whereyoureposeonyourlaurels，andcanphilosophizewithacalmmindonthedeliriumsofmen！Iwishyouallthehappinessimaginable。IfFortuneeverfavorusagain，countonallmygratitude。Iwillneverforgetthemarksofattachmentwhichyouhavegiven；mysensibilityisyourwarrant；Iamneverhalf—and—
halfafriend，andIshallalwaysbewhollysoofBrotherVoltaire。——WILHELMINA。
\"ManycomplimentstoMadameDenis。Continue，Iprayyou，towritetotheKing。\"[InVoltaire，ii。197—199；
lxxvii。57。]
VOLTAIRETOWILHELMINA（Dayuncertain:THEDELICES，SEPTEMBER，1757）。——\"Madam，myheartistouchedmorethaneverbythegoodnessandtheconfidenceyourRoyalHighnessdeignstoshowme。HowcanI
bebutmeltedbyemotion！Iseethatitissolelyyournoblenessofsoulthatrendersyouunhappy。Ifeelmyselfborntobeattachedwithidolatrytosuperiorandsympatheticminds，whothinklikeyou。\"YouknowhowmuchIhavealways，essentiallyandatheart，beenattachedtotheKingyourBrother。Themoremyoldageistranquil，andcometorenounceeverything，andmakemyretreathereahomeandcountry，themoreamIdevotedtothatPhilosopher—King。
IwritenothingtohimbutwhatIthinkfromthebottomofmyheart，nothingthatIdonotthinkmosttrue；andifmyLetter[dissuasiveofseekingDeath；wait，reader]appearstoyourRoyalHighnesstobesuitable，Ibegyoutoprotectitwithhim，asyouhavedonetheforegoing。\"[InVoltaire，
lxxvii。37，39。]
4。FRIEDRICHTOWILHELMINA，AND，BYANTICIPATION，HERANSWER（ThirdoftheProsePieces）。——\"KIRSCHLEBEN，NEARERFURT，17thSEPTEMBER，1757。——MydearestSister，IfindnootherconsolationbutinyourpreciousLetters。MayHeavenrewardsomuchvirtueandsuchheroicsentiments！
\"SinceIwrotelasttoyou，mymisfortuneshavebutgoneonaccumulating。ItseemsasthoughDestinywoulddischargeallitswrathandfuryuponthepoorCountrywhichIhadtoruleover。
TheSwedeshaveenteredPommern。TheFrench，afterhavingconcludedaNeutralityhumiliatingtotheKingofEnglandandthemselves[Kloster—Zeven，whichweknow]，areinfullmarchuponHalberstadtandMagdeburg。FromPreussenIamindailyexpectationofhearingofabattlehavingbeenfought:theproportionofcombatantsbeing25，000against80，000[wasfought，Gross—Jagersdorf，30thAugust，andlostaccordingly]。TheAustrianshavemarchedintoSilesia，whitherthePrinceofBevernfollowsthem。IhaveadvancedthiswaytofalluponthecorpsofthealliedArmy；whichhasrunoff，andintrencheditself，behindEisenach，amongsthills，whithertofollow，stillmoretoattackthem，allrulesofwarforbid。
ThemomentIretiretowardsSaxony，thiswholeswarmwillbeuponmyheels。Happenwhatmay，Iamdetermined，atallrisks，tofalluponwhatevercorpsoftheenemyapproachesmenearest。IshallevenblessHeavenforitsmercy，ifitgrantmethefavortodieswordinhand。
\"Shouldthishopefailme，youwillallowthatitwouldbetoohardtocrawlatthefeetofacompanyoftraitors，towhomsuccessfulcrimeshavegiventheadvantagetoprescribethelawtome。How，mydear，myincomparableSister，howcouldIrepressfeelingsofvengeanceandofresentmentagainstallmyneighbors，ofwhomthereisnotonewhodidnotacceleratemydownfall，andwillnot，shareinourspoils？HowcanaPrincesurvivehisState，thegloryofhisCountry，hisownreputation？ABavarianElector，inhisnonage[SonofthelatepoorKaiser，andleft，shipwreckedinhisseventeenthyear]，orratherinasortofsubjectiontohisMinisters，anddulltothebiddingsofhonor，maygivehimselfupasaslavetotheimperiousdominationoftheHouseofAustria，andkissthehandwhichoppressedhisFather:Ipardonittohisyouthandhisineptitude。Butisthattheexampleformetofollow？No，dearSister，youthinktoonoblytogivemesuchmean（LACHE）advice。
IsLiberty，thatpreciousprerogative，tobelessdeartoaSovereignintheeighteenthcenturythanitwastoRomanPatriciansofold？Andwhereisitsaid，thatBrutusandCatoshouldcarrymagnanimityfartherthanPrincesandKings？Firmnessconsistsinresistingmisfortune:butonlycowardssubmittotheyoke，bearpatientlytheirchains，andsupportoppressiontranquilly。
Never，mydearSister，couldIresolveuponsuchignominy……
\"IfIhadfollowedonlymyowninclinations，Ishouldhaveendedit（JEMESERAISDEPECHE）atonce，afterthatunfortunateBattlewhichIlost。ButIfeltthatthiswouldbeweakness，andthatitbehoovedmetorepairtheevilwhichhadhappened。MyattachmenttotheStateawoke；Isaidtomyself，Itisnotinseasonsofprosperitythatitisraretofinddefenders，butinadversity。
Imadeitapointofhonorwithmyselftoredressallthathadgotoutofsquare；inwhichIwasnotunsuccessful；notevenintheLausitz[afterthoseZittaudisasters]lastofall。ButnosoonerhadIhastenedthiswaytofacenewenemies，thanWinterfeldwasbeatenandkillednearGorlitz，thantheFrenchenteredtheheart，ofmyStates，thantheSwedesblockadedStettin。Nowthereisnothingeffectiveleftformetodo:therearetoomanyenemies。
WereIeventosucceedinbeatingtwoarmies，thethirdwouldcrushme。TheenclosedNote[incipher]willshowyouwhatIamstillabouttotry:itisthelastattempt。
\"Thegratitude，thetenderaffection，whichIfeeltowardsyou，thatfriendship，trueasthehills，constrainsmetodealopenlywithyou。No，mydivineSister，IshallconcealnothingfromyouthatIintendtodo；allmythoughts，allmyresolutionsshallbeopenandknowntoyouintime。Iwillprecipitatenothing:butalsoitwillbeimpossibleformetochangemysentiments……
\"Asforyou，myincomparableSister，Ihavenotthehearttoturnyoufromyourresolves。Wethinkalike，andIcannotcondemninyouthesentimentswhichIdailyentertain（EPROUVE）。Lifehasbeengiventousasabenefit:whenitceasestobesuch\"——！\"Ihavenobodyleftinthisworld，toattachmetoit，butyou。Myfriends，therelationsIlovedmost，areinthegrave；inshort，Ihavelost，everything。IfyoutaketheresolutionwhichIhavetaken，weendtogetherourmisfortunesandourunhappiness；anditwillbetheturnofthemwhoremaininthisworld，toprovidefortheconcernsfallingtotheircharge，andtobeartheweight，whichhaslainonussolong。These，myadorableSister，aresadreflections，butsuitabletomypresentcondition。
\"ThedaybeforeyesterdayIwasatGotha[yes，seeabove；——andto—morrow，ifIknewit，Seidlitzwithpictorialeffectswillbethere]……
\"But，itistimetoendthislong，drearyLetter；whichtreatsalmostofnothingbutmyownaffairs。Ihavehadsomeleisure，andhaveusedittoopenonyouaheartfilledwithadmirationandgratitudetowardsyou。Yes，myadorableSister，ifProvidencetroubleditselfabouthumanaffairs，yououghttobethehappiestpersonintheUniverse。Yournotbeingsuch，confirmsmeinthesentimentsexpressedattheendofmyEPITRE。Inconclusion，believethatIadoreyou，andthatIwouldgivemylifeathousandtimestoserveyou。Thesearethesentimentswhichwillanimatemetothelastbreathofmylife；being，mybelovedSister，ever\"——
Your——F。[OEuvres，xxvii。i，303—307。]
WILHELMINA’SANSWER，——byanticipation，aswesaid:written\"15thSeptember，\"whileFriedrichwasdiningatGotha，inquestofSoubise。
\"BAIREUTH，15thSEPTEMBER，1757。MydearestBrother，yourLetterandtheoneyouwrotetoVoltaire，mydearBrother，havealmostkilledme。Whatfatalresolutions，greatGod！Ah，mydearBrother，yousayyouloveme；andyoudriveadaggerintomyheart。
YourEPITRE，whichIdidreceive，mademeshedriversoftears。
Iamnowashamedofsuchweakness。Mymisfortunewouldbesogreat\"
intheissuetherealludedto，\"thatIshouldfindworthierresourcesthantears。Yourlotshallbemine:IwillnotsurviveeitheryourmisfortunesorthoseoftheHouseIbelongto。Youmaycalculatethatsuchismyfirmresolution。
\"But，afterthisavowal，allowmetoentreatyoutolookbackatwhatwasthepitiablestateofyourEnemywhenyoulaybeforePrag！
ItisthesuddenwhirlofFortuneforbothparties。Thelikecanoccuragain，whenoneisleastexpectingit，CaesarwastheslaveofPirates；andhebecamethemasteroftheworld。Agreatgeniuslikeyoursfindsresourcesevenwhenallislost；anditisimpossiblethisfrenzycancontinue。MyheartbleedstothinkofthepoorsoulsinPreussen[ApraxinandhisChristianCossacksthere，——who，itisnoted，farexceltheCalmuckworshippersoftheDalai—Lama]。Whathorridbarbarity，thedetailofcrueltiesthatgoonthere！Ifeelallthatyoufeelonit，mydearBrother。Iknowyourheart，andyoursensibilityforyoursubjects。
\"IsufferathousandtimesmorethanIcantellyou；neverthelesshopedoesnotabandonme。IreceivedyourLetterofthe14thbyW。
[whoW。is，nomortalknows]。Whatkindnesstothinkofme，whohavenothingtogiveyoubutauselessaffection，whichissorichlyrepaidbyyours！Iamobligedtofinish；butIshallneverceasetobe，withthemostprofoundrespect（TRES—PROFONDRESPECT，\"
——that，andsomethingstillbetter，ifmypoorpenwerenotembarrassed），\"your\"——WILHELMINA。
5。FRIEDRICH’SRESPONSETOTHEDISSUASIVESOFVOLTAIRE（LastoftheLamentation—Psalms:\"Buttstadt，October9th\"）。——Voltaire’sDissuasiveLetterisapoorPiece；[OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxvii。80—85（LESDELICES，earlyinSeptember，1757:
nodategiven）。]notworthgivinghere。RemarkableonlybyFriedrich’squietreceptionofit；whichreadersshallnowsee，asFinistothoseLamentation—Psalms。Thereisanotherofthem，widelyknown，whichwewillomit:theEPITRETOD’ARGENS；[In
OEuvresdeFrederic，xii。50—56（\"Erfurt，23dSeptember，1757\"）。]passionateenough，wanderingwildlyoverhumanlife，andsincerealmosttoshrillness，inparts；whichVoltairehasalsogotholdof。Omissiblehere；thefixityofpurposebeingplainotherwisetoVoltaireandus。Voltaire’scounter—argumentsareweak，orworse:\"ThatRomandeathisnotnowexpectedofthePhilosopher；thatyourMajestywill，intheworstevent，stillhaveconsiderableDominionsleft，allthatyourGreat—Grandfatherhad；
stillplentyofresources；that，inParisSociety，anestimableminorityevennowthinkshighlyofyou；thatinParisitselfyourMajesty[doesnotsayexpressly，asdethronedandgoingonyourtravels]wouldhaveresources！\"TowhichbeautifulconsiderationsFriedrichanswers，notwithfireandbrimstone，asonemighthavedreaded，butinthisquietmanner（REPONSEAUSIEURVOLTAIRE）:——
\"Jesuishomme，ilsuffit，etnepourlasouffrance；
Auxrigueursdudestinj’opposemaconstance。
[\"Iamaman，andthereforeborntosuffer；todestiny’srigorsmysteadfastnessmustcorrespond。\"——QuotationfromIknownotwhom。]
Butwiththesesentiments，IamfarfromcondemningCatoandOtho。
Thelatterhadnofinemomentinhislife，exceptthatofhisdeath。[BreaksoffintoVerse:]
\"Croyezquesij’etaisVoltaire，Etparticuliercommelui，Mecontentantdunecessaire，Jeverraisvoltigerlafortunelegere，\"——Or，towringthewaterandthejingleoutofit，andgivethesubstanceinProse:——
\"Yes，ifIwereVoltaireandaprivateman，IcouldwithmuchcomposureleaveFortunetoherwhirlingsandherplungings；tome，contentedwiththeneedful，hermadcapricesandsuddentopsy—
turvyingswouldbeamusingratherthantremendous。
\"Iknowtheennuiattendingonhonors，theburdensomeduties，thejargonofgrinningflatterers，thosepitiabilitiesofeverykind，thosedetailsoflittleness，withwhichyouhavetooccupyyourselfifsetonhighonthestageofthings。Foolishgloryhasnocharmforme，thoughaPoetandKing:whenonceAtroposhasendedmeforever，whatwilltheuncertainhonoroflivingintheTempleofMemoryavail？OnemomentofpracticalhappinessisworthathousandyearsofimaginaryinsuchTemple。——Isthelotofhighpeoplesoverysweet，then？Pleasure，gentleease，trueandheartymirth，havealwaysfledfromthegreatandtheirpeculiarpompsandlabors。
\"No，itisnotfickleFortunethathasevercausedmysorrows；
lethersmileherblandest，letherfrownherfiercestonme，I
shouldsleepeverynight，refusinghertheleastworship。Butourrespectiveconditionsareourlaw；weareboundandcommandedtoshapeourtempertotheemploymentwehaveundertaken。Voltaireinhishermitage，inaCountrywhereishonestyandsafety，candevotehimselfinpeacetothelifeofthePhilosopher，asPlatohasdescribedit。Butastome，threatenedwithshipwreck，Imustconsiderhow，lookingthetempestintheface，Icanthink，canliveandcandieasaKing:——
Pourmoi，menacedunaufrage，Jedois，enaffrontantl’orage，Penser，vivreetmourirenroi。\"
[OEuvres，xxiii。14。]
ThisisofOctober9th；thisends，worthily，theLamentation—
Psalms；workhavingnowturnedup，whichisafavorablechange。
Friedrich’snotionofsuicide，weperceive，isbynomeansthatofpukingupone’sexistence，intheweaksickwayofFELODESE；
but，fardifferent，thatofdying，ifheneedsmust，asseemstoolikely，inuttermostspasmofbattleforselfandrightstothelast。Fromwhichlatternotionnobodycanturnhim。Avaliantlydefinite，lucidandshininglypracticalsoul，——withsuchapowerofalwaysexpectoratinghimselfintoclearnessagain。Ifhedofranklywagerhislifeinthatmanner，beware，yeSoubises，Karlsandflaccidtrivialpersons，ofthestrokethatmaychancetolieinhim！——
III。RUMOROFANINROADONBERLINSUDDENLYSETSFRIEDRICH
ONMARCHTHITHER:INROADTAKESEFECT，——WITHIMPORTANTRESULTS，CHIEFLYINALEFT—HANDFORM。
Octoberllth，expressarrived，importantexpressfromGeneralFinck（whoisinDresden，convalescentfromKolin，andisevenCommandantthere，ofanythingthereistocommand），\"ThattheconsiderableAustrianBrigadeorOutpost，whichwasleftatStolpenwhentheotherswentforSilesia，isallonmarchforBerlin。\"Hereisnews！
\"Thewhole15，000ofthem，\"reportadds；——thoughitprovedtobeonlyaDetachment，pickedTolpatchesmostly，andofnothinglikethatstrength；shotoff，underaswiftGeneralHaddick，onthiserrand。BetweenthemandBerlinisnotavestigeofforce；
andBerlinitselfhasnothingbutpalisades，andperhapsapoor4，000ofgarrison。\"Marchinstantly，youMoritz，wholienearest；
crossElbeatTorgau；Ifollowinstantly！\"ordersFriedrich；
[HisMessagetoMoritz，ORLICH，p。73；Rodenbeck，p。322（dubious，orwrong）。]——andthatsamenightisonmarch，orhascavalrypushedaheadforreinforcementofMoritz。
Friedrich，notdoubtingbuttherewouldbecaptaincyandschemeamonghisEnemies，consideredthattheSwedes，andperhapstheRichelieuFrench，wereinconcertwiththisAustrianmovement，——
fromeast，fromnorth，fromwest，threeInvasionscomingonthecoreofhisDominions；——andthathereatlastwasworkahead，andplentyofit！ThatwasFriedrich’sopinion，andmostotherpeople’s，whentheAustrianinroadwasfirstheardof:\"meretripleruincomingtothisKing，\"astheGazetteersjudged；——greatalarmprevailingamongtheKing’sfriends；inBerlin，verygreat。
Friedrich，glad，atanyrate，tohavedonewiththatdismallingeringatButtelstadt，hastenstoarrangehimselfforthenewcontingencies；toposthisKeiths，hisFerdinands，withtheirhandfulsofforce，tobestadvantage；andpushaheadafterMoritz，byLeipzig，Torgau，Berlin—wards，withallhismight。AtLeipzig，insuchpressofbusinessandinterest，——judgebythefollowingphenomenon，whataclear—goingsoulthisis，andhowcompletelyonalevelwithwhateveritmaybethatheismarchingtowards:——
\"LEIPZIG，15thOCTOBER，1757（InterviewwithGottsched）。——At11
thismorning，MajestycamemarchingintoLeipzig；multitudesofthingstosettlethere；thingsready，thingsnotyetready，inviewofthegreateventsahead。Seeingthathewouldhavetimeafterdinner，heatoncesentforProfessorGottsched，agiganticgentleman，ReigningKingofGermanLiteratureforthetimebeing，tocometohimat3P。M。ReigningKingatthattime；sincegonewhollytotheDustbins，——’PopularDelusion，’asoldSamueldefinesit，havingsinceawakenedtoitself，withscornfulhahasuponitspoorGottsched，andrushedintootherroadsworseandbetter；
itspoorGottschedbecomeanamenowsignifyingPedantry，Stupidity，learnedInanityandtheWorshipofColoredWater，toeveryGermanmind。
\"At3precise，theportlyoldgentleman（towardssixtynow，hugeofstature，withashriekyvoice，andspeaksuncommonlyfast）bowedhimselfin；andaColloquyensued，onLiteratureandsoforth，ofthekindwemayconceive。Colloquywhichhadgreatfameintheworld；Gottschedhimselfhaving——suchtheinaccuracyofrumorandDutchNewspapers，onthematter——publishedauthenticReportofit；
[NextYear，inaprincipalLeipzigMagazine，withnamesigned:
giveninHelden—Geschichte，iv。728—739（withmultifariouscommentariesandflourishings，denotinganattentiveworld）。Nicolai，Anekdoten，iii。286—290。]
nowoneofthedullestbitsofreading，andworthnoman’sbitoftime。Colloquywhichlastedthreehours，withthegreatestvivacityonbothsides；Kingimpugning，foroneprincipalthing，theroughnessofGermanspeech；Gottsched，inswifttorrents（fartoocopiousinsuchcompany），readytodefend。’Thoseconsonantsofours，’saidtheKing，’theyafflictone’sear:whatNameswehave；
allinmereK’sandP’s:KNAP—，KNIP—，KLOP—，KROTZ—，KROK——；
——yourownName，forexample！’\"——Yes，hisownName，unmusicalGottSCHED，andsignifyingGod’s—Damage（God’s—SKAITH）withal。
\"Husht，don’ttakeaHolyNameinvain；callthemanSCHED
（’Damage’byitself），can’twe！\"saidawitonce。[Nicolai，Anekdoten，iii。287。]——\"’Fiveconsonantstogether，TTSCH，TTSCH，whatatone！’continuedtheKing。’Hear，incontrast，themusicofthisStanzaofRousseau’s[Repeatsastanza]。WhocouldexpressthatinGermanwithsuchmelody？’Andsoon；branchingthroughagreatmanyprovinces；King’sknowledgeofallLiterature，newandancient，’perfectlyastonishingtome；’
andImyself，theswift—speakingGottsched，rathercopiousthanotherwise。Catastrophe，andsummaryofthewhole，was:GottschedundertooktotranslatetheRousseauStanzaintoGermanofmoderatesoftness；andbytheaidofwaterdidso，thatverynight；
[CopieddulyinHelden—Geschichte，iv。726。]
sentitnextday，andhad’withinanhour’agraciousRoyalAnswerinverse；callingone，incidentally，’SaxonSwan，CYGNESAXON，’
thoughoneissuchaGoose！’Majestytomarchat7to—morrowmorning，’saidaPostscript，——noInterviewingmore，atpresent。
\"Abouttendaysafter[nottoletthisthinginterruptusagain]，Friedrich，onhisreturntoLeipzig，hadanotherInterviewwithGottsched；ofonlyonehour，thistime；——butwithmanytopics:
ReadingofsomeGottschedOde（ODE，verytedious，frothy，watery，ofTHANKStoMajestyforsuchgoodnesstotheSaxonSwan；reading，too，of’someofMadamGottsched’sPieces’）。Majestyconfessedafterwards，EveryhourfromtheveryfirsthadloweredhisopinionoftheSaxonSwan，tillatlengthGoosehoodbecametooapparent。
Friedrichsenthimagoldsnuffboxbyandby，buthadnofartherdialoguing。
\"AsayingofExcellencyMitchell’stoGottsched——forGottsched，onthatsecondLeipzigopportunity，wentswashingaboutamongtheKing’sSuiteaswell——isstillremembered。TheyweretalkingofShakspeare:’Genial，ifyouwill，’saidGottsched，’buttheLawsofAristotle；FiveActs，unitiesstrict！’——’Aristotle？WhatistohinderamanfrommakinghisTragedyinTenacts，ifitsuithimbetter？’’Impossible，yourExcellency！’——’Pooh，’saidhisExcellency；’supposeAristotle，andgeneralFashiontoo，hadorderedthattheclothesofeverymanweretobecutfromfiveellsofcloth:howwouldtheHerrProfessorlike[withthesehugelimbsofhis]ifhefoundtherewerenobreechesforhim，onAristotle’saccount？’AdieutoGottsched；mostvoluminousofmen；——whowroteaGrammaroftheGermanLanguage，which，theysay，didgood。
IrememberalwayshispoorWifewithsomepathos；whowasafine，graceful，loyalcreature，oftentimeshisintelligence；anddidnoendofwritingandtranslatingandcompiling（Addison’sCATO，Addison’sSPECTATOR，thousandsofthingsfromalllanguages），onorderofherGottsched，tilllifeitselfsankinsuchenterprises；
neverdoubting，tragicallyfaithfulsoul，butherGottschedwasanauthenticSeneschalofPhoebusandtheNine。\"[HerLETTERS，collectedbyasurvivingLady—Friend，\"BRIEFEDERFRAULUISE
ADELGUNDEVIKTORIEGOTTSCHED，bornKULMUS（Dresden，1771—1772，3vols。8vo），\"are，Ishouldsuppose，theonlyGottschedPiecewhichanybodywouldnowthinkofreading。]——
Monday，17th，atseven，hisMajestypushedoffaccordingly；
cheeryheintheprospectofwork，whateverhisfriendsinthedistancebe。Here，fromEilenburg，hisfirststageTorgau—way，areaPairofLettersinnotablecontrast。
WILHELMINATOTHEKING（onrumorofHaddick，swolnintoaTripleInvasion，Austrian，Swedish，French）。
BAIREUTH，\"15thOctober，1757。
\"MYDEARESTBROTHER，——DeathandathousandtormentscouldnotequalthefrightfulstateIamin。Thererunreportsthatmakemeshudder。Somesayyouarewounded；others，dangerouslyill。InvainhaveItormentedmyselftohavenewsofyou；Icangetnone。Oh，mydearBrother，comewhatmay，Iwillnotsurviveyou。IfIamtocontinueinthisfrightfuluncertainty，Icannotstandit；Ishallsinkunderit，andthenIshallbehappy。Ihavebeenonthepointofsendingyouacourier；but[environedasweare]Idurstnot。
InthenameofGod，bidsomebodywritemeoneword。
\"IknownotwhatIhavewritten；myheartistorninpieces；IfeelthatbydintofdisquietudeandalarmsIamlosingmywits。Oh，mydear，adorableBrother，havepityonme。HeavengrantIbemistaken，andthatyoumayscoldme；buttheleastthingthatconcernsyoupiercesmetotheheart，andalarmsmyaffectiontoomuch。MightIdieathousandtimes，providedyoulivedandwerehappy！
\"Icansaynomore。Griefchokesme；andIcanonlyrepeatthatyourfateshallbemine；being，mydearBrother，your\"WILHELMINA。\"
Whatashrillpenetratingtone，likethewildlyweepingvoiceofRachel；tragical，painful，gonequitetofalsettoandabovepitch；
butwithamelodyinitsdissonancelikethesingingofthestars。
MypoorshrillWilhelmina！——
KINGTOWILHELMINA（hasnotyetreceivedtheAbove）。
\"EILENBURG，17thOctober，1757。
\"MYDEARESTSISTER，——Whatisthegoodofphilosophyunlessoneemployitinthedisagreeablemomentsoflife？Itisthen，mydearSister，thatcourageandfirmnessavailus。
\"Iamnowinmotion；andhavingoncegotintothat，youmaycalculateIshallnotthinkofsittingdownagain，exceptunderimprovedomens。Ifoutrageirritatesevencowards，whatwillitdotoheartsthathavecourage？
\"IforeseeIshallnotbeabletowriteagainforperhapssixweeks:whichfailsnottobeasorrowtome:butIentreatyoutobecalmduringtheseturbulentaffairs，andtowaitwithpatiencethemonthofDecember；payingnoregardtotheNurnbergNewspapersnortothoseoftheReich，whicharetotallyAustrian。
\"Iamtiredasadog（COMMEUNCHIEN）。Iembraceyouwithmywholeheart；beingwiththemostperfectaffection（TENDRESSE），mydearestSister，your\"——FRIEDRICH……（ATSOMEOTHERHOUR，SAMEPLACEANDDAY。）\"’NopossibilityofPeace，’sayyouraccounts[Letterlost]；’theFrenchwon’thearmynamementioned。’Well；frommetheyshallnotfarther。Thewaywillbe，tospeaktothembyaction，sothattheymayrepenttheirimpertinencesandpride。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。i。308，309，310。]’
TheHaddickaffair，afteralltherumoraboutit，provedtobeaverysmallmatter。NoSwedeorRichelieuhaddreamtofco—operating；Haddick，intheend，wasscarce4，000withfourcannon；GeneralRochow，CommandantofBerlin，withhissmallgarrison，hadnotHaddickskilfullysliddenthroughwoods，andbeensomagnifiedbyrumor，mighthavemarchedout，andbeatenacoupleofHaddicks。Asitwas，Haddickskilfullyemerging，attheSilesianGateofBerlin，16thOctober，abouteleveninthemorning，demandedransomof300，000thalers（45，000pounds）；wasrefused；
beganshootingonthepoorpalisades，onthepoordrawbridgethere；
\"atthethirdshotbroughtdownthedrawbridge；\"rushedintothesuburb；andwasnottobepushedoutagainbytheweakpartyRochowsenttotryit。Rochow，ignorantofHaddick’sforce，marchedoffthereuponforSpandauwiththeRoyalFamilyandeffects；leavingHaddickmasterofthesuburb，andBerlintomakeitsownbargainwithhim。Haddick，hisCroatsnottobequitekeptfrommischief，remainedmasterofthesuburb，minatoryuponBerlin，fortwelvehoursormore:andafteragooddealofbargaining，——ransomof45，000pounds，of90，000pounds，finallyof27，000poundsand\"twodozenpairofglovestotheEmpressQueen，\"——madeoffaboutfiveinthemorning；windofMoritz’sadvanceaddingwingstothespeedofHaddick。[Helden—Geschichte，iv。715—723
（Haddick’sownAccount，andtheBerlinone）。]
Moritzdidarrivenextevening（18th）；butwithhistiredtroopstherewasnocatchingofHaddick，nowthreemarchesahead。
RoyalFamilyandeffectsreturnedfromSpandauthedayfollowing；
butinadayortwomore，removedtoMagdeburgtilltheCapitalweresafefromsuchaffronts。MuchgrumblingagainstRochow。
\"WhatcouldIdo？HowcouldIknow？\"answeredRochow，whoseeyesightindeedhadbeennoneofthebest。Berlinsmartstothelengthof27，000poundsandanalarm；butasserts（notquitemythically，thinksRetzow），that\"thetwodozenpairofgloveswereallglovesforthelefthand，\"——Berlinhavingwit，andatouchofABSINTHEinit，capableofsuchthings！FriedrichheardthenewsatAnnaburg，amarchbeyondTorgau；andtherepaused，againuncertain，foraboutaweekcoming；afterwhich，hediscoveredthatLeipzigwouldbetheplace；andreturnedthither，appointingageneralrendezvousandconcentrationthere。
SCENEATREGENSBURGINTHEINTERIM。
JustwhileHaddickwasslidingswiftlythroughthewoods，Berlinnownigh，thereoccurredathingatRegensburg；tragicthing，butendinginfarce，——FinaleofREICHS—ACHT，inshort；——aboutwhichallRegensburgwasloud，wailingorhaha—ingaccordingtohumor；
whileBerlinwaspayingitsransomandleft—handgloves。
Onemoment’spauseuponthis，thoughourhasteisgreat。
\"ReichsDiethadgotitsBanoftheReichreadyforFriedrich；
CITATIO（solemnSummons）andallelsecomplete；nothingnowwantedbuttoserveCitatioonhim，or’insinuate’itintohim，astheirphraseis；——whichlatteressentialpointoccasionssomeshakingofwigs。Dangerous，servingCitatiointhatquarter:andbywhatarttrytosmuggleitintothehandsofsuchaone？’Insinuateithereintohis，Plotho’s，hand；thatisthemethod，andthatwillsuffice！’saythewigs，andchooseanunfortunateReichsNotary，Dr。Aprill，todoit；who，inponderousChancery—style，givesthefollowingaffectingreport，——wonderful，butintelligible（whenabridged）:——
\"Citatio\"tocomeandreceiveyourBan，——averysolemn—soundingDocument，commencing（orperhapsitisAprillhimselfthatsocommences，nomatterwhich），\"’IntheNameoftheMostHighGod，theFather，SonandHolyGhost，Amen，’——wasgiven，Wednesday，12thOctober，intheYearafterChristourdearLordandSaviour’sBirth，1757Years，TomeGeorgiusMathiasJosephusAprill，swornKaiserlichNotariusPublicus；InmyLodging，first—floorfrontingsouth，inJacobVirnrohrtheInnkeeper’sHousehereatRegensburg，calledtheRed—Star，\"forinsinuationintoPlotho:
WithwhichsolemnPiece，Aprillproceedednextday，Thursday，half—past2P。M。，toPlotho’sdwelling—place，describedwithequalirrefragability；and，continuesAprill，\"didthere，byaservantoftheHerrAmbassadorvonPlotho’s，announcemyself；addingthatI
hadsomethingtosaytohisExcellency，ifhewouldpleasetoadmitme。TowhichtheHerrAmbassadorbythesameservantsentanswer，thathewasillwithacold，andthatImightspeaktohisSecretariuswhatIhadtosay。But，asIrepliedthatmymessagewastohisExcellenzinperson，thesameservantcamebackwithintimationthatImightcallagainto—morrowatnoon。\"
To—morrow，atthestrokeofnoon，Friday，14thOctober，Aprillpunctuallyappearsagain，withrecapitulationofthepledgegivenhimyesterday；andisinformedthathecanwalkup—stairs。
\"Iproceededthereupon，theservantgoingbefore，uponepairofstairs，orwiththeappurtenances（GEZEUGEN）rathermorethanonepair，intotheHerrAmbassadorFreiherrvonPlotho’sAnteroom；
who，justaswewereentering，steptinhimself，throughaside—
door；inhisdressing—gown，andwiththewords，’Speaknowwhatyouhavetosay。’
\"IthereuponsliptintohishandCITATIOFISCALIS，andsaid\"——saidatfirstnothing，Plothoavers；merelymumbled，lookedlikesomepoorcaitiff，comewithLaw—papersonatriflingSuitwehappentohaveintheCourtshere；——andonlybydegreessaid（letusabridge；
SCENE，AprillandPlotho，AnteroominRegensburg，first—floorandratherhigher）:——
APTILL。\"’IhavetogiveyourExcellenzthisWriting，——[whichprivately，couldyourExcellenzguessit，is]CITATIOFISCALISfromtheReichstag，summoninghisMajestytoshowcausewhyBanoftheReichshouldnotpassuponhim！’HisExcellenzatfirsttooktheCITATIOandadjunctsfromme；andlookingintothemtoseewhattheywere，hisExcellenz’sfacebegantocolor，andsoonaftertocoloralittlemore；andonhislookingattentivelyatCITATIO
FISCALIS，hebrokeintoviolentangerandrage，sothathecouldnotstandstillanylonger；butwithburningface，andbotharmsheldaloft，rushedclosetome，CITATIOandadjunctsinhisrighthand，andbrokeoutinthisform:——
PLOTHO。\"’What；insinuate（INSINUIEREN），youscoundrel！’
APRILL。\"’ItismyNotarialOffice；Imustdoit。’InspiteofwhichtheFreiherrvonPlothofellonmewithallrage；graspedmebythefrontofthecloak，andsaid:——
PLOTHO。\"’Takeitback，wiltthou！’AndasIresisteddoingso，hestuckitinuponme，andshoveditdownwithallviolencebetweenmycoatandwaistcoat；and，stillholdingmebythecloak，calledtothetwoservantswhohadbeenthere，’Flinghimdownstairs！’——
whichthey，beingdiscreetfellows，andinnoflurry，didnotquite，norneededquitetodo（’Must，sir，yousee，unless！’），andsoforcedmeoutofthehouse；ExcellenzPlothoretiringthroughhisAnteroom，andhisBody—servant，whoatfirsthadbeenonthestairs，likewisedisappearingasIgotunderway，\"——andhavetoreport，insuchmanner，totheUniverseandReichsDiet，withtearsinmyeyes。[Preuss，ii。397—401；inHelden—Geschichte，iv。745—749，Plotho’sAccount。]
WhatbecameofReichsBanafterthis，asknot。ItfelldeadbyFriedrich’svictoriesnowathand；roseagainintolifeonFriedrich’smisfortunes（August，1758），threateningtoincludeGeorgeSecondinit；uponwhichtheCORPUSEVANGELICORUMmadesomecounter—mumblement；——and，Ihaveheard，theFrenchprivatelyadvised:\"Betterdropit；thesetwoKingsarecapableofwalkingoutofyou，anddangerouslykickingthetableoverastheygo！\"——
Wherebyitagainfelldead，positivelyforthelasttime，and，inshort，isworthnomentionorremembrancemore。
CORPUSEVANGELICORUMhadalwaysbeenagainstReichsBan:afewDissentients，orHalf—Dissentientsexcepted，——asMecklenburgwhollyandwithawill；foolishAnspachwholly；andtheAnhaltshagglingsomedissent，andretractingit（why，Ineverknew）；——forwhichMecklenburgandtheAnhalts，lyingwithinclutchofone，hadtorepentbitterlyintheyearscoming！Enoughofallthat。
TheHaddickinvasion，，whichhadgotitsgloves，left—handornot，andpartofitsroad—expenses，broughtanotherconsequencemuchmoreimportantonthePER—CONTRAside。Thetriumphing，TE—DEUM—ingandjubilationoverit，——\"HisMetropoliscaptured；RoyalFamilyinflight！\"——raisedtheDauphinessArmy，andespeciallyVersailles，intosuchenthusiasm，thatDauphinesscamebodilyout（onorderfromVersailles）；spreadovertheCountry，plunderingandinsultingbeyondexample；gotherselfreinforcedbya15，000fromtheRichelieuArmy；crossedtheSaale；determinedontakingLeipzig，beatingFriedrich，andIknownotwhat。Keith，inLeipzigwithasmallParty，hadsummonsfromSoubise’svanguard（October24th）:
Keithanswered，Hewouldburnthesuburbs；——uponwhich，saidvanguard，hearingofFriedrich’sadventwithal，tookitselfrapidlyaway。AndSoubiseanditwouldfainhaverecrossedSaale，Ihaveunderstood，hadnotVersaillesbeenperemptory。
Inaword，FriedrioharrivedatLeipzigOctober26th；Ferdinand，Moritzandalltheotherscomingoralreadycome:andthereissomethinggreatjustathand。Friedrich’sstayinLeipzigwasonlyfourdays。Cheeringprospectofworknowaheadhere；——addtothis，assurancefromPreussenthatApraxinisfairlygoinghome，andLehwaldcomingtolookaftertheSwedes。WereitnotthatthereisbadnewsfromSilesia，thingsgenerallyarebeginningtolookup。
OfthehourspentonGottsched，inthesefourdays，weexpresslytakenonoticefarther；buttherewasanothervisitmuchlessconspicuous，andinfinitelymoreimportant:thatofacertainHanoverianGrafvonSchulenburg，notinredorwithplumes，likeaMajor—Generalashewas，but\"intheblacksuitofaCountryParson，\"——coming，inthatunnoticeableguise，toinformFriedrichofficially，\"ThattheHanoveriansandMajestyofEnglandhaveresolvedtorenouncetheConventionofKloster—Zeven；tobringtheirpoorStadeArmyintothefieldagain；anddonowrequesthim，KingFriedrich，tograntthemDukeFerdinandofBrunswicktoheGeneralofthesame。\"[Mauvillon，i。256；Westphalen，i。315:
indistinctboth，andwithslightvariations。MitchellPapers（inBritishMuseum），likewiseindistinct:AdditionalMSS。6815，pp。96
and108（\"LordHoldernesstoMitchell，\"doubtlessonPitt’sinstigation，\"10thOctober，1757，\"isthebeginningofit，——twodaysbeforeRoyalHighnessgothomefromStade）；seeib。6806，pp。241—252。]
Hereisanunnoticeablemessage，ofveryhighmomentindeed。
TowhichFriedrich，alreadyprepared，giveshischeerfulconsent；
nominationsandpracticalitiestofollow，theinstantthesepresenthurriesareover。Whoitwasthathadpreparedallthis，whosesuggestionitfirstwas，Friedrich’s，Mitchell’s，George’s，Pitt’s，Idonotknow，——IcannothelpsuspectingPitt；PittandFriedrichtogether。Andcertainlyofalllivingmen，Ferdinand——relatedtotheEnglishandPrussianroyalties，asoldierofapprovedexcellence，andlikewiseanoble—minded，prudent，patientandinvinciblyvaliantandsteadfastman——was，beyondcomparison，thefittestforthisoffice。Pittisnowfairlyinpower；andperceives，——suchPitt’soriginalityofview，——thatanArmywithaCaptaintoitmaydifferbeautifullyfromonewithout。Andinfactwemaytakethisasthefirsttwitchatthereins，onPitt’spart；
whosedelicatestronghand，allEnglandrunningtoitwithoneheart，willbefeltattheendsoftheearthbeforemanymonthsgo。
TothegreatandunexpectedjoyofFriedrich，forone。\"Englandhastakenlongtoproduceagreatman，\"hesaidtoMitchell；\"buthereisoneatlast！\"
BOOKXVIII（CONTINUED）
SEVEN—YEARSWARRISESTOAHEIGHT。
1757—1759。
ChapterVIII。
BATTLEOFROSSBACH。
FriedrichleftLeipzigSunday，October30th；encamped，thatnight，onthefamousFieldofLutzen，withthevanguard，he（asusual，andMayerwithhim，whodidsomebrisksmitinghomeofwhatFrenchtherewere）；KeithandDukeFerdinandfollowing，withmainbodyandrear。
MovementsontheSoubise—Hildburghausenpartareallretrogradeagain；——canDauphinessBellonadonothing，then，exceptshuttleforwardsandthenbackwardsaccordingtoFriedrich’sabsenceorpresence？TheSoubise—HildburghausenArmydoesimmediatelywithdrawonthisoccasion，asontheformer；andmakesforthesafesideoftheSaaleagain，rapidlyretreatingbeforeFriedrich，whoisnotaboveonetotwoofthem，——morelikeonetothree，nowthatBroglio’sDetachmentiscometohand。BrogliogottoMerseburgOctober26th，——guess15，000strong；——considerablyoutofrepair，andgladtohavedonewithsuchamarch，andbewithinreachofSoubise。ThisistheSecondSonofouroldBlusterousFriend；amanwhocametosomemark，andtoagreatdealoftrouble，inthisWar；
andended，readersknowhow，attheSiegeoftheBastillethirty—
twoyearsafterwards！
Sosoonasrested，Broglio，byorder，movesleftwardstoHalle，toguardSaaleBridgethere；SoubisehimselfedgingafterhimtoMerseburg，onasimilarerrand；andleavingHildburghausentotakechargeofWeissenfelsandtheThirdSaaleBridge。ThatisDauphiness’sposturewhileFriedrichencampsatLutzen:——letimpatienthumannaturefixthesethreeplacesforitself，andhastentothecatastropheofwretchedDauphiness。Soubise，itoughttoberemembered，isnotinthehighestspirits；buthisOfficersinover—high，\"DoingthisPETITMARQUISDEBRANDEBOURGthehonortohaveakindofWarwithhim（DELUIFAIREUNEESPECEDEGUERRE），\"
astheytermit。Beingpuffedupwithgeneralvanity，andthenewspaperrumoraboutHaddick’sfeat，——which，liketheglovesitgot，isgoingalltoleft—handinthisway。HildburghausenandtheothersoverruleSoubise；andindeedthereisnoremedy；
\"Provisionalmostout；——howretreattoourmagazinesandourfastnesses，withFriedrichonceacrossSaale，andstickingtotheskirtsofus？\"Here，fromeye—witnesseswherepossible，arethesuccessivestepsofDauphinesstowardsherdoom，whichisfamousintheworldeversince。
\"Monday，31stOctober，1757，\"astheTown—SyndicofWeissenfelsrecords，\"abouteightinthemorning，[Muller，SCHLACHTBEI
ROSSBACH（\"aCentenaryPiece，\"Berlin，1857，——containingseveralcuriousExtracts），p。44，Helden—Geschichte，
iv。643，651—668。]theKingofPrussia，withhiswholeArmy\"（orwhatseemedtousthewhole，thoughitwasbutahalf；Keithwiththeotherhalfbeingwithinreachtonorthward，marchingMerseburgway），\"camebeforethisTown。\"Hasbeenherebefore；asKeithhas，asSoubiseandothershave:atownmuchagitatedlatelybytransitoftroops。Itwasfromtheeastern，orhighlandwardside，wheretheso—calledCastleis，thatFriedrichcame:Castlebuiltoriginallyonsome\"WhiteCrag（WEISSEFELS\"notnowconspicuous），fromwhichthetownandwhilomDuchytaketheirname。
\"WehaveoftenheardofWeissenfels，whilethepoorolddrunkenDukelived，whousedtobeaSuitorofWilhelmina’s，liabletohardusage；andhavemarchedthroughit，withtheSalzburgers，inpeaceabletimes。Asolidpleasant—enoughlittleplace（6，000soulsorso）；liesleantagainsthighground（WhiteCrags，orwhateveritoncewas）ontheeasternorrightbankoftheSaale；aTowninpartflat，inpartverysteep；thestreetsofit，ormainstreetandsecondaries，runningofflevelenoughfromtheRiverandBridge；
risingbyslowdegrees，butatlastrapidlyagainstthehighgroundorcliffs，justmentioned；astiffacclivityofstreets，tillcrownedbytheso—calledCastle，the’AugustusBurg’inthosedays，the’Friedrich—WilhelmBarrack’inours。ItwasonthiscrownofthecliffsthathisPrussianMajestyappeared。
\"Saaleisofgoodbreadthhere；hasdoneperhapstwohundredmiles，sincehestarted，intheFichtelgebirge（PINEMOUNTAINS），onhislongcourseElbe—ward；received，onlytenmilesago，hislastbigbranch，thewide—wanderingUnstrut，cominginwithmuchdrainagefromthenorthernparts:——inbreadth，SaalemaybecomparedtoThames，toTayorBeauley；hisdepthnotfordable，thoughnothinglikesodeepasThames’s；maincargovisibleisraftsoftimber:
banksgreen，definite，scantofwood；riverofratherdarkcomplexion，mainlynoiseless，butofusefulpleasantqualitiesotherwise。\"
FromthisCastleorlandwardsidecomeFriedrichandhisPrussians，onMondaymorningabouteight。\"Thegarrison，some4，000ReichsfolkandaFrenchBattalionortwo，shuttheGates，andassembledintheMarket—place，\"——abigsquare，closeatthefootoftheHeights；\"ontheotherhand，fromthetopoftheHeights[KLAMMERK
theparticularspot]，thePrussianscannonadedTownandGates；
tospeedyburstingopenofthesame；andrushedinoverthewallsoftheCastle—court，andbyotheropeningsintotheTown:sothatthegarrisonabovesaidhadtoquit，androllwithallspeedacrosstheSaaleBridge，andsetthesameonfirebehindthem。\"ThiswastheirremedyforalltheThreeBridges，whenattacked；butitsucceedednowheresowellashere。
\"Thefirewasofextremerapidity；preparedbeforehand:\"Bridgeallofdrywoodcoatedwithpitch；——\"firereinforcedtoo，inviewofsuchevent，byallthesuet，lardandoleaginousmattertheGarrisoncouldfindinWeissenfels；somehundredweightsoftallow—
dips，foroneitem，goinguponthisoccasion。\"Bridge，\"worth100，000thalers，\"isinstantlyablaze:some400findingthebridgesoflamy，andthePrussiansattheirskirts，wereobligedtosurrender；——FeldmarschallHildburghausen，sleepingabouttwomilesoff，getshimselfawakenedinthisunpleasantmanner。
FlyinggarrisonhaltontheothersideoftheRiver，wheretherestoftheirArmyis；plantcannonthereagainstquenchingoftheBridge；andsokeepfiring，answeredbythePrussians，withmuchnoiseandnogreatmischief，till3P。M。，whentheBridgeisquitegone（Toll—keeper’sLodgeandall），andtheenterpriseofcrossingtherehadplainlybecomeimpossible。
Friedrichquickly，aboutamilefartherdowntheRiver，haspickedoutanothercrossing—place，intheinterim，andfoundedsomenewadequateplankorraftbridgethere；which，bydiligenceallnight，willbecrossableto—morrow。Sothat，exceptforamusingtheenemy，thecannonadingmayceaseatWeissenfels。AcertainDucdeCrillon，incommandatthisWeissenfelsBridge—burningandcannonade，hasachivalrousAnecdote（amountingnearlytozerowhenwellexamined）
aboutsavingorsparingFriedrich’slifeonthisinterestingoccasion:How，beingnowonthesafesideoftheRiver，heCrillonwithhisstafftakingsomerefectionofbreakfastafterthefuriousflurrytherehadbeen；therecametohimoneofhisArtilleryCaptains，stationedinanIslandintheRiver，asking，\"ShallI
shoottheKingofPrussia，Monseigneur？HeisdownreconnoitringhisendoftheBridge:sha’n’tI，then？\"TowhomCrillongivesaglassofwineandsmilinglymagnanimousanswertoanegativeeffect。[\"MemoiresmilitairesdeLouis&c。DucdeCrillon（Paris，1791），p。166；\"——ascitedbyPreuss，ii。88。]
Concerningwhich，onehastoremark，Notonly，FIRST，thattheArtilleryCaptain’spowerofseeingFriedrich（whichisitselfuncertain）wouldindeedmeanthepowerofaimingathim，butdiffersimmenselyfromthatofhittinghimwithshot；sothatthis\"ShallIkilltheKing？\"wasmainlythrasonicwindfromCaptainBertin。ButSECONDLY，thatthereisno\"Island\"intheRiverthereabouts，forCaptainBertintofirefrom！Sothatprobablythewholestoryiswindorlittlemore:dreamlike，oratbestsomeidlethrasonic—theoreticquestion，onthepartofBertin；properanswerthereto（consistingmainlyinaglassofwine）fromMonseigneur:——
allwhich，onretrospection，Monseigneurfeels，orwouldfainfeel，tohavebeennottheoretic—thrasonicbutpractical，andofarathergodlikenature。Zeromainly，aswesaid；Friedrichthanksyouforzero，Monseigneur。
\"ThePrussianswerebilletedintheTownthatnight，\"saysourSyndic；\"andinmanyahousetherecametobetwentymen，andeventhirtyandaboveit，lodged。Allwasquietthroughthenight；
theFrenchandtheReichsfolkweredrawnbackuponthehighergrounds，aboutBurgwerbenandontoTagwerben；andwesawtheirwatch—firesburning。\"Friedrich’sBridgemeanwhile，unmolestedbytheenemy，isgettingready。
Keith，lookingacrosstoMerseburgonthemorrowmorning（Tuesday，Nov。1st），whitherhehadmarcheddirectwiththeotherHalfoftheArmy，findsMerseburgBridgedestroyed，orbroken；andSoubisewithbatteriesonthefartherside，intendingtodisputethepassage。
KeithdespatchesDukeFerdinandtoHalle，anothertwelvemilesdown，whofindsHalleBridgedestroyedinlikemanner，andBrogliointendingtodispute；which，however，onsecondthoughts，neitherofthemIdid。Friedrich’snewBridgeatHerren—Muhle（LORDSHIPS’
MILL）isofcourseanimportantpointtothem；Friedrich’spassagenowpastdispute！\"Letusfallback，\"saythey，\"andrankourselvesalittle；weare50or60，000strong；illoffforprovisions；
butwellabletoretreat；andhavepermissiontofightonthissideoftheRiver。\"
ThecombinedArmy，\"Dauphiness，\"orwhateverwearetocallit，doesonWednesdaymorning（November2d）gatherinitscannonandoutskirts，andgiveuptheSaalequestion；retirelandwardstothehighergroundssomemiles；anddiligentlygetitselfunited，andintoorderofbattlebetterorworse，neartheVillageofMucheln（whichmeansKirkMICHAEL，andisstillwritten\"SANCTMICHEL\"bysomeonthisoccasion）。ThereDauphinesstakespost，leaningontheheights，notinaveryscientificway；leavingKeithandFerdinandtorebuildtheirBridgesunmolested，andallPrussianstocomeacrossatdiscretion。Whichtheyhavediligentlydone（2d—3dNovember），bytheirrespectiveBridges；andonThursdayafternoonareallacross，encampedatBedra，incloseneighborhoodtoMucheln；whichFriedrichhasbeenoutreconnoitringandfindsthathecanattacknextmorningveryearly。
Nextmorning，accordingly，\"by2o’clock，withabrightmoonshining，\"Friedrichisonhorseback，hisArmyfollowing。Butonexaminingbymoonlight，theenemyhaveshiftedtheirposition；
turnedontheiraxis，moreorless，intonewwood—patches，newbatteriesandbogs；whichhasgreatlymendedtheiraffair。Nogoodattackingthemso，thinksFriedrich；andreturnstohisCamp；
slightlycannonaded，onewingofhim，fromsomebatteryoftheenemy；andimmoderatelycrowedoverbythem:\"Darenot，yousee！
Tried，andwasdefeated！\"crytheirnewspapersandthey，——foroneday。FriedrichlodgesagaininBedrathisnight，otherssayinRossbach；shiftshisownCampalittle；leftwingofitnowatRossbach（HOME—BROOK，orBECK，soontobeaworld—famousHamlet）:
theeffectsofhungerontheDauphiness，sofarfromhersupplies，will，hecalculates，bestrongerthanonhim，andwillbringhertobettertermsshortly。Dauphinessneedsbread；onemayhavefineclippingattheskirtsofher，ifshetryretreat。ThatDauphinesswouldplaytheprankshedidnextmorning，Friedrichhadnotventuredtocalculate。
CATASTROPHEOFDAUPHINESS（Saturday，5thNovember，1757）。
MeanderingSaaleisononeofhisbigturns，ashepassesWeissenfels；turning，prettyrapidlyhere，fromsoutheastward，whichhewasadozenmilesago，roundtonortheastwardagainornorthwardaltogether，whichhegetstobeatMerseburg，adozenfartherdown。RightacrossfromWeissenfels，lappedinthiscrookoftheSaale，orwashedbyitonsouthsideandoneast，rises，withextremelaziness，adullcircularlumpofcountry，sixoreightmilesindiameter；withRossbachandhalfadozenotherscraggysleepyHamletsscatteredonit；——which，tillthemorningofSaturday，5thNovember，1757，hadnotbeennotabletoanyvisitor。
Thetopmostpointorpoints，fortherearetwo（notdiscoverableexceptbytraditionandguess），thecountrypeopledocallHills，JANUS—HUGEL，POLZEN—HUGEL——Hillsensibletowagon—horsesinthosebadloosetracksofsandymud，butunimpressiveontheTourist，whohastoadmitthatthereseldomwassoflataHill。Rising，letusguess，fortyyardsinthethreeorfourmilesithashad。Mightbecalledaperceptiblypot—belliedplain，withmorepropriety；
flatcountry，slightlypuffedup；——inshapenotsteeperthanthemouldofanimmensetea—saucerwouldbe。Tea—saucer6milesindiameter，100feetindepth，andofirregularcontour，whichindeedwillsufficientlyrepresentittothereader’smind。
Saale，atfourorfivemilesdistance，boundsthisscraggylumpontheeastandonthesouth。Westwardandnorthward，springingaboutMuchelnoneachhand，andsettingofftorightandtoleftSaale—
ward，arewhatwetaketobetwobrooks；atleastaretwohollows:
andbehindthese，thecountryriseshigher；undulatingstillonlazyterms，butnowpaintedazurebythedistance，notunpleasanttobehold，withitslitteralllappedoutofsight，anditspoorbrookstinklingforward（aswejudge）intotheSaale，Merseburgway，orreverse—wiseintotheUnstrut，thelastbigbranchofSaale。SouthwardfromourJanusHeight，eightorninemilesoff，maybeseensomevestigeofFreiburg；steepleorgiltweathercockfaintlyvisible，ontheUnstrutyonder；——whichItaketobeSoubise’sbread—basketatpresent。Andfartheroff，andoppositetheMOUTHoftheUnstrut，wellacrosstheSaale，liesanothernamableTown（visibleinclearweather，asasmoke—cloudatcertainhours，aboutmeal—time，whenthekettlesareonboil），theTownofNaumburg，——oneofseveralGermanNaumburgs，——theNaumburgofGustafAdolf；wherehisslainbodylay，onthenightofLutzenBattle，withhispoorQueenandothersweepingoverit。NaumburgisontheothersideofSaale，notofimportancetoSoubiseinsuchposture。
Thisisthecircularblockorlumpofcountry，onthenorthornorthwestsideofwhichFriedrichnowlies，andwhichwillbecome，helittlethinkshowmemorableonthemorrow。Overtheheights，immediatelyeastwardofFriedrich，thereisakindofhollow，orscooped—outplace；shallowvalleyofsomeextent，whichdeservesnoticeagainstto—morrow:butingeneralthegroundislazilyspherical，andwithoutnoticeablehollowsorvalleyswhenfairlyawayfromtheRiver。Adullbluntlumpofcountry；madeofsandandmud，——mayhavebeengrassyonce，withbroomonit，inthepastoraltimes；isnowunderpoorplough—husbandry，arableorscratchableinallparts，andlooksrathermiserableinwinter—time。Novestigeofhedgeonit，ofshruborbush；onetree，uglybutbig，whichmayhavebeenaliveinFriedrich’stime，standsnotfarfromRossbachHamlet；one，andnomore，discoverableintheseareas。
VariousHamletsliesprinkledabout:verysleepy，rusty，irregularlittleplaces；hutsandcattle—stallshuddleddown，asifshakenfromabag；muchstraw，thickthatchandcrumblymud—brick；
butlookingwarmandpeaceable，fortheFour—footedandtheTwo—
footed；whichlatter，ifyouspeaktothem，aresolidreasonablepeople，withenergeticGermaneyesandhearts，thoughsoill—
lodged。TheseHamlets，needingshelterandspring—water，standgenerallyinsomeslighthollow，ifwelluptheHeight，asRorschachis；sometimes，ifnearthebottom，theyarenestledinasuddendellorgash，——workoftheprimevalrains，accumulatingfromabove，andploughingouttheirway。Therains，wecansee，havebeenbusy；
butthereisseldomtheleaststreamvisible，bottombeingtoosandyandporous。Onthewesternslope，thereisinourtimeakindofcoal，orcoal—dust，dugup；inthewayofquarrying，notofmining；andoneortwobigchasmsofthissortareconfusedlybusy:
thenativesmixthisvaluablecoal—dustwithwater，moulditintobricks，andsouseasfuel:oneofthefeaturesofthesehamletsisthestrangeblackbricks，standingonedgeaboutthecottage—doors，todrip，anddryinthesun。Forthisorforotherreasons，thewestwardslopeappearstobethebest；andhasamajorshareofhamletsonit:Rossbachishighup，andlooksoveruponMucheln，anditsdimbelfryandappurtenances，whichliesafeacrossthehollow，perhapstwomilesoff，——safefromFriedrich，iftherewereeatablesandlodgingtobehadinsuchaplace。Friedrich’sleftwingisinRossbach。BedrawhereFriedrich’srightwingis；
BranderodewheretheSoubiserightis；thenGrost；Schevenroda，Zeuchfeld，Pettstadt，Lunstadt，——especiallyReichartswerben，whereSoubise’srightwillcometobe:thesethereadermaytakenoteofinhisMap。Severalofthemlieinashesjustthen；plundered，replundered，andatlastsetfireto；sobusyhaveSoubise’shungrypeoplebeen，oflate，intheCountrytheycameto\"deliver。\"
TheFreiburgroad，theNaumburgroad，bothtowardsMerseburg，crossthisHeight；straightlikethestring，SaalebyWeissenfelsbeingthebow。
TheHERRENHAUS（Squire’sMansion）stillstandsinRossbach，withthelitteryHamletatitsflank:ahigh，pavilion—roofed，andthoughdilapidated，pretentiouskindofHouse；somekindofcourtroundit，somekindofhedgeorscreenofbrushwoodandbrick—wall:
terriblyinneedofthebesom，itanditsenvironmentthroughout。
King，Isuppose，didlodgethereovernight:certainitistheSquirewasabsent；andtheSquire’sMan，threedaysafterwards，reportedtohimasfollows:……\"Saturday，the5th，about8A。M。，hisMajestymountedtotheroofoftheHerrenhaushere，sometileshavingbeenremoved[forthatend，orbyaccident，isnotsaid]，andsawhowtheFrenchandReichsArmyweregettinginmovement\"——
wrigglingoutoftheirCampleftwards，evidentlyaimingtowardsGrost。\"Inaboutanhour，nearhalftheirArmywasthroughGrost，andhadturnedsouthward，rathersoutheastward，fromGrost，outintheRossbachandAlmsdorfregion，andproceedingstilltowardsPettstadt，\"——towardsSchevenrodamoreprecisely，nottowardsPettstadtyet。\"HisMajestylookedalwaysthroughtheperspective:
andtomewasthegracedonetobeeverathisside，andtonameforhimtheroadstheFrenchandReichsArmywasmarching。\"
[Muller，p。50；Rodenbeck，p。326。]
TheKinghadheardofthisphenomenonhoursbefore，andhadsentoutHussarsandscoutsuponit；butnowseesitwithhiseyes:——
\"GoingforFreiburg，andtheirbread—cupboard，\"thinkstheKing；
whodoesnotasyetmakemuchofthemovement；butwillwatchitwell，andcalculatestohaveastrokeattherearendofit，indueseason。Withwhichview，thecavalry，SeidlitzandMayer，areorderedtosaddle；footregiments，andallelse，tobeinreadiness。ThisFrench—ReichsDauphinessisnotrapidinherfield—
exercise；andhasagreatdealofwrigglingandunwindingbeforeshecanfairlypickherselfout，andgetforwardtowardsSchevenrodaontheFreiburgroad。Inthreeorintwoparallelcolumns，artillerybetweenthem，horseahead，horsearear；
hagglingalongthere；——makingfortheirbread—baskets，thinkstheKing。AbodyofFrench，horsechiefly，underSt。Germain，comeout，intheSchortau—Almsdorfpart，withsomesalvoingandprancing，asifintendingtoattackaboutRossbach，whereourleftwingis:
buthisMajestyseesittobeapretencemerely；andSt。Germain，motionless，anddoingnothingbutcannonadealittle，seemstoagreethatitisso。Dauphinesscontinuesherslowmovements；
King，inthisSquire’sMansionofRossbach，sitsdowntodinner，dinnerwithOfficersattheusualhourofnoon，——littledreamingwhattheDauphinesshasinherhead。
Truthis，theDauphinessisinexultantspirits，thismorning；
intendinggreatthingsagainstacertain\"littleMarquisofBrandenburg，\"towhomonedoessomuchhonor。GeneralslookingdownyesterdayontheKingofPrussia’sCamp，abletocounteverymaninit（andhalfthemenbeinginvisible，owingtobendsoftheground），countedhimto10，000orso；andhadsaid，\"Pshaw，arenotweabove50，000；letusendit！Takehimonhisleft。Roundyonder，tillwegetuponhisleft，andevenuponhisrearwithal，St。
Germainco—operatingontheothersideofhim:onleft，onrear，onfront，atthesamemoment，isnotthatasuregame？\"Averyticklishgame，answerssurlysagaciousLloyd:\"Nogeneralwillpermithimselftobetakeninflankwithhiseyesopen；andtheKingofPrussiaistheunlikeliestyoucouldtryitwith！\"
Tryingitmeanwhiletheyare；marchingalongbythelowgroundshere，intendingtosweepgraduallyleftwardstowardsJanus—Hillquarter；theretosweephomeuponhim，coilhimup，leftandrearandfront，intheirboa—constrictorfolds，andendhistrifleofanArmyandhim。\"Whynot，ifwedoourdutyatall，annihilatehistrifleofanArmy；takehimselfprisoner，andsoendit？\"
Reportsays，Soubisehadreally，insomemomentofenthusiasmlately，warnedtheVersaillespopulationstoexpectsuchathing；
andthattheDuchessofOrleans，forgetfulofpoorKingLouis’spresence，hadinHERenthusiasm，exclaimed:\"TANTMIEUX，IshallatlastseeaKing，then！\"ButperhapsitisamereFrenchepigram，suchasthewindsoftengeneratethere，andputdownforfact。——
Friedrich’sretreattoWeissenfelsiscutoffforFriedrich:
anAustrianpartyhasbeenattheHerren—MuhleBridgethismorning，hastornitupandpitcheditintotheriver；planksfarontoMerseburgbythistime。And，infact，unlessFriedrichbenimble——
Butthatheusuallyis。
Friedrich’sdinnerhadgoneonwithdeliberationforabouttwohours，Friedrich’sintentionsnotyetknowntoany，buteverybody，greatandsmall，waitingeagerlyforthem，likegreyhoundsontheslip，——whenAdjutantGaudi，whohadbeenontheHouse—topthewhile，rushesintotheDining—roomfasterthanheought，and，withsometremorinhisvoiceandeyes，reportshastily:
\"AtSchevenroda，atPettstadtyonder！Enemyhasturnedtoleft。
Clearlyfortheleft。\"——\"Well，andifhedo？Noflurryneeded，Captain！\"answeredFriedrich，——（NOTintheseprecisewords；
butrebukingGaudi，withalooknotoflaughterwholly，andwithacertainquestion，astothestateofGaudi’sstomachicpart，whichisstillknownintraditionarycircles，butisnotmentionablehere）；——andwent，withduegravity，himselftotheroof，withhisOfficers。\"Totheleft，sureenough；meaningtoattackusthere:\"
thethingFriedrichhaddespairedofisvoluntarilycoming，then；——
anditisathingofsternqualitieswithal；awageroflife，withgloriouspossibilitiesbehind。
Friedrichearnestlysurveysthephenomenonforsomeminutes；
insomeminutes，Friedrichseeshiswaythroughit，atleastintoit，andhowhewilldoit。Off，eastward；march！Swiftarehisorders；almoststillswifterthefulfillmentofthem。PrussianArmyisanimblearticleincomparisonwithDauphiness！Inhalfanhour’stime，allispackedandtotheroad；and，exceptMayerandcertainFree—CorpsorLight—Horse，toamuseSt。GermainandhisAlmsdorfpeople，thereisnotaPrussianvisibleintheselocalitiestoFrencheyes。\"Athalf—pasttwo，\"saystheSquire’sMan，——orletustakehimasentenceearlier，tolosenothingofsuchaDocument:\"AtnoonhisMajestytookdinner；sattillabouttwoo’clock；thenagainwenttotheroof；andperceivedthattheEnemy’sArmyatPettstadtwereturningaboutthelittleWoodtherenortheastward，asifforLunstadt[intotheLunstadtroad]；——suchcannonadingtoo，\"fromthoseAlmsdorfpeople，\"thattheballsflewoverourheads，\"——orItremulouslythoughtso。\"Athalf—pasttwo，thewordwasgiven，March！Andgoodspeedtheymadeaboutit，inthisHerrenhaus，andoutofdoorstoo，strikingtheirtents，andcordingupandtrimlyshoulderingeverythingwithincrediblebrevity，\"asifmachineryweredoingit；\"andatthree，onthePrussianpart，allwaspackedandoutintothecourtforbeingcarriedoff；and，infact，thePrussianArmywasonmarchatthree。\"Seidlitz，withallhisHorse，vanishingroundthecorneroftheHeight；speedingalong，invisibleonhisnorthernslopethere，straightfortheJanus—PolzenHillpart；theInfantryfollowing，double—quick；——wellknowing，each，whathehasgottodo。
Butatthisinterestingpoint，theEditors——smallthankstothem，authenticbutthrice—stupidmortals——cutshortourEye—witness，notsomuchastellingushisname，someofthemnotevenhisdateorwhereabouts；andsothecurtaintumblesdown（asifitsstringhadbeencut，orsuddenlyeatenbyunwiseanimals），andwearelefttograyhubbub，andourownresourcesatsecond—hand。ExceptonlythataFrenchOfficer——oneofthosecannonadingfromAlmsdorf，nodoubt——declaresthat\"itwaslikeachangeofsceneintheOpera（DECORATIOND’OPERA），\"[LetterinMULLER:p。60。InWESTPHALEN
（ii。128—133）isamuchsuperiorFrenchLetter，interceptedsomewhere，andfallentoDukeFerdinand；wellworthreading，onRossbachandthepreviousAffairs。]soveryrapid；andthat\"theyallrolledoffeastwardatquicktime。\"Atextremelyquicktime；
——andsoon，intheslighthollowbehindJanusHugel，vanishedfromsightoftheseAlmsdorfFrench，andoftheSoubise—HildburghausenArmyingeneral。Whichlatterisagreeablysurprisedatthephenomenon；anddrawsahighlyflatteringconclusionfromit。
\"Gone，then；offatdouble—quickforMerseburg；aha！\"thinktheSoubise—Hildburghausenpeople:\"Double—quickyoutoo，myprettymen，lesttheydowhiskaway，andwenevergetastrokeatthem，！\"——
Seidlitzmeanwhile，withhiscavalry（thirty—eightsquadrons，about4，000horse），israpidlydoingtheorderhehashad。Seidlitzatasharpmilitarytrot，andtheinfantryatdoublequicktokeepupnearhim，whichtheycannotquitedo，are，aswehavesaid，makingrightacrossforthePolzen—HillandJanus—Hillquarter；
theirroutethestring，Frenchroutethebow；andareinvisibletotheFrench，owingtotheheightsbetween。Seidlitz，whenhegetstotheproperpointeastward，willwheelabout，fronttosouthward，andbeourleftwing；infantry，ascentreandright，willappearinlikemanner；and——weshallsee！
TheexultantDauphiness，orSoubise—HildburghausenArmy（letuscallit，forbrevity’ssake，DauphinessorFrench，whichitmainlywas），onthatrapiddisappearanceofthePrussians，neverdoubtedbutthePrussianswereoffonflightforMerseburg，togetacrossbytheBridgethere。WhereatDauphiness，doublyexultant，mendedherownpace，cavalryatasharptrot，infantrydouble—quick，butunabletokeepup，——forthepurposeofcapturingorinterceptingtherunawayPrussians。Speed，myfriends，——ifyouwoulddoastrokeuponFriedrich，andshowtheVersaillespeopleaKingatlast！
Thusthey，hurryingon，intwoparallelcolumns，——infantry，longfloodsofit，comingdouble—quickbutsomewhatfallenbehind；
cavalry7，000orso，asvanguard，——fasterandfaster；
sweepingforwardontheirsouthernsideoftheJanus—and—Polzenslope，andnowratherclimbingthesame。
Seidlitzhashishussarpicketsonthetop，tokeephiminformedastotheirmotions，andhowfartheyaregot。Seidlitz，invisibleonthesouthslopeofthePolzenHugel，findsabouthalf—pastthreeP。M。thatheisnowfairlyaheadofDauphiness；Seidlitzhalts，wheels，comestothetop，\"Gottheflankofthem，sureenough！\"——