Astotheinitiationofprivatesuits，letthemannerofdecidingcausesbetweenallcitizensbethesameasincasesinwhichanyfreemanisdisobedienttothestateinminormatters，ofwhichthepenaltyisnotstripes，imprisonment，ordeath。Butasregardsattendanceatchorusesorprocessionsorothershows，andasregardspublicservices，whetherthecelebrationofsacrificeinpeace，orthepaymentofcontributionsinwar-inallthesecases，firstcomesthenecessityofprovidingremedyfortheloss；andbythosewhowillnotobey，thereshallbesecuritygiventotheofficerswhomthecityandthelawempowertoexactthesumdue；andiftheyforfeittheirsecurity，letthegoodswhichtheyhavepledgedbe，andthemoneygiventothecity；butiftheyoughttopayalargersum，theseveralmagistratesshallimposeuponthedisobedientasuitablepenalty，andbringthembeforethecourt，untiltheyarewillingtodowhattheyareordered。

　　Nowastatewhichmakesmoneyfromthecultivationofthesoilonly，andhasnoforeigntrade，mustconsiderwhatitwilldoabouttheemigrationofitsownpeopletoothercountries，andthereceptionofstrangersfromelsewhere。Aboutthesemattersthelegislatorhastoconsider，andhewillbeginbytryingtopersuademenasfarashecan。Theintercourseofcitieswithoneanotherisapttocreateaconfusionofmanners；strangers，arealwayssuggestingnoveltiestostrangers。Whenstatesarewellgovernedbygoodlawsthemixturecausesthegreatestpossibleinjury；butseeingthatmostcitiesarethereverseofwell-ordered，theconfusionwhicharisesinthemfromthereceptionofstrangers，andfromthecitizensthemselvesrushingoffintoothercities，whenanyoneeitheryoungorolddesirestotravelanywhereabroadatwhatevertime，isofnoconsequence。Ontheotherhand，therefusalofstatestoreceiveothers，andfortheirowncitizensnevertogotootherplaces，isanutterimpossibility，andtotherestoftheworldislikelytoappearruthlessanduncivilized；itisapractiseadoptedbypeoplewhouseharshwords，suchasxenelasiaorbanishmentofstrangers，andwhohaveharshandmoroseways，asmenthink。Andtobethoughtornottobethoughtwellofbytherestoftheworldisnolightmatter；forthemanyarenotsofarwrongintheirjudgmentofwhoarebadandwhoaregood，astheyareremovedfromthenatureofvirtueinthemselves。Evenbadmenhaveadivineinstinctwhichguessesrightly，andverymanywhoareutterlydepravedformcorrectnotionsandjudgmentsofthedifferencesbetweenthegoodandbad。Andthegeneralityofcitiesarequiterightinexhortingustovalueagoodreputationintheworld，forthereisnotruthgreaterandmoreimportantthanthis-thathewhoisreallygoodIamspeakingofthemanwhowouldbeperfectseeksforreputationwith，butnotwithout，therealityofgoodness。AndourCretancolonyoughtalsotoacquirethefairestandnoblestreputationforvirtuefromothermen；andthereiseveryreasontoexpectthat，iftherealityanswerstotheidea，shewillbeforeofthefewwell-orderedcitieswhichthesunandtheotherGodsbehold。

　　Wherefore，inthematterofjourneystoothercountriesandthereceptionofstrangers，weenactasfollows：-Inthefirstplace，letnoonebeallowedtogoanywhereatallintoaforeigncountrywhoislessthanfortyyearsofage；andnooneshallgoinaprivatecapacity，butonlyinsomepublicone，asaherald，oronanembassy；oronasacredmission。Goingabroadonanexpeditionorinwar，nottobeincludedamongtravelsoftheclassauthorizedbythestate。ToApolloatDelphiandtoZeusatOlympiaandtoNemeaandtotheIsthmus，-citizensshouldbesenttotakepartinthesacrificesandgamestherededicatedtotheGods；andtheyshouldsendasmanyaspossible，andthebestandfairestthatcanbefound，andtheywillmakethecityrenownedatholymeetingsintimeofpeace，procuringaglorywhichshallbetheconverseofthatwhichisgainedinwar；

　　andwhentheycomehometheyshallteachtheyoungthattheinstitutionsofotherstatesareinferiortotheirown。Andtheyshallsendspectatorsofanothersort，iftheyhavetheconsentoftheguardians，beingsuchcitizensasdesiretolookalittlemoreatleisureatthedoingsofothermen；andthesenolawshallhinder。Foracitywhichhasnoexperienceofgoodandbadmenorintercoursewiththem，canneverbethoroughly，andperfectlycivilized，nor，again，canthecitizensofacityproperlyobservethelawsbyhabitonly，andwithoutanintelligentunderstandingofthem。Andtherealwaysareintheworldafewinspiredmenwhoseacquaintanceisbeyondprice，andwhospringupquiteasmuchinill-orderedasinwell-orderedcities。Thesearetheywhomthecitizensofawellorderedcityshouldbeeverseekingout，goingforthoverseaandoverlandtofindhimwhoisincorruptible-thathemayestablishmorefirmlyinstitutionsinhisownstatewhicharegoodalready；andamendwhatisdeficient；forwithoutthisexaminationandenquiryacitywillnevercontinueperfectanymorethaniftheexaminationisill-conducted。

　　Cleinias。Howcanwehaveanexaminationandalsoagoodone？

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