AbouSaoodorderedhispeopletobringanumberofstraw-roofsfromhisstation,toformaprotectionfortheofficers。Themenquicklyhousedthemselvesintemporaryhuts,andthecattlewereplacedforthenightinaregularamphitheatreofrock,whichformedanexcellentposition。
On8thMarch,Ireviewedthetroops,andhavinggiventhenativeswarningofmyintention,Ihadasham-fightandattackoftheFatikomountain。Havingfiredseveralrocketsatasupposedenemy,thetroopsadvancedintwocompaniestothenorthandsouthextremitiesofthemountain,whichtheyscaledwithgreatactivity,andjoinedtheirforcesonthecleanplateauofgraniteonthesummitoftheridge。Theeffectwasverygood,andappearedtodelightthenatives,whohadassembledinconsiderablenumbers。Afterfiringseveralvolleys,thetroopsdescendedthehill,andmarchedback,withthebandplaying。
Themusicofourbandbeingproducedsimplybyaconsiderablenumberofbugles,drums,andcymbals,aidedbyalargemilitarybass-drum,mightnothavebeenthoughtfirst-rateinEurope,butinAfricaitwasirresistible。
Thenativesarepassionatelyfondofmusic;andIbelievethesafestwaytotravelinthosewildcountrieswouldbetoplaythecornet,ifpossiblewithoutceasing,whichwouldinsureasafepassage。ALondonorgan-grinderwouldmarchthroughCentralAfricafollowedbyanadmiringandenthusiasticcrowd,who,ifhistuneswerelively,wouldformadancingescortofthemostuntiringmaterial。
Asmytroopsreturnedtotheirquarters,withthebandplayingrathercheerfulairs,weobservedthewomenracingdownfromtheirvillages,andgatheringfromalldirectionstowardsthecommoncentre。Astheyapproachednearer,thecharmsofmusicwereoverpowering,and,haltingforaninstant,theyassumedwhattheyconsideredthemostgracefulattitudes,andthendanceduptotheband。
Inashorttimemybuglerscouldhardlyblowtheirinstrumentsforlaughing,attheextraordinaryeffectoftheirperformance。Afantasticcrowdsurroundedthemastheyhaltedinourpositionamongtherocks;
andeveryminuteaddedtotheirnumber。
ThewomenthroughouttheShooliareentirelynaked,thustheeffectofafemalecrowd,boundingmadlyaboutasmusicalenthusiasts,wasveryextraordinary。Eventhebabieswerebroughtouttodance,andtheseinfants,strappedtotheirmothers’backs,andcoveredwithpumpkinshells,likeyoungtortoises,werejoltedaboutwithouttheslightestconsiderationfortheweaknessoftheirnecks,bytheirinfatuatedmothers。
Asusual,amongalltribesinCentralAfrica,theoldwomenwereevenmoredetermineddancersthantheyounggirls。SeveraloldVenusesweremakingthemselvesextremelyridiculous,astheysometimesdoincivilizedcountrieswhenattemptingtheallurementsofyoungerdays。
Themendidnotshareinthedance,butsquattedupontherocksingreatnumberstoadmirethemusic,andtowitnesstheeffortsoftheirwivesanddaughters。
ThemenofShooliandFatikoarethebestproportionedthatIhaveseen;
withouttheextremeheightoftheShillooksorDinkas,theyaremuscularandwellknit,andgenerallytheirfacesarehandsome。
Thewomenwereinclinedtoashortstature,butwereverystrongandcompact。Itwassingular,thatthroughoutthegreatShoolicountry,ofwhichFatikoissimplyadistrict,whilethewomenareperfectlynaked,themenarepartiallyclothedwiththeskinofanantelope,slungacrosstheshoulders,andcoveringthelowerpartofthebodylifeascarf。InothercountriesthatIhadpassed,themenwerequitenaked,whilethewomenweremoreorlesscovered。
Afterthedance,Iwasvisitedbyseveralnativeswhohadknownmeinformeryears,amongwhomwasmyoldguide,Gimoro,whohadfirstledmetoUnyoro。AnotherexcellentmannamedShoelinowgavemealltheintelligenceofthecountry。BoththesemenspokeArabic。
Itwasarepetitionoftheoldstory。Thecountrywashalf-ruinedbytheactsofAbouSaood’speople。Thenativeswereafraidtoresisttheminthisneighbourhood,aseveryadjacentcountryhadbeenplundered,andthewomenandchildrencarriedoff。AbouSaoodhadnotexpectedthatI
couldleaveGondokoro;buthehadtoldtheShoolinativestoattackmeifIshouldarrive;thusonthedayofmyappearance,thenatives,beingignorantofmypresence,hadconsideredthedreadedPachamustbeanenemy,untiltheyhadrecognizedmywifeandmyselfastheiroldfriends。
Uponthatday,whenIhadobservedthenativesrunningtoandfrowithspearsandshields,AbouSaoodhadtoldthemtoresistmeatonce,andhehadpromisedthathispeopleshouldassisttheFatikos;butwhenthenativessawourpowerfulforce,theyhadknownthatanattackwouldbeuseless;theyhadaccordinglysentmentodiscoverourintentions,andthesemessengershadreportedmyreturntotheircountryinthecapacityofPachacommandingtheexpedition。
Myoldfriendsnowassuredme,inreplytomyexplanationoftheKhedive’sintentions,thatthewholecountrywouldrallyaroundagoodgovernment,andallthatthepoorpeopledesiredwasprotectionandjustice。Thefactofmyreturnwouldgiveconfidencethroughoutthecountry;andthenewshadalreadybeencarriedtothegreatsheik,RotJarma,whohadnevervisitedAbouSaoodorhispeople,butwhowouldquicklytenderhisallegiancetomeastherepresentativeoftheKhedive。
ItoldGimoroandShoolitoinformtheheadmen,andthepeoplegenerallythroughoutthecountry,ofmypacificintentions,andtohavenofearnowthatthegovernmentwasrepresented,asitwouldbeimpossiblethattheatrocitiescommittedbytheslave-huntersofAbouSaoodshouldrecur。AtthesametimeIexplained,thatinabouttwentydaysthecontractenteredintobetweenAgadandCo。withtheSoudangovernmentwouldexpire,andAbouSaoodwouldbecompelledtowithdrawallhispeoplefromthecountry,whichwouldthenremainsolelyinthehandsoftheKhedive。
Throughoutthesubsequentexpedition,Icouldalwaysrelyuponthefidelityofthesetwomen,GimoroandShooli。
Aftertheirdeparturetospreadthegoodnewsfarandwide,Ihadalongconversationwithmyoldservant,Mohammed,whoIknewwouldgivemeeveryinformationrespectingtheactsofAbouSaoodandhispeople,ashehadbeenamongtheminthesepartsformanyyears。
HetoldmethatmyarrivalatFatikowassupposedtobeimprobable,astheGondokoronativeswereknowntobehostiletothegovernment;
thereforeitwouldbeimpossibletotransportthebaggage。AlthoughtheBariswereatwarwiththegovernment,AbouSaoodhadaboutseventyofthesenativesatFatiko,armedwithmuskets,inhisemploy;thushewasopenlyinleaguewiththeenemiesoftheKhedive’sgovernment。
ThereportamongtheslavecompaniesassertedthatAbouSaoodhadbeeninleaguewithRaoulBeytofrustratetheexpedition;thustheconspiracyoftheofficersheadedbyRaoufBey,whichIhadcheckmated,wasthegrandmovetoeffectacollapseoftheexpedition,andtoleaveaclearfieldfortheslave-traders。”Uptothepresenttime,myarrangementshavebeenabletooverpowerallopposition。”
ThesuccessofthecorncollectionatthemomentoftheconspiracywasfataltothemachinationsofRaoufBey,andsecuredmetheconfidenceofthetroops。”ThesuccessofeveryattackthatIhavepersonallycommandedhasclinchedthisconfidence。”Thetrader’speoplearediscontentedwiththeirleaders;theyarewithoutclothesorwages。”Theirpartieshavebeenmassacredinseveraldirectionsbythenatives。
Nearly500loadsofivoryhavebeenburned,togetherwithoneoftheirstations,byanightattackoftheMadi,inwhichtheslave-hunterslostthirty-fivekilled,andtherestofthepartyonlyescapedinthedarkness,andfledtotheforests。”ThusIcomeuponthematamomentwhentheyaredividedintheirfeelings。Adreadofthegovernmentismingledwithconfidenceinthearrivalofastrongmilitaryforce,whichwouldbeauxiliaryintheeventofageneraluprisingofthecountry。”
Ifoundseveralofmyoldmenengagedasslave-hunters。Thesepeople,whohadbehavedwellonmyformervoyage,confidedallthenews,andwerewillingtoservethegovernment。Kamrasi,theformerkingofUnyoro,wasdead,andhadbeensucceededbyhisson,KabbaRega。
SomefewofthepeopleofAbouSaoodhadbeenonavisittothekingM’teseatUganda。ThispowerfulrulerhadbeenmuchimprovedbyhispersonalcommunicationwiththetradersofZanzibar。HehadbecomeaMohammedan,andhadbuiltamosque。EvenhisviziersaidhisdailyprayerslikeagoodMussulman,andM’tesenolongermurderedhiswives。
Ifhecutthethroatofeithermanorbeast,itwasnowdoneinthenameofGod,andthekinghadbecomequitecivilized,accordingtothereportoftheArabenvoys。Hekeptclerkswhocouldcorrespond,byletters,inArabic,andhehadaregimentarmedwithathousandguns,inadditiontothenumerousforcesathiscommand。
TheArabenvoysofAbouSaoodhadbeentreatedlikedogsbythegreatM’tese,andtheyhadslunkbackabashed,andwereonlygladtobeallowedtodepart。Theydeclaredthatsuchacountrywouldnotsuittheirbusiness:thepeopleweretoostrongforthem;andthetradersfromZanzibarpurchasedtheirivoryfromM’tesewithcottonstuffs,silks,guns,andpowder,brass-coilbracelets,beads,&c。Thebeadswereexchangedbyequalweightforivory。”EvenatFatikothebrass-coilbraceletsfromZanzibararenowcommon。
SomeofAbouSaood’speopleareactuallydressedinManchestermanufacturesthathavearrivedviaZanzibaratUnyoro。ThisisaterribledisgracetotheSoudanauthorities;thustheZanzibartradersarepurchasingbylegitimatedealingivorythatshould,geographicallyspeaking,belongtoCairo。”Whilefairdealingistherulesouthoftheequator,piracyandruinaretheruleofthenorth。”AbouSaoodandhispeoplearenowinadilemma。Formanyyearstheyhavepillagedthecountry,andafterhavingtaughtthenativestoregardcowsastheonlymediumofexchangeforivory,theyhaveatlengthexhaustedthecattle。Thusthetransportoftheirlargestockofivoryhasforatimebecomeimpossible,assufficientcowscannotbecollectedforthepurpose。”EveryloadfromFatikotoIsmailiaGondokororequirestwocows;onetoLobore,andanotherthencetothejourney’send。”BytheNiletraders’arrangements,thecompaniesofAbouSaoodreceiveastheirperquisiteone-thirdofallthecattlethatmaybestoleninsuccessfulrazzias。”Theconsumptionofcattlebythesebrigandsisenormous。Allflourispurchasedinexchangeforflesh,whilefleshisalsonecessaryforfood;
thusthecowisbeingeatenatbothends。”Thefrightfuldrainuponthecountrymaybeimaginedbythefollowingcalculation,whichiscertainlybelowthetruth:——”If1,000loadsofivorymustbecarriedtoIsmailia,2,000cowsarerequiredaspaymentofcarriers;
Tocaptureinarazzia3,000cows,1000belongtothebrigandsastheirperquisite;
300arenecessarytofeedthenativecarriersandsoldiers_____duringthejourney;
3,300cowsarerequiredtodeliver1,000loadsofivoryadistanceof165miles,fromFatikotoIsmailiaGondokoro。
Astationof350menconsumesdaily……700lbs。
Inaddition,theyrequiretoexchangeforflour……350lbs。
Dailyconsumptionofflesh……1,050lbs。”Theoxenofthecountrydonotaveragemorethan170lbs。cleaned。
2,255beastsarethusrequiredannually——
5,555oxenarenecessarytofeedandpayforthetransportfromastationonly350strong;accordingtothecustomsofWhiteNilebrigandage。”Itmustberememberedthatatleastathousand,andsometimesdoublethatnumberofslaves,areprisonersineachstation。Allthesemustbefed。Thesameprincipleisadoptedintheexchangeoffleshforflour;
thustheexpenditureofcattleisfrightful。Notonlyoxen,butallthebreedingcowsandyoungcalvesarekilledwithouttheslightestreflection。Nocountrycansupportsuchwilfulwaste;thusaftermanyyearsofravage,thisbeautifulprovincehasbecomealmostbarrenofcattle。Thecentraldistrictsoccupiedbytheslave-tradershavingbeendenudedofcattle,ithasbecomenecessarytomakejourneystodistantcountries。”
Theslave-huntersofAbouSaoodhadrecentlysufferedaterribledefeat,atthehandsofthewarliketribeofUmiro,whichwasajustrewardforthehorribletreacheryoftheirparty。
AmannamedAliHusseinwasawell-knownemployeeofAbouSaood。ThisruffianwasanArab。Hewasatall,wiryfellow,withadeterminedbutbrutalcastofcountenance,whowascelebratedasascoundrelamongscoundrels。Evenhisfellowsdreadedhisbrutality。Therewasnocrimethathehadnotcommitted;andashisonlyvirtuewasextremedaring,hisreputationwasterribleamongthenativepopulation。