^6

　　[Footnote6:Claudius，raisedbythesoldierstotheempire，wasthefirstwhogaveadonative。Hegavequinadena，120l。

　　Sueton。inClaud。c。10:whenMarcus，withhiscolleagueLuciusVersus，tookquietpossessionofthethrone，hegavevicena，160l。toeachoftheguards。Hist。August。p。25，Dion，l。lxxiii。p。1231。Wemayformsomeideaoftheamountofthesesums，byHadrian\'scomplaintthatthepromotionofaCaesarhadcosthimtermillies，twomillionsandahalfsterling。]

　　Theadvocateoftheguardsendeavoredtojustifybyargumentsthepowerwhichtheyassertedbyarms；andtomaintainthat，accordingtothepurestprinciplesoftheconstitution，theirconsentwasessentiallynecessaryintheappointmentofanemperor。Theelectionofconsuls，ofgenerals，andofmagistrates，howeverithadbeenrecentlyusurpedbythesenate，wastheancientandundoubtedrightoftheRomanpeople。^7ButwherewastheRomanpeopletobefound?NotsurelyamongstthemixedmultitudeofslavesandstrangersthatfilledthestreetsofRome；aservilepopulace，asdevoidofspiritasdestituteofproperty。Thedefendersofthestate，selectedfromthefloweroftheItalianyouth，^8andtrainedintheexerciseofarmsandvirtue，werethegenuinerepresentativesofthepeople，andthebestentitledtoelectthemilitarychiefoftherepublic。Theseassertions，howeverdefectiveinreason，becameunanswerablewhenthefiercePraetoriansincreasedtheirweight，bythrowing，likethebarbarianconquerorofRome，theirswordsintothescale。^9

　　[Footnote7:CicerodeLegibus，iii。3。ThefirstbookofLivy，andthesecondofDionysiusofHalicarnassus，showtheauthorityofthepeople，evenintheelectionofthekings。]

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