WereturnnowtothesequeloftheGalileocase。

　　HavinggainedtheirvictoryoverGalileo，livinganddead，havingusedittoscareintosubmissiontheprofessorsofastronomythroughoutEurope，conscientiouschurchmenexulted。Loudwastheirrejoicingthatthe“heresy。”the“infidelity“the“atheism“

　　involvedinbelievingthattheearthrevolvesaboutitsaxisandmovesaroundthesunhadbeencrushedbythegreattribunaloftheChurch，actinginstrictobediencetotheexpressedwillofonePopeandthewrittenorderofanother。Aswehaveseen，allbooksteachingthishatedbeliefwereputupontheIndexofbooksforbiddentoChristians，andthatIndexwasprefacedbyabullenforcingthiscondemnationupontheconsciencesofthefaithfulthroughouttheworld，andsignedbythereigningPope。

　　Thelossestotheworldduringthiscompletetriumphoftheologywereevenmoreseriousthanatfirstappears：onemustespeciallybementioned。TherewastheninEuropeoneofthegreatestthinkersevergiventomankind——ReneDescartes。

　　Mistakenthoughmanyofhisreasoningswere，theyborearichfruitageoftruth。Hehadalreadydoneavastwork。Histheoryofvortices——assumingauniformmaterialregulatedbyphysicallaws——asthebeginningofthevisibleuniverse，thoughitwasbutaprovisionalhypothesis，hadendedthewholeoldtheoryoftheheavenswiththevaultedfirmamentandthedirectionoftheplanetarymovementsbyangels，whichevenKeplerhadallowed。

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