第42章
加入书架 A- A+

  Wesuffermore,ithasalreadybeenobserved,whenwefallfromabettertoaworsesituation,thanweeverenjoywhenwerisefromaworsetoabetter。Security,therefore,isthefirstandtheprincipalobjectofprudence。Itisaversetoexposeourhealth,ourfortune,ourrank,orreputation,toanysortofhazard。Itisrathercautiousthanenterprising,andmoreanxioustopreservetheadvantageswhichwealreadypossess,thanforwardtopromptustotheacquisitionofstillgreateradvantages。Themethodsofimprovingourfortune,whichitprincipallyrecommendstous,arethosewhichexposetonolossorhazard;realknowledgeandskillinourtradeorprofession,assiduityandindustryintheexerciseofit,frugality,andevensomedegreeofparsimony,inallourexpences。

  Theprudentmanalwaysstudiesseriouslyandearnestlytounderstandwhateverheprofessestounderstand,andnotmerelytopersuadeotherpeoplethatheunderstandsit;andthoughhistalentsmaynotalwaysbeverybrilliant,theyarealwaysperfectlygenuine。Heneitherendeavourstoimposeuponyoubythecunningdevicesofanartfulimpostor,norbythearrogantairsofanassumingpedant,norbytheconfidentassertionsofasuperficialandimprudentpretender。Heisnotostentatiousevenoftheabilitieswhichhereallypossesses。Hisconversationissimpleandmodest,andheisaversetoallthequackishartsbywhichotherpeoplesofrequentlythrustthemselvesintopublicnoticeandreputation。Forreputationinhisprofessionheisnaturallydisposedtorelyagooddealuponthesolidityofhisknowledgeandabilities;andhedoesnotalwaysthinkofcultivatingthefavourofthoselittleclubsandcabals,who,inthesuperiorartsandsciences,sooftenerectthemselvesintothesupremejudgesofmerit;andwhomakeittheirbusinesstocelebratethetalentsandvirtuesofoneanother,andtodecrywhatevercancomeintocompetitionwiththem。Ifheeverconnectshimselfwithanysocietyofthiskind,itismerelyinself-defence,notwithaviewtoimposeuponthepublic,buttohinderthepublicfrombeingimposedupon,tohisdisadvantage,bytheclamours,thewhispers,ortheintrigues,eitherofthatparticularsociety,orofsomeotherofthesamekind。

  Theprudentmanisalwayssincere,andfeelshorrorattheverythoughtofexposinghimselftothedisgracewhichattendsuponthedetectionoffalsehood。Butthoughalwayssincere,heisnotalwaysfrankandopen;andthoughhenevertellsanythingbutthetruth,hedoesnotalwaysthinkhimselfbound,whennotproperlycalledupon,totellthewholetruth。Asheiscautiousinhisactions,soheisreservedinhisspeech;andneverrashlyorunnecessarilyobtrudeshisopinionconcerningeitherthingsorpersons。

  Theprudentman,thoughnotalwaysdistinguishedbythemostexquisitesensibility,isalwaysverycapableoffriendship。Buthisfriendshipisnotthatardentandpassionate,buttoooftentransitoryaffection,whichappearssodelicioustothegenerosityofyouthandinexperience。Itisasedate,butsteadyandfaithfulattachmenttoafewwell-triedandwell-chosencompanions;inthechoiceofwhomheisnotguidedbythegiddyadmirationofshiningaccomplishments,butbythesoberesteemofmodesty,discretion,andgoodconduct。Butthoughcapableoffriendship,heisnotalwaysmuchdisposedtogeneralsociality。

  Herarelyfrequents,andmorerarelyfiguresinthoseconvivialsocietieswhicharedistinguishedforthejollityandgaietyoftheirconversation。Theirwayoflifemighttooofteninterferewiththeregularityofhistemperance,mightinterruptthesteadinessofhisindustry,orbreakinuponthestrictnessofhisfrugality。

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