\"Ibegyoulaboratthisaffair。WhenonehatesromanceheroinesasheartilyasIdo，onedreadsthose’virtues’oftheferocioustype[LESVERTUSFAROUCHES，soterriblyawarethattheyarevirtuous]；andIhadrathermarrythegreatest——[unnamable]——inBerlin，thanadevoteewithhalfadozenghastlyhypocrites（CAGOTS）atherbeck。IfitwerestillMOGLICH[possible，inGerman]tomakeherCalvinist[REFORMEE；ourCourt—Creed，whichmighthaveanallayingtendency，andatleastwouldmakehergowiththestream]？ButIdoubtthat:——Iwillinsist，however，thatherGrandmotherhavethetrainingofher。Whatyoucandotohelpinthis，mydearFriend，Iampersuadedyouwilldo。
\"ItafflictedmealittlethattheKingstillhasdoubtsofme，whileIamobeyinginsuchamatter，diametricallyoppositetomyownideas。InwhatwayshallIofferstrongerproofs？ImaygivemyselftotheDevil，itwillbetonopurpose；nothingbuttheoldsongoveragain，doubtondoubt。——Don’timagineIamgoingtodisobligetheDuke，theDuchessortheDaughter，Ibeseechyou！
Iknowtoowellwhatisduetothem，andtoomuchrespecttheirmerits，nottoobservethestrictestrulesofwhatisproper，——
evenifIhatedtheirprogenyandthemlikethepestilence。
\"IhopetospeaktoyouwithopenheartatBerlin。——Youmaythink，too，howIshallbeembarrassed，havingtodotheAMOROSOperhapswithoutbeingit，andtotakeanappetiteformuteugliness，——forIdon’tmuchtrustCountSeckendorf’stasteinthisarticle，\"——inspiteofhistestimoniesinTobacco—Parliamentandelsewhere。
\"Monsieur！Oncemore，getthisPrincesstolearnbyhearttheECOLEDESMARISandtheECOLEDESFEMMES；thatwilldohermuchmoregoodthanTRUECHRISTIANITYbythelateMr。Arndt！[JohannArndt（\"late\"thislongwhileback），VonwahrenChristenthum，Magdeburg，1610。]If，besides，shewouldlearnsteadinessofhumor（TOUJOURSDANSERSURUNPIED），learnmusic；and，NOTABENE，becomerathertoofreethantoovirtuous，——
ahthen，mydearGeneral，thenIshouldfeelsomelikingforher，andaColinmarryingaPhyllis，thecouplewouldbeinaccordance:
butifsheisstupid，naturallyIrenouncetheDevilandher。——
ItissaidshehasaSister，whoatleasthascommonsense。
Whytaketheeldest，ifso？TotheKingitmustbeallone。
ThereisalsoaPrincessChristinaMarieofEisenach[realnamebeingChristinaWILHELMINA，butnomatter]，whowouldbequitemyfit，andwhomIshouldliketotryfor。Infine，ImeantocomesoonintoyourCountries；[Didcome，26thFebruary，asweshallsee。]andperhapswillsaylikeCaesar，VENI，VIDI，VICI。\"……
ParagraphoftragiccomplimentstoGrumkowweomit。Letterendsinthisway:——
\"YourBaireuthNewsisveryinteresting；Ihope，inSeptembernext[timeofagrandproblemcomingthereforWilhelmina]，mySisterwillrecoverherfirsthealth。IfIgotravelling，Ihopetohavetheconsolationofseeingherforafortnightorthreeweeks；
Ilovehermorethanmylife；andforallmyobediencestotheKing，surelyIshalldeservethatrecompense。ThediversionsfortheDukeofLorraineareverywellschemed；but\"——butwhatmortalcannowcareaboutthem？Close，andseal。[Forster，iii。160—162；
OEuvresdeFrederic，xvi，37—39。]
AstothisDukeofLorrainejustcoming，heisFranzStephan，apleasantyoungmanoftwenty—five，sonofthatexcellentDukeLeopoldJoseph，whomyoungLytteltonofHagleywassotakenwith，whiletouringinthosepartsintheCongress—of—Soissonstime。
ExcellentDukeLeopoldJosephissincedead；andthisFranzhassucceededtohim，——whatsuccessiontherewas；forLorraineasaDukedomhasitsneckunderthefootofFrancethisgreatwhile，andisevidentlynotlongforthisworld。OldFleury，mensay，hashiseyeuponit。Andinfactitwas，asweshallsee，eatenupbyFleurywithinfouryears’time；andthisFranzprovedthelastofalltheDukesthere。Letreadersnoticehim:amanofhighdestinyotherwise，ofwhomwearetohearmuch。FortenyearspasthehaslivedaboutVienna，beingabornCousinofthatHouse（GrandmotherwasKaiserLeopold’sownSister）；anditisunderstood，nayitisprivatelysettledheistomarrythetranscendentArchduchess，peerlessMariaTheresaherself；andistoreap，he，thewholeharvestofthatPragmaticSanctionsownwithsuchtravailoftheUniverseatlarge。MaybeKingoftheRomans（whichmeanssuccessortotheKaisership）anyday；andactualKaiseroneday。
Wemayaswellsayhere，hedidatlengthachievethesedignities，thoughnotquiteinthetimeoronthetermsproposed。KingoftheRomansoldKaiserKarlnevercouldquiteresolvetomakehim，——
havingalwayshopesofmaleprogenyyet；whichnevercame。ForhispeerlessBridehewaitedsixyearsstill（owingtoaccidents），\"attachmentmutualallthewhile；\"didthenwed，1738，andwasthehappiestofmenandexpectantKaisers:——butfound，atlength，thePragmaticSanctiontohavebeenastrangesowingofdragon’s—teeth，andthefirstharvestreapablefromitaworldofarmedmen！——ForthepresentheisonagrandTour，forinstructionandotherobjects；hasbeeninEnglandlast；andisnowgettinghomewardsagain，toVienna，acrossGermany；conciliatingtheCourtsashegoes。Apacificfriendlyeupepticyoungman；
Crown—PrinceFriedrich，theysay，tookmuchtohiminBerlin；
didnotquitesweareternalfriendship；butkeptupsomecorrespondenceforawhile，and\"oncesendshimapresentofsalmon。\"——ButtoproceedwiththeutterancestoGrumkow。
UtteranceSECONDisprobablyofpriordate；butintroduciblehere，beinganaccidentalFragment，withthedatelost:——
TOTHEFELDMARSCHALLVONGRUMKOW（fromtheCrown—Prince；exactdatelost）。
\"……AstowhatyoutellmeofthePrincessofMecklenburg，\"forwhomtheywantaBrandenburgPrince，——\"couldnotImarryher？
LethercomeintothisCountry，andthinknomoreofRussia:
shewouldhaveadowryoftwoorthreemillionsofroubles，——onlyfancyhowIcouldlivewiththat！Ithinkthatprojectmightsucceed。ThePrincessisLutheran；perhapssheobjectstogointotheGreekChurch？——IfindnoneoftheseadvantagesinthisPrincessofBevern；who，asmanypeople，evenoftheDuke’sCourt，say，isnotatallbeautiful，speaksalmostnothing，andisgiventopouting（FAISANTLAFACHEE）。ThegoodKaiserinnhassolittleherself，thatthesumsshecouldaffordherNiecewouldbeverymoderate。\"[FragmentgiveninSechendorfsLeben，iii。249u。]
\"Giventopouting，\"too！No，certainly；yourInsipidityofBrunswick，withoutprospectsofreadymoney；dangerousforCAGOTAGE；\"notawordtosayforherselfincompany，andgiventopouting:\"Idonotreckonhertheeligiblearticle！——
Seckendorf，Schulenburg，Grumkowandallhandsarebusyinthismatter:geeho—ingtheCrown—Princetowardsthemarksetbeforehim。Withorwithoutexplosion，arrivetherehemust；othergoalforhimisnone！——Inthemeanwhile，itappears，illustriousFranzofLorraine，comingon，amidtheproperdemonstrations，throughMagdeburgandthePrussianTowns，hascaughtsomeslightillnessandbeenobligedtopause；sothatBerlincannothavethehappinessofseeinghimquitesosoonasitexpected。ThehighguestsinvitedtomeetDukeFranz，especiallythehighBrunswicks，arealreadythere。HighBrunswicks，BevernwithDuchess，andstillmoreimportant，withSonandwithDaughter:——insipidCORPUS
DELICTIherselfhasappearedonthescene；andGrumkow，wefind，hasbeenwritingsomedescriptionofhertotheCrown—Prince。
Descriptionofanunfavorablenature；belowthetruth，notaboveit，toavertdisappointment，naytocreatesomegleamofinversejoy，whentheactualmeetingoccurs。ThatishisartindrivingthefierylittleArabignominiouslyyokedtohim；anditisclearhehasoverdoneit，foronce。ThisisFriedrich’sTHIRDutterancetohim；muchthemostemphaticthereis:——
TOTHEGENERALFELDMARSCHALLVONGRUMKOW。
\"CUSTRIN，19thFebruary，1732。
\"Judge，mydearGeneral，ifIcanhavebeenmuchcharmedwiththedescriptionyougiveoftheabominableobjectofmydesires！
FortheloveofGod，disabusetheKinginregardtoher[showhimthatsheisafool，then]；andlethimrememberwellthatfoolscommonlyarethemostobstinateofcreatures。
\"SomemonthsagohewroteaLettertoWalden，\"theobsequiousGoldstick，\"ofhisgivingmethechoiceofseveralPrincesses:
Ihopehewillnotgivehimselfthelieinthat。IreferyouentirelytotheLetter，whichSchulenburgwillhavedelivered，\"——
littleSchulenburgcalledhere，inpassingyourway；allhandsbusy。\"Forthereisnohopeofwealth，noreasoning，norchanceoffortunethatcouldchangemysentimentasexpressedthere[namely，thatIwillnothaveher，whateverbecomeofme]；andmiserableformiserable，itisallone！LettheKingbutthinkthatitisnotforhimselfthatheismarryingme，butforMYself；nayhetoowillhaveathousandchagrins，toseetwopersonshatingoneanother，andthemiserablestmarriageintheworld；——toheartheirmutualcomplaints，whichwillbetohimsomanyreproachesforhavingfashionedtheinstrumentofouryoke。AsagoodChristian，lethimconsider，Ifitiswelldonetowishtoforcepeople；
tocausedivorces，andtobetheoccasionofallthesinsthatanill—assortedmarriageleadsustocommit！Iamdeterminedtofronteverythingintheworldsooner:andsincethingsareso，youmayinsomegoodwayapprisetheDuke\"ofBevern\"that，happenwhatmay，Ineverwillhaveher。
\"Ihavebeenunfortunate（MALHEUREUX）allmylife；andIthinkitismydestinytocontinueso。Onemustbepatient，andtakethetimeasitcomes。Perhapsasuddentractofgoodfortune，onthebackofallthechagrinsIhavemadeprofessionofeversinceI
enteredthisworld，wouldhavemademetooproud。Inaword，happenwhatwill，Ihavenothingtoreproachmyselfwith。Ihavesufferedsufficientlyforanexaggeratedcrime[thatof\"attemptingtodesert；\"——Heavens！]——andIwillnotengagemyselftoextendmymiseries（CHAGRINS）intofuturetimes。Ihavestillresources:——apistol—shotcandelivermefrommysorrowsandmylife:andIthinkamercifulGodwouldnotdamnmeforthat；
but，takingpityonme，would，inexchangeforalifeofwretchedness，grantmesalvation。Thisiswhitherwarddespaircanleadayoungperson，whosebloodisnotsoquiescentasifhewereseventy。Ihaveafeelingofmyself，Monsieur；andperceivethat，whenonehatesthemethodsofforceasmuchasI，ourboilingbloodwillcarryusalwaystowardsextremities……\"Iftherearehonestpeopleintheworld，theymustthinkhowtosavemefromoneofthemostperilouspassagesIhaveeverbeenin。Iwastemyselfingloomyideas；IfearIshallnotbeabletohidemygrief，oncomingtoBerlin。ThisisthesadstateIamin；——butitwillnevermakemechangefrombeing，\"——surelytoanexcessivedegree，theillustriousGrumkow’smost&c。&c。
\"FRIDERIC。\"
\"IhavereceivedaLetterfromtheKing；allagog（BIENCOIFFE）
aboutthePrincess。IthinkImaystillfinishtheweekhere。
[26th，didarriveinBerlin:Preuss（inOEuvres，xxvii。part3d，p。58n）。]Whenhisfirstfireofapprobationisspent，youmight，praisingherallthewhile，leadhimtonoticeherfaults。MonDieu，hashenotalreadyseenwhatanill—assortedmarriagecomesto，——mySisterofAnspachandherHusband，whohateoneanotherlikethefire！Hehasathousandvexationsfromiteveryday……AndwhataimhastheKing？Ifitistoassurehimselfofme，thatisnottheway。MadamofEisenachmightdoit；butafoolnot（POINTUNEBETE）；——onthecontrary，itismorallyimpossibletolovethecauseofourmisery。TheKingisreasonable；andIampersuadedhewillunderstandthishimself。\"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xvi。41，42。]
Verypassionatepleading；butitmightaswelladdressitselftotheeast—winds。Haveeast—windsaheart，thattheyshouldfeelpity？JARNI—BLEU，HerrFeldzeugmeister，——onlytakecarehedon’toversetthingsagain！
Grumkow，inthesesamehours，iswritingaLettertothePrince，whichwestillhave，[Ib。xvi。43。]HowcharmedhisMajestyisatsuchobedience；\"shedtearsofjoy，\"writesGrumkow，\"andsaiditwasthehappiestdayofhislife。\"JudgeGrumkow’sfeelingssoonafter，onthisfuriousrecalcitrationbreakingout！Grumkow’sAnswer，whichalsowestillhave[Ib。xvi。pp。44—46。]istruculenceitselfinapoliteform:——horror—struckasaChristianatthesuicidenotion，atthe——infactatthewholematter；
andbegs，asahumbleindividual，notwishfulofviolentdeathanddestructionuponselfandfamily，towashhispoorhandsofitaltogether。Dangerousforthelikeofhim；\"interferingbetweenRoyalFatherandRoyalSonofsuchoppositehumors，wouldbreaktheneckofanyman，\"thinksGrumkow；andsumsupwiththispithyreminiscence:\"Irememberalwayswhat，theKingsaidtomeatWusterhausen，whenyourRoyalHighnesslayprisonerintheCastleofCustrin，andIwishedtotakeyourpart:’NeinGrumkow，denketandieseStelle，Gottgebedassichnichtwahrrede，abermeinSohnstirbtnichteinesnaturlichenTodes；
undGottgebedassernichtunterHenkersHandekomme。No，Grumkow，thinkofwhatInowtellyou:Godgrantitdonotcometrue，——butmySonwon’tdieanaturaldeath；GodgranthedonotcomeintotheHangman’shandsyet！’Ishudderedatthesewords，andtheKingrepeatedthemtwicetome:thatistrue，ormayIneverseeGod’sface，orhavepartinthemeritsofourLord。\"——TheCrown—Prince’s\"pleadings\"mayfitlyterminatehere。
DUKEOFLORRAINEARRIVESINPOTSDAMANDINBERLIN。
Saturday，23dFebruary，1732，hisSereneHighnessofLorrainedidatlengthcometohand。ArrivedinPotsdamthatday；wherethetwoMajesties，withtheSereneBeverns，withthePrinceAlexanderofWurtemberg，andtheotherhighguests，hadbeensometimeinexpectation。Suitablepersonsinvitedfortheoccasion:Bevern，atitularAustrianFeldmarschall；PrinceAlexanderofWurtemberg，anactualone（pooroldEberhardLudwig’sCousin，andlikelytobeHeirtheresoon）；highquasi—AustrianSerenities；——nottomentionSchulenburgandothersofficiallyrelatedtoAustria，oracquaintedwithit。NothingcouldbemoredistinguishedthanthewelcomeofDukeFranz；andthethingshesawanddid，duringhisthreeweeks’visit，arewonderfultoFassmannandtheextinctGazetteers。SawthePotsdamGiantsdotheir\"EXERCITIA，\"
transcendentinperfection；hadaboar—hunt；\"diddivineserviceinthePotsdamCatholicChurch；\"——wentbyhimselftoSpandau，ontheTuesday（26th），whereallthegunsbrokeforth，anddinnerwasready:King，QueenandPartyhavingmadeoffforBerlin，intheinterim，tobereadyforhisadventthere\"intheeveningabout，five。\"MajestieswaitatBerlin，withtheirParty，——amongwhom，saytheoldNewspapers，\"ishisRoyalHighnesstheCrown—Prince:\"
Crown—PrincejustcomeinfromCustrin；justblessedwiththefirstsightofhisCharmer，whomhefindsperceptiblylessdetestablethanheexpected。
SereneHighnessofLorrainearrivedpunctuallyatfive，withoutburstofalltheartilleriesandhospitalities；balls，soirees，EXERCITIAoftheKleistRegiment，oftheGerns—d’Armes；
dinnerswithGrumkow，dinnerswithSeckendorf，eveningpartywiththeMargravinePhilip（Margravineinhighcolors）；——onescenicmiraclesucceedinganother，foraboveafortnighttocome。
TheveryfirstspectaclehisHighnesssaw，aprivateone，andofnointenseinteresttohim，weshallmentionhereforourownbehoof。\"AnhourafterhisarrivaltheDukewascarriedawaytohisExcellencyHerrCreutztheFinance—Minister’s；toattendaweddingthere，alongwithhisMajesty。WeddingofExcellencyCreutz’sonlyDaughtertotheHerrHOFJAGERMEISTERvonHacke。\"——
HOFJAGERMEISTER（MasteroftheHunt），andmorespecificallyCaptainHacke，ofthePotsdamGuardorGiantregiment，muchanddeservedlyafavoritewithhisMajesty。Majestyhasknown，alongwhile，themeritsmilitaryandotherofthisHacke；avaliantexpertexactman，ofgoodstature，goodserviceamongtheGiantsandotherwise，thoughnothimselfgigantic；agenowturnedofthirty；——andunluckilylittlebuthispaytodependon。Majesty，bywayofincrementtoHacke，smallincrementonthepecuniaryside，haslatelymadehim\"MasteroftheHunt；\"will，beforelong，makehimAdjutant—General，andhisright—handmaninArmymatters，wereheonlyrich；——has，inthemeanwhile，madethisexcellentmatchforhim；whichsuppliesthatdefect。MajestywasthemakingofCreutzhimself；whoisgrownveryrich，andhasbutoneDaughter:\"LetHackehaveher！\"hisMajestyadvised；——andsnatchesofftheDukeofLorrainetoseeitdone。[Fassmann，p。430。]
DidthereadereverhearofFinance—MinisterCreutz，onceapoorRegiment’sAuditor，whenhisMajesty，asyetCrown—Prince，foundtalentinhim？Canreadersfishupfromtheirmemory，twentyyearsback，anythingofaterrificSpectrewalkingintheBerlinPalace，forcertainnights，duringthat\"StralsundExpedition\"orfamedSwedish—Wartime，totheterrorofmankind？TerrificSpectre，thoughttobeinSwedishpay，——properlyaspyScullion，inasmallconcernofGrumkowVERSUSCreutz？[Antea，vol。v。pp。356—358；
Wilhelmina。]ThisisthesameCreutz；ofwhomwehaveneverspokenmore，norshallagain，nowthathisrichDaughteriswellmarriedtoHacke，afavoriteofhisMajesty’sandours。ItwastheDuke’sfirstsightinBerlin；February26th；prologuetothefloodofscenicwondersthere。
Butperhapsthewonderfulestthing，hadhequiteunderstoodit，wasthatofthe10thMarch，whichhewasinvitedto。
LastobligationlaidupontheCrown—Prince，\"tobindhimtotheHouseofAustria，\"thatevening。Ofwhichtakethisaccount，externalandinternal，fromauthenticDocumentsinourhand。
BETROTHALOFTHECROWN—PRINCETOTHEBRUNSWICKCHARMER，NIECEOFIMPERIALMAJESTY，MONDAYEVENING，10thMARCH，1732。
DocumentFIRSTisofaninternalnature，fromthePrince’sownhand，writtentohisSisterfourdaysbefore:——
TOTHEPRINCESSWILHELMINAATBAIREUTH。
\"BERLIN，6thMarch，1732。
\"MYDEARESTSISTER，——NextMondaycomesmyBetrothal，whichwillbedonejustasyourswas。ThePersoninquestionisneitherbeautifulnorugly，notwantingforsense，butveryillbroughtup，timid，andtotallybehindinmannersandsocialbehavior（MANIERESDUSAVOIR—VIVRE）:thatisthecandidportraitofthisPrincess。Youmayjudgebythat，dearestSister，ifIfindhertomytasteornot。Thegreatestmeritshehasisthatshehasprocuredmethelibertyofwritingtoyou；whichistheonesolacementIhaveinyourabsence。
\"Younevercanbelieve，myadorableSister，howconcernedIamaboutyourhappiness；allmywishescentrethere，andeverymomentofmylifeIformsuchwishes。YoumayseebythisthatIpreservestillthatsincerefriendshipwhichhasunitedourheartsfromourtenderestyears:——recognizeatleast，mydearSister，thatyoudidmeasensiblewrongwhenyoususpectedmeofficklenesstowardsyou，andbelievedfalsereportsofmylisteningtotale—bearers；
me，wholoveonlyyou，andwhomneitherabsencenorlyingrumorscouldchangeinrespectofyou。Atleastdon’tagainbelievesuchthingsonmyscore，andnevermistrustmetillyouhavehadclearproof，——ortillGodhasforsakenme，andIhavelostmywits。
Andbeingpersuadedthatsuchmiseriesarenotinstoretooverwhelmme，IhererepeathowmuchIloveyou，andwithwhatrespectandsincereveneration，——Iamandshallbetilldeath，mydearestSister，——YourmosthumbleandfaithfulBrotherandValet，FRIDERICH。\"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。part1st，p。5]
ThatwasontheThursday；BetrothalisontheMondayfollowing。
DocumentSECONDisfrompooroldFassmann，andquiteofexternalnature；whichwemuchabridge:——
\"Mondayevening，allcreaturesareingala，andtheRoyalApartmentsupstairsarebrilliantlyalight；DukeofLorrainewiththeotherhighstrangersarerequestedtotaketheirplaceupthere，andwaitforashortwhile。PrussianMajesty，QueenandCrown—Princewithhim，proceedsthen，inasolemnofficialmanner，totheDurchlauchtofBevern’sApartment，inalowerfloorofthePalace；wheretheBevernParty，Duke，Duchess，SonandintendedCharmerare。PrussianMajestyaskstheDurchlauchtandSpouse，’WhethertheMarriage，sometimetreatedof，betweenthattheirPrincessherepresent，andthishisCrown—Princelikewisehere，isreallyathingtotheirmind？’SereneSpousesanswer，totheeffect，’Yea，surely，verymuch！’UponwhichtheyallsolemnlyascendtotheRoyalApartments[upstairswherewehaveseenWilhelminadancingbeforenow]，whereLorraine，Wurtembergandtheothersublimitiesareinwaiting。Lorraineandthesublimitiesformasemicircle；withthetwoMajesties，andpairofyoungcreatures，inthecentre。Youyoungcreatures，youareofoneintentionwithyourparentsinthismatter？Alas，thereisnodoubtofit。Pledgeyourselves，then，byexchangeofrings！saidhisMajestywithduebusinessbrevity。Theringsareexchanged:
Majestyembracesthetwoyoungcreatureswithgreattenderness；\"
asdoQueenandSerenities；andthenalltheworldtakestoembracingandcongratulating；andsothebetrothalisafinishedthing。Bassoonsandviolins，strikingup，whirlitoffinuniversaldancing，——in\"supperofabovetwohundredandsixtypersons，\"princelyorotherwisesublimeinrank，with\"spousesandnobleladiesthere\"inthedueproportion。
[Fassmann，pp。432，433。]
HereisfractionofanotherNotefromtheCrown—PrincetohisSisteratBaireuth，afortnightafterthatevent:——
BERLIN，24thMARCH，1732（toPrincessWilhelmina）。——……\"Godbepraisedthatyouarebetter，dearestSister！FornobodycanloveyoumoretenderlythanIdo。——AstothePrincessofBevern[myBetrothed]，theQueen[Mamma，whomyouhavebeenconsultingontheseetiquettes]bidsmeanswer，Thatyouneednotstyleher`Highness，’andthatyoumaywritetoherquiteastoanindifferentPrincess。Asto’kissingofthehands，’IassureyouI
havenotkissedthem，norwillkissthem；theyarenotprettyenoughtotemptonethatway。Godlongpreserveyouinperfecthealth！Andyou，preserveformealwaysthehonorofyourgoodgraces；andbelieve，mycharmingSister，thatneverbrotherintheworldlovedwithsuchtendernessasistersocharmingasmine；
inshort，believe，dearSister，thatwithoutcompliments，andinliteraltruth，Iamyourswholly（TOUTAVOUS），\"FRIDERICH。\"
[Ib。xxvii。part1st，p。5。]
ThisistheBetrothaloftheCrown—PrincetoanInsipidityofBrunswick。Insipidity’sprivatefeelings，perhapsofalanguidlygladsort，arenotknowntous；Crown—Prince’swehaveinpartseen。Hehasdecidedtoaccepthisfatewithoutamurmurfarther。
AgainsthispoorBrideorherqualitiesnotawordmore。IntheSchlossofBerlin，amidsuchtempestsoffemalegossip（MammastillsecretlycorrespondingwithEngland），hehastobeveryreserved，onthisheadespecially。Itisunderstoodhedidnot，inhisheart，nearlysomuchdisliketheinsipidPrincessashewishedPapatothinkhedid。
DukeFranzofLorrainewentoffaboveaweekago，ontheSaturdayfollowingtheBetrothal；anamiablesereneyounggentleman，welllikedbytheCrown—Princeandeverybody。\"HeavoidedtheSaxonCourt，thoughpassingnearit，\"onhiswaytooldKur—Mainz；
\"whichisasign，\"thinksFassmann，\"thatmutualmattersareonaweakfootinginthatquarter；\"——PragmaticSanctionneveracceptedthere，andplentyofintricaciesexisting。Crown—PrinceFriedrichmaynowgotoRuppinandtheRegimentGoltz；hisbusinessanddestiniesbeingnowallreducedtoasteadycondition；——steadysky，ratherleaden，insteadofthetempestuousthunder—and—
lightningweatherwhichthereheretoforewas。Leadensky，he，ifleftwelltohimself，willperhapsbrightenalittle。Studywillbepossibletohim；improvementofhisownfaculties，atanyrate。
Itismuchhisdetermination。Outwardly，besidesdrillingtheRegimentGoltz，hewillhaveasteadycorrespondencetokeepupwithhisBrunswickCharmer；——lethimseethathebenotslackinthat。
ChapterII。
SMALLINCIDENTSATRUPPIN。
Friedrich，aftersomefartherpauseinBerlin，tillthingsweregotreadyforhim，wenttoRuppin。ThisisintheSpringof1732；
[StillinBerlin，6thMarch；datesfromNAUEN（intheRuppinneighborhood）forthefirsttime，25thApril，1732，amonghisLETTERSyetextant:Preuss，OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。partlst，p。4；xvi。49。]andhecontinuedtohavehisresidencetheretillAugust，1736。Fourimportantyearsofyounglife；ofwhichwemustendeavortogive，insomeintelligiblecondition，whattracesgohoveringaboutinsuchrecordsasthereare。
Ruppin，whereliesthemainpartoftheRegimentGoltz，andwheretheCrown—PrinceColonelofitdwells，isaquietdull，littleTown，inthatnorthwesternregion；inhabitants，grownatthisdaytobe10，000，areperhapsguessablethenat2，000。RegimentGoltzdailyrollsitsdrumsinRuppin:Townotherwiselifelessenough，exceptonmarket—days:andthegrandesteventeverknowninit，thisremovaloftheCrown—Princethither，——whichisdoubtlessmuchatheme，andproudtemporarymiracle，toRuppinatpresent。
Ofsocietythereorintheneighborhood，forsucharesident，wehearnothing。
QuietRuppinstandsingrassyflatcountry，muchofwhichisnaturalmoor，andlessofitreclaimedatthattimethannow。
Theenvirons，exceptthattheyareabitoftheEarth，andhaveabitoftheskyoverthem，donotsetupforloveliness。
Naturalwoodsaboundinthatregion，alsopeat—bogsnotyetdrained；andfishylakesandmeres，ofadarkcomplexion:
plenteouscattlethereare，pigsamongthem；——thick—soledhusbandmeninarticulatelytoilingandmoiling。
Someglass—furnaces，aroyalestablishment，aretheonlymanufactureswehearof。Notapicturesquecountry；butaquietandinnocent，whereworkiscutout，andonehopestobewellleftaloneafterdoingit。ThisCrown—Princehasbeeninfarlessdesirablelocalities。
Hehadareasonablehouse，twohousesmadeintooneforhim，intheplace。Helaidoutforhimselfagardenintheoutskirts，withwhattheycalla\"temple\"init，——somemoreorlessornamentalgarden—house，——fromwhichIhavereadofhis\"lettingoffrockets\"
inasummertwilight。Rocketstoamuseasmalldinner—party，I
shouldguess，——dinnerofOfficers，suchashehadweeklyortwiceaweek。Onstillereveningswecanfancyhimthereinsolitude；
readingmeditative，ormusicallyfluting；——lookingoutuponthesilentdeathofDay:howthesummergloamingstealsoverthemoorlands，andoveralllands；shuttingupthetoilofmortals；
theirveryflocksandherdscollapsingintosilence，andthebigSkiesandendlessTimesoverarchinghimandthem。Withthoughtsperhapssombreenoughnowandthen，butprofitableifhefacethempiously。
HisFather’saffectionisreturning；wouldsofainreturnifitdurst。ButtheheartofPapahasbeensadlytornup:itistoogoodnewstobequitebelieved，thathehasasongrownwise，anddoingson—like！Rumoralsoisverybusy，rumorandtheTobacco—
Parliamentfororagainst；alittlerumoriscapableofstirringupgreatstormsinthesuspiciouspaternalmind。AllalongduringFriedrich’sabodeatRuppin，thisisaconstantlyrecurringweather—symptom；verygrievousnowandthen；nottobeguardedagainstbyanyprecaution；——thoughsteadypersistenceintheproperprecautionwillabateit，andasgoodasremoveit，incourseoftime。AlreadyFriedrichWilhelmbeginstounderstandthat\"thereismuchinthisFritz，\"——whoknowshowmuch，thoughofadifferenttypefromPapa’s？——andthatitwillbebetterifheandPapa，sodiscrepantintype，andticklishlyrelatedotherwise，livenottooconstantlytogetherasheretofore。WhichisemphaticallytheCrown—Prince’snotiontoo。
IperceivehereadagreatdealatRuppin:whatBooksIknownotspecially:butjudgethemtobeofmoreserioussolidqualitythanformerly；andthathisreadingisnowgenerallyakindofstudyingaswell。NottheexpressSciencesorTechnologies；notthese，inanysort，——exceptthemilitary，andthatanexpressexception。
Thesehenevercaredfor，orregardedasthenobleknowledgesforakingorman。HistoryandMoralSpeculation；whatmankindhavedoneandbeeninthisworld（sofaras\"History\"willgiveoneanyglimpseofthat），andwhatthewisestmen，poeticalorother，havethoughtaboutmankindandtheirworld:thisiswhatheevidentlyhadtheappetitefor；appetiteinsatiable，whichlastedwithhimtotheveryendofhisdays。Fontenelle，Rollin，Voltaire，allthethenFrenchlights，andgraduallyothersthatlaydeeperinthefirmament:——whatsuppersofthegodsonemayprivatelyhaveatRuppin，withoutexpenseofwine！Suchanopportunityforreadinghehadneverhadbefore。
Inhissoldierbusinessheispunctual，assiduous；havinganinteresttoshinethatway。Andis，infact，approvableasapracticalofficerandsoldier，bythestrictestjudgethenliving。
Readsonsoldieringwithal；studioustoknowtherationaleofit，theancientandmodernmethodsofit，theessentialfromtheunessentialinit；tounderstanditthoroughly，——whichhegottodo。Onealreadyhearsofconferences，correspondences，withtheOldDessaueronthishead:\"AccountoftheSiegeofStralsund，\"
withplans，withdidacticcommentaries，drawnupbythatgunpowderSageforbehoofoftheCrown—Prince，didactuallyexist，thoughI
knownotwhathasbecomeofit。NowandafterwardsthisCrown—
Princemusthavebeenagreatmilitaryreader。FromCaesar’sCOMMENTARIES，andearlier，totheChevalierFolard，andtheMarquisFeuquiere；[MemoiressurlaGuerre
（speciallyontheWarsofLouisXIV。，inwhichFeuquierehadhimselfshone）:anewBookatthistime（Amsterdam，1731；
firstCOMPLETEeditionis，Paris，1770，4vols。4to）；atRuppin，andafterwards，achieffavoritewithFriedrich。]fromEpaminondasatLeuctratoCharlesXII。atPultawa，allmannerofMilitaryHistories，weperceive，areathisfinger—ends；andhehaspenetratedintotheessentialheartofeach，andlearntwhatithadtoteachhim。Somethingofthis，howmuchweknownot，beganatRuppin；anditdidnotendagain。
Onthewhole，Friedrichispreparedtodistinguishhimselfhenceforthbystrictlyconforming，inalloutwardparticularspossible，tothepaternalwill，andbecomingthemostobedientofsons。Partlyfrompolicyandnecessity，partlyalsofromloyalty；
forheloveshisruggedFather，andbeginstoperceivethatthereismoresenseinhisperemptorynotionsthanatfirstappeared。
Theyoungmanishimselfratherwild，aswehaveseen，withplentyofyouthfulpetulanceandlongingsafterforbiddenfruit。Andthenhelivesinanelementofgossip；hiswholelifeenvelopedinavastDionysius’—Ear，everywordandactionliabletobedebatedinTobacco—Parliament。Heisveryscarceofmoney，too，Papa’sallowancebeingextremelymoderate，\"notabove6，000thalers（900
pounds），\"saysSeckendorfonce。[Forster，iii。114（SeckendorftoPrinceEugene）。]Therewillbecontradictionsenoughtosettle:
caution，silence，everykindofprudencewillbemuchrecommendable。
InalloutwardparticularstheCrown—Princewillconform；intheinward，hewillexerciseajudgment，andifhecannotconform，willatleastbecarefultohide。TodohisCommandantdutiesatRuppin，andavoidoffences，ismuchhisdetermination。Weobservehetakesgreatchargeofhismen’shealth；hastheRegimentGoltzinashininglyexactconditionatthegrandreviews；——isveryindustriousnowandafterwardstogettallrecruits，asadaintytoPapa。KnowsthatnothinginNatureissosureofconciliatingthatstrangeoldgentleman；corresponds，accordingly，indistantquarters；laysout，nowandafterwards，sumsfartooheavyforhismeansupontallrecruitsforPapa。Butitisgoodtoconciliateinthatquarter，byeverymethod，andateveryexpense；——ArgusofTobacco—Parliamentstillwatchingonethere；andRumorneedingtobeindustriouslydealtwith，difficulttokeepdown。Such，sofaraswecangather，isthegeneralfigureofFriedrich’slifeatRuppin。Specificfactsofit，anecdotesaboutit，arefewinthosedimBooks；areuncertainastotruth，andwithoutimportancewhethertrueornot。ForallhisgravityandColonelship，itwouldappeartheoldspiritoffrolichasnotquittedhim。Herearetwosmallincidents，pointingthatway；whichstandonrecord；
credibleenough，thoughvagueandwithoutimportanceotherwise。
IncidentFIRSTistothefollowingfeebleeffect；indisputablethoughextremelyunmomentous:RegimentGoltz，itappears，usedtohavegoldtrimmings；theColonelCrown—Princepetitionedthattheymightbeofsilver，whichhelikedbetter。Papaanswers，Yes。
RegimentGoltzgetsitsnewregimentalsdoneinsilver；
theColonelproposestheyshallsolemnlyBURNtheiroldregimentals。Andtheydoit，theOfficersofthem，SUBDIO，perhapsinthePrince’sgarden，strippiugsuccessivelyinthe\"Temple\"there，withsuchdegreeofgenialhumor，loudlaughter，oratleastboisterousmock—solemnity，asmaybeinthem。ThisisatrueincidentofthePrince’shistory，thoughasmallone。
IncidentSECONDisofslightlymoresignificance；andintimates，notbeingquitealoneinitskind，aquestionablehabitormethodtheCrown—PrincemusthavehadofdealingwithClericalPersonshereaboutswhentheyprovedtroublesome。HerearenofewerthanthreesuchPersons，orParsons，oftheRuppinCountry，whogotmischiefbyhim。Howthefirstgaveoffenceshallbeseen，andhowhewaspunished:offencesofthesecondandthethirdwecanonlyguesstohavebeenperhapspulpit—rebukesofsaidpunishments:
perhapsgeneralpreachingagainstmilitarylevities，wantofpiety，nayopensinfulness，inthoughtlessyoungmenwithcockades。Wherebythethoughtlessyoungmenwereagaindriventothinkofnocturnalcharivari？WewillgivethestoryinDr。Busching’sownwords，wholooksbeforeandaftertogreatdistances，inawayworthattendingto。TheHerrDoctor，anendlessCollectorandCompileronallmannerofsubjects，isveryauthenticalways，anddoesnotwantfornaturalsense:butheisalsoverycrude，——andhereandtherenotfarfromstupid，suchhiscontinualhaste，andslobberymannerofworkingupthoseHundredandoddVolnmesofhis:——[SeehisAutobiography，whichformsBeitrage，B。vi。（thebiggestandlastvolume）。]
\"Thesanguine—cholerictemperamentofFriedrich，\"saysthisDoctor，\"drovehim，inhisyouth，tosensualenjoymentsandwildamusementsofdifferentkinds；inhismiddleage，tofieryenterprises；andinhisoldyearstodecisionsandactionsofarigorousandvehementnature；yetsothattheprimaryformofutterance，asseeninhisyouth，neveraltogetherceasedwithhim。
Therearepeoplestillamongus（1788）whohavehad，intheirownexperience，knowledgeofhisyouthfulpranks；andyetmoreareliving，whoknowthathehimself，attable，wouldgaylyrecountwhatmerrystrokesweredonebyhim，orbyhisorder，inthoseyoungyears。Togiveaninstanceortwo。
\"WhilehewasatNeu—RuppinasColoneloftheInfantryRegimentthere，theChaplainofitsometimeswaiteduponhimaboutthetimeofdinner，——havingbeenusedtodineoccasionallywiththeformerColonel。TheCrown—Prince，however，puthimalwaysoff，didnotaskhimtodinner；spokecontemptuouslyofhiminpresenceoftheOfficers。TheChaplainwassoinconsiderate，hetooktogirdingattheCrown—Princeinhissermons。’Onceonatime，’preachedhe，oneday，’therewasHerodwhohadHerodiastodancebeforehim；
andhe，——hegaveherJohntheBaptist’sheadforherpains！’\"
ThisHEROD，Buschingsays，wasunderstoodtomean，andmeant，theCrown—Prince；HERODIAS，themerrycorpsofOfficerswhomadesportforhim；JOHNTHEBAPTIST’SHEADwasnootherthantheChaplainnotinvitedtodinner！\"Topunishhimforsuchasally，theCrown—
PrincewiththeyoungOfficersofhisRegimentwent，onenight，totheChaplain’shouse，\"somewherehardby，withcow’s—grassadjoiningtoit，aswesee:and\"first，theyknockedinthewindowsofhissleeping—roomuponhim[HINGE—windows，glassnotentirelybroken，wemayhope]；nexttherewerecrackers[SCHWARMER，\"enthusiasts，\"sotospeak！]throwninuponhim；
andtherebytheChaplain，andhispoorWife，\"moreorlessinaninterestingcondition，poorwoman，\"weredrivenoutintothecourt—yard，andatlastintothedung—heapthere；\"——andsoleft，withtheirHeadonaChargertothatterribleextent！
ThatisBusching’sversionofthestory；nodoubtsubstantiallycorrect；ofwhichtherearetracesinotherquarters，——foritwentfartherthanRuppin；andtheCrown—Princehadliketohavegotintotroublefromit。\"Hereispiety！\"saidRumor，carryingittoTobacco—Parliament。TheCrown—PrinceplaintivelyassuresGrumkowthatitwastheOfficers，andthattheygotpunishedforit。
Alikelystory，thePrince’s！
\"WhenKingFriedrich，inhisolddays，recountedthisafterdinner，inhismerrytone，hewaswellpleasedthattheguests，andeventhepagesandvaletsbehindhisback，laughedaloudatit。\"NotapiousoldKing，Doctor，stilllessanorthodoxone！
TheDoctorcontinues:\"Inalikestyle，atNauen，wherepartofhisregimentlay，hehad——bymeansofHerrvonderGroben，hisFirst—Lieutenant，\"muchacomradeofhis，asweotherwiseperceive——\"theDiaconusofNauenandhisWifehuntedoutofbed，andthrownintoterroroftheirlives，onenight:\"——offenceoftheDiaconusnotspecified。\"Nayhehimselfoncepitchedhisgold—headedstickthroughSalpiustheChurchInspector’swindow，\"
——offenceagainnotspecified，orperhapsmerelyforalittleartillerypractice？——\"andthethrowwassodexterousthatitmerelymadearoundholeintheglass:stickwaslyingonthefloor；andthePrince，\"onsomeexcuseorother，\"sentforitnextmorning。\"\"MargrafHeinrichofSchwedt，\"continuestheDoctor，verytrustworthyonpointsoffact，\"wasadiligenthelperinsuchoperations。Kaiserling，\"whomweshallhearof，\"First—LieutenantvonderGroben，\"thesewereprimehands；\"LieutenantBuddenbrock[oldFeldmarschall’sson]used，inhisolddays，whenhimselfgrownhighinrankanddiningwiththeKing，tobeappealedtoaswitnessforthetruthofthesestories。\"[Busching，
BeitragezuderLebensgeschichtedenkwurdigerPersonen，v。19—21。Vol。v。——whollyoccupiedwithFriedrichII。KingofPrussia（Halle，1788），——isaccessibleinFrenchandotherlanguages；manydetails，and（asBusching’swontis）fewornonenotauthentic，aretobefoundinit；averygreatsecretspleenagainstFriedrichisalsotraceable，——forwhichtheDoctormayhavehadhisreasons，notobligatoryuponreadersoftheDoctor。Thetruthis，Friedrichnevertooktheleastspecialnoticeofhim:merelyemployedandpromotedhim，whenexpedientforbothparties；andhereallywasamanofconsiderableworth，inanextremelycrudeform。]
ThesearethetwoIncidentsatRuppin，insuchlightastheyhave。
Andtheseareall。OpulentHistoryyieldsfromatonofbrokennailsthesetwobrassfarthings，andshutsherpocketonusagain。
ACrown—Princegiventofrolic，amongotherthings；thoughawarethatgravitywouldbeseemhimbetter。Muchgaybanteringhumorinhim，cracklings，radiations，——whichheisboundtokeepwellundercover，inpresentcircumstances。
ChapterIII。
THESALZBURGERS。
ForthreeyearspasttherehasbeenmuchrumoroverGermany，ofastrangeaffairgoingonintheremoteAustrianquarter，downinSalzburganditsfabulousTyrolesevalleys。Salzburg，cityandterritory，hasanArchbishop，nottheoreticallyAustrian，butsovereignPrincesostyled；itisfromhimandhisorthodoxies，andprankswithhissovereigncrosier，thatthenoiseoriginates。
StrangerumorofabodyofthepopulationdiscoveredtobeProtestantamongtheremoteMountains，andgettingmiserablyill—used，bytheRightReverendFatherinthoseparts。
Whichrumor，ofasingular，romantic，religiousinterestforthegeneralProtestantworld，provestobebuttoowellfounded。
IthascomeforthintheformofpracticalcomplainttotheCORPUS
EVANGELICORUMattheDiet，withoutresultfromtheCORPUS；
complainttovariouspersons；——infine，tohisMajestyFriedrichWilhelm，WITHresult。
Withresultatlast；actual\"EmigrationoftheSalzburgers:\"
andGermany——intheseverydayswhiletheCrown—PrinceisatBerlinbetrothinghimself，andFranzofLorrainewitnessingtheEXERCITIAandwondersthere——seesasingularphenomenonofatouchingidyllicnaturegoingon；andhasnotyetquiteforgottenitinourdays。SalzburgEmigrationwasallinmotion，flowingsteadilyonwards，byvariousroutes，towardsBerlin，atthetimetheBetrothaltookplace；andsevenweeksafterthatevent，whentheCrown—PrincehadgonetoRuppin，andagaincouldonlyhearofit，theFirstInstalmentofEmigrantsarrivedbodilyattheGatesofBerlin，\"30thApril，atfourintheafternoon；\"Majestyhimself，andalltheworldgoingouttowitnessit，withsomethingofapoetic:almostofapsalmistfeeling，aswellaswithapracticalonthepartofhisMajesty。FirstInstalmentthis；
copiouslyfollowedbyothers，allthatyear；andflowingon，insmallerrillsanddrippings，forseveralyearsmore，tillitgotcompleted。Anotablephenomenon，fulloflivelypicturesqueandotherinteresttoBrandenburgandGermany；——whichwasnotforgottenbytheCrown—Princeincomingyears，asweshalltransientlyfind；naywhichallGermanystillremembers，andevenoccasionallysings。Ofwhichthisisinbriefthehistory。
TheSalzburgCountry，northeasternslopeoftheTyrol（Donaudrainingthatsideofit，EtschorAdigetheItalianside），iscelebratedbytheTouristforitsairybeauty，rockymountains，smoothgreenvalleys，andswift—rushingstreams；perhapssomereadershavewanderedtoBad—Gastein，orIschl，inthesenomadicsummers；havelookedintoSalzburg，Berchtesgaden，andtheBavarian—Austrianboundary—lands；seenthewooden—clockmakings，salt—works，toy—manufactures，ofthosesimplepeopleintheirslouch—hats；andcanbearsometestimonytothephenomenaofNaturethere。SalzburgistheArchbishop’sCity，metropolisofhisbitofsovereigntythatthenwas。[TolerabledescriptionofitintheBaronRiesbeck’sTravelsthroughGermany
（London，1787，TranslationbyMaty，3vols。8vo），i。124—222；——
whosedetailsotherwise，onthisEmigrationbusiness，areofnoauthenticityorvalue。AkindofPlay—actorandmiscellaneousNewspaper—maninthattime（notsoopulenttohisclassasoursis）；whotakesthetitleof\"Baron\"onthisoccasionofcoming，outwithaBookofImaginary\"Travels。\"
Hadpersonallylived，practisingthemiscellaneousarts，aboutLintzandSalzburg，——andmaybeheardonthelookoftheCountry，ifonlittleelse。]AromanticCity，faroffamongitsbeautifulMountains，shadowing（itselfintheSalzaRiver，whichrushesdownintotheInn，intotheDonau，nowbecominggreatwiththetributeofsomanyvalleys。Salzburgwehavenotknownhithertoexceptasthefabulousresting—placeofKaiserBarbarossa:butwearenowslightlytoseeitinapracticallight；andmarkhowthememoryofFriedrichWilhelmmakesanincidentallodgmentforitselfthere。
ItiswellknowntherewasextensiveProtestantismonceinthosecountries。PriortotheThirty—YearsWar，thefairchancewas，AustriatoowouldallbecomeProtestant；anextensiveminorityamongallranksofmeninAustriatoo，definableastheseriousintelligenceofmankindinthosecountries，havingclearlyadoptedit，whomtheothersweresuretofollow。Inallranksofmen；
onlynotinthehighestrank，whichwaspleasedrathertocontinueOfficialandPapal。HighestrankhaditsThirty—YearsWar，\"itssleekFathersLummerleinandHyacinthinJesuitserge，itsterribleFathersWallensteininchain—armor；\"and，byworkinglateandearlythenandafterwards，didmanageatlengthtotrampleoutProtestantism，——theyknowwithwhatadvantagebythistime。
TrampleoutProtestantism；ordriveitintoremotenooks，whereundersadconditionsitmightprotractanunnoticedexistence。
IntheImperialFree—Towns，Ulm，Augsburg，andthelike，Protestantismcontinued，andunderhardconditionscontrivestocontinue:butinthecountryparts，exceptinunnoticednooks，itisextinct。SalzburgCountryisoneofthosenooks；anextensiveCrypto—Protestantismlodging，underthesimpleslouch—hats，intheremotevalleysthere。Protestantismpeaceablykeptconcealed，hurtingnobody；wholesomelyforwardingthewooden—clockmanufacture，andarableorgrazierhusbandries，ofthosepoorpeople。MoreharmlesssonsofAdam，probably，didnotbreathethevitalair，thanthosedissentientSalzburgers；generationaftergenerationofthemgivingoffencetonocreature。
SuccessiveArchbishopshadknownofthisCrypto—Protestantism，andinremoteperiodshadmadeoccasionalslightattemptsuponit；
butnoneatallforalongtimepast。Allattemptsthatway，asineffectualforanypurposebutstirringupstrife，hadbeendiscontinuedformanygenerations；[Buchholz，i。148—151。]andtheCrypto—Protestantismwasagainbecomeamythicalromanticobject，ignoredbyOfficialpersons。However，in1727，therecameanewArchbishop，one\"Firmian\"，CountFirmianbysecularquality，ofastrictleancharacter，zealousratherthanwise；whohadbroughthisorthodoxieswithhiminarigidandveryleanform。
RightReverendFirmianhadnotbeenlonginSalzburgtillhesmeltouttheCrypto—Protestantism，anddeterminedtohaulitforthfromthemythicalconditionintothepractical；andinfact，toseehislaw—beaglesthereworryittodeathastheyought。HencetherumorsthathadrisenoverGermany，in1729:Law—terrierspenetratingintohumancottagesinthoseremoteSalzburgvalleys，smellingoutsomeGermanBibleordevoutBook，makinglistsofBible—readingcottagers；halingthemtotheRightReverendFather—
in—God；thencetoprison，sincetheywouldnotundertaketoceasereading。Withfine，withconfiscation，tribulation:forthepeaceableSalzburgers，respectfulcreatures，doffingtheirslouch—
hatsalmosttomankindingeneral，wereentirelyobstinateinthatmatteroftheBible。\"Cannot，yourReverence；mustnot，darenot！\"
andwenttoprisonorwhithersoeverrather；awidecryrising，LetussellourpossessionsandleaveSalzburgthen，accordingtoTreatyofWestphalia，Articleso—and—so。\"TreatyofWestphalia？
LeaveSalzburg？\"shriekedtheRightReverendFather:\"Arewegettingintoopenmutiny，then？Openextensivemutiny！\"shriekedhe。BorrowedacoupleofAustrianregiments，——Kaiserandwealwaysonthepleasantestterms，——andmarchedthemostrefractoryofhisSalzburgersoverthefrontiers（retainingtheirpropertiesandfamilies）；whereuponnoiseroselouderandlouder。
RefractorySalzburgerssentDeputiestotheDiet；appealed，complainedtotheCORPUSEVANGELICORUM，TreatyofWestphaliainhand，——withoutresult。CORPUS，havingverifiedmatters，complainedtotheKaiser，totheRightReverendFather。TheKaiser，intentongettinghisPragmaticSanctionthroughtheDiet，andanxioustooffendnobodyatpresent，gavegoodwords；butdidnothing:
theRightReverendFatheransweredaLetterortwofromtheCORPUS；thensaidatlast，HewishedtoclosetheCorrespondence，hadthehonortobe，——andanswerednofarther，whenwrittento。
CORPUSwaswithoutresult。Soitlastedthrough1730；rumor，whichrosein1729，waxingeverlouderintopracticableorimpracticableshape，throughthatnextyear；tribulationincreasinginSalzburg；
andnoiseamongmankind。Intheendof1730，theSalzburgerssentTwoDeputiestoFriedrichWilhelmatBerlin；solid—hearted，thick—
soledmen，abletoanswerforthemselves，andgiverealaccountofSalzburgandthephenomena；thisbroughtmattersintoapracticablestate。
\"AreyouactualProtestants，theTreatyofWestphaliaapplicabletoyou？Notmerefanaticmystics，asRightReverendFirmianasserts；protectiblebynoTreaty？\"ThatwasFriedrichWilhelm’sfirstquestion；andhesethistwochiefBerlinClergymen，learnedRoloffoneofthem，adivineofmuchfame，tocatechisethetwoSalzburgDeputies，andreportuponthepoint。TheirReport，datedBerlin，30thNovember，1730，withspecimensofthemainquestions，Ihaveread；[Fassmann，pp。446—448。]andcanfullycertify，alongwithRoloffandfriend，ThathereareorthodoxProtestants，apparentlyofverypiouspeaceablenature，sufferinghardwrong；——
orthodoxbeyonddoubt，andcoveredbytheTreatyofWestphalia。
WhereuponhisMajestydismissesthemwithassurance，\"Return，andsaythereshallbehelp！\"——andstraightwaylayshandonthebusiness，strongswiftsteadyhandasusual，withaviewthatway。
Salzburgbeingnowaclearcase，FriedrichWilhelmwritestotheKaiser；totheKingofEngland，KingofDenmark；——orderspreparationstobemadeinPreussen，vacantmessuagestobesurveyed，moneystobelaidup；——bidshismanattheRegensburgDietsignify，Thatunlessthisthingisrectified，hisPrussianMajestywillseehimselfnecessitatedtotakeeffectualsteps:
\"reprisals\"thefirststep，accordingtotheoldmethodofhisPrussianMajesty。RumoroftheSalzburgProtestantsriseshigherandhigher。KaiserintentonconciliatingeveryCORPUS，Evangelicalandother，forhisPragmaticSanction’ssake，admonishesRightReverendFirmian；intimatesatlasttohim，Thathewillactuallyhavetoletthosepoorpeopleemigrateiftheydemandit；TreatyofWestphaliabeingexpress。Intheendof1731
ithascomethusfar。
\"Emigrate，saysyourImperialMajesty？Well，theyshallemigrate，\"
answersFirmian；\"thesoonerthebetter！\"Andstraightway，inthedeadofwinter，marches，inconvenientdivisions，someninehundredofthemoverthefrontiers:\"Goaboutyourbusiness，then；
emigrate——totheOldOne，ifyoulike！\"——\"Andourproperties，ourgoodsandchattels？\"askthey。——\"Bethankfulyouhavekeptyourskins。Emigrate，Isay。！\"Andthepoorninehundredhadtogoout，intherigorofwinter，\"hoaryoldmenamongthem，andwomencomingneartheirtime；\"andseekquartersinthewideworldmostlyunknowntothem。TrulyFirmianisanorthodoxHerr；
acquaintedwiththelawsoffairusageandthetimeofday。
ThesleepingBarbarossadoesnotawakenuponhimwithintheHillhere:——butintheRoncalicFields，longago，Ishouldnothavelikedtostandinhisshoes！
FriedrichWilhelm，onthisprocedureatSalzburg，intimatestohisHalberstadtandMindenCatholicgentlemen，ThattheirEstablishmentsmustbelockedup，andincomingssuspended；
thattheycanapplytotheRightReverendFirmianuponit；——andbidshismanatRegensburgsignifytotheDietthatsuchisthecourseadoptedhere。RightReverendFirmianhastoholdhishand；
findsboththatthereshallbeEmigration，andthatitmustgoforwardonhumanterms，notinhuman；andthatinfacttheTreatyofWestphaliawillhavetoguideit，nothehenceforth。ThosepooroustedSalzburgerscowerintotheBavariancities，tilltheweathermend，andhisPrussianMajesty’sarrangementsbecompletefortheirbrethrenandthem。
HisPrussianMajestyhasbeenmaturinghisplans，allthiswhile；
——gatheringmoneys，gettinglandsready。WesawhimhangingSchlubhutintheautumnof1731，whohadpeculatedfromsaidmoneys；andsurveyingPreussen，understormsofthunderandrainononeoccasion。Preussenistobetheplaceforthesepeople；
TilsitandMemelregion，samewherethebigFightofTannenbergandruinoftheTeutschRitterstookplace:inthatfinefertileCountrytherearehomesgotreadyforthisEmigrationoutofSalzburg。
Longago，atthebeginningofthisHistory，didnotthereaderhearofapestilenceinPrussianLithuania？PestilenceinoldKingFriedrich’stime；forwhichthethenCrown—Prince，nowMajestyFriedrichWilhelm，vainlysolicitedhelpfromtheTreasury，andonlybroughtaboutpartialchangeofMinistryandnohelp。
\"Fifty—twoTowns\"weremoreorlessentirelydepopulated；hundredsofthousandsoffertileacresfelltowasteagain，thehandsthathadploughedthembeingsweptaway。ThenewMajesty，sosoonasevertheSwedishWarwasgotridof，tookthismatterdiligentlyinhand；builtupthefifty—tworuinedTowns；issuedProclamationsonceandagain（Years1719，1721）totheWetterau，toSwitzerland，Saxony，Schwaben；[Buchholz，i。148。]invitingColoniststocome，and，onfavorableterms，tillandreapthere。Histermsarefavorable，well—considered；andarehonestlykept。HehasafixedsetoftermsforColonists:theirroad—expensesthither，somuchadayallowedeachtravellingsoul；homesteads，ploughingimplements，cattle，land，awaitthemattheirjourney’send；
theirrentandservices，accuratelyspecified，arelightnotheavy；and\"immunities\"fromthisandthataregrantedthem，forcertainyears，tilltheygetwellnestled。Excellentarrangements:
andhisMajestyhas，infact，gotabout20，000familiesinthatway。Andstillthereisroomforthousandsmore。SothatifthetyrannousFirmiantooktotribulatingSalzburginthatmanner，HeavenhadprovidedremediesandaPrussianMajesty。Heavenisveryopulent；hasalchemytochangetheugliestsubstancesintobeautifulest。PrivatelytohisMajesty，formonthsback，thisSalzburgEmigrationisamostmanageablematter。Managewell，itwillbeagod—sendtohisMajesty，andfit，asbypre—establishedharmony，intotheancientPrussiansorrow；and\"twoafflictionswellputtogethershallbecomeaconsolation，\"astheproverbpromises！Goalongthen，RightReverendFirmian，withyourEmigrationthere:onlynofoul—playinit，——orHalberstadtandMindengetlocked:——fortherestofthematterwewillundertake。
Andso，February2d，1732，FriedrichWilhelm’sProclamation[CopyofitinMauvillon，February，1732，ii。311。]flewabroadovertheworld；briefandbusiness—like，cheeringtoallbutFirmian；——
tothispurport:\"Come，yepoorSalzburgers，therearehomesprovidedforyou。ApplyatRegensburg，atHalle:Commissariesareappointed；willtakechargeofyourlongmarchandyou。Bekind，allChristianGermanPrinces:donothinderthemandme。\"Andinafewdaysfarther，stillearlyinFebruary（forthematterisallreadybeforeproclaiming），anactualPrussianCommissaryhangsouthisannouncementsandofficialitiesatDonauworth，oldCityknowntous，withinreachoftheSalzburgBoundaries；collects，inaweekortwo，hisfirstlotofEmigrants，nearathousandstrong；
andfairlytakestheroadwiththem。
Alongroadandastrange:Ithink，abovefivehundredmilesbeforewegettoHalle，withinPrussianland；andthensevenhundredmoretoourplacethere，intheutmostEast。Men，women，infantsandhoarygrandfathersarehere；——mostoftheirpropertysold，——stillonruinousconditions，thinkofit，yourMajesty。
Theirpoorbitsofpreciositiesandheirloomstheyhavewiththem；
madeupinsuccinctbundles，stowedonticketedbaggage—wains；
\"somehavetheirownpoorcartandhorse，tocarrythetoooldandthetooyoung，thosethatcannotwalk。\"ApilgrimagelikethatoftheChildrenofIsrael:suchapilgrimcaravanaswasseldomheardofinourWesternCountries。Thosepoorsuccinctbundles，themakingofthemupandstowingofthem；thepangsofsimplehearts，inthoseremotenativevalleys；thetearsthatwerenotseen，thecriesthatwereaddressedtoGodonly:andthenatlasttheactualturningoutofthepoorcaravan，insilentlypracticalcondition，staffinhand，noaudiblecomplaintheardfromit；
readytomarch；practicallymarchinghere:——whichofuscanthinkofitwithoutemotion，sad，andyetinasortblessed！
EveryEmigrantmanhasfourGROSCHENaday（fourpenceodd）allowedhimforroadexpenses，everywomanthreegroschen，everychildtwo:andregularityitself，intheshapeofPrussianCommissaries，presidesoverit。SuchmarchingoftheSalzburgers:hostafterhostofthem，byvariousroutes，fromFebruaryonwards；
aboveseventhousandofthemthisyear，andtenthousandmorethatgraduallyfollowed，——washeardofatallGermanfiresides，andinallEuropeanlands。Aphenomenonmuchfillingthegeneralearandimagination；especiallyatthefirstemergenceofit。WewillgivefrompooroldauthenticFassmann，asifcaughtupbysomesuddenphotographapparatus，arudebutundeniableglimpseortwointotheactualityofthisbusiness:thereaderwillinthatwaysufficientlyconceiveitforhimself。
GlimpseFIRSTisofanEmigrantPartyarriving，inthecoldFebruarydaysof1732，atNordlingen，ProtestantFree—TowninBavaria:threehundredofthem；firstsection，Ithink，ofthoseninehundredwhowerepackedawayunceremoniouslybyFirmianlastwinter，andhavebeenwanderingaboutBavaria，lodging\"inKaufbeuern\"andvariouspreliminaryTowns，tillthePrussianarrangementsbecamedefinite。PrussianCommissariesare，bythistime，gottoDonauworth；butthesepoorSalzburgersareaheadofthem，wanderingunderthevoluntaryprincipleasyet。Nordlingen，inBavaria，isanoldImperialFree—Town；Protestantismnotsuppressedthere，asithasbeenallround；sceneofsomememorablefightingintheThirty—YearsWar，especiallyofabaddefeattotheSwedesandBernhardofWeimar，theworsttheyhadinthecourseofthatbadbusiness。TheSalzburgersareinnumberthreehundredandthirty—one；time，\"firstdaysofFebruary，1732，weatherverycoldandraw。\"ThecharitableProtestantTownhasbeenexpectingsuchanadvent:——
\"TwochiefClergymen，andtheSchoolmasterandScholars，withsomehundredsofcitizensandmanyyoungpeople\"wentouttomeetthem；
there，intheopenfield，stoodtheSalzburgers，withtheirwivesandtheirlittleones，withtheirbullock—cartsandbaggage—
wains，\"pilgrimingtowardsunknownpartsoftheEarth。\"’Comein，yeblessedoftheLord！Whystandyewithout？’saidtheParsonsolemnly，bywayofwelcome；andaddressedaDiscoursetothem，\"
devoutandyethuman，trueeverywordofit，enoughtodrawtearsfromanyFassmannthatwerethere；——Fassmannandwenotfarfromweepingwithoutwords。\"Thereupontheyrankedthemselvestwoandtwo，andmarchedintotheTown，\"straighttotheChurch，I
conjecture，Townallouttoparticipate；\"andtherethetworeverendgentlemensuccessivelyaddressedthemagain，fromappropriatetexts:Textofthefirstreverendgentlemanwas，Andeveryonethathathforsakenhouses，orbrethren，orsisters，orfather，ormother，orwife，orchildren，orlands，formyname’ssake，shallreceiveanhundred—fold，andshallinheriteverlastinglife。[Matthewxix。29。]Textofthesecondwas，NowtheLordhadsaiduntoAbraham，Gettheeoutofthycountry，andfromthykindred，andfromthyfather’shouse，untoalandthatIwillshowthee。\"[Genesisxii。1。]Excellenttexts；wellhandled，letushope，——especiallywithbrevity。Afterwhichthestrangersweredistributed，someintopublic—houses，otherstakenhomebythecitizenstolodge。
\"OutoftheSpitaltherewasdistributedtoeachperson，forthefirstthreedays，ahalf—poundofflesh—meat，bread，andameasureofbeer。TheremainingdaystheygotinmoneysixCREUTZERS
（twopence）each，andbread。OnSunday，attheChurch—doorstherewasacollection；nolessthaneighthundredGULDEN[80pounds；
population，say，threethousand]forthisobject。AtSermontheywereputintothecentralpartoftheChurch，\"allNordlingenlovinglyencompassingthem；\"andweretaughtintwosermons，\"
textsnotgiven，WhatthetrueChurchisbuiltof，andthenOftrueFaith，andwhatloveaChristianoughttohave；Nordlingencopiouslysheddingtearsthewhile（VIELETHRANENVERGOSSEN），asitwellmight。\"GoingtoChurch，andcomingfromit，eachLandlordwalkedaheadofhisparty；partyfollowedtwoandtwo。Onotherdays，therewasmuchcatechisingofthematdifferentpartsoftheTown；\"——orthodoxenough，yousee，nothingofsuperstitionorfanaticisminthepoorpeople；——\"theymadeagoodtestimonyoftheirEvangelicaltruth。
\"TheBaggage—wagonswhichtheyhadwiththem，teninnumber，uponwhichsomeoftheiroldpeoplesat，werebroughtintotheTown。
TheBaggagewasunloaded，andthepackages，twohundredandeighty—oneoftheminall[forFassmannisPhotographyitself]，werelockedintheZoll—Haus。OverandabovewhattheygotfromtheSpital，theChurch—collectionandtheTown—chest，Citizenswereliberal；dailysentthemfood，ordailyhadthembyfoursandfivestotheirownhousestomeat。\"AndsoletthemwaitforthePrussianCommissary，whoisjustathand:\"theywouldnotpartfromoneanother，thesethreehundredandthirty—one，\"saysFassmann，\"thoughtheirreunionwasbutofthataccidentalnature。\"[Fassmann，pp。439，440。]
GlimpseSECOND:notdated；perhapssometendayslater；andaPrussianCommissarywiththisparty:——
\"OntheirgettingtotheAnspachTerritory，therewassoincredibleajoyatthearrivaloftheseexiledBrothersintheFaith（GLAUBENS—BRUDER）thatinallplaces，almostinthesmallesthamlets，thebellswereseta—tolling；andnothingwasheardbutapealofwelcomefromfarandnear。\"PrussianCommissary，whenaboutquittingAnspach，askedleavetopassthroughBamberg；
BishopofBamberg，tooorthodoxagentleman，declined；sotheCommissaryhadtogobyNurnbergandBaireuth。Asknotifhiswelcomewasgood，inthoseProtestantplaces。\"AtErlangen，fifteenmilesfromNurnberg，whereareFrenchProtestantsandaDowagerMargravineofBaireuth，\"——WidowofWilhelmina’sFather—in—
law’spredecessor（ifthereadercancountthat）；DAUGHTERofWeissenfelswhowasformarryingWilhelminanotlongsince！——
\"atErlangen，theSereneDowagersnatchedupfiftyofthemintoherownHouseforChristianrefection；andBurghersofmeanshadtwelve，fifteenandeveneighteenofthem，followingsuchexampleset。NaycertainFrenchCitizens，prosperousandchildless，besiegedthePrussianCommissarytoallowthemafewSalzburgchildrenforadoption；especiallyoneFrenchmanwasextremelyurgentandspecific:buttheCommissary，nothavinganyorder，wasobligedtorefuse。\"[Fassmann，p。441。]ThesemusthavebeeninterestingdaysforthetwoyoungMargravines；forwardingPapa’spoorpilgrimsinthatmanner。
\"AtBaireuth，\"othersideofNurnberg，\"itwastowardsGoodFridaywhenthePilgrimsundertheirCommissariusarrived。Theywerelodgedinthevillagesabout，butcamecopiouslyintotheTown；
cameallinabodytoChurchonGoodFriday；andatcomingout，wereoneandallcarriedofftodinner，averyscramblearisingamongtheTownsfolktogetholdofPilgrimsanddinethem。