AsthenamewasfoundinuseamongthosewhohadnointercoursewithEuropeans，beforewecanreceivetheaboveexplanationwemustbelievethattheunknowntravelerknewthelanguagesufficientlywelltoaskaquestion，butnottounderstandtheanswerWemayadd，thatthewayinwhichtheystillcontinuetousethewordseemstorequirenofancifulinterpretationWhenaddressedwithanydegreeofscorn，theyreply，“WeareBachuana，orequalswearenotinferiortoanyofournation。”inexactlythesamesenseasIrishmenorScotchmen，inthesamecircumstances，wouldreply，“WeareBritons。”
or“WeareEnglishmen。”Mostothertribesareknownbythetermsappliedtothembystrangersonly，astheCaffres，Hottentots，andBushmen。
TheBechuanasaloneusethetermtothemselvesasagenericoneforthewholenationTheyhavemanaged，also，togiveacomprehensivenametothewhites，viz。，Makoa，thoughtheycannotexplainthederivationofitanymorethanoftheirownItseemstomean“handsome“，fromthemannerinwhichtheyuseittoindicatebeauty；
butthereisawordsoverylikeitmeaning“infirm“，or“weak“，thatBurchell’sconjectureisprobablytherightone。
“ThedifferentHottentottribeswereknownbynamesterminatingin`kua’，whichmeans`man’，andtheBechuanassimplyaddedtheprefixMa，denotinganation。”TheythemselveswerefirstknownasBriquas，or“goat-men“ThelanguageoftheBechuanasistermedSichuana；
thatofthewhitesorMakoaiscalledSekoa。
TheMakololo，orBasuto，havecarriedtheirpowersofgeneralizationstillfarther，andarrangedtheotherpartsofthesamegreatfamilyofSouthAfricansintothreedivisions：1stTheMatebele，orMakonkobi
theCaffrefamilylivingontheeasternsideofthecountry；
2dTheBakoni，orBasuto；and，3dTheBakalahari，orBechuanas，livinginthecentralparts，whichincludesallthosetribeslivinginoradjacenttothegreatKalahariDesert。
1stTheCaffresaredividedbythemselvesintovarioussubdivisions，asAmakosa，Amapanda，andotherwell-knowntitlesTheyconsiderthenameCaffreasaninsultingepithet。
TheZulusofNatalbelongtothesamefamily，andtheyareasfamedfortheirhonestyastheirbrethrenwholiveadjacenttoourcolonialfrontierarerenownedforcattle-liftingTheRecorderofNataldeclaredofthemthathistorydoesnotpresentanotherinstanceinwhichsomuchsecurityforlifeandpropertyhasbeenenjoyed，ashasbeenexperienced，duringthewholeperiodofEnglishoccupation，bytenthousandcolonists，inthemidstofonehundredthousandZulus。
TheMatebeleofMosilikatse，livingashortdistancesouthoftheZambesi，andothertribeslivingalittlesouthofTeteandSenna，aremembersofthissamefamilyTheyarenotknownbeyondtheZambesiRiver。
ThiswasthelimitoftheBechuanaprogressnorthtoo，untilSebituanepushedhisconquestsfarther。
2dTheBakoniandBasutodivisioncontains，inthesouth，allthosetribeswhichacknowledgeMosheshastheirparamountchief。
AmongthemwefindtheBatau，theBaputi，Makolokue，etc。，andsomemountaineersontherangeMaluti，whoarebelieved，bythosewhohavecarefullysiftedtheevidence，tohavebeenatonetimeguiltyofcannibalismThishasbeendoubted，buttheirsongsadmitthefacttothisday，andtheyascribetheirhavingleftofftheodiouspracticeofentrappinghumanpreytoMosheshhavinggiventhemcattle。
TheyarecalledMarimoandMayabathu，men-eaters，bytherestoftheBasuto，whohavevarioussubdivisions，asMakatla，Bamakakana，Matlapatlapa，etc。
TheBakonifarthernorththantheBasutoaretheBatlou，Baperi，Bapo，andanothertribeofBakuena，Bamosetla，BamapelaorBalaka，Babiriri，Bapiri，Bahukeng，Batlokua，Baakhahela，etc。，etc。；thewholeofwhichtribesarefavoredwithabundanceofrain，and，beingmuchattachedtoagriculture，raiseverylargequantitiesofgrainItisontheirindustrythatthemoredistantBoersrevelinslothfulabundance，andfollowtheirslave-huntingandcattle-stealingpropensitiesquitebeyondtherangeofEnglishinfluenceandlaw。
TheBasutounderMosheshareequallyfondofcultivatingthesoil。
Thechieflaborofhoeing，drivingawaybirds，reaping，andwinnowing，fallstothewillingarmsofthehard-workingwomen；butasthemen，aswellastheirwives，asalreadystated，alwayswork，manyhavefollowedtheadviceofthemissionaries，andnowuseplowsandoxeninsteadofthehoe。
3dTheBakalahari，orwesternbranchoftheBechuanafamily，consistsofBarolong，Bahurutse，Bakuena，Bangwaketse，Bakaa，Bamangwato，Bakurutse，Batauana，Bamatlaro，andBatlapi。
Amongthelastthesuccessofmissionarieshasbeengreatest。
Theywereaninsignificantandfilthypeoplewhenfirstdiscovered；
but，beingnearesttothecolony，theyhavehadopportunitiesoftrading；
andthelong-continuedpeacetheyhaveenjoyed，throughtheinfluenceofreligiousteaching，hasenabledthemtoamassgreatnumbersofcattle。
Theyoung，however，whodonotrealizetheirformerdegradation，oftenconsidertheirpresentsuperiorityovertheless-favoredtribesintheinteriortobeentirelyowingtotheirowngreaterwisdomandmoreintellectualdevelopment。
Chapter11。
DeparturefromLinyantiforSeshekeLevelCountryAnt-hills
WildDate-treesAppearanceofourAttendantsontheMarch
TheChief’sGuardTheyattempttorideonOx-back
VastHerdsofthenewAntelopes，Leches，andNakongs
ThenativewayofhuntingthemReceptionattheVillages
PresentsofBeerandMilkEatingwiththeHand
TheChiefprovidestheOxenforSlaughterSocialModeofEating
TheSugar-caneSekeletu’snovelTestofCharacter
CleanlinessofMakololoHutsTheirConstructionandAppearance
TheBedsCrosstheLeeambyeAspectofthispartoftheCountry
ThesmallAntelopeTianyaneunknownintheSouthHuntingonfoot
AnEland。
HavingwaitedamonthatLinyantilat18d17’20“S。，long23d50’9“E。，weagaindeparted，forthepurposeofascendingtheriverfromSeshekelat17d31’38“S。，long25d13’E。TotheBarotsecountry，thecapitalofwhichisNarieleorNalielelat15d24’17“S。，long23d5’54“E。，IwentincompanywithSekeletuandaboutonehundredandsixtyattendantsWehadmostoftheyoungmenwithus，andmanyoftheunder-chiefsbesidesThecountrybetweenLinyantiandSeshekeisperfectlyflat，exceptpatcheselevatedonlyafewfeetabovethesurroundinglevelTherearealsomanymoundswherethegiganticant-hillsofthecountryhavebeensituatedorstillappear：
thesemoundsareevidentlytheworkofthetermitesNoonewhohasnotseentheirgiganticstructurescanfancytheindustryoftheselittlelaborers；
theyseemtoimpartfertilitytothesoilwhichhasoncepassedthroughtheirmouths，fortheMakololofindthesidesofant-hillsthechoicespotsforrearingearlymaize，tobacco，oranythingonwhichtheywishtobestowespecialcareInthepartsthroughwhichwepassedthemoundsaregenerallycoveredwithmassesofwilddate-trees；
thefruitissmall，andnotreeisallowedtostandlong，for，havingabundanceoffood，theMakololohavenoinclinationtopreservewildfruit-trees；accordingly，whenadateshootsuptoseed，assoonasthefruitisripetheycutdownthetreeratherthanbeatthetroubleofclimbingitTheotherpartsofthemoreelevatedlandhavethecamel-thorn`Acaciagiraffae’，white-thornedmimosa`Acaciahorrida’，andbaobabsInsandyspotstherearepalmyrassomewhatsimilartotheIndian，butwithasmallerseed。
Thesoilonalltheflatpartsisarich，dark，tenaciousloam，knownasthe“cotton-ground“inIndia；itiscoveredwithadensemattingofcoarsegrass，commononalldampspotsinthiscountry。
WehadtheChobeonourright，withitsscoresofmilesofreedoccupyingthehorizonthereItwaspleasanttolookbackonthelong-extendedlineofourattendants，asittwistedandbentaccordingtothecurvesofthefootpath，orinandoutbehindthemounds，theostrichfeathersofthemenwavinginthewindSomehadthewhiteendsofox-tailsontheirheads，Hussarfashion，andothersgreatbunchesofblackostrichfeathers，orcapsmadeoflions’manes。
Someworeredtunics，orvarious-coloredprintswhichthechiefhadboughtfromFleming；thecommonmencarriedburdens；thegentlemenwalkedwithasmallclubofrhinoceros-hornintheirhands，andhadservantstocarrytheirshields；whilethe“Machaka“，battle-axemen，carriedtheirown，andwereliableatanytimetobesentoffahundredmilesonanerrand，andexpectedtorunalltheway。
SekeletuisalwaysaccompaniedbyhisownMopato，anumberofyoungmenofhisownageWhenhesitsdowntheycrowdaroundhim；
thosewhoarenearesteatoutofthesamedish，fortheMakololochiefspridethemselvesoneatingwiththeirpeopleHeeatsalittle，thenbeckonshisneighborstopartakeWhentheyhavedoneso，heperhapsbeckonstosomeoneatadistancetotakeashare；thatpersonstartsforward，seizesthepot，andremovesittohisowncompanions。
ThecomradesofSekeletu，wishingtoimitatehiminridingonmyoldhorse，leapedonthebacksofanumberofhalf-brokenBatokaoxenastheyran，but，havingneithersaddlenorbridle，thenumberoftumblestheymetwithwasasourceofmuchamusementtotherestTroopsofleches，or，astheyareherecalled，“lechwes“，appearedfeedingquiteheedlesslyallovertheflats；theyexisthereinprodigiousherds，althoughthenumbersofthemandofthe“nakong“thatarekilledannuallymustbeenormousBotharewaterantelopes，and，whenthelandswenowtreaduponareflooded，theybetakethemselvestothemoundsIhavealludedtoTheMakalaka，whoaremostexpertinthemanagementoftheirsmall，thin，lightcanoes，comegentlytowardthem；
themenstanduprightinthecanoe，thoughitisnotmorethanfifteenoreighteenincheswideandaboutfifteenfeetlong；
theirpaddles，tenfeetinheight，areofakindofwoodcalledmolompi，verylight，yetaselasticasashWiththesetheyeitherpuntorpaddle，accordingtotheshallownessordepthofthewaterWhentheyperceivetheantelopesbeginningtomovetheyincreasetheirspeed，andpursuethemwithgreatvelocityTheymakethewaterdashawayfromthegunwale，and，thoughthelechegoesoffbyasuccessionofprodigiousbounds，itsfeetappearingtotouchthebottomateachspring，theymanagetospeargreatnumbersofthem。
ThenakongoftensharesasimilarfateThisisanewspecies，rathersmallerthantheleche，andinshapehasmoreofpaunchinessthananyantelopeIeversawItsgaitcloselyresemblesthegallopofadogwhentiredThehairislongandrathersparse，sothatitisneversleek-lookingItisofagrayish-browncolor，andhashornstwistedinthemannerofakoodoo，butmuchsmaller，andwithadoubleridgewindingroundeachofthem。
Itshabitatisthemarshandthemuddybogs；thegreatlengthofitsfootbetweenthepointofthetoeandsupplementalhoofsenablesittomakeaprintaboutafootinlength；itfeedsbynight，andlieshidamongthereedsandrushesbyday；whenpursued，itdashesintosedgyplacescontainingwater，andimmersesthewholebody，leavingonlythepointofthenoseandendsofthehornsexposed。
Thehuntersburnlargepatchesofreedinordertodrivethenakongoutofhislair；occasionallytheendsofthehornsprojectabovethewater；
butwhenitseesitselfsurroundedbyenemiesincanoes，itwillratherallowitshornstobescorchedintheburningreedthancomeforthfromitshiding-place。
WhenwearrivedatanyvillagethewomenallturnedouttolullilootheirchiefTheirshrillvoices，towhichtheygiveatremuloussoundbyaquickmotionofthetongue，pealforth，“Greatlion！”“Greatchief！”“Sleep，mylord！”etcThemenuttersimilarsalutations；andSekeletureceivesallwithbecomingindifference。
Afterafewminutes’conversationandtellingthenews，theheadmanofthevillage，whoisalmostalwaysaMakololo，rises，andbringsforthanumberoflargepotsofbeer。
Calabashes，beingusedasdrinking-cups，arehandedround，andasmanyascanpartakeofthebeveragedoso，graspingthevesselssoeagerlythattheyareindangerofbeingbroken。
Theybringforthalsolargepotsandbowlsofthickmilk；
somecontainsixoreightgallons；andeachofthese，aswellasofthebeer，isgiventoaparticularperson，whohasthepowertodivideitwithwhomhepleasesTheheadmanofanysectionofthetribeisgenerallyselectedforthisofficeSpoonsnotbeinggenerallyinfashion，themilkisconveyedtothemouthwiththehandIoftenpresentedmyfriendswithironspoons，anditwascurioustoobservehowtheirhabitofhand-eatingprevailed，thoughtheyweredelightedwiththespoonsTheyliftedoutalittlewiththeutensil，thenputitonthelefthand，andateitoutofthat。
AstheMakololohavegreatabundanceofcattle，andthechiefisexpectedtofeedallwhoaccompanyhim，heeitherselectsanoxortwoofhisownfromthenumerouscattlestationsthathepossessesatdifferentspotsalloverthecountry，orispresentedbytheheadmenofthevillageshevisitswithasmanyasheneedsbywayoftributeTheanimalsarekilledbyathrustfromasmalljavelinintheregionoftheheart，thewoundbeingpurposelysmallinordertoavoidanylossofblood，which，withtheinternalparts，aretheperquisitesofthemenwhoperformtheworkofthebutcher；henceallareeagertorenderserviceinthatline。