OftheAttackitselfweproposetosayalmostnothing。ItconsistsofTwoParts，WiedandMollendorf，whichareintenselyReal；andofagreatmanymorewhichareScenicchiefly，——someofthemScenictothedegreeofDrury—Laneitself，asweperceive；——allcunninglydevised，andbeautifullyplayingintooneanother，boththerealandthescenic。EVENINGOFTHE20th，Friedrichisonhisground，accordingtoProgram。Friedrich——whohasnowhisMollendorfandWiedbesidehimagain，nearthisVillageofBurkersdorf；andhashiscompletelyscenicCzernichef，andpartlyscenicZiethenandothers，allintheirplacesbehindhim——quietlycrushesDaun’speopleoutofBurkersdorfVillage；andfurthermore，sosoonasNighthasfallen，burstsup，forhisownuses，BurkersdorfoldCastle，anditsobstinatehandfulofdefenders，whichwasanoisierprocess。Whichdone，hediligentlysetstotrenching，buildingbatteriesinthatpart；willhavefortyformidableguns，howitzersagoodfewofthem，readybeforesunrise。Andso，WEDNESDAY，21stJULY，1762，AllPrussiansareinmotion，farandwide；especiallyMollendorfandWied（VERSUSO’KellyandPrincedeLigne），——whichPairofPrussiansmaybedefinedratherasnearandclose；theseTwobeing，infact，thesoulofthematter，andallelsegarnitureandsemblance。About4inthemorning，Friedrich’sBatteryof40hasbegunraging；thehowitzersdiligentuponO’KellyandhisBurkersdorfHeight，——notmuchhurtingO’KellyorhisHeight，sohighwasit，butmakingaprodigiousnoiseuponO’Kelly；
——othersofthecannonshearinghomeonthosepalisadesandelaborations，intheWeistritzValleyinparticular，andquitetearingupaCavalryRegimentwhichwasdrawnoutthere；sothatO’Kellyhadinstantlytocallithome，inaverywreckedcondition。
WhyO’Kellyeverputitthere——exceptthathesawnoplaceforitinhisruggedlocalities，ornouseforitanywhere——isstillamysterytotheintelligentmind。[Tempelhof，vi。107。]
Thehowitzers，theirshellsburstingmostlyintheair，didO’Kellylittlehurt，norforhoursyetwasthereanyrealattackonBurkersdorforhim；butthenoise，thehorriddeath—blazewasprodigious，andkeptO’Kelly，likesomeothers，inanagitated，occupiedconditiontilltheirownturncame。
ForithadbeenorderedthatWiedandMollendorfwerenottoattacktogether:nottogether，butsuccessively，——forthefollowingreasons。TOGETHER；supposeMollendorftoprosperonO’Kelly（whomheistostorm，notbythesteepfrontpartasO’Kellyfancies，buttogoroundbythewesternflankandtakehiminrear）；supposeMollendorftobenearprosperingonBurkersdorfHeight，——unlessWiedtoohaveprospered，LudwigsdorfbatteriesandforceswillhaveMollendorfbytherightflank，andbetweentwofireshewillberuined；heandeverything！Ontheotherhand，letWiedtryfirst:
ifWiedcanmanageLudwigsdorf，well:ifWiedcannot，hecomeshomeagainwithsmalldamage；andthewholeEnterpriseisoffforthepresent。ThatwasFriedrich’swisearrangement，andthereasonwhyhesobombardsO’Kellywiththunder，blankmostly。
Andindeed，from4thismorningandtill4intheafternoon，thereissuchanoutburstandblazingseriesofScenicEffect，andthundermostlyblank，goingonfarandnearalloverthatDistrictofCountry:GeneralThisostentatiouslyspeedingoff，asifforattackonsomeimportantplace；GeneralThat，forattackonsomeother；allhandsbusy，——the20，000Russiansnotyetspeeding，butseeminglyjustabouttodoit，——andblankthundersomixedwithnotblank，andsceniceffectwithbitterreality，[Tempelhof，vi。
105—111。]——aswasseldomseenbefore。AndnowisestDaun，nottospeakofhisO’Kellysandlieutenants，can，forthelifeofhim，saywheretherealattackistobe，oronwhathandtoturnhimself。Dauninperson，Ibelieve，isstillatTannhausen，nearthecentreofthisastonishingscene；fiveorsixmilesfromanypracticalpartofit。Anddoesorderforward，hither，thither，massesofforcetosupporttheDeLigne，theO’Kelly，amongothers，——butwhocantellwhattosupport？Daun’slieutenantswerealertsomeofthem，othersless:GeneralGuasco，forinstance，whoisinSchweidnitz，analertCommandant，with12，000pickedmen，wasdrawingout，ofhisownwill，withcertainregimentstotryFriedrich’srear:butacheckwasputonhim（somedangerousshakeofthefistfromafar），whenhehadtodrawinagain。IngeneraltheO’Kellysupportssatgazingdubiously，anddidnothingforO’Kellybutrollbackalongwithhim，whenthetimecame。ButletusfirstattendtoWied，andtheLudwigsdorf—Leuthmannsdorfpart。
Wied，dividedintoThree，isdiligentlypushinguponLudwigsdorfbytheslackereasternascents；meetsfirmenoughbattalions，potent，dangerousandresoluteintheirstrongposts；butendeavorsfirmlytobemoredangerousthanthey。Dislodgeseverything，onhisright，onhisleft；comesinsightofthebatteriesandrankedmassesatop，whichseemtohimdifficultindeed；flatlyimpossible，iftriedonfront；butalwayssomeColonelLottum，orquick—eyedman，findssomelittlevalley，littlehollow；getsattheEnemyside—wiseandrear—wise；rushesonwithfixedbayonets，double—
quick，toco—operatewiththefront:and，onthewhole，therearethebestnewsfromWied，andweperceiveheseeshiswaythroughtheaffair。
Uponwhich，Mollendorfgetsinmotion，uponhisspecificerrand。
Mollendorfhasbeensurveyinghisgroundalittle，duringtheleisurehour；especiallyexaminingwhatmodeofpassagetheremaybe，andlookingforsomeroadupthoseslackerwesternparts:
hasfoundnoroad，butakindofsheeptrack，whichhethinkswilldo。Mollendorf，withallenergy，surmountingmanydifficulties，pushesupaccordingly；getsintohissheep—track；finds，inthesteeperpartofthistrack，thathorsescannotdrawhiscannon；
setshismentodoit；pullsandpushes，heandthey，witharightwill；——seesoverhisleftshoulder，atacertainpoint，therankedAustrianswaitingforhimbehindtheircannon（whichmusthavebeenaninterestingglimpseofsceneryforsomemoments）；tugsalong，tillheisatapointforplantinghiscannon；andthen，underhelpofthese，rushesforward，——intwoparts，perhapsinthree，butwithoneimpetusinall，——toseizetheAustrianfruitsetbeforehim。
Surely，ifaprecious，averypricklyPomegranate，toclutchholdofondifferentsides，aftersuchaclimb！TheAustriansmakestifffight；haveabatis，multiplexdefences；andMollendorfhasafuriouswrestlewiththislastremnant，holdingoutwonderfully，——
tillatlengththeabatisitselfcatchesfire，inthemusketry，andtheyhavetosurrender。Thismustbeaboutnoon，asIcollect:
andFeldmarschallDaunhimselfnoworderseverybodytofallback。
Andthetugoffightisover；——thoughFriedrich’ssceniceffectsdidnotcease；andinparticularhisbigbatteryragedtill5intheafternoon，themoretoconfirmDaun’srearwardresolutionsandquickenhismotions。Onfallofnight，Daun，everybodyhavinghadhisorders，andbeenmakinghispreparationsforsixhourspast，ebbedtotallyaway；inperfectorder，bagandbaggage。Wellawaytosouthward；andleftFriedrichquitofhim。[Tempelhof。vi。100—115:
compareBerichtvonderbeyLeutmannsdorfden21stenJulius1762vorgefallenenAction（Seyfarth，
Beylagen，iii。302—308）；AnderweiterBerichtvonder&c。（ib。308—314）；Archenholtz，&c。&c。]
QuitofDaunforevermore，asitturnedout。Plainlyfree，atanyrate，tobeginuponSchweidnitz，wheneverheseesgood。OfthebehaviorofWied，Mollendorf，andtheirpeople，indeedofthePrussiansoneandall，whatcanbesaid，butthatitwasworthyoftheirCaptainandofthePlanningshehadmade？Whichissayingagreatdeal。\"Wegotabove14bigguns，\"reportthey；\"above1，000
prisoners，andperhapstwiceasmanythatdesertedtousinthedaysfollowing。\"Czernichefwasfullofadmirationattheday’swork:hemarchedearlynextmorning，——ItrustwithlastinggratitudeonthepartofanobligedFriedrich。
SomethreeweeksbeforethisofBurkersdorf，DukeFerdinand，nearaplacecalledWilhelmsthal，intheneighborhoodofCassel，inwoodybrokencountryofHillandDale，favorableforstrategiccontrivances，hadorganizedabeautifulmovementfrommanysides，hopingtooverwhelmthetoocarelessortooignorantFrench，andgainasignalvictoryoverthem:BATTLE，socalled，OF
WILHELMSTHAL，JUNE24th，1762，beingtheresult。MauvillonnevercanforgiveacertainstupidHanoverian，whomistookhisorders；
andongettingtohisHill—top，whichwasthecentreofalltherest，——formedhimselfwithhisBACKtothepointofattack；
andbeganshootingcannonatnexttonothing，asiftowarntheFrench，thattheyhadbetterinstantlymakeoff！Whichtheyinstantlysetabout，withawill；andmainlysucceededin；
nothingalldaybutmazesofintricatemarchingonbothsides，withspurtsoffighthereandthere，——endinginatrulystiffboutbetweenGranbyandaComtedeStainville，whocoveredtheretreat，andwhocouldnotbebeatenwithoutagreatdealoftrouble。
TheresultakindofvictorytoFerdinand；butnothinglikewhatheexpected。[Mauvillon，ii。227—236；Tempelhof，vi。&c。&c。]
SoubiseleadstheFrenchthisfinalYear；buthehasaD’Estreeswithhim（ouroldD’EstreesofHASTENBECK），whomuchhelpstheaccountcurrent；andthoughgenerallyonthedeclininghand（obligedtogiveupGottingen，toedgeawayfartherandfartheroutofHessenitself，togiveuptheWeser，andseenoshiftbutthefarthersideofFulda，withFrankfurttorear），——isnotoftencaughtnappingashereatWilhelmsthal。ThereensuedaboutthebanksoftheFulda，andthequestion，Shallwebedrivenacrossitsoonerornotsosoon？agreatdealoffightingandpushing（BattlecalledofLUTTERNBERG，BattleofJOHANNISBERG，andothers）:butallreaderswilllookforwardrathertotheCANNONADEOFAMONEBURG，morepreciselyCannonadeoftheBRUCKEN—MUHLE（September2lst），whichfinishesthesewearisomedeath—wrestlings。Peaceiscoming；
alltheworldcannowcountonthat！
ButeisravenousforPeace；hasbeenprivatelytakingthemostunheard—ofsteps:——wrotetoKaunitz，\"PeaceatonceandwewillvoteforyourHAVINGSilesia；\"towhichKaunitz，suspectingtrickeryinartlessBute，answered，haughtilysneering，\"NohelpneededfromyourLordshipinthatmatter！\"Afterwhichrepulse，orbeforeit，ButehadappliedtotheCzar’sMinisterinLondon:
\"CzarishMajestytohaveEastPreussenguaranteedtohim，ifhewillinsistthattheKingofPrussiaDISPENSEwithSilesia；\"
whichtheindignantCzarrejectedwithscorn，andatoncemadehisRoyalFriendawareof；withwhatemotionontheRoyalFriend’spartwehavetransientlyseen。\"Horrorsandperfidies！\"ejaculatedhe，inourhearinglately；andregardedBute，fromthattime，asaknaveandanimbecilebothinone；noreverquiteforgaveBute’sNationeither，whichwasfarfrombeingBute’saccompliceinthisunheard—ofprocedure。\"NomoreAllianceswithEngland！\"countedhe:
\"WhatAlliancecantherebewiththatever—fluctuatingPeople？
To—daytheyhaveathrice—noblePitt；to—morrowathrice—paltryBute，andallgoesheels—over—headonthesudden！\"[Preuss，ii。
308；Mitchell，ii。286。]
Bute，atthisrateofgoing，willmanagetogetholdofPeacebeforelong。ToFriedrichhimself，aSiegeofSchweidnitzisnowfree；Schweidnitzhis，theAustrianswillhavetoquitSilesia。
\"Theircashisout:exceptprayertotheVirgin，whatbutPeacecantheyattemptfarther？InSaxonythingswillhavegoneill，iftherebenotenoughleftustooffertheminreturnforGlatz。AndPeaceandAS—YOU—WEREmustensue！\"
LetusgouponSchweidnitz，therefore；pausingonnoneofthesesubsidiarythings；andbebriefuponSchweidnitztoo。
ChapterXII。
SIEGEOFSCHWEIDNITZ:SEVENTHCAMPAIGNENDS。
Daunbeingnowclearedaway，FriedrichinstantlyproceedsuponSchweidnitz。OrdersthenecessarySiegeMaterialstogetunderwayfromNeisse；postshisArmyintheproperplaces，betweenDaunandtheFortress，——King’shead—quarterDittmannsdorf，Armyspreadinfinelargecrescent—shape，tosouthwestofSchweidnitzsometenmiles，andasfarbetweenDaunandit；——ordershometohimhisUpper—SilesiaDetachments，\"Home，allofyou，byNeisseCountry，tomakeupforCzernichef’sdeparture；fromNeisseonwardsyoucanguardtheSiege—Ammunitionwagons！\"NaturallyhehasblockadedSchweidnitz，fromthefirst；henamesTauentzienSiege—Captain，witha10or12，000todotheSiege:\"Ahead，allofyou！\"——andinshort，AUGUST7th，withthedueadroitnessandprecautions，openshisfirstparallel；sufferinglittleornothinghithertobyaresistancewhichisrathervehement。[Tempelhof，vi。126。]
Heexpectstohavetheplaceinacoupleofweeks——\"oneweek（HUIT
JOUR）\"hesometimescountsit，butwasfaroutinhisreckoningastotime。
TheSiegeofSchweidnitzoccupiedtwomostlaborious，tediousmonths；——andwouldbewearisometoeveryreadernow，asitwastoFriedricbthen，didweventureonmorethanthebriefestoutline。
Theresistanceisvehement，veryskilful:——CommandantisGuasco（thesamewhowassotruculenttoSchmettauintheDresdentime）；
hisGarrisonisnear12，000，pickedfromallregimentsoftheAustrianArmy；hisprovisions，ammunitions，areoftheamplest；
andhehasunderhimaschiefEngineeraM。Gribeauval，whounderstands\"counter—mining\"likenoother。Afteraboutafortnightoftrial，andoneEventintheneighborhoodwhichshallbementioned，thisofMiningandCounter—mining——thoughtheExternalSapwentrestlesslyforwardtoo，andthecannonadingwasincessantonbothsides——cametoberegardedmoreandmoreastherealmethod，andforsixorsevenweekslongerwaspersistedin，withwonderfultenacityofattemptandresistance。Friedrich’schiefMiningEngineerisalsoaFrenchman，oneLefebvre；whoispersonallytherivalofGribeauval（hisoldclass—fellowatCollege，Ialmostthink）；butisnothisequalinsubterraneanwork，——orperhapsratherhasthehardertaskofit，thatofMining，insteadofCOUNTER—mining，orSPOILINGMines。Tempelhof’saccountofthesetwopeople，andtheirundergroundwrestlehere，isreallycuriousreading；——clearasdaylighttothosethatwillstudy，butofendlessexpansion（asusualinTempelhof），andfitonlytobeindicatedhere。[Tempelhof，vi。122—219；BerichtundTagebuchvonderBelagerungvonSchweidnitzvom7tenAugustbis9
October，1762（Seyfarth，Beylagen，iii。376—479）；Archenholtz，Retzow，&c。]
TheexternalEventIpromisedtomentionisanattemptonDaun’spart（August16th）tobreakinuponFriedrich’sposition，andinterrupttheSiege，orrenderitstillimpossible。EventcalledtheBATTLEOFREICHENBACH，thoughtherewasnotmuchofbattleinit；——inwhichouroldfriendtheDukeofBrunswick—Bevern（whomwehaveseeninabeyance，andmerelyaGarrisonCommandant，foryearsback，tilltheRussiansleftStettintoitself）againplayedashiningpart。
Daun——atTannhausen，10milestosouthwestofFriedrich，andspreadoutamongtheHills，withLoudons，Lacys，Becks，aslieutenants，andinplentyofforce，couldheresolveonusingit——hasatlast，afteramonth’smeditation，hituponaplan。PlanofflowingroundbythesouthernskirtofFriedrich，andseizingcertainHeightstothesoutheasternoropensideofSchweidnitz，——KoltschenHeightthekeyone；fromwhichhemayspreadupatwill，HeightafterHeight，totheveryZobtenbergonthateasternside，andrenderSchweidnitzanimpossibility。Theplan，peoplesay，wasgood；butrequiredrapidityofexecution，——athingDaunisnotstrongin。
Bevern’sbehavior，too，uponwhomtheedgeofthematterfell，wasverygood。Bevern，comingonfromNeisseandUpperSilesia，hadbeenmuchmanoeuvreduponforvariousdaysbyBeck；Beck，adangerous，alertman，doinghisutmosttoseizepostafterpost，andbarBevern’sway，——meaningespecially，asultimatething，togetholdofaHeightcalledFischerberg，whichliesnearReichenbach（inthesouthernSchweidnitzvicinities），andisprefacetoKoltschenHeightandtothewholeEnterpriseofDaun。
Inmostofwhichattempts，especiallyinthislast，Bevern，withgreatmerit，notofdexterityalone（fortheKing’sOrdershadoftentobeDISobeyedintheletter，andonlythespiritofthemheldinview），contrivedtooutmanoeuvreBeck；andbefound（August13th）alreadyfirmontheFischerberg，whenBeck，infullconfidence，camemarchingtowardsit。\"TheFischerberglosttous！\"
Beckhadtoreport，indisappointment。\"Mustberecovered，andmygrandEnterprisenolongerputoff！\"thinksDauntohimself，instillmoredisappointment（\"LaggardthatIam！\"）。——Andonthethirddayfollowing，theBATTLEOFREICHENBACHensued。Lacy，aschief，withabundantforce，andBeckandBrentanounderhim:thesearetomarch，\"RecovermethatFischerberg；itistheprefacetoKoltschenandallelse！\"[Tempelhof，vi。144。]
MONDAY，AUGUST16th，prettyearlyintheday，Lacy，withhisBecksandBrentanos，appearedingreatforceonthewesternsideofFischerberg；plantedthemselvesthere，aboutthethreeVillagesofPeilau（Upper，NetherandMiddlePeilau，alittlewaytosouthofReichenbach），withincannon—shotofBevern；theirpurposeabundantlyclear。Behindthem，inthegorgesoftheMountains，whatisnotsoclear，layDaunandmostofhisArmy；intendingtopushthroughatonceuponKoltschenandseizethekey，werethisofFischerberghad。Lacy，afterreconnoitringalittle，spreadshistents（whichitisobservableBeckdoesnot）；andallAustriansproceedtocookingtheirdinner。\"Nothingcomingofthemtillto—morrow！\"saidFriedrich，whowashere；andwenthiswayhome，onthissymptomoftheAustrianprocedures；——hardlyconsentingtoregardthemfarther，evenwhenheheardtheircannonadebegin。
Lacy，thegeneralcomposurebeingthusestablished，anddinnerwelldone，suddenlydrewoutaboutfiveintheevening，inlongstrongline，beforetheseHamletsofPeilau，onthewesternsideoftheFischerberg；Beckprivatelypushingroundbywoodstotakeitontheeasternside:andthereensuedabundantcannonadingonthepartofLacyandBrentano，andsomeidleflourishingaboutofhorse，respondedtobyBevern；and，onthepartofLacyandBrentano，nothingelsewhatever。Morelikeatheatrefightthanarealone，saysTempelhof。Beck，however，isinearnest；hasamostdifficultmarchthroughthetangledpathlesswoods；doesarriveatlength，andbeginrealfighting，verysharpforsometime；whichmighthavebeenproductive，hadLacygiventheleasthelptoit，ashedidNOT。[Tempelhof，vi。146—151。]Beckdidhisfieriest；butgotrepulsedeverywhere。Becktriesinvariousplaces；findsswamps，impediments，fierceresistancefromtheBevernpeople；——finds，atlength，thattheKingisawake，andthatreinforcements，horse，foot，riding—artillery，arecominginatthegallop；andthathe，Beck，cannottoosoongetaway。
NoneoftheKing’sFootpeoplecouldgetinforastroke，thoughtheycamemostlyrunning（distancefivemiles）；buttheHorse—
chargeswerebeautifullyimpressiveonLacy’stheatricalperformers，aswastheHorse—Artillerytoastillmoresurprisingdegree；andproducedanimmediateEXEUNTOMNESontheLacypart。
Alloff；about7P。M。，——Sunjustgoingdownintheautumnsky；——andtheBattleofReichenbachathingfinished。Seeingwhich，Daunalsoimmediatelywithdrew，throughthegorgesoftheMountainsagain。
Andforsevenweeksthenceforthsatcontemplative，withouttheleastfartherattemptatreliefofSchweidnitz。Itwasduringthosesevenweeks，sometimeafterthis，thatpoorMadamDaun，goingtoaLeveeatSchonbrunnoneday，hadhercarriagehalffilledwithsymbolicalnightcaps，successivelyflunginuponherbytheViennapeople；——symbolical；inlieuofSlashingArticles，andNewspapersthebestInstructors，whichtheyasyethavenot。
NextdaytheJoy—fireofthePrussianstaughtGuascowhatdisasterhadhappened；andonthefifthdayafterwards（August22d），hearingnothingfartherofDaun，Guascoofferedtosurrender，ontheprincipleofFreeWithdrawal。\"No，never，\"answeredTauentzien，bytheKing’sorder:\"AsPrisonersofWaritmustbe！\"UponwhichGuascostoodtohisdefencesagain；andmaintainedhimself，——
Gribeauvalandhedid，——withanadmirableobstinacy:thedetailsofwhichwouldbeverywearisometoreaders。Gribeauvalandhe，I
said；forfromthistime，EngineerLefebvre，thoughhetried（withbadskill，thinksTempelhof）somebitsofassaultaboveground，tookmainlytomining，andagrandundergroundinventioncalledGLOBESDECOMPRESSION；whichhereckonedtobetherealsovereignmethod，——unluckythathewas！ImayatleastexplainwhatGLOBEDE
COMPRESSIONis；foritbecomesfamousonthisoccasion，andnonamecouldbelessdescriptiveofthething。NotaGLOBEatall，forthatmatter，norintendedto\"compress，\"buttoEXpress，andshattertopiecesinatranscendentdegree:itis，infact，ahugecubicalmine—chamber，filledbyawoodenbox（tillFriedrich，inhishurry，taughtLefebvrethatasackwoulddoaswell），loadedwith，say，fivethousand—weightofpowder。Sufficienttoblowanyhorn—work，bastion，bulwark，intotheair，——providedyouplantitintherightplace；whichpoorLefebrenevercan。Hetried，withimmenselabor，successivelysomefouroralmostfiveofthese\"PRESSBALLS\"socalled（orVolcanoesinLittle）；miningon，manyyards，15or20feetunderground（tormentedbyGribeauvalalltheway）；thenatlast，explodinghisfivethousand—weight，——wouldproducea\"Funnel，\"orcrater，ofperhaps\"30yardsindiameter，\"
but，alas，\"150yardsOFFanybastion。\"Funnelofnousetohim；——
meresigntohimthathemustgodownintoit，andbeginthereagain；withbetteraim，ifpossible。AndthenGribeauval’stormentings；neverwerethelike！Gribeauvalhas，allroundundertheGlacis，mine—galleries，ormain—roadsforCounter—mining，readytohishand（mine—galleriesbuiltbyFriedrichwhilelatelyproprietor）；thereGribeauvalishearkeningthebeatofLefebvre’spicks:\"Tenyardsfromus，thinkyou？Sixyards？Geta30
hundredweightofchamberreadyforhim！\"Andwill，attherightmoment，blowLefebvre’sgalleryabouthisears；——sometimesburstsinuponhimbodilywithpistolandcutlass，orstillworse，withexplosivesulphur—balls，choke—potsandinfinitudesofmal—odorinstantaneouslydevelopedonLefebvre，——whichmeanwithal，\"Youwillhavetobeginagain，Monsieur！\"EnoughtodriveaLefebvreoutofhiswits。Twice，oroftener，Lefebvre，azealouscreaturebutathin—skinned，flewoutintoopenparoxysm；wept，invokedthegods，threatenedsuicide:sothatFriedrichhadtoconsolehim，\"Courage，youwillmanageit；makechicanesonGribeauval，ashedoesonyou，\"——andsuggestedthatpowder—SACKinsteadofdeal—box，whichwejustmentioned。
Friedrich’spatienceseemstohavebeengreat；butintheendhebegantothinkthetimelong。Hewasinthreesuccessivehead—
quarters，Dittmannsdorf，Peterswaldau，Bogendorf，nearerandnearer；atlengthquitenear（Bogendorfwithinacoupleofmiles）；
andwonderingGazetteersreportedhimonhorseback，examiningminutelytheparallelsandsiege—works，——withasingularindifferencetothecannon—ballsflyingabout（\"Noteasytohitasmallobjectwithcannon！\"），andintentonlyongivingTauentziensuggestions，admonitionsandneworders。Here，priortoBogendorf，arethreesnatchesofwriting，whichsuccessivelyhaveindicationsforus。KINGTOPRINCEHENRI:——
PETERSWALDAU，AUGUST13th，1762（Kinghasjustshiftedhither，August10th，ontheBevern—REICHENBACHscore；continuesheretillSeptember23d）……\"Youarerighttosay，’WeourselvesareourbestAllies。’Iamofthesameopinion；nevertheless，itisacleardutyandcallofprudencetotryandalleviatetheburdenasmuchaspossible:andIowntoyou，thatif，afterallIhavewritten，thethingfailsthistime[asitdoes]，IshallbeobligedtograntMAPGOESHERE——FACINGPAGE152，CHAPXII，BOOK20——————
thatthereisnothingtobemadeofthoseTurks。\"——\"WearenowinthepressofourcrisisastoSchweidnitz。TheSiegeadvancesbeautifully:butBeckiscomehereabouts，Lacymaskedbehindhim；
andIcannotyettellyou[nottillREICHENBACHandthe16th]
whethertheEnemyintendssomebigadventurefordisengagingSchweidnitz，orwillcontenthimselfwithdisturbingandannoyingus。\"
PETERSWALDAU，9thSEPTEMBER。Springs，water—threadscomingintoourminesdelayusalittle:\"bythe12th[in3days’time，littlethinkingitwouldbe30days！]Istillhopetodespatchyouacourierwiththenews，Allisover！YourNephew[PrinceofPrussia]
isoutto—dayassistinginaforage；hebeginstokindleintofineaction。Wearenothingbutpygmiesincomparisontohim[inpointofphysicalstature]；imaginetoyourselfPrinceFranz[ofBrunswick；killed，poorfellow，atHochkirch]，onlytallerstill:
thisisthefigureofhimatpresent。\"
PETERSWALDAU，SEPTEMBER19th……\"OurSiegeweariesalltheworld；
peoplepersecutemetoknowtheendofit；InevergetaBerlinLetterwithoutsomethingonthathead；——andIhavenoresourcemyselfbutpatience。Wedoallwecan:butIcannothindertheenemyfromdefendinghimself，andGribeauvalfrombeingacleverfellow:——soon，however，surelysoon，soon，weshallseetheend。
OurweatherhereislikeDecember；theSeasonsareasmadasthePoliticsofEurope。Finally，mydearBrother，onemustshoveTimeon；dayfollowsday，andatlastweshallcatchtheonethatendsourlabors。Adieu；JEVOUSEMBRASSE。\"[Schoning，iii。403，430，446。]——Herefarther，fromtheSiege—grounditself，aresometraceries，scratchingsbyasurehand，whichyieldussomethingofimage。Dateisstillonly\"BEFORESchweidnitz，\"faronintheeighthweek:——
SEPTEMBER23d。\"Thismorning，before9，theKing[directfromPeterswaldau，wherehehasbeenlodginghitherto，——musthavebreakfastedratherearly]cameintotheLineshere:——hisquarterisnowtobeatBogendorfnearhand，inaFarmhousethere。ThePrinceofPrussiawasridingwithhim，andLieutenant—ColonelvonAnhalt[theAdjutantwhomwehaveheardof]:helookedattheBattery\"
latelyorderedbyhim；\"lookedatmanythings；rodealong，agood100yardsinsideofthevedettes；sothattheEnemynoticedhim，andfiredviolently，\"——Kingdecidedlyignoring。\"ToCaptainBeauvrye[CaptainoftheMiners]hepaidagraciouscompliment；
MajorLefebvreheralliedalittleforlosingheart，forbunglinghisbusiness；butwasnotangrywithhim，consoledhimrather；
banteredhimontheshabbinessofhisequipments，andmadehimagiftof400thalers（60pounds），toimprovethem。Lefebvre，Tauentzienand\"anotherGeneral\"dinedwithhimatBogendorfto—day。\"[\"CaptainGotz’sNOTE—book\"（aconspicuousCaptainhere，Note—bookstillinmanuscript，Ithink）:citedinSCHONING，iii。
453etseq。]
SEPTEMBER24th，EARLY。\"TheKingonhorsebackviewedthetrenches，rodeclosebehindthefirstparallel，alongthemid—mostcommunication—line:theEnemycannonadedatushorribly（ERSCHRECKLICH）；aballstruckdownthePagevonPirch’shorse[Pirchlaywrithing，makingmoan，——plainlyovermuch，thoughttheKing]:onPirch’saccident，too，thePrinceofPrussia’shorsemadeawildplunge，andpitcheditsrideraloftoutofthesaddle；
peoplethoughtthePrincewasshot，andeverybodywasinhorror:
greatwasthecommotion；onlytheKingwasheardcallingwithaclearvoice，’PIRCH，VERGISSERSEINENSATTELNICHT，——Pirch，bringyoursaddlewithyou！’\"
ThisofPirchandthesaddleisanAnecdoteinwidecirculation；
takensometimesasaproofofRoyalthrift；butismainlytheRoyalmodeofrebukingPirchforhisweakbehaviorintheaccidentthathadbefallen。Pirch，aningenioushandykindoffellow，famedforhispranksandtrickeriesinthosePage—days，hadmanyadventuresintheworld；——was，foronewhile，somethingofanotabilityamongtheFrench；will\"teachyouthePrussianmodeofdrill，\"andactuallygotleavetotryit\"ontheGermanRegimentsinourservice:\"[Voltaire’swonderingReportofhim（\"Ferney，7thDecember，1774\"），andFriedrich’squietAnswer（\"Berlin，28thDec。
1774\"）:inOEuvresdeFrederic，xxiii。297，301。Rodenbeck（ii。198—200）haaaslight\"BIOGRAPHY\"ofPirch。]——
died，finally，asColonelofoneofthese，attheSiegeofGibraltar，in1783。
SEPTEMBER25th。\"Morningandnoon，eachtimetwohours，theKingwasinhisnewbatteries；and，withgreatsatisfaction，watchedtheworkingofthem。ThisdaytheredinedwithhimthePrinceofBernburg[GeneralofBrigadehere]，Tauentzien，LefebvreandDieskau\"（headoftheArtillery）。
TheKingisalwaysridingabout；hasnow，virtually，takenchargeoftheSiegehimself。\"InBogendorf，thefirstnight，hedismissedtheGuardsentforhim；wouldhavenothingtherebutsixchasers（JAGER）:\"analarmingcase！\"Afteranightortwo，therecamealways，withouthisknowledge，adragoonpartyof30horse；
tookpostbehindBogendorfChurch，patrolledtowardsKunzendorf，Giesdorf，andhadthreepickets。\"
SEPTEMBER28th。\"Gribeauvalhassprungaminelastnight；\"
totallyblownupLefebvreagain！\"Engineer—LieutenantsGerhardandVonKleistwerewoundedbyourownpeople；CaptainGuyonwasshot:\"
thingsallgoingwrong，——weather，Isuspectalso，bad。\"TheKingwasindreadfulhumor（SEHRUNGNADIG）；ratedandrebukedtorightandleft:’IfitshouldlasttillJanuary，theAttackmustgoon。
Nobodyseemstobeableforhisbusiness；Lefebvreablockhead（DUMMERTEUFEL），whoknowsnothingofmining:theGenerals，too，wherearethey？EveryGeneralhenceforthistotakehisplaceinthethirdparallel，attheheadofhisCovering—Party[mostexposedplaceofall]，andstayhiswholetwenty—fourhoursthere[PrinceofAnhalt—BernburgisCovering—Partytoday；Ihope，inhispostduringthisthunder！]:TakenthePlacecanandmustbe！Wehavethemisfortune，ThatastupidEngineerwhoknowsnothingofhisarthasthedirection；andaGeneralwithoutsenseinSieginghasthecommand。EverybodyisataNONPLUS，itappears！NotallourArtillerycansilencethatFront—fire；notinasingleplacecanThirtystupidMinersgetintotheFort。’To—dayandyesterdaytheKingspokeneithertoGeneralTauentziennortoMajorLefebvre；
Lieutenant—ColonelvonAnhalthadtogivealltheOrders。\"
Anelectrickindofday！
Theweatherisbecomingwet。Infact，thereensuewholeweeksofrain，——thetrenchesswimming，serviceveryhard。Guasco’sgunsaremanyofthemdismounted；noDauntobeheardof。Guascoagainandagainproposesmodifiedcapitulations；answeralways，\"PrisonersofWaronthecommonterms。\"Guascoiswearinglow:OCTOBER7th（LefebvresweatingandpuffingathislastGlobeofExpression，hopingtohitthemarkthislasttime），anaccidentalgrenadefromTauentzien，aboveground，rolledintooneofGuasco’spowder—
vaults；blewit，andagoodspaceofWallalongwithit，intowreck；twodaysafterwhich，GuascohadfinishedhisCapitulating；
——andwegetdonewiththiswearisomeaffair。[Tempelhof，vi。
122—220；TagebuchvonderBelagerungvonSchweidnitzvom7tenAugustbis9tenOctober，1762（Seyfarth，
Beylagen，iii。376—497）；Tielke，&c。&c。]GuascowasinvitedtodinewiththeKing；praisedforhisexcellentdefence。
PrisonersofWarhisGarrisonandhe；about9，000ofthemstillontheirfeet；theirentirelosshadbeen3，552killedandwounded；
thatofthePrussians3，033。PoorGuascodied，inKonigsberg，stillprisoner，beforethePeacecame。
OfAustrianfightinginSilesia，thisprovedtobethelast，inthepresentControversywhichhasenduredsolong。NothoughtoffightingisinDaun；farthereverse。Daunisgettingilloffforhorse—forageinhisMountains；theweatherisbaduponhim；wehear\"hehashad，forsometimepast，12，000laborers\"palisadingandfortifyingatthePassesofBohemia:\"TrucefortheWinter\"iswhatheproposes。TowhichtheKinganswers，\"No；unlessyouretirewhollywithinBohemiaandGlatzCountry:\"thisatpresentDaungrudgedtodo；butwasforcedtoit，someweeksafterwards，bythesleetsandthesnows，hadtherebeennootherpressure。Inaboutthreeweekshence，Friedrich，leavingBevernincommandhere，andaSilesiamoreorlessadjusted，madeforSaxony；whitherimportantreinforcementshadprecededhim，——reinforcementsunderGeneralWied，theinstantitwaspossible。Saxonyhehadlongregardedasthegrandpoint，wereSchweidnitzover:\"RecaptureDresden，andtheywillhavetogiveusPeacethisveryWinter！\"Daun，alsowithreinforcements，followedhimtoSaxony，asusual；butneverquitearrived，orelsefoundmatterssettledonarriving；——andwillnotrequirefarthermentioninthisHistory。Hediedsomethreeyearshence，age60；[\"5thFebruary，1766；\"\"born24thSeptember，1705\"
（HormayrOEster—reichischerPlutarch，ii。
80—111）。]anhonorable，imperturbable，eupeptickindofman，sufficientlyknowntoreadersbythistime。
FriedrichdidnotrecaptureDresden；farenoughfromthat，——thoughPeacecameallthesame。HardlyaweekafterourrecoveryofSchweidnitz，StollbergandhisReichsfolk，especiallyhisAustrians，becameunexpectedlypertuponHenri；pressedforward（October15th），inoverpoweringforce，intohisPostsaboutFreyberg，PretschendorfandthatsouthwesternReich—wardpart:
\"NomoreinvadingsofBohemiafromyou，Monseigneur；nomoretormentingsoftheReich；hereisotherworkforyou，myPrince！\"——
andinspiteofallPrinceHenricoulddo，drovehimback，clearoutofFreyberg；northwestward，towardsHulsenandhisreserves。
[BerichtvondemAngriffsoam15tenOctober，1762，vanderReichs—ArmeeaufdieKongilich—PreussischenunterdemPrinzenHeinrichgeschehen（Seyfarth，Beylagen，iii。362—364）。AusfuhrlicherBerichtvonderden15tenOctober，1762，beyBrandvorgefallenenAction
（Ib。iii。350—362）。Tempelhof，vi。238。]Givinghim，inthismanner，whatsoldierscallaslap；slapwhichmighthavebeenmoreconsiderable，hadthoseStollbergpeoplefolloweditupwithemphasis。Buttheydidnot；soalertwasHenri。Henriatonceralliedbeautifullyfromhisslap（King’sreinforcementscomingtoo，aswehavesaid）；and，intendays’time，withoutanyreinforcement，paidStollbergandCompanybyastunningblow:
BATTLEOFFREYBERG（October29th），——whichmustnotgowithoutmention，wereitonlyasPrinceHenri’ssoleBattle，andthelastofthisWar。Preparatorytowhichanditssequel，letusglanceagainatDukeFerdinandandtheEnglish—Frenchposture，——alsoforthelasttime。
CANNONADEATAMONEBURG（2lstSeptember，1762）。\"ThecontroversiesaboutrightorleftbankoftheFuldahavebeensettledlongsinceinFerdinand’sfavor；whoproceedednexttoblockadethevariousFrenchstrongholdsinHessen；Marburg，Ziegenhayn，especiallyCassel；withaneyetobesiegingthesame，androotingtheFrenchpermanentlyout。Topreventordelaywhich，whatcanSoubiseandD’EstreesdobutsendfortheirsecondarysmallerArmy，whichisintheLower—RhineCountryunderaPrincedeConde，mostlyidleatpresent，tocomeandjointheminthecriticalregionshere。
WhereuponnewControversyshiftingwestwardtotheMaynandNidda—
LahnCountry，toachievesaidJunctionandtohinderit。
Junctionwasnottobehindered。TheD’Estrees—SoubisepeopleandyoungCondemadegoodmanoeuvring，handsomefightonoccasion；
sothatinspiteofalltheErbprinzcoulddo，theygothandsjoined；fartoostrongfortheErbprinzthenceforth；andonthelastnightofAugustwereallfairlytogether，head—quarterFriedberginFrankfurtCountry（athirtymilesnorthofFrankfurt）；
andwereearnestlyconsideringthenownothopelessquestion，’How，orbywhatroutesandmethods，pushtonorthwestward，getthroughtothoseblockadedHessianStrong—places，Casselespecially；
andhinderFerdinand’sbesiegingthem，andquiteoutrootingusthere？’
\"Thisisadifficultquestion，butavital。’SweeprapidlypastFerdinand，——cannotwe？Wellfrontwardoreastwardofhim，dexterouslyacrosstheLahnanditsBranches（ourlightpeoplearetorearofhim，onthissideoftheFulda，betweentheFuldaandhim）:oncejoinedwiththoselightpeoplebysuchmethods，wehaveCasselahead，Ferdinandtorear，andwillmakeshortworkwiththeblockades，——theblockadeswillhavetoriseinahurry！’ThiswastheplandevisedbyD’Estrees；andrapidlysetabout；butitwasseeninto，atthefirststep，byFerdinand，whoprovedstillmorerapiduponit。Campings，counter—campings，crossingsoftheLahnbyD’Estreespeople，thenrecrossingsofit，ensuedforaboveafortnight；whicharenotformentionhere:infine，aboutthemiddleofSeptember，theD’EstreesEnterprisehadplainlybecomeimpossible，unlessitcouldgetacrosstheOhm，——aneastern，orwide—circlingnortheasternBranchoftheLahn，——where，ontherightoreasternbankofwhich，asbetterforhimthantheLahnitselfinthispart，Ferdinandnowis。’AcrosstheOhm:andthat，howcanthatbedone，theprovidentFerdinandhavinglaidholdofOhm，andsecuredeverypassofit，severaldaysago！PerhapsbyaSurprisal；
byextremedespatch？’
\"AmoneburgisapleasantlittleTown，aboutthirtymileseastofMarburg，——inwhichlatterwehavebeen，inveryoldtimes；lookingafterSt。Elizabeth，TeutschRitters，PhiliptheMagnanimousandotherobjects。AmoneburgstandsontheleftorwesternbankoftheOhm，withanoldSchlossinit，andaBridgenearby；bothofwhich，Ferdinand，theleftorsouthmostwingofwhosePositionontheotherbankofOhmishereabouts，hasmadedueseizureof。
SeizureoftheBridge，firstofall，——BridgewithaMillatit（which，inconsequence，iscalledBRUCKEN—MUHLE，Bridge—Mill），——attheeasternendofthisthereisastrongRedoubt，withtheBridge—
wayblockedandrammedaheadofit；thereFerdinandhasput200
men；500moreareacrossinAmoneburganditsoldCastle。Unlessbysurprisalandextremedespateh，thereisclearlynohope！
Ferdinand’shead—quarterissevenoreightmilestonorthwestofthishisBrucken—Muhleandextremeleft；nexttoBrucken—MuhleisZastrow’sDivision；next，again，isGranby’s；severalDivisionsbetweenFerdinandandit；’Doitbysurprisal，byutmostforceofvehemency！’saytheFrench。Andaccordingly，\"SEPTEMBER21st[dayoftheEquinox，1762]，Anhourbeforesunrise，therebegan，quiteonthesudden，avividattackontheBrucken—
MuhleandonAmoneburg，bycannon，bymusketry，byallmethods；
and，inspiteofthealertandcompletelyobstinateresistance，wouldnotcease；but，onthecontrary，seemedtobeontheincreasinghand，newcannon，newmusketries；andwenton，hourafterhour，everthemorevivid。Sothat，about8inthemorning，afterthreehoursofthis，Zastrow，withhisDivision，hadtointervene:torangehimselfontheHill—topbehindthisBrucken—
Muhle；replacetheafflicted200（manyofthemhurt，notafewkilled）byafresh200ofhisown；whoagainneededtoberelievedbeforelong。FortheFrench，whomZastrowhadtoimitateinthatrespect，keptbringingupmorecannon，evermore，asiftheywouldbringupallthecannonoftheirArmy:andthererosebetweenZastrowandthemsuchacannonade，forlengthandloudnesstogether，ashadnotbeenheardinthisWar。Mostfuriouscannonading，musketading；andseeminglynoendtoit。
Ferdinandhimselfcameovertoascertain；founditahotthingindeed。Zastrowhadtorelievehis200everyhour:’Don’tgodowninrank，younewones，’orderedhe——’slide，leap，descendthehill—
faceinscatteredform:rankatthebottom！’——andgenerallyabouthalfoftheold200wereleftdeadorlamedbytheirhour’swork。
’TheyintendtohavethisBridgefromusatanycost，’thinksFerdinand；’andatanycosttheyshallnot！’And，intheend，ordersGranbyforwardinroomofZastrow，whohashadsomeeighthoursofitnow；andrideshometolookafterhismainquarters。
\"Itwasabout4intheafternoonwhenGranbyandhisEnglishcameintothefire；andIratherthinktheFrenchonslaughtwas，ifanything，morefuriousthanever:——Despairstridingvisiblyforwardonit，orsomethingtoolikeDespair。Amoneburgtheyhadbatteredtopieces，WallandSchloss，sothatthe500hadtogroundarms:
butnotaninchofwayhadtheymadeupontheBridge，norwereliketomake。Granbycontinuedontheoldplan，plyingallhisdiligencesandartilleries；needingthemall。Fierceworktoadegree:’200ofyougodownonwings’（inanhourabout100willcomeback）！InEnglishFamiliesyouwillstillhearsomevaguememoryofAmoneburg，Howwehadbuiltwallsofthedead，andfiredfrombehindthem，——Frenchmoreandmorefurious，wemoreandmoreobstinate。Granbyhadstillfourhoursofit；sunset，twilight，dusk；about8，theFrench，inwhatspiritsIcanguess，ceased，andwenttheirways。Bridgeimpossible；gameup。Theyhadlost，bytheirownaccount，1，100killedandwounded；Ferdinandprobablynotfewer。\"[Mauvillon，ii。251；Helden—Geschichte，vii。432—439。]
Andinthisloudpeal，whatnonecouldyetknow，theFrench—EnglishpartoftheSeven—YearsWarhadended。TheFrenchattemptednothingfarther；huttedthemselveswheretheywere，andwaitedinthepouringrains:Ferdinandalsohuttedhimself，inguardoftheOhm；
whilehispeoplepliedtheirSiege—batteriesonCassel，onZiegenhayn，cannonadingtheirbestinthebadweather；——tookCassel，didnotquitetakeZiegenhayn，haditbeenofmoment；——andforabovesixweekscoming（tillNovember7th—14th[PreliminariesofPeaceSIGNED，\"Paris，November3d；\"knowntoFrenchGenerals\"November7th；\"not，OFFICIALLY，toFerdinandtill\"November14th\"
（Mauvillon，ii。257）。]），nothingmorebutskirmishingsandsmallscuffles，notworthawordfromus，felloutbetweentheTwoPartiesthere。ThatCannonadeoftheBrucken—Muhlehadbeenfinis。
ForsupremeBute，carelessofthegoodnewscominginonhimfromWestandfromEast，orevenratherembarrassedbythem，hadsometimeagostarteddecisivelyuponthePeaceNegotiation。
\"September5th，\"threeweeksbeforethatofAmoneburg，\"theDukeofBedford，Bute’sPlenipotentiary，setouttowardsParis，——
considerablyhissedonthestreetherebyasulkypopulation，\"itwouldseem；——\"butsureofsuccessinParis。ButesharedinnoneofthenationaltriumphsofthisYear。ThetransportsofrejoicingwhichburstoutonthenewsofHavana\"wereasorrowanddistresstohim。[Walpole’sGeorgetheThird，
ii。191。]\"Havana，whatshallwedowithit？\"thoughthe；andforhisownshareansweredstiffly，\"Nothingwithit；flingitbacktothem！\"——tillsomeconsortofhispersuadedhimFloridawouldlookbetter。[Thackeray，ii。11。]OfManillaandthePhilippineshedidnotevenheartillPeacewasconcluded；hadmadetheMostCatholicCarlosapresentofthatColony，——whowouldnotevenpayoursoldierstheirManillaRansom，astoodisagreeable。SuchistheBute，suchandnoother，whomthesatiricalFateshaveappointedtocrownandfinishofftheheroicDay’s—workofsuchaPitt。Letus，ifwecanhelpit，speaknomoreofhim！FriedrichwritesbeforeleavingforSaxony:\"ThePeacebetweentheEnglishandtheFrenchismuchfartheroffthanwasthought；——somanyoppositionsdotheSpaniardsraise，orratherdotheFrench，——busydupingthisbuzzardofanEnglishMinister，whohasnotcommonsense。\"[Schoning，iii。
480（ToHenri:\"Peterswaldau，17thOctober，1762\"）。]Neverfear，yourMajesty:amanwithHavanasandManillasofthatkindtoflingaboutatrandom，iscertaintobringPeace，ifresolvedonit！——
Wesaid，PrinceHenriralliedbeautifullyfromhislittleslapandlossofFreyberg（October15th），andthattheKingwassendingWiedwithreinforcementstohim。Infact，PrinceHenriofhimselfwasallalertness，andinstantlyappearedontheHeightsagain；
seeminglyquiteinsanguinaryhumor，andcourtingBattle，muchmorethanwasyetreallythecase。WhichcowedStollbergfrommeddlingwithhimfarther，ashemighthavedone。NotforsometendayshadHenrifinishedhisarrangements；andthen，undercloudofnight（28th—29thOCTOBER，1762），hedidbreakforwardonthoseSpittelwaldsandMichael’sMounts，andmultipleximpregnabilitiesaboutFreyberg，inwhatwasthoughtaveryshiningmanner。
TheBATTLEOFFREYBERG，Ithink，isfiveorsixmileslong，allonthewest，andfinallyonthesouthwestsideofFreyberg（northandnorthwestsides，withsomanybatteriesandfortifiedvillages，arejudgedunattackable）；andthemainstress，veryheavyforsometime，layintheabatisoftheSpittelwald（whereSeidlitzwassublime），andabouttherootsofSt。Michael’sMount（theTOPofitStollberg，orsomefoolishGeneralofStollberg’s，hadleftempty；
nobodytherewhenwereachedthetop），——downfromwhich，Freybergnowlyingfreeaheadofus，andtheSpittelwaldonourleftnowalsoours，wetakeStollberginrear，andturnhiminsideout。
TheBattlelastedonlythreehours，tillStollbergandhisMaguires，CampitellisandAustrians（especiallyhisReichsfolk，whodidnoworkatall，exceptatlastrunning），wereallunderway；
andthehopesofsomeSaxonVictorytobalanceone’sdisgracesinSilesiahadaltogethervanished。[Beschreibungderam29stenOctober，1762，beyFreybergvorgefallenenSchlacht（Seyfarth，Beylagen，iii。365—376）。
Tempelhof，vi。235—258；Helden—Geschichte，
vii。177—181。]
OfAustriansandReichsfolktogetherIdimlycountabout40，000inthisAction；PrinceHenriseemstohavebeenwellunder30，000。
[\"29battalions，60squadrons，\"VERSUS\"49battalions，68
squadrons\"（Schoning，iii。499）。]IwillgivePrinceHenri’sDESPATCHtohisBrother（amostmodestPiece）；andcannotaffordtosaymoreofthematter，——exceptthat\"Wegfurth，\"whereHenrigetsonmarchthenightbefore，lies8ormoremileswest—by—northofFreybergandtheSpittelwald，andisaboutasfarstraightsouthfromHainichen，Gellert’sbirthplace，whoafterwardsgottheWar—
horsenowcomingintoaction，——Isometimesthink，withwhatsurprisetothatquadruped！
PRINCEHENRITOTHEKING（Battlejustdone；KingontheroadfromSilesiahither，LettermeetshimatLowenberg）。
\"FREYBERG，29thOctober，1762。
\"MYDEARESTBROTHER，——Itisahappinessformetosendyoutheagreeablenews，ThatyourArmyhasthisdaygainedaconsiderableadvantageoverthecombinedAustrianandReichsArmy。Imarchedyesternight；IhadgotonthroughWegfurth，leavingSpittelwald[Tempelhof，p。237。]tomyleft，withintenttoseize[storm，ifnecessary]theHeightofSt。Michael，——whenIcameupontheEnemy’sArmy。Imadetwotrueattacks，andtwofalse:theEnemyresistedobstinately；butthesustainedvalorofyourtroopsprevailed:
and，afterthreehoursinfire，theEnemywasobligedtoyieldeverywhere。Idon’tyetknowthenumberofPrisoners；buttheremustbeabove4，000:——theReichsArmyhaslostnexttonothing；
thestressofeffortfelltotheAustrianshare。WehavegotquantitiesofCannonandFlags；Lieutenant—GeneralRothoftheReichsArmyisamongourPrisoners。Ireckonwehavelostfrom2to3，000men；amongthemnoOfficerofmark。Lieutenant—GeneralvonSeidlitzrenderedmethehighestservices；inaplacewheretheCavalrycouldnotact[borderoftheSpittelwald，anditsimpassableentanglementsandobstinacies]，heputhimselfattheheadoftheInfantry，anddidsignalservices[hisBattlemainly，schemingandall，saysomeill—naturedprivateaccounts]；
GeneralsBellingandKleist[renownedColonelsknowntous，nowbecomeMajor—Generals]didtheirverybest。AlltheInfantrywasadmirable；notonebattalionyieldedground。MyAide—de—Camp[Kalkreuth，afamousmanintheNapoleontimeslongafter]，whobringsyouthis，hadchargeofassistingtoconducttheattackthroughtheSpittelwald[anddiditwell，wecansuppose]:if，onthatground，youpleasedtohavethegoodnesstoadvancehim，I
shouldhavemyhumblethankstogiveyou。ThereareagoodmanyOfficerswhohavedistinguishedthemselvesandbehavedwithcourage，forwhomIshallpresentsimilarrequests。Youwillpermitmetopaythosewhohavetakencannonsandflags（100ducatspercannon，50perflag，orwhateverthetariffwas:——\"Byallmannerofmeans！\"hisMajestywouldanswer]。
\"TheEnemyisretiringtowardsDresdenandDippoldiswalde。Iamsendingathisheelsthisnight，andshallheartheresult。
MyAide—de—Campisacquaintedwithall，andwillbeabletorenderyouaccountofeverythingyoumaywishtoknowinregardtoourpresentcircumstances。GeneralWied，Ibelieve，willcrossElbeto—morrow[GeneralWied，with10，000tohelpus，——forwhomitwastoodangeroustowait，orperhapstherewasaspuronone’sownmind？]；hisarrivalwouldbe[not\"wouldhavebeen:\"CELA
VIENDRAIT，notevenVIENDRA]veryopportuneforme。Iam，withallattachment，mydearestBrother，——yourmostdevotedServantandBrother，——HENRI。\"[Schoning，iii。491，492。]
To—morrow，incipher，goesthefollowingDespatch:——
\"FREYBERG，30thOctober，1762。
\"GeneralWied[notyetcometohand，orevengotacrossElbe]
informsme，ThatPrinceAlbertofSaxony[pushinghitherwithreinforcement，sentbyDaun]musthavecrossedElbeyesterdayatPirna[didnotshowfacehere，withhislargereinforcementstothem，orwhatwouldhavebecomeofus！]；——andthatforthisreasonhe，Wied，musthimselfcross；whichhewillto—morrow。ThesamedayIamtobejoinedbysomebattalionsfromGeneralHulsen；andthedayafterto—morrow，whenGeneralWied[comingbyMeissenBridge，itappears]shallhavereachedtheKatzenhauser，thewholeofGeneralHulsen’stroopswilljoinme。DirectlythereuponIshall——\"
[Schoning，p。493。]OrnomoreofthatsecondDespatch；Friedrich’sLETTERINRESPONSEisbetterworthgiving:——
\"LOWENBERG，2dNovember，1762。
\"MYDEARBROTHER，——ThearrivalofKalkreuter[sohepersistsincallinghim]，andofyourLetter，mydearBrother，hasmademetwenty[nottosayforty]yearsyounger:yesterdayIwassixty，to—dayhardlyeighteen。IblessHeavenforpreservingyouinhealth（BONNESANTE，\"sowetermescapeoflesioninfight）；\"andthatthingshavepassedsohappily！Youtookthegoodstepofattackingthosewhomeanttoattackyou；and，byyourgoodandsolidmeasures（DISPOSITIONS），youhaveovercomeallthedifficultiesofastrongPostandavigorousresistance。ItisaservicesoimportantrenderedbyyoutotheState，thatIcannotenoughexpressmygratitude，andwillwaittodoitinperson。
\"KalkreuterwillexplainwhatmotionsI——……IfFortunefavorourviewsonDresden[whichitcannotintheleast，atthislateseason]，weshallindubitablyhavePeacethisWinterornextSpring，——andgethonorablyoutofadifficultandperilousconjuncture，wherewehaveoftenseenourselveswithintwostepsoftotaldestruction。And，bythiswhichyouhavenowdone，toyoualonewillbelongthehonorofhavinggiventhefinalstroketoAustrianObstinacy，andlaidthefoundationsofthePublicHappiness，whichwillbetheconsequenceofPeace。——F。\"[Ib。iii。
495，496。]
Twodaysafterthis，November4th，FriedrichisinMeissen；
November9th，hecomesacrosstoFreyberg；haspleasantday，——
pleasantsurveyoftheBattle—field，HenriandSeidlitzescortingasguides。Henri，infurtheranceoftheDresdenproject，hasKleistoutontheBohemianMagazines，——\"ThatistheonewaytoclearDresdenneighborhoodofEnemies！\"thinksHenrialways。KleistburnstheconsiderablemagazineofSaatz；findsthegrandoneofLeitmeritztoowellguardedforhim:——uponwhich，insuchsnowdriftsandsleetydeluges，isnotDresdenplainlyimpossible，yourMajesty？Impossible，Friedrichadmits，——theratherashenowseesPeacetobecomingwithoutthat。FreyberghasatlastbrokenthebackofAustrianObstinacy。\"GoinupontheReich，\"FriedrichnowordersKleist，theinstantKleistishomefromhisBohemianinroad:\"InupontheReich，with6，000，inyouroldstyle！ThatwilldisposetheReichsPrincipalitiestoPeace。\"
KleistmarchedNovember3d；kepttheReichinparoxysmtillDecember13th；——Plotho，meanwhile，proclaimingintheReichsDiet:
\"SuchReichsPrincesaswishforPeacewithmyKingcanhaveit；
thosethatpreferWar，theytoocanhaveit！\"Kleist，dividinghimselfinthedueartisticway，flewovertheVoigtland，ontoBamberg，ontoNurnbergitself（whichhetook，bysoundingrams’—
horns，asitwere，havingnogunheavierthanacarbine，andheldforaweek）；[Helden—Geschichte，vii。
186—194。]——flutteringtheReichsDietnotalittle，anddisposingeverybodyforPeace。TheAustrianssawitwithpleasure，\"Wesolemnlyengagedtosavethesepoorpeopleharmless，ontheirjoiningus；——and，behold，ithasbecomethriceandfourtimesimpossible。LetthemfalloffintoPeace，likeripepears，ofthemselves；wecanthenturnroundandsay，’Saveyouharmless？
Yes；ifyouhadn’tfallenoff！’\"
NOVEMBER24th，allAustriansmaketrucewithFriedrich，TrucetillMarch1st；——allAustrians，andwhatissingular，withnomentionoftheReichwhatever。TheReichisdefenceless，atthefeetofKleistandhis6，000。StollbergisstillinPrussianneighborhood；andmaybepickedupanyday！StollberghastensofftodefendtheReich；
findstheReichquiteemptyofenemiesbeforehisarrival；——andatleastsaveshisownskin。Amonthortwomore，andStollbergwilllaydownhisCommand，andthelastReichs—ExecutionArmy，playingFarce—Tragedysolong，makeitsexitfromtheTheatreofthisWorld。
ChapterXIII。
PEACEOFHUBERTSBURG。
ThePrussiantroopstookWinter—quartersintheMeissen—Freybergregion，theoldSaxonground，familiartothemforthelastthreeyears:roomenoughthisWinter，\"fromPlauenandZwickau，roundbyLangensalzaagain；\"Trucewitheverybody，andnothingofdisturbancetillMarch1statsoonest。Theusualrecruitingwenton，orwaspreparingtogoon，——apartofwhichtookimmediateeffect，asweshallsee。Recruiting，refitting，\"BereadyforanewCampaign，inanycase:thereadierweare，thelessourchanceofhavingone！\"Friedrich’shead—quarterisLeipzig；buttillDecember5thhedoesnotgetthither。\"Morebusinessonmethanever！\"
complainshe。AtLeipzighehadhisNephews，hisD’Argens；foraweekortwohisBrotherHenri；finally，hisBerlinMinisters，especiallyHerzberg，whenactualPeacecametobethematterinhand。Henri，beforethat，hadgonehome:\"Peacebeingnowthelikelihood；——Home；andrecruitone’spoorhealth，atBerlin，amongfriends！\"
BeforegettingtoLeipzig，theKingpaidaflyingVisitatGotha；——
probablynowtheonefractionofthesemanifoldWintermovementsandemployments，inwhichreaderscouldtakeinterest。Ofthis，astherehappenstobesomerecordleftofit，hereiswhatwillsuffice。FromMeissen，FriedrichwritestohisbrightGrand—
Duchess，alwaysabright，highandnoblecreatureinhiseyes:
\"Authorizedbyyourapproval[haspolitelyinquiredbeforehand]，I
shallhavetheinfinitesatisfactionofpayingmydutiesonDecember3d[fourdayshence]，andofreiteratingtoyou，Madam，myliveliestandsincerestassurancesofesteemandfriendship……
SomeofmyCommissariatpeoplehavebeenmisbehaving？
Strictinquiryshallbehad，\"[TotheGrand—Duchess，\"Meissen，29thNovember\"（OEuvresdeFrederic，xviii。
199）。]——andwesoonfindWAS。ButtheVisitisourfirstthing。
TheVisittookplaceaccordingly；Seidlitz，amanknowninGothaeversincehisfinescenic—militaryprocedurestherein1757，accompaniedtheKing。Ofthelucentindividualitiesinvitedtomeethim，allarenowlosttome，exceptonePutter，areallylearnedGottingenProfessor（deepinREICHS—HISTORYandthelike），whomtheDuchesshassummonedover。BythedimlucencyofPutter，fainttomostofusasarushlightintheactofgoingout，theavailablepartofourimaginationmusttrytofigure，inakindofObliterated—Rembrandtway，thisgloriousEvening；fortherewasbutone，——December3d—4th，——Friedrichhavingtoleaveearlyonthe4th。
HereisPutter’srecord，giveninthethirdperson:——
\"Duringdinner，Putter，honorablypresentamongthespectatorsofthishighbusiness，wasbeckonedbytheDuchesstostepneartheKing[righthandorleft，Putterdoesnotsay]；buttheKinggraciouslyturnedround，andconversedwithPutter。\"
TheKingsaid:——
KING。\"InGermanHistorymuchisstillburied；manyimportantDocumentsliehiddeninMonasteries。\"Putteranswered\"schicklich——
fitly；\"thatisallweknowofPutter’sanswer。
KING（thereupon）。\"OfBooksonReichs—HistoryIknowonlythePERE
BARRI。\"[BarrideBeaumarchais，10vols。4to，Paris，1748:Ibelieve，anextremelyfeeblePillarofWill—o’—WispsbyNight；——asIcanexpresslytestifyPfeffeltobe（Pfeffel，AbregeChronologiquedel’Histoired’Allemagne，2vols。4to，Paris，1776），whohassucceededBarriasPatentGuidethroughthatvastSYLVASYLVARUMauditspathlessintricacies，fortheinquiringFrenchandEnglish。]
PUTTER……\"Foreignershaveformostpartknownonly，inregardtoourHistory，aLatinworkwrittenbyStruveatJena。\"
[BurkhardGotthelfStruve，SyntagmaHistoriaeGermanicus（1730，2vols。folio）。]
KING。\"Struv，Struvius；himIdon’tknow。\"
PUTTER。\"ItisapityBarrihadnotknownGerman。\"
KING。\"BarriwasaLorrainer；BarrimusthaveknownGerman！\"——ThenturningtotheDuchess，onthishintabouttheGermanLanguage，hetoldher，\"inaringingmerrytone，How，atLeipzigonce，hehadtalkedwithGottsched[talkknowntous]onthatsubject，andhadsaidtohim，ThattheFrenchhadmanyadvantages；amongothers，thatawordcouldoftenbeusedinacomplexsignification，forwhichyouhadinGermantoscrapetogetherseveraldifferentexpressions。UponwhichGottschedhadsaid，’Wewillhavethatmended（DASWOLLENWIRNOCHMACHEN）！’ThesewordstheKingrepeatedtwiceorthrice，withsuchatonethatyoucouldwellseehowtheman’sconceithadstruckhim；\"——andinshort，asweknowalready，whatagiganticentity，consistingofwindmainly，hetookthiselevatedGottschedtobe。
Uponwhich，Putterretiresintothehonoraryranksagain；
silent，atleasttous，andinvisible；astherestofthisRoyalEveningatGothais。[\"Putter’sSelbstbiographie（Autobiography），p。406:\"citedinPreuss，ii。277n。]
Here，however，istheLetterfollowingonittwodaysafter:——
FRIEDRICHTOTHEDUCHESSOFSACHSEN—GOTHA。
\"LEIPZIG，6thDecember，1762。
\"MADAM，——Ishouldneverhavedone，myadorableDuchess，ifI
renderedyouaccountofalltheimpressionswhichthefriendshipyoulavishedonmehasmadeonmyheart。Icouldwishtoansweritbyenteringintoeverythingthatcanbeagreeabletoyou[conductofmyRecruitersorCommissariatpeoplefirstofall]。ItakethelibertyofforwardingtheANSWERSwhichhavecomeintotheTwoMEMOIRESyousentme。Iammortified，Madam，ifIhavenotbeenabletofulfilcompletelyyourdesires:butifyouknewthesituationIamin，Iflattermyselfyouwouldhavesomeconsiderationforit。
\"Ihavefoundmyselfhere[inLeipzig，aselsewhere]overwhelmedwithbusiness，andeventoadegreeIhadnotexpected。
Meanwhile，ifIevercanmanageagaintorunoverandpayyouinpersonthehomageofaheartwhichismoreattachedtoyouthanthatofyournearrelations，assuredlyIwillnotneglectthefirstopportunitythatshallpresentitself。
\"MessieurstheEnglish[Bute，BedfordandCompany，withtheirPreliminariessigned，andallmyWestphalianProvincesleftinaconditionweshallhearof]continuetobetray。PoorM。Mitchellhashadastrokeofapoplexyonhearingit。Itisahideousthing（CHOSEAFFREUSE）；butIwillspeakofitnomore。Mayyou，Madam，enjoyalltheprosperitiesthatIwishforyou，andnotforgetaFriend，whowillbetillhisdeath，withsentimentsofthehighestesteemandthemostperfectconsideration，——Madam，yourHighness’smostfaithfulCousinandServant，FRIEDRICH。\"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xzvii。201。]
Forafortnightpast，FriedrichhashadnodoubtthatgeneralPeaceisnowactuallyathand。November25th，tendaysbeforethisvisit，aSaxonPrivy—Councillor，BaronvonFritsch，who，byOrderfromhisCourt，hadprivatelybeenatViennaontheerrand，cameprivatelynext，withallspeed，toFriedrich（Meissen，November25th）:
[Rodenbeck，ii。193。]\"AustriawillingforTreaty；isyourMajestywilling？\"\"Thrice—willing，I；mytermswellknown！\"Friedrichwouldanswer，——gladdestofmankindtoseegeneralPacificationcomingtothisvexedEarthagain。TheDanceoftheFuries，waltzingitselfoff，HOMEoutofthisuppersunlight:themadBellonasteedsplungingdown，down，towardstheirAbyssesagain，foraseason！——
ThiswasaresultwhichFriedrichhadforeseenasnearlycertaineversincetheFrenchandEnglishsignedtheirPreliminaries。
Andtherewasonlyonethingwhichgavehimanxiety；thatofhisRhineProvincesandStrongPlaces，especiallyWesel，whichhavebeeninFrenchhandsforsixyearspast，eversinceSpring，1757。
ButestipulatesThatthoseplacesandcountriesshallbeevacuatedbyhisChoiseul，assoonasweatherandpossibilitypermit；
butBute，astonishingtosay，hasnotmadetheleaststipulationastowhomtheyaretobedeliveredto，——alliesorenemies，itisallonetoBute。Trulyratherashamefulomission，Pittmightindignantlythink，——andcallthewholebusinesssteadily，ashepersistedtodo，\"ashamefulPeace，\"hadtherebeennootherarticleinitbutthis；——asFriedrich，withatleastequalemphasisthoughtandfelt。And，infact，ithadthrownhimintoverygreatembarrassment，onthefirstemergenceofit。
ForherImperialMajestybeganstraightwaytodrawtroopsintothoseneighborhoods:\"WEwilltakedelivery，ourAlliesplayingintoourhand！\"AndFriedrich，whohadnodisposabletroops，hadtodevisesomerapidexpedient；anddid。SethisFree—Corpsagentsandrecruitersinmotion:\"EnlistmethoseLightpeopleofDukeFerdinand’s，whoareallgettingdischarged；especiallythatBRITANNICLEGIONsocalled。Alltobedischarged；re—enlistthem，you；Ferdinandwillkeepthemtillyoudoit。Beswift！\"Anditisdone；——asmallbitofactualenlistmentamongthemanyprospectivethatweregoingon，aswenoticedabove。Precisedateofitnotgiven；musthavebeensoonafterNovember3d。Therewerefrom5to6，000ofthem；anditwaspromptlydone。Dividedintovariousregiments；chiefcommandofthemgiventoaColonelBauer，underwhomaColonelBeckwithwhosenamewehaveheard:these，tothesurpriseofImperialMajesty，andalarmofapacificVersailles，suddenlyappearedintheCleveCountries，handyforWesel，forGeldern；insuchposts，andinsuchforceandconditionasintimated，\"Itshallbewe，underfavor，thattakedelivery！\"
SnatchWeselfromthem，somenight，swordinhand:thathadbeenBauer’snotion；butnothingofthatkindwasfoundnecessary；
meredemonstrationprovedsufficient。TotheFrenchGarrisonstheonethingneedfulwastogetawayinpeace；Bauerwithhisbrowsgloomyisadangerousneighbor。PerhapstheFrenchOfficersthemselvesratherfavoredFriedrichthanhisenemies。Enough，aprivateagreement，ormutualunderstandingonwordofhonor，wascometo:and，verypublicly，atlength，onthe11thand12thdaysofMarch，1763（Peacenowsettledeverywhere），Wesel，ingreatgala，fulloffield—music，militarysalutationsandmutualdining，sawtheFrenchallfilingout，audBauerandpeoplefilingin，tothejoyofthatpoorTown。[Preuss，ii。342。]