Ihad，duringtheelevenyearsofmypreviouscourse，invariablyabstainedfromtakingpresentsofivory，fromanideathatareligiousinstructordegradedhimselfbyacceptinggiftsfromthosewhosespiritualwelfareheprofessedtoseekMyprecedenceofalltradersinthelineofdiscoveryputmeofteninthewayofveryhandsomeoffers，butIalwaysadvisedthedonorstoselltheirivorytotraders，whowouldbesuretofollow，andwhenatsomefuturetimetheyhadbecomerichbybarter，theymightremembermeormychildrenWhenLakeNgamiwasdiscoveredImighthaverefusedpermissiontoatraderwhoaccompaniedus；
butwhenheappliedforleavetoformpartofourcompany，knowingthatMrOswellwouldnomoretradethanmyself，andthatthepeopleofthelakewouldbedisappointediftheycouldnotdisposeoftheirivory，Iwillinglygrantedasanction，withoutwhichhispeoplewouldnotatthattimehaveventuredsofar。
Thiswassurelypreferringtheinterestofanothertomyown。
ThereturnIgotforthiswasanoticeinoneoftheCapepapersthatthis“manwasthetruediscovererofthelake！”
TheconclusionIhadcometowas，thatitisquitelawful，thoughperhapsnotexpedient，formissionariestotrade；butbarteristheonlymeansbywhichamissionaryintheinteriorcanpayhisway，asmoneyhasnovalueInallthejourneysIhadpreviouslyundertakenforwiderdiffusionoftheGospel，theextraexpensesweredefrayedfrommysalaryof100PoundsperannumThissumissufficienttoenableamissionarytoliveintheinteriorofSouthAfrica，supposinghehasagardencapableofyieldingcornandvegetables；
butshouldhenot，andstillconsiderthatsixoreightmonthscannotlawfullybespentsimplyingettinggoodsatalowerpricethantheycanbehadfromitineranttraders，thesummentionedisbarelysufficientforthepoorestfareandplainestapparel。
Asweneverfeltourselvesjustifiedinmakingjourneystothecolonyforthesakeofsecuringbargains，themostfrugallivingwasnecessarytoenableustobealittlecharitabletoothers；butwhentothiswereaddedextratravelingexpenses，thewantsofanincreasingfamily，andliberalgiftstochiefs，itwasdifficulttomakebothendsmeet。
Thepleasureofmissionarylaborwouldbeenhancedifonecoulddevotehislifetotheheathen，withoutdrawingasalaryfromasocietyatall。
Theluxuryofdoinggoodfromone’sownprivateresources，withoutappearingtoeithernativesorEuropeanstobemakingagainofit，isfarpreferable，andanobjectworthytheambitionoftherich。
Butfewmenoffortune，however，nowdevotethemselvestoChristianmissions，asofoldPresentswerealwaysgiventothechiefswhomwevisited，andnothingacceptedinreturn；butwhenSebituanein1851
offeredsomeivory，Itookit，andwasablebyitssaletopresenthissonwithanumberofreallyusefularticlesofahighervaluethanIhadeverbeenabletogivebeforetoanychiefIndoingthis，ofcourse，Iappearedtotrade，but，feelingIhadarighttodoso，Ifeltperfectlyeasyinmymind；and，asIstillheldtheviewoftheinexpediencyofcombiningthetwoprofessions，IwasgladoftheproposalofoneofthemosthonorablemerchantsofCapeTown，MrHERutherford，thatheshouldriskasumofmoneyinFleming’shandsforthepurposeofattemptingtodevelopatradewiththeMakololo。
ItwastothismanIsuggestedSekeletushouldsellthetuskswhichhehadpresentedformyacceptance，butthechiefrefusedtotakethembackfrommeThegoodswhichFleminghadbroughtwereilladaptedfortheuseofthenatives，buthegotaprettygoodloadofivoryinexchange；andthoughitwashisfirstattemptattrading，andthedistancetraveledovermadetheexpensesenormous，hewasnotaloserbythetripOthertradersfollowed，whodemanded90lbsofivoryforamusketTheMakololo，knowingnothingofsteelyards，butsupposingthattheyweremeanttocheatthem，declinedtotradeexceptbyexchangingonebullandonecowelephant’stuskforeachgun。
Thiswouldaverage70lbsofivory，whichsellsattheCapefor5sperpound，forasecond-handmusketworth10s。
I，beingsixtymilesdistant，didnotwitnessthisattemptatbarter，but，anxioustoenablemycountrymentodriveabrisktrade，toldtheMakololotosellmytentusksontheirownaccountforwhatevertheywouldbringSeventytuskswereforsale，but，thepartiesnotunderstandingeachother’stalk，notradewasestablished；andwhenIpassedthespotsometimeafterward，Ifoundthatthewholeofthativoryhadbeendestroyedbyanaccidentalfire，whichbrokeoutinthevillagewhenallthepeoplewereabsent。
Successintradeisasmuchdependentonknowledgeofthelanguageassuccessintraveling。
Ihadbroughtwithmeaspresentsanimprovedbreedofgoats，fowls，andapairofcatsAsuperiorbullwasbought，alsoasagifttoSekeletu，butIwascompelledtoleaveitonaccountofitshavingbecomefoot-soreAstheMakololoareveryfondofimprovingthebreedoftheirdomesticanimals，theyweremuchpleasedwithmyselection。
Iendeavoredtobringthebull，inperformanceofapromisemadetoSebituanebeforehediedAdmiringacalfwhichwehadwithus，heproposedtogivemeacowforit，whichinthenativeestimationwasofferingthreetimesitsvalueIpresentedittohimatonce，andpromisedtobringhimanotherandabetteroneSekeletuwasmuchgratifiedbymyattempttokeepmywordgiventohisfather。
TheyhavetwobreedsofcattleamongthemOne，calledtheBatoka，becausecapturedfromthattribe，isofdiminutivesize，butverybeautiful，andcloselyresemblestheshort-hornsofourowncountryThelittlepairpresentedbytheKingofPortugaltoH。R。Htheprinceconsort，isofthisbreedTheyareverytame，andremarkablyplayful；
theymaybeseenlyingontheirsidesbythefiresintheevening；
and，whentheherdgoesout，theherdsmanoftenprecedesthem，andhasonlytocommencecaperingtosetthemallagamboling。
ThemeatissuperiortothatofthelargeanimalTheother，orBarotseox，ismuchlarger，andcomesfromthefertileBarotseValley。
Theystandhighontheirlegs，oftennearlysixfeetatthewithers；
andtheyhavelargehornsThoseofoneofasimilarbreedthatwebroughtfromthelakemeasuredfromtiptotipeightandahalffeet。
TheMakololoareinthehabitofshavingoffalittlefromonesideofthehornsoftheseanimalswhenstillgrowing，inordertomakethemcurveinthatdirectionandassumefantasticshapes。
Thestrangerthecurvature，themorehandsometheoxisconsideredtobe，andthelongerthisornamentofthecattle-penissparedtobeautifytheherd。
ThisisaveryancientcustominAfrica，forthetributarytribesofEthiopiaareseen，onsomeofthemostancientEgyptianmonuments，bringingcontorted-hornedcattleintoEgypt。
Allareremarkablyfondoftheircattle，andspendmuchtimeinornamentingandadorningthemSomearebrandedalloverwithahotknife，soastocauseapermanentdiscolorationofthehair，inlineslikethebandsonthehideofazebraPiecesofskintwoorthreeincheslongandbroadaredetached，andallowedtohealinadependentpositionaroundtheheadastrangestyleofornament；
indeed，itisdifficulttoconceiveinwhattheirnotionofbeautyconsists。
ThewomenhavesomewhatthesameideaswithourselvesofwhatconstitutescomelinessTheycamefrequentlyandaskedforthelooking-glass；
andtheremarkstheymadewhileIwasengagedinreading，andapparentlynotattendingtothemonfirstseeingthemselvestherein，wereamusinglyridiculous“Isthatme？”“WhatabigmouthIhave！”
“Myearsareasbigaspumpkin-leaves。”“Ihavenochinatall。”
Or，“Iwouldhavebeenpretty，butamspoiledbythesehighcheek-bones。”
“Seehowmyheadshootsupinthemiddle！”laughingvociferouslyallthetimeattheirownjokesTheyreadilyperceiveanydefectineachother，andgivenicknamesaccordinglyOnemancamealonetohaveaquietgazeathisownfeaturesonce，whenhethoughtIwasasleep；
aftertwistinghismouthaboutinvariousdirections，heremarkedtohimself，“PeoplesayIamugly，andhowveryuglyIamindeed！”
TheMakololousealltheskinsoftheiroxenformakingeithermantlesorshieldsFortheformer，thehideisstretchedoutbymeansofpegs，anddriedTenoradozenmenthencollectrounditwithsmalladzes，which，whensharpenedwithanironbodkin，arecapableofshavingoffthesubstanceoftheskinonthefleshysideuntilitisquitethin；whensufficientlythin，aquantityofbrainissmearedoverit，andsomethickmilkThenaninstrumentmadeofanumberofironspikestiedroundapieceofwood，sothatthepointsonlyprojectbeyondit，isappliedtoitinacardingfashion，untilthefibresofthebulkofitarequiteloose。
Milkorbutterisappliedtoitagain，anditformsagarmentnearlyassoftascloth。
Theshieldsaremadeofhidespartiallydriedinthesun，andthenbeatenwithhammersuntiltheyarestiffanddry。
Twobroadbeltsofadifferently-coloredskinaresewedintothemlongitudinally，andsticksinsertedtomakethemrigidandnotliabletobendeasilyTheshieldisagreatprotectionintheirwayoffightingwithspears，buttheyalsotrustlargelytotheiragilityinspringingasidefromthecomingjavelin。
TheshieldassistswhensomanyspearsarethrownthatitisimpossiblenottoreceivesomeofthemTheirspearsarelightjavelins；
and，judgingfromwhatIhaveseenthemdoinelephant-hunting，Ibelieve，whentheyhaveroomtomakearunanddischargethemwiththeaidofthejerkofstopping，theycanthrowthembetweenfortyandfiftyyardsTheygivethemanupwarddirectioninthedischarge，sothattheycomedownontheobjectwithacceleratedforce。
Isawamanwhoinbattlehadreceivedoneintheshin；
theexcitementofthemomentpreventedhisfeelinganypain；
but，whenthebattlewasover，thebladewasfoundtohavesplitthebone，andbecomesoimpactedinthecleftthatnoforcecouldextractit。
Itwasnecessarytotakeanaxeandpressthesplitboneasunderbeforetheweaponcouldbetakenout。
TheFeverItsSymptomsRemediesofthenativeDoctors
HospitalityofSekeletuandhisPeopleOneoftheirReasonsforPolygamyTheycultivatelargelyTheMakalakaorsubjectTribes
Sebituane’sPolicyrespectingthemTheirAffectionforhim
ProductsoftheSoilInstrumentofCultureTheTribute
DistributedbytheChiefAwarlikeDemonstration
Lechulatebe’sProvocationsTheMakololodeterminetopunishhim
TheBechuanasMeaningoftheTermThreeDivisionsofthegreatFamilyofSouthAfricans。
Onthe30thofMayIwasseizedwithfeverforthefirsttime。
WereachedthetownofLinyantionthe23d；andasmyhabitsweresuddenlychangedfromgreatexertiontocomparativeinactivity，atthecommencementofthecoldseasonIsufferedfromasevereattackofstoppageofthesecretions，closelyresemblingacommoncoldWarmbathsanddrinksrelievedme，andIhadnoideabutthatIwasnowrecoveringfromtheeffectsofachill，gotbyleavingthewarmwagonintheeveninginordertoconductfamilyworshipatmypeople’sfireButonthe2dofJunearelapseshowedtotheMakololo，whoknewthecomplaint，thatmyindispositionwasnootherthanthefever，withwhichIhavesincemadeamoreintimateacquaintanceColdeastwindsprevailatthistime；andastheycomeovertheextensiveflatsinundatedbytheChobe，aswellasmanyotherdistrictswherepoolsofrain-waterarenowdryingup，theymaybesupposedtobeloadedwithmalariaandwateryvapor，andmanycasesoffeverfollow。
Theusualsymptomsofstoppedsecretionaremanifested
shiveringandafeelingofcoldness，thoughtheskinisquitehottothetouchofanotherTheheatintheaxilla，overtheheartandregionofthestomach，wasinmycase100Deg。；butalongthespineandatthenapeoftheneck103DegTheinternalprocesseswereall，withtheexceptionofthekidneysandliver，stopped；
thelatter，initseffortstofreethebloodofnoxiousparticles，oftensecretesenormousquantitiesofbileTherewerepainsalongthespine，andfrontalheadacheAnxioustoascertainwhetherthenativespossessedtheknowledgeofanyremedyofwhichwewereignorant，IrequestedtheassistanceofoneofSekeletu’sdoctors。