidallmannerofevil。Baholihongagotangryatthisandturnedtheworldupsidedown。Waterspoutedupthroughthekivasandthroughthefireplacesinthehouses。Theearthwasrentingreatchasms,andwatercoveredeverythingexceptonenarrowridgeofmud。AcrossthistheSerpent—godtoldallthepeopletotravel。Astheyjourneyedacross,thefeetofthebadslippedandtheyfellintothedarkwater。Thegoodpeople,aftermanydays,reacheddryland。
Whilethewaterwasrisingaroundthevillage,theoldpeoplegotontopofthehouses。Theythoughttheycouldnotstruggleacrosswiththeyoungerpeople。ButBaholihongaclothedthemwiththeskinsofturkeys。
Theyspreadtheirwingsoutandfloatedintheairjustabovethesurfaceofthewater,andinthiswaytheygotacross。Thereweresavedofus,theWaterpeople,theCornpeople,theLizard,Horned—toad,andSandpeoples,twofamiliesofRabbit,andtheTobaccopeople。Theturkeytaildraggedinthewater。Thatiswhythereiswhiteontheturkey’stailnow。Thisisalsothereasonwhyoldpeopleuseturkey—feathersatthereligiousceremonies。
CoyoteandtheMesquiteBeansPima(Arizona)
Afterthewatersofthefloodhadgonedown,ElderBrothersaidtoCoyote,\"Donottouchthatblackbug;anddonoteatthemesquitebeans。
Itisdangeroustoharmanythingthatcamesafethroughtheflood。\"
SoCoyotewenton,butpresentlyhecametotheblackbug。Hestoppedandateitup。Thenhewentontothemesquitebeans。Hestoppedandlookedatthemawhile,andthensaid,\"Iwilljusttasteoneandthatwillbeall。\"Buthestoodthereandateandateuntilhehadeatenthemallup。Andthebugandthebeansswelledupinhisstomachandkilledhim。
OriginoftheSierraNevadasandCoastRangeYokuts(nearFresno,Cal。)
Oncetherewasatimewhentherewasnothingintheworldbutwater。
AbouttheplacewhereTulareLakeisnow,therewasapolestandingfarupoutofthewater,andonthispoleperchedHawkandCrow。FirstHawkwouldsitonthepoleawhile,thenCrowwouldknockhimoffandsitonithimself。Thustheysatonthetopofthepoleabovethewaterformanyages。Atlasttheycreatedthebirdswhichpreyonfish。TheycreatedKingfisher,Eagle,Pelican,andothers。TheycreatedalsoDuck。
Duckwasverysmallbutshedivedtothebottomofthewater,tookabeakfulofmud,andthendiedincomingtothetopofthewater。Ducklaydeadfloatingonthewater。ThenHawkandCrowtookthemudfromDuck’sbeak,andbeganmakingthemountains。
TheybeganattheplacenowknownasTa—hi—cha—paPass,andHawkmadetheeastrange。Crowmadethewestone。Theypushedthemuddownhardintothewaterandthenpiledithigh。Theyworkedtowardthenorth。AtlastHawkandCrowmetatMountShasta。Thentheirworkwasdone。Butwhentheylookedattheirmountains,Crow’srangewasmuchlargerthanHawk’s。
HawksaidtoCrow,\"Howdidthishappen,yourascal?Youhavebeenstealingearthfrommybill。Thatiswhyyourmountainsarethebiggest。\"Crowlaughed。
ThenHawkchewedsomeIndiantobacco。Thatmadehimwise。Atoncehetookholdofthemountainsandturnedthemaroundalmostinacircle。HeputhisrangewhereCrow’shadbeen。ThatiswhytheSierraNevadaRangeislargerthantheCoastRange。
YosemiteValley(Explanatory)(3)
Mr。StephenPowersclaimsthatthereisnosuchwordintheMiwoklanguageasYosemite。Thevalleyhasalwaysbeenknowntothem,andistothisday,whenspeakingamongthemselves,asA—wa’—ni。This,itistrue,isonlythenameofoneoftheancientvillageswhichitcontained;butbyprominenceitgaveitsnametothevalley,andinaccordancewithIndianusagealmosteverywhere,totheinhabitantsofthesame。ThewordYosemiteissimplyaverybeautifulandsonorouscorruptionofthewordforgrizzlybear。OntheStanislausandnorthofit,thewordisu—zu’—mai—ti;atLittleGap,o—so’—mai—ti;inYosemiteitself,u—zu’—mai—ti;ontheSouthForkoftheMerced,uh—zu’—mai—tuh……
\"Inthefollowinglist,thesignificationofthenameisgivenwheneverthereisanyknowntotheIndians:
\"Wa—kal’—la(theriver),MercedRiver。
\"Lung—u—tu—ku’—ya,RibbonFall。
\"Po’—ho—no,Po—ho’—no(thoughthefirstisprobablythemorecorrect),Bridal—VeilFall……Thiswordissaidtosignify’evilwind。’Theonly’evilwind’thatanIndianknowsofisawhirlwind,whichispoi—i’—chaorKan’—u—ma。
\"Tu—tok—a—nu’—la,ElCapitan。’Measuring—wormstone。’[Legendisgivenelsewhere。]
\"Ko—su’—ko,CathedralRock。
\"Pu—si’—na,andChuk’—ka(thesquirrelandtheacorn—cache),atall,sharpneedle,withasmalleroneatitsbase,justeastofCathedralRock……Thesavages……imaginedhereasquirrelnibblingatthebaseofanacorngranary。
\"Loi’—a,SentinelRock。
\"Sak’—ka—du—eh,SentinelDome。
\"Cho’—lok(thefall),YosemiteFall。Thisisthegenericwordfor’fall。’
\"Ma’—ta(thecanon),Indiancanon。Agenericword,inexplainingwhichtheIndiansholdupbothhandstodenoteperpendicularwalls。
\"Ham’—mo—ko(usuallycontractedtoHam’—moak),……brokendebrislyingatthefootofthewalls。
\"U—zu’—mai—tiLa’—wa—tuh(grizzlybearskin),GlacierRock……fromthegrayish,grizzledappearanceofthewall。
\"Cho—ko—nip’—o—deh(baby—basket),RoyalArches。This……canopy—rockbearsnolittleresemblancetoanIndianbaby—basket。Anotherformischo—ko’—ni,……literally……’dog—house。’
\"Pai—wai’—ak(whitewater?),VernalFall。
\"Yo—wai—yi,NevadaFall。InthiswordisdetectedtherootofAwaia,’alake’orbodyofwater。
\"Tis—se’—yak,SouthDome。[Seelegendelsewhere。]
\"To—ko’—ye,NorthDome,husbandofTisseyak。[Seelegendelsewhere。]
\"Shun’—ta,Hun’—ta(theeye),WatchingEye。
\"A—wai’—a(alake),MirrorLake。
\"Sa—wah’(agap),anameoccurringfrequently。
\"Wa—ha’—ka,avillagewhichstoodatthebaseofThreeBrothers;alsotherockitself。Thiswasthewesternmostvillageinthevalley。
\"TherewereninevillagesinYosemiteValleyand……formerlyothersextendingasfardownastheBridalVeilFall,whichweredestroyedinwarsthatoccurredbeforethewhitescame。\"
(3)TheexplanationgivenaboveisthatmadebyMr。StephenPowers,inVol。3,U。S。GeographicalandGeologicalSurveyoftheRockyMountainregion,Part2,ContributionstoNorthAmericanEthnology,1877。
LegendofTu—Tok—A—Nu’—La(ElCapitan)
YosemiteValleyHerewereoncetwolittleboyslivinginthevalleywhowentdowntotherivertoswim。Afterpaddlingandsplashingabouttotheirhearts’
content,theywentonshoreandcreptuponahugeboulderwhichstoodbesidethewater。Theylaydowninthewarmsunshinetodrythemselves,butfellasleep。Theysleptsosoundlythattheyknewnothing,thoughthegreatbouldergrewdaybyday,androsenightbynight,untilitliftedthemupbeyondthesightoftheirtribe,wholookedforthemeverywhere。
Therockgrewuntiltheboyswereliftedhighintotheheaven,evenfarupabovethebluesky,untiltheyscrapedtheirfacesagainstthemoon。
Andstill,yearafteryear,amongthecloudstheyslept。
Thentherewasheldagreatcouncilofalltheanimalstobringtheboysdownfromthetopofthegreatrock。Everyanimalleapedashighashecouldupthefaceoftherockywall。Mousecouldonlyjumpashighasone’shand;Rat,twiceashigh。ThenRaccoontried;hecouldjumpalittlefarther。Oneafteranotheroftheanimalstried,andGrizzlyBearmadeagreatleapfarupthewall,butfellback。LastofallLiontried,andhejumpedfartherthananyotheranimal,butfelldownuponhisback。ThencametinyMeasuring—Worm,andbegantocreepuptherock。
SoonhereachedashighasRaccoonhadjumped,thenashighasBear,thenashighasLion’sleap,andbyandbyhewasoutofsight,climbingupthefaceoftherock。Foronewholesnow,Measuring—Wormclimbedtherock,andatlasthereachedthetop。Thenhewakenedtheboys,andcamedownthesamewayhewentup,andbroughtthemdownsafelytotheground。ThereforetherockiscalledTutokanula,themeasuringworm。ButwhitemencallitElCapitan。
LegendofTis—Se’—Yak(SouthDomeandNorthDome)
YosemiteValleyTisseyakandherhusbandjourneyedfromacountryveryfaroff,andenteredthevalleyoftheYosemitefoot—sorefromtravel。Sheboreagreatheavyconicalbasket,strappedacrossherhead。Tisseyakcamefirst。Herhusbandfollowedwitharudestaffandalightrollofskinsonhisback。Theywerethirstyaftertheirlongjourneyacrossthemountains。Theyhurriedforwardtodrinkofthewaters,andthewomanwasstillinadvancewhenshereachedLakeAwaia。Thenshedippedupthewaterinherbasketanddrankofit。Shedrankupallthewater。Thelakewasdrybeforeherhusbandreachedit。Andbecausethewomandrankallthewater,therecameadrought。Theearthdriedtip。Therewasnograss,noranygreenthing。
Butthemanwasangrybecausehehadnowatertodrink。Hebeatthewomanwithhisstaffandshefled,buthefollowedandbeatherevenmore。Thenthewomanwept。Inherangersheturnedandflungherbasketattheman。Andeventhentheywerechangedintostone。Thewoman’sbasketliesupturnedbesidetheman。Thewoman’sfaceistear—stained,withlongdarklinestrailingdown。
SouthDomeisthewomanandNorthDomeisthehusband。TheIndianwomancutsherhairstraightacrosstheforehead,andallowsthesidestodropalonghercheeks,formingasquareface。
HistoricTraditionoftheUpperTuolumneYosemiteValley(AsgivenbyMr。StephenPowers,1877。)(4)
Thereisalake—likeexpansionoftheUpperTuolumnesomefourmileslongandfromahalfmiletoamilewide,directlynorthofHatchatchieValley(erroneouslyspelledHetchHetchy)。ItappearstohavenonameamongAmericans,buttheIndianscallit0—wai—a—nuh,whichismanifestlyadialecticvariationofa—wai’—a,thegenericwordfor\"lake。\"Nat。Screech,aveteranmountaineerandhunter,statesthathevisitedthisregionin1850,andatthattimetherewasavalleyalongtheriverhavingthesamedimensionsthatthislakenowhas。Again,in1855,hehappenedtopassthatwayanddiscoveredthatthelakehadbeenformedasitnowexists。Hewasatalosstoaccountforitsorigin;butsubsequentlyheacquiredtheMiwoklanguageasspokenatLittleGap,andwhilelisteningtotheIndiansonedayheoverheardthemcasuallyrefertotheformationofthislakeinanextraordinarymanner。Onbeingquestionedtheystatedthattherehadbeenatremendouscataclysminthatvalley,thebottomofithavingfallenoutapparently,wherebytheentirevalleywassubmergedinthewatersoftheriver。Asnearlyashecouldascertainfromtheirimperfectmethodsofreckoningtime,thisoccurredin1851;andinthatyear,whileinthetownofSonora,Screechandmanyothersrememberedtohaveheardahugeexplosioninthatdirectionwhichtheythensupposedwascausedbyalocalearthquake。
OnDrew’sRanch,MiddleForkoftheTuolumne,livesanagedsquawcalledDish—i,whowasinthevalleywhenthisremarkableeventoccurred。
Accordingtoheraccounttheearthdroppedinbeneaththeirfeet,andwatersoftheriverleapedupandcamerushingupontheminavast,roaringflood,almostperpendicularlikeawallofrock。AtfirsttheIndianswerestrickendumb,andmotionlesswithterror,butwhentheysawthewaterscoming,theyescapedforlife,thoughthirtyorfortywereovertakenanddrowned。AnothersquawnamedIsabelsaysthatthestubsoftrees,whicharestillplainlyvisibledeepdowninthepellucidwaters,areconsideredbytheoldsuperstitiousIndianstobeevilspirits,thedemonsoftheplace,reachinguptheirarms,andthattheyfearthemgreatly。
(4)(Vol。3,Part2,U。S。GeographicalandGeologicalSurveyoftheRockyMountainregion:ContributionstoNorthAmericanEthnology,1877。)
CaliforniaBigTreesPaiUtes(nearKernRiver,Cal。)
TheCaliforniabigtreesaresacredtotheMonos,whocallthem\"woh—woh—nau,\"awordformedinimitationofthehootoftheowl。Theowlistheguardianspiritandthegodofthebigtrees。Badluckcomestothosewhocutdownthebigtrees,orshootatanowl,orshootinthepresenceoftheowl。
InolddaystheIndianstriedtopersuadethewhitemennottocutdownthebigtrees。Whentheyseethetreescutdowntheycallafterthewhitemen。Theysaytheowlwillbringthemevil。
TheChildrenofCloudPima(Arizona)
WhentheHohokamdweltontheGilaRiverandtilledtheirfarmsaroundthegreattemplewhichwecallCasaGrande,therewasabeautifulyoungwomaninthepueblowhohadtwotwinsons。TheirfatherwasCloud,andhelivedfaraway。
Onedaytheboyscametotheirmother,asshewasweavingmats。\"Whois。
ourfather?\"theyasked。\"Wehavenoonetoruntowhenhereturnsfromthehunt,orfromwar,toshouttohim。\"
Themotheranswered:\"Inthemorning,looktowardthesunriseandyouwillseeawhiteCloudstandingupright。Heisyourfather。\"
\"Canwevisitourfather?\"theyasked。
\"Yes,\"saidtheirmother。Youmayvisithim,butyoumustmakethejourneywithoutstopping。FirstyouwillreachWind,whoisyourfather’seldestbrother。Behindhimyouwillfindyourfather。\"
TheboystravelledfourdaysandcametothehouseofWind。
\"Areyouourfather?\"theyasked。
\"No,IamyourUncle,\"answeredWind。\"Yourfatherlivesinthenexthouse。Goontohim。\"
TheytravelledontoCloud。ButClouddrovethemaway。Hesaid,\"GotoyouruncleWind。Hewilltellyousomething。\"ButWindsentthembacktoCloudagain。Thustheboysweredrivenawayfromeachhousefourtimes。
ThenCloudsaidtothem,\"Provetomeyouaremysons。Ifyouare,youcandowhatIdo。\"
Theyoungerboysentchainlightningacrosstheskywithsharp,cracklingthunder。Theelderboysenttheheatlightningwithitsdistantrumbleofthunder。
\"Youaremychildren,\"saidCloud。\"Youhavepowerlikemine。\"
Butagainhetestedthem。Hetookthemtoahousenearbywhereafloodofrainhaddrownedthepeople。\"IfItheyaremysons,\"hesaid,\"theywillnotbeharmed。\"
ThenCloudsenttherainandthestorm。Thewaterrosehigherandhigher,butthetwoboyswerenotharmed。Thewatercouldnotdrownthem。ThenCloudtookthemtohishomeandtheretheystayedalong,longtime。
Butafteralongtime,theboyswishedtoseetheirmotheragain。ThenCloudmadethemsomebowsandarrowsdifferingfromanytheyhadeverseen,andsentthemtotheirmother。Hetoldthemhewouldwatchoverthemastheytravelledbuttheymustspeaktonoonetheymetontheirway。
Sotheboystravelledtothesettingsun。FirsttheymetRaven。Theyrememberedtheirfather’scommandandturnedasidesoasnottomeethim。ThentheymetRoadrunner,andturnedasidetoavoidhim。NextcameHawkandEagle。
Eaglesaid,\"Let’sscarethoseboys。\"Soheswoopeddownovertheirheadsuntiltheycriedfromfright。
\"Wewerejustteasingyou,\"saidEagle。\"Wewillnotdoyouanyharm。\"
ThenEagleflewon。
NexttheymetCoyote。Theytriedtoavoidhim,butCoyoteranaroundandputhimselfintheirway。Cloudwaswatchingandhesentdownthunderandlightning。Andtheboyssentouttheirmagicthunderandlightningalso,untilCoyotewasfrightenedandranaway。
Nowthishappenedonthemountaintop,andoneboywasstandingoneachsideofthetrail。AfterCoyoteranaway,theywerechangedintomescal—theverylargestmescaleverknown。TheplacewasnearTucson。Thisisthereasonwhymescalgrowsonthemountains,andwhythunderandlightninggofromplacetoplace—becausethechildrendid。Thatiswhyitrainswhenwegathermescal。
TheCloudPeopleSia(NewMexico)
NowalltheCloudPeople,theLightningPeople,theThunderandRainbowPeoplesfollowedtheSiaintotheupperworld。ButallthepeopleofTinia,themiddleworld,didnotleavethelowerworld。OnlyaportionweresentbytheSpidertoworkforthepeopleoftheupperworld。TheCloudPeoplearesomanythat,althoughthedemandsoftheearthpeoplearesogreat,therearealwaysmanypassingaboutoverTiniaforpleasure。TheseCloudPeoplerideonwheels,smallwheelsbeingusedbythelittleCloudchildrenandlargewheelsbytheolderones。(5)
TheCloudPeoplekeepalwaysbehindtheirmasks。Theshapeofthemaskdependsuponthenumberofthepeopleandtheworkbeingdone。TheHenatiarethefloatingwhitecloudsbehindwhichtheCloudPeoplepassforpleasure。TheHeasharecloudsliketheplainsandbehindthesetheCloudPeoplearelaboringtowatertheearth。WaterisbroughtbytheCloudPeople,fromthespringsatthebaseofthemountains,ingourdsandjugsandvasesbythemen,women,andchildren。Theyrisefromthespringsandpassthroughthetrunkofthetreetoitstop,whichreachesTinia。Theypassontothepointtobesprinkled。
ThepriestoftheCloudPeopleisaboveeventhepriestsoftheThunder,Lightning,andRainbowPeoples。TheCloudPeoplehaveceremonials,justlikethoseoftheSia。OnthealtarsoftheSiamaybeseenfiguresarrangedjustastheCloudPeoplesitintheirceremonials。
WhenapriestoftheCloudPeoplewishesassistancefromtheThunderandLightningPeoples,henotifiestheirpriests,butkeepsasupervisionofallthingshimself。
ThentheLightningPeopleshoottheirarrowstomakeitraintheharder。
Thesmallerflashescomefromthebowsofthechildren。TheThunderPeoplehavehumanforms,withwingsofknives,andbyflappingthesewingstheymakeagreatnoise。ThustheyfrightentheCloudandLightningPeopleintoworkingtheharder。
TheRainbowPeoplewerecreatedtoworkinTiniatomakeitmorebeautifulforthepeopleofHa—arts,theearth,tolookupon。Theeldersmakethebeautifulrainbows,butthechildrenassist。TheSiahavenoideaofwhatorhowthesebowsaremade。Theydoknow,however,thatwarheroesalwaystravelupontherainbows。
(5)TheIndianssaytheAmericansalsoridewheels,thereforetheymusthaveknownabouttheCloudPeople。
RainSongSia(NewMexico)
We,theancientones,ascendedfromthemiddleoftheworldbelow,throughthedooroftheentrancetothelowerworld,weholdoursongstotheCloud,Lightning,andThunderPeoplesasweholdourownhearts。
Ourmedicineisprecious。
(AddressingthepeopleofTinia:)
Weentreatyoutosendyourthoughtstoussothatwemaysingyoursongsstraight,sothattheywillpassoverthestraightroadtotheCloudprieststhattheymaycovertheearthwithwater,sothatshemaybearallthatisgoodforus。
LightningPeople,sendyourarrowstothemiddleoftheearth。Heartheecho!Whoisit?ThePeopleoftheSpruceoftheNorth。Allyourpeopleandyourthoughtscometous。Whoisit?PeopleofthewhitefloatingClouds。Yourthoughtscometous。Allyourpeopleandyourthoughtscometous。Whoisit?TheLightningPeople。Yourthoughtscometous。Whoisit?CloudPeopleatthehorizon。Allyourpeopleandyourthoughtscometous。
RainSongWhitefloatingclouds。Clouds,liketheplains,comeandwatertheearth。Sun,embracetheearththatshemaybefruitful。Moon,lionofthenorth,bearofthewest,badgerofthesouth,wolfoftheeast,eagleoftheheavens,shrewoftheearth,elderwarhero,youngerwarhero,warriorsofthesixmountainsoftheworld,intercedewiththeCloudPeopleforusthattheymaywatertheearth。Medicinebowl,cloudbowl,andwatervasegiveusyourhearts,thattheearthmaybewatered。
Imaketheancientroadofmealthatmysongmaypassstraightoverit—
theancientroad。Whiteshellbeadwomanwholiveswherethesungoesdown,motherwhirlwind,fatherSussistinnako,motherYaya,creatorofgoodthoughts,yellowwomanofthenorth,bluewomanofthewest,redwomanofthesouth,whitewomanoftheeast,slightlyyellowwomanofthezenith,anddarkwomanofthenadir,IaskyourintercessionwiththeCloudPeople。
RainSongSia(NewMexico)
Letthewhitefloatingclouds—thecloudsliketheplains—thelightning,thunder,rainbow,andcloudpeoples,watertheearth。Letthepeopleofthewhitefloatingclouds,—thepeopleofthecloudsliketheplains—thelightning,thunder,rainbow,andcloudpeoples—comeandworkforus,andwatertheearth。
TheCornMaidensZuni(NewMexico)
Afterlongagesofwandering,thepreciousSeed—thingsrestedovertheMiddleatZuni,andmenturnedtheirheartstothecherishingoftheircornandtheCornMaidensinsteadofwarringwithstrangemen。
Buttherewascomplaintbythepeopleofthecustomsfollowed。Somesaidthemusicwasnotthatoftheoldentime。Farbetterwasthatwhichofnightstheyoftenheardastheywanderedupanddowntherivertrail。
(6)Wonderfulmusic,asofliquidvoicesincaverns,ortheechoofwomen’slaughterinwater—vases。Andthemusicwastimedwithadeep—toneddrumfromtheMountainofThunder。Othersthoughtthemusicwasthatoftheghostsofancientmen,butitwasfarmorebeautifulthanthemusicwhendancedtheCornMaidens。OtherssaidlightcloudsrolledupwardfromthegrottoinThunderMountainliketothemiststhatleavebehindthemthedew,butlo!evenastheyfadedthebrightgarmentsoftheRainbowwomenmightbeseenfluttering,andthebroideryandpaintingsofthesedancersofthemistweremorebeautifulthanthecostumesoftheCornMaidens。
Thenthepriestsofthepeoplesaid,\"ItmaywellbePaiyatuma,theliquidvoiceshisfluteandtheflutesofhisplayers。\"
Nowwhenthetimeofripeningcornwasnear,thefathersorderedpreparationforthedanceoftheCornMaidens。TheysentthetwoMaster—PriestsoftheBowtothegrottoatThunderMountains,saying。,\"IfyoubeholdPaiyatuma,andhismaidens,perhapstheywillgiveusthehelpoftheircustoms。\"
Thenuptherivertrail,thepriestsheardthesoundofadrumandstrainsofsong。ItwasPaiyatumaandhissevenmaidens,theMaidensoftheHouseofStars,sistersoftheCornMaidens。
TheGodofDawnandMusicliftedhisfluteandtookhisplaceinthelineofdancers。Thedrumsoundeduntilthecavernshookaswiththunder。Theflutessangandsighedasthewindinawoodedcanonwhilestillthestormisdistant。WhitemistsfloatedupfromthewandsoftheMaidens,abovewhichflutteredthebutterfliesofSummer—landaboutthedressoftheRainbowsinthestrangebluelightofthenight。
ThenPaiyatuma,smiling,said,\"Gothewaybefore,tellingthefathersofourcustom,andstraightwaywewillfollow。\"
Soonthesoundofmusicwasheard,comingfromuptheriver,andsoontheFlutePeopleandsingersandmaidensoftheFlutedance。Uprosethefathersandallthewatchingpeople,greetingtheGodofDawnwithoutstretchedhandandofferingofprayermeal。Thenthesingerstooktheirplacesandsoundedtheirdrum,flutes,andsongofclearwaters,whiletheMaidensoftheDewdancedtheirFlutedance。Greatlymarvelledthepeople,whenfromthewandstheyboreforthcamewhiteclouds,andfinecoolmistsdescended。
NowwhenthedancewasendedandtheDewMaidenshadretired,outcamethebeautifulMothersofCorn。Andwhentheplayersoftheflutessawthem,theywereenamouredoftheirbeautyandgazeduponthemsointentlythattheMaidensletfalltheirhairandcastdowntheireyes。
Andjealousandboldergrewthemortalyouths,andinthemorningdawn,inrivalry,thedancerssoughtalltoofreelythepresenceoftheCornMaidens,nolongerholdingthemsopreciousasintheoldentime。Andthematrons,intentonthenewdance,heedednaughtelse。Butbehold!
Themistsincreasedgreatly,surroundingdancersandwatchersalike,untilwithinthem,theMaidensofCorn,allinwhitegarments,becameinvisible。Thensadlyandnoiselesslytheystoleinamongstthepeopleandlaidtheircornwandsdownamongstthetrays,andlaidtheirwhitebroideredgarmentsthereupon,asmotherslaysoftkiltingovertheirbabes。Thenevenasthemistsbecamethey,andwiththemistsdrifting,fledaway,tothefarsouthSummer—land。
(6)Themistsandthedawnbreezeontheriverandinthegrotto。
TheSearchfortheCornMaidensZuni(NewMexico)
ThenthepeopleintheirtroublecalledthetwoMaster—Priestsandsaid:
\"Who,now,thinkye,shouldjourneytoseekourpreciousMaidens?
Bethinkye!WhoamongsttheBeingsisevenasyeare,strongofwillandgoodofeyes?Thereisourgreatelderbrotherandfather,Eagle,heofthefloatingdownandoftheterracedtail—fan。Surelyheisenduringofwillandsurpassingofsight。\"
\"Yea。Mostsurely,\"saidthefathers。\"Goyeforthandbeseechhim。\"
ThenthetwospednorthtoTwinMountain,whereinagrottohighupamongthecrags,withhismateandhisyoung,dwelttheEagleoftheWhiteBonnet。
Theyclimbedthemountain,butbehold!Onlytheeagletswerethere。Theyscreamedlustilyandtriedtohidethemselvesinthedarkrecesses。
\"Pullnotourfeathers,yeofhurtfultouch,butwait。Whenweareolderwewilldropthemforyouevenfromtheclouds。\"
\"Hush,\"saidthewarriors。\"Waitinpeace。Weseeknotyebutthyfather。\"
Thenfromafar,withafrown,cameoldEagle。\"Whydisturbyemyfeatherlings?\"hecried。
\"Behold!Fatherandelderbrother,wecomeseekingonlythelightofthyfavor。Listen!\"
ThentheytoldhimofthelostMaidensoftheCorn,andbeggedhimtosearchforthem。
\"Beitwellwiththywishes,\"saidEagle。\"Goyebeforecontentedly。\"
Sothewarriorsreturnedtothecouncil。ButEaglewingedhiswayhighintothesky。High,high,herose,untilhecircledamongtheclouds,small—seemingandswift,likeseed—downinawhirlwind。Throughalltheheights,tothenorth,tothewest,tothesouth,andtotheeast,hecircledandsailed。YetnowheresawhetraceoftheCornMaidens。Thenheflewlower,returning。Beforethewarriorswererested,peopleheardtheroarofhiswings。Ashealighted,thefatherssaid,\"Enterthouandsit,ohbrother,andsaytouswhatthouhasttosay。\"Andtheyofferedhimthecigaretteofthespacerelations。
Whentheyhadpuffedthesmoketowardthefourpointsofthecompass,andEaglehadpurifiedhisbreathwithsmoke,andhadblownsmokeoversacredthings,hespoke。
\"FarhaveIjourneyed,scanningalltheregions。Neitherbluebirdnorwoodratcanhidefrommyseeing,\"hesaid,snappinghisbeak。\"Neitherofthem,unlesstheyhideunderbushes。YetIhavefailedtoseeanythingoftheMaidensyeseekfor。Sendformyyoungerbrother,theFalcon。Strongofflightishe,yetnotsostrongasI,andnearerthegroundhetakeshiswayeresunrise。\"
ThentheEaglespreadhiswingsandflewawaytoTwinMountain。TheWarrior—PriestsoftheBowspedagainfleetlyovertheplaintothewestwardforhisyoungerbrother,Falcon。
Sittingonananthill,sothewarriorsfoundFalcon。Hepausedastheyapproached,crying,\"Ifyehavesnarestrings,Iwillbeoffliketheflightofanarrowwellplumedofourfeathers!\"
\"No,\"saidthepriests。\"Thyelderbrotherhathbiddenusseekthee。\"
ThentheytoldFalconwhathadhappened,andhowEaglehadfailedtofindtheCornMaidens,sowhiteandbeautiful。
\"Failed!\"saidFalcon。\"Ofcoursehefailed。Heclimbsalofttothecloudsandthinkshecanseeundereverybushandintoeveryshadow,asseestheSunfatherwhoseesnotwitheyes。Goyebefore。\"
BeforetheWarrior—Priestshadturnedtowardthetown,theFalconhadspreadhissharpwingsandwasskimmingoffoverthetopsofthetreesandbushesasthoughverilyseekingforfieldmiceorbirds’nests。AndtheWarriorsreturnedtotellthefathersandtoawaithiscoming。
ButafterFalconhadsearchedovertheworld,tothenorthandwest,totheeastandsouth,hetooreturnedandwasreceivedashadbeenEagle。
Hesettledontheedgeofatraybeforethealtar,asontheanthillhesettlestoday。Whenhehadsmokedandhadbeensmoked,ashadbeenEagle,hetoldthesorrowingfathersandmothersthathehadlookedbehindeverycopseandcliffshadow,butoftheMaidenshehadfoundnotrace。
\"Theyarehiddenmorecloselythaneversparrowhid,\"hesaid。Thenhe,too,flewawaytohishillsinthewest。
\"OurbeautifulMaidenMothers,\"criedthematrons。\"Lost,lostasthedeadarethey!\"
\"Yes,\"saidtheothers。\"Wherenowshallweseekthem?Thefar—seeingEagleandtheclose—searchingFalconalikehavefailedtofindthem。\"
\"Staynowyourfeetwithpatience,\"saidthefathers。SomeofthemhadheardRaven,whosoughtfoodintherefuseanddirtattheedgeoftown,atdaybreak。
\"Looknow,\"theysaid。\"ThereisHeavy—nose,whosebeakneverfailstofindthesubstanceofseeditself,howeverlittleorwellhiddenitbe。
HesurelymustknowoftheCornMaidens。Letuscallhim。\"
Sothewarriorswenttotheriverside。WhentheyfoundRaven,theyraisedtheirhands,allweaponless。
\"Wecarrynoprickingquills,\"theycalled。\"Blackbandedfather,weseekyouraid。Looknow!TheMother—maidensofSeedwhosesubstanceisthefoodalikeofthypeopleandourpeople,havefledaway。NeitherourgrandfathertheEagle,norhisyoungerbrothertheFalcon,cantracethem。Webegyoutoaidusorcounselus。\"
\"Ka!ka!\"criedtheRaven。\"ToohungryamItogoabroadfastingonbusinessforye。Yearestingy!HerehaveIbeensinceperchingtime,tryingtofindathroatful,butyepickthybonesandlickthybowlstoocleanforthat,besure。\"
\"Comein,then,poorgrandfather。Wewillgivetheefoodtocat。Yea,andacigarettetosmoke,withalltheceremony。\"
\"Sayyeso?\"saidtheRaven。Heruffledhiscollarandopenedhismouthsowidewithalustykaw—la—ka—thathemightwellhaveswallowedhisownhead。\"Goyebefore,\"hesaid,andfollowedthemintothecourtofthedancers。
Hewasnotilltolookupon。Uponhisshoulderswerebandsofwhitecotton,andhisbackwasblue,gleaminglikethehairofamaidendancerinthesunlight。TheMaster—PriestgreetedRaven,biddinghimsitandsmoke。
\"Ha!Thereiscorninthis,elsewhythestalkofit?\"saidtheRaven,whenhetookthecanecigaretteofthefarspacesandnoticedthejointofit。ThenhedidashehadseentheMaster—Priestdo,onlymoregreedily。Hesuckedinsuchathroatfulofthesmoke,fireandall,thatitalmoststrangledhim。Hecoughedandgrewgiddy,andthesmokeallhotandstingingwentthrougheverypartofhim。Itfilledallhisfeathers,makingevenhisbrowneyesbluerandblacker,inrings。Itisnottobewonderedat,thebluenessofflesh,blacknessofdress,andskinniness,yes,andtearfulnessofeyewhichweseeintheRavento—day。Andtheyareallasgreedyofcornfoodasever,forbehold!NosoonerhadtheoldRavenrecoveredthanheespiedoneoftheearsofcornhalfhiddenunderthemantle—coversofthetrays。Heleapedfromhisplacelaughing。Theyalwayslaughwhentheyfindanything,theseravens。Thenhecaughtuptheearofcornandmadeoffwithitovertheheadsofthepeopleandthetopsofthehouses,crying。
\"Ha!ha!InthiswiseandinnootherwillyefindthySeedMaidens。\"
Butafterawhilehecameback,saying,\"AsharpeyehaveIforthefleshoftheMaidens。Butwhomightseetheirbreathing—beings,yedolts,exceptbythehelpoftheFatherofDawn—Misthimself,whosebreathmakesbreathofothersseemasitself。\"Thenheflewawaycawing。
Thentheelderssaidtoeachother,\"Itisourfault,sohowdareweprevailonourfatherPaiyatumatoaidus?Hewarnedusofthisintheoldtime。\"
Suddenly,forthesunwasrising,theyheardPaiyatumainhisdaylightmoodandtransformation。Thoughtlessandloud,uncouthinspeech,hewalkedalongtheoutskirtsofthevillage。Hejokedfearlesslyevenoffearfulthings,forallhiswordsanddeedswerethereverseofhissacredbeing。Hesatdownonaheapofvilerefuse,sayinghewouldhaveafeast。
\"Mypoorlittlechildren,\"hesaid。Buthespoketoagedpriestsandwhite—hairedmatrons。
\"Good—nighttoyouall,\"hesaid,thoughitwasinfulldawning。Soheperplexedthemwithhisspeeches。
\"Webeseechthyfavor,ohfather,andthyaid,infindingourbeautifulMaidens。\"Sothepriestsmourned。
\"Oh,thatisall,isit?Butwhyfindthatwhichisnotlost,orsummonthosewhowillnotcome?\"
Thenhereproachedthemfornotpreparingthesacredplumes,andpickeduptheveryplumeshehadsaidwerenotthere。
ThenthewisePekwinna,theSpeakeroftheSun,tooktwoplumesandthebandedwing—tipsoftheturkey,andapproachingPaiyatumastrokedhimwiththetipsofthefeathersandthenlaidthefeathersuponhislips……
ThenPaiyatumabecameagedandgrandandstraight,asisatalltreeshornbylightning。Hesaidtothefather:
\"Thouarewiseofthoughtandgoodofheart。ThereforeIwillsummonfromSummer—landthebeautifulMaidensthatyemaylookuponthemoncemoreandmakeofferingofplumesinsacrificeforthem,buttheyarelostasdwellersamongstye。\"
Thenhetoldthemofthesonglinesandthesacredspeechesandoftheofferingofthesacredplumewands,andthenturnedhimaboutandspedawaysofleetlythatnonesawhim。
BeyondthefirstvalleyofthehighplaintothesouthwardPaiyatumaplantedthefourplumewands。Firstheplantedtheyellow,bendingoveritandwatchingit。Whenitceasedtoflutter,thesoftdownonitleanednorthwardbutmovednot。Thenhesetthebluewandandwatchedit;thenthewhitewand。Theeagledownonthemleanedtorightandleftandstillnorthward,yetmovednot。Thenfartheronheplantedtheredwand,andbendinglow,withoutbreathing,watcheditclosely。Thesoftdownplumesbegantowaveasthoughblownbythebreathofsomesmallcreature。Backwardandforward,northwardandsouthwardtheyswayed,asifintimetothebreathofoneresting。
\"’TisthebreathofmyMaidensinSummer—land,fortheplumesofthesouthlandswaysofttotheirgentlebreathing。Soshalliteverbe。WhenIsetthedownofmymistsontheplainsandscattermybrightbeadsinthenorthland(7),summershallgothitherfromafar,borneonthebreathoftheSeedMaidens。Wheretheybreathe,warmth,showers,andfertilityshallfollowwiththebirdsofSummer—land,andthebutterflies,northwardovertheworld。\"
ThenPaiyatumaaroseandspedbythemagicofhisknowledgeintothecountriesofSummer—land,—fledswiftlyandsilentlyasthesoftbreathhesoughtfor,bearinghispaintedflutebeforehim。Andwhenhepausedtorest,heplayedonhispaintedfluteandthebutterfliesandbirdssoughthim。SohesentthemtoseektheMaidens,followingswiftly,andlongbeforehefoundthemhegreetedthemwiththemusicofhissongsound,evenasthePeopleoftheSeednowgreettheminthesongofthedancers。
WhentheMaidensheardhismusicandsawhistallformintheirgreatfieldsofcorn,theypluckedears,eachofherownkind,andwiththemfilledtheircoloredtraysandoverallspreadembroideredmantles,—embroideredinallthebrightcolorsandwiththecreature—songsofSummer—land。Sotheysalliedforthtomeethimandwelcomehim。Thenhegreetedthem,eachwiththetouchofhishandsandthebreathofhisflute,andbadethemfollowhimtothenorthlandhomeoftheirdesertedchildren。
Sobythemagicoftheirknowledgetheyspedbackasthestarsspeedovertheworldatnighttime,towardthehomeofourancients。Onlyatnightanddawntheyjourneyed,asthedeaddo,andthestarsalso。SotheycameateveninginthefullofthelastmoontothePlaceoftheMiddle,bearingtheirtraysofseed。
GloriouswasPaiyatuma,ashewalkedintothecourtsofthedancersintheduskoftheeveningandstoodwithfoldedarmsatthefootofthebow—fringedladderofpriestlycouncil,heandhisfollowerShutsukya。
Hewastallandbeautifulandbandedwithhisownmists,andcarriedthebandedwingsoftheturkeyswithwhichhehadwingedhisflightfromafar,leadingtheMaidens,andfollowedasbyhisownshadowbytheblackbeingofthecorn—soot,Shutsukya,whocrieswiththevoiceofthefrostwindwhenthecornhasgrownagedandtheharvestistakenaway。
AndsurpassinglybeautifulweretheMaidensclothedinthewhitecottonandembroideredgarmentsofSummer—land。
Thenafterlongprayingandchantingbythepriests,thefathersofthepeople,andthoseoftheSeedandWater,andthekeepersofsacredthings,theMaiden—motheroftheNorthadvancedtothefootoftheladder。SheliftedfromherheadthebeautifultrayofyellowcornandPaiyatamatookit。Hepointedittotheregions,eachinturn,andthePriestoftheNorthcameandreceivedthetrayofsacredseed。
ThentheMaidenoftheWestadvancedandgaveuphertrayofbluecorn。
SoeachinturntheMaidensgaveuptheirtraysofpreciousseed。TheMaidenoftheSouth,theredseed;theMaidenoftheEast,thewhiteseed;thentheMaidenwiththeblackseed,andlastly,thetrayofall—colorseedwhichthePriestessofSeed—and—Allherselfreceived。
Andnow,behold!TheMaidensstoodasbefore,sheoftheNorthatthenorthernend,butwithherfacesouthwardfarlooking;sheoftheWest,next,andlo!soallofthem,withtheseventhandlast,lookingsouthward。Andstandingthus,thedarknessofthenightfellaroundthem。Asshadowsindeepnight,sotheseMaidensoftheSeedofCorn,thebelovedandbeautiful,wereseennomoreofmen。AndPaiyatumastoodalone,forShutsukyawalkednowbehindtheMaidens,whistlingshrilly,asthefrostwindwhistleswhenthecornisgatheredaway,amongthelonecanesanddryleavesofagleanedfield。
(7)Dewdrops。
HasjeltiandHostjoghonNavajo(NewMexico)
Hasjeltiwasthesonofthewhitecorn,andHostjoghonthesonoftheyellowcorn。Theywerebornonthemountainswherethefogsmeet。Thesetwobecamethegreatsong—makersoftheworld。
Tothemountainwheretheywereborn(HenryMountain,Utah),theygavetwosongsandtwoprayers。ThentheywenttoSierraBlanca(Colorado)
andmadetwosongsandprayersanddressedthemountaininclothingofwhiteshellwithtwoeagleplumesuponitshead。TheyvisitedSanMateoMountain(NewMexico)andgavetoittwosongsandprayers,anddresseditinturquoise,eventoleggingsandmoccasins,andplacedtwoeagleplumesuponitshead。ThentheywenttoSanFranciscoMountain(Arizona)
andmadetwosongsandprayersanddressedthatmountaininabaloneshellswithtwoeagleplumesuponitshead。TheythenvisitedUteMountainandgavetoittwosongsandprayersanddresseditinblackbeads。Thentheyreturnedtotheirownmountainwherethefogsmeetandsaid,\"Wetwohavemadeallthesesongs。\"
Otherbrotherswerebornofthewhitecornandyellowcorn,andtwobrotherswereplacedoneachmountain。Theyarethespiritsofthemountainsandtothemthecloudscomefirst。Allthebrotherstogethermadegame,thedeerandelkandbuffalo,andsogamewascreated。
NavajosprayforrainandsnowtoHasjeltiandHostjoghon。Theystanduponthemountaintopsandcallthecloudstogatheraroundthem。
Hasjeltipraystothesun,fortheNavajos。
\"Father,givemethelightofyourmindthatmymindmaybestrong。Givemeyourstrength,thatmyarmmaybestrong。Givemeyourrays,thatcornandothervegetationmaygrow。\"
ThemostimportantprayersareaddressedtoHasjeltiandthemostvaluablegiftsmadetohim。HetalkstotheNavajosthroughthebirds,andforthisreasonthechoicestfeathersandplumesareplacedinthecigarettesandattachedtotheprayersticksofferedtohim。
TheSong—HunterNavajo(NewMexico)
Amansatthinking。\"Letmesee。Mysongsaretooshort。Iwantmoresongs。WhereshallIgotofindthem?\"
Hasjeltiappearedandperceivinghisthoughts,said,\"Iknowwhereyoucangetmoresongs。\"
\"Well,Iwanttogetmore。SoIwillfollowyou。\"
TheywenttoacertainpointinaboxcanonintheBigColoradoRiverandheretheyfoundfourgods,theHostjobokon,atwork,hewingcottonwoodlogs。
Hasjeltisaid,\"Thiswillnotdo。Cottonwoodbecomeswater—soaked。Youmustusepineinsteadofcottonwood。\"
TheHostjobokonbeganboringthepinewithflint,butHasjeltisaid,\"Thatisslowwork。\"Hecommandedawhirlwindtohollowthelog。A
cross,joiningattheexactmiddleofeachlog,asolidoneandthehollowone,wasformed。Thearmsofthecrosswereequal。
Thesong—hunterenteredthehollowlogandHasjelticlosedtheendwithacloudsothatwaterwouldnotenterwhenthelogswerelauncheduponthegreatwaters。Thelogsfloatedoff。TheHostjobokon,accompaniedbytheirwives,rodeuponthelogs,onecouplesittinguponeacharm。
Hasjelti,Hostjoghon,andthetwoNaaskiddiwalkeduponthebankstokeepthelogsoffshore。Hasjelticarriedasquirrelskinfilledwithtobacco,withwhichtosupplythegodsontheirjourney。Hostjoghoncarriedastaffornamentedwitheagleandturkeyplumesandagamingringwithtwohummingbirdstiedtoitwithwhitecottoncord。ThetwoNaaskiddicarriedstaffsoflightning。TheNaaskiddihadcloudsupontheirbacksinwhichtheseedsofallcornandgrasseswerecarried。
Afterfloatingalongdistancedowntheriver,theycametowatersthathadashoreononesideonly。Heretheylanded。Heretheyfoundapeoplelikethemselves。WhenthesepeoplelearnedoftheSong—hunter,theygavehimmanysongsandtheypaintedpicturesonacottonblanketandsaid,\"Thesepicturesmustgowiththesongs。Ifwegivethisblankettoyou,youwillloseit。Wewillgiveyouwhiteearthandblackcoalswhichyouwillgrindtogethertomakeblackpaint,andwewillgiveyouwhitesand,yellowsand,andredsand。Forthebluepaintyouwilltakewhitesandandblackcoalswithaverylittleredandyellowsand。Thesewillgiveyoublue。\"
AndsotheNavajopeoplemakeblue,eventothisday。