JULY24。Thismorningsawuswonderfullyrecruitedinspiritsandstrength。Notwithstandingtheperiloussituationinwhichwewerestillplaced，ignorantofourposition，althoughcertainlyatagreatdistancefromland，withoutmorefoodthanwouldlastusforafortnightevenwithgreatcare，almostentirelywithoutwater，andfloatingaboutatthemercyofeverywindandwaveonthemerestwreckintheworld，stilltheinfinitelymoreterribledistressesanddangersfromwhichwehadsolatelyandsoprovidentiallybeendeliveredcausedustoregardwhatwenowenduredasbutlittlemorethananordinaryevil-sostrictlycomparativeiseithergoodorill。
Atsunrisewewerepreparingtorenewourattemptsatgettingupsomethingfromthestoreroom，when，asmartshowercomingon，withsomelightning，weturnourattentiontothecatchingofwaterbymeansofthesheetwehadusedbeforeforthispurpose。Wehadnoothermeansofcollectingtherainthanbyholdingthesheetspreadoutwithoneoftheforechain-platesinthemiddleofit。Thewater，thusconductedtothecentre，wasdrainedthroughintoourjug。Wehadnearlyfilleditinthismanner，when，aheavysquallcomingonfromthenorthward，obligedustodesist，asthehulkbeganoncemoretorollsoviolentlythatwecouldnolongerkeepourfeet。Wenowwentforward，and，lashingourselvessecurelytotheremnantofthewindlassasbefore，awaitedtheeventwithfarmorecalmnessthancouldhavebeenanticipatedorwouldhavebeenimaginedpossibleunderthecircumstances。Atnoonthewindhadfreshenedintoatwo-reefbreeze，andbynightintoastiffgale，accompaniedwithatremendouslyheavyswell。Experiencehavingtaughtus，however，thebestmethodofarrangingourlashings，weweatheredthisdrearynightintolerablesecurity，althoughthoroughlydrenchedatalmosteveryinstantbythesea，andinmomentarydreadofbeingwashedoff。
Fortunately，theweatherwassowarmastorenderthewaterrathergratefulthanotherwise。
July25。Thismorningthegalehaddiminishedtoamereten-knotbreeze，andtheseahadgonedownwithitsoconsiderablythatwewereabletokeepourselvesdryuponthedeck。Toourgreatgrief，however，wefoundthattwojarsofourolives，aswellasthewholeofourham，hadbeenwashedoverboard，inspiteofthecarefulmannerinwhichtheyhadbeenfastened。Wedeterminednottokillthetortoiseasyet，andcontentedourselvesforthepresentwithabreakfastonafewoftheolives，andameasureofwatereach，whichlatterwemixedhalfandhalf，withwine，findinggreatreliefandstrengthfromthemixture，withoutthedistressingintoxicationwhichhadensuedupondrinkingtheport。Theseawasstillfartooroughfortherenewalofoureffortsatgettingupprovisionfromthestoreroom。Severalarticles，ofnoimportancetousinourpresentsituation，floatedupthroughtheopeningduringtheday，andwereimmediatelywashedoverboard。Wealsonowobservedthatthehulklaymorealongthanever，sothatwecouldnotstandaninstantwithoutlashingourselves。Onthisaccountwepassedagloomyanduncomfortableday。Atnoonthesunappearedtobenearlyvertical，andwehadnodoubtthatwehadbeendrivendownbythelongsuccessionofnorthwardandnorthwesterlywindsintothenearvicinityoftheequator。Towardeveningsawseveralsharks，andweresomewhatalarmedbytheaudaciousmannerinwhichanenormouslylargeoneapproachedus。Atonetime，alurchthrowingthedeckveryfarbeneaththewater，themonsteractuallyswaminuponus，flounderingforsomemomentsjustoverthecompanion-hatch，andstrikingPetersviolentlywithhistail。Aheavyseaatlengthhurledhimoverboard，muchtoourrelief。Inmoderateweatherwemighthaveeasilycapturedhim。
July26。Thismorning，thewindhavinggreatlyabated，andtheseanotbeingveryrough，wedeterminedtorenewourexertionsinthestoreroom。Afteragreatdealofhardlaborduringthewholeday，wefoundthatnothingfurtherwastobeexpectedfromthisquarter，thepartitionsoftheroomhavingbeenstoveduringthenight，anditscontentssweptintothehold。Thisdiscovery，asmaybesupposed，filleduswithdespair。
July27。Theseanearlysmooth，withalightwind，andstillfromthenorthwardandwestward。Thesuncomingouthotlyintheafternoon，weoccupiedourselvesindryingourclothes。Foundgreatrelieffromthirst，andmuchcomfortotherwise，bybathinginthesea；inthis，however，wewereforcedtousegreatcaution，beingafraidofsharks，severalofwhichwereseenswimmingaroundthebrigduringtheday。
July28。Goodweatherstill。Thebrignowbegantoliealongsoalarminglythatwefearedshewouldeventuallyrollbottomup。
Preparedourselvesaswellaswecouldforthisemergency，lashingourtortoise，waterjug，andtworemainingjarsofolivesasfaraspossibleovertothewindward，placingthemoutsidethehullbelowthemain-chains。Theseaverysmoothallday，withlittleornowind。
July29。Acontinuanceofthesameweather。Augustus’swoundedarmbegantoevincesymptomsofmortification。Hecomplainedofdrowsinessandexcessivethirst，butnoacutepain。Nothingcouldbedoneforhisreliefbeyondrubbinghiswoundswithalittleofthevinegarfromtheolives，andfromthisnobenefitseemedtobeexperienced。Wedideverythinginourpowerforhiscomfort，andtrebledhisallowanceofwater。
July30。Anexcessivelyhotday，withnowind。Anenormoussharkkeptclosebythehulkduringthewholeoftheforenoon。Wemadeseveralunsuccessfulattemptstocapturehimbymeansofanoose。
Augustusmuchworse，andevidentlysinkingasmuchfromwantofpropernourishmentasfromtheeffectofhiswounds。Heconstantlyprayedtoberelievedfromhissufferings，wishingfornothingbutdeath。Thiseveningweatethelastofourolives，andfoundthewaterinourjugsoputridthatwecouldnotswallowitatallwithouttheadditionofwine。Determinedtokillourtortoiseinthemorning。
July31。Afteranightofexcessiveanxietyandfatigue，owingtothepositionofthehulk，wesetaboutkillingandcuttingupourtortoise。Heprovedtobemuchsmallerthanwehadsupposed，althoughingoodcondition，-thewholemeatabouthimnotamountingtomorethantenpounds。Withaviewofpreservingaportionofthisaslongaspossible，wecutitintofinepieces，andfilledwiththemourthreeremainingolivejarsandthewine-bottleallofwhichhadbeenkept，pouringinafterwardthevinegarfromtheolives。Inthismannerweputawayaboutthreepoundsofthetortoise，intendingnottotouchituntilwehadconsumedtherest。Weconcludedtorestrictourselvestoaboutfourouncesofthemeatperday；thewholewouldthuslastusthirteendays。Abriskshower，withseverethunderandlightning，cameonaboutdusk，butlastedsoshortatimethatweonlysucceededincatchingabouthalfapintofwater。Thewholeofthis，bycommonconsent，wasgiventoAugustus，whonowappearedtobeinthelastextremity。Hedrankthewaterfromthesheetaswecaughtitweholdingitabovehimashelaysoastoletitrunintohismouth，forwehadnownothingleftcapableofholdingwater，unlesswehadchosentoemptyoutourwinefromthecarboy，orthestalewaterfromthejug。Eitheroftheseexpedientswouldhavebeenresortedtohadtheshowerlasted。
Thesuffererseemedtoderivebutlittlebenefitfromthedraught。Hisarmwascompletelyblackfromthewristtotheshoulder，andhisfeetwerelikeice。Weexpectedeverymomenttoseehimbreathehislast。Hewasfrightfullyemaciated；somuchsothat，althoughheweighedahundredandtwenty-sevenpoundsuponhisleavingNantucket，henowdidnotweighmorethanfortyorfiftyatthefarthest。Hiseyesweresunkfarinhishead，beingscarcelyperceptible，andtheskinofhischeekshungsolooselyastopreventhismasticatinganyfood，orevenswallowinganyliquid，withoutgreatdifficulty。
August1。Acontinuanceofthesamecalmweather，withanoppressivelyhotsun。Sufferedexceedinglyfromthirst，thewaterinthejugbeingabsolutelyputridandswarmingwithvermin。Wecontrived，nevertheless，toswallowaportionofitbymixingitwithwine；ourthirst，however，wasbutlittleabated。Wefoundmorereliefbybathinginthesea，butcouldnotavailourselvesofthisexpedientexceptatlongintervals，onaccountofthecontinualpresenceofsharks。WenowsawclearlythatAugustuscouldnotbesaved；thathewasevidentlydying。Wecoulddonothingtorelievehissufferings，whichappearedtobegreat。Abouttwelveo’clockheexpiredinstrongconvulsions，andwithouthavingspokenforseveraldays。Hisdeathfilleduswiththemostgloomyforebodings，andhadsogreataneffectuponourspiritsthatwesatmotionlessbythecorpseduringthewholeday，andneveraddressedeachotherexceptinawhisper。Itwasnotuntilsometimeafterdarkthatwetookcouragetogetupandthrowthebodyoverboard。Itwasthenloathsomebeyondexpression，andsofardecayedthat，asPetersattemptedtoliftit，anentirelegcameoffinhisgrasp。Asthemassofputrefactionslippedoverthevessel’ssideintothewater，theglareofphosphoriclightwithwhichitwassurroundedplainlydiscoveredtoussevenoreightlargesharks，theclashingofwhosehorribleteeth，astheirpreywastorntopiecesamongthem，mighthavebeenheardatthedistanceofamile。Weshrunkwithinourselvesintheextremityofhorroratthesound。
August2。Thesamefearfullycalmandhotweather。Thedawnfoundusinastateofpitiabledejectionaswellasbodilyexhaustion。Thewaterinthejugwasnowabsolutelyuseless，beingathickgelatinousmass；nothingbutfrightful-lookingwormsmingledwithslime。Wethrewitout，andwashedthejugwellinthesea，afterwardpouringalittlevinegarinitfromourbottlesofpickledtortoise。Ourthirstcouldnowscarcelybeendured，andwetriedinvaintorelieveitbywine，whichseemedonlytoaddfueltotheflame，andexcitedustoahighdegreeofintoxication。Weafterwardendeavouredtorelieveoursufferingsbymixingthewinewithseawater；butthisinstantlybroughtaboutthemostviolentretchings，sothatweneveragainattemptedit。Duringthewholedayweanxiouslysoughtanopportunityofbathing，buttonopurpose；forthehulkwasnowentirelybesiegedonallsideswithsharks-nodoubttheidenticalmonsterswhohaddevouredourpoorcompanionontheeveningbefore，andwhowereinmomentaryexpectationofanothersimilarfeast。Thiscircumstanceoccasionedusthemostbitterregretandfilleduswiththemostdepressingandmelancholyforebodings。Wehadexperiencedindescribablereliefinbathing，andtohavethisresourcecutoffinsofrightfulamannerwasmorethanwecouldbear。Nor，indeed，werewealtogetherfreefromtheapprehensionofimmediatedanger，fortheleastsliporfalsemovementwouldhavethrownusatoncewithinreachofthosevoraciousfish，whofrequentlythrustthemselvesdirectlyuponus，swimminguptoleeward。Noshoutsorexertionsonourpartseemedtoalarmthem。EvenwhenoneofthelargestwasstruckwithanaxebyPetersandmuchwounded，hepersistedinhisattemptstopushinwherewewere。Acloudcameupatdusk，but，toourextremeanguish，passedoverwithoutdischargingitself。Itisquiteimpossibletoconceiveoursufferingsfromthirstatthisperiod。Wepassedasleeplessnight，bothonthisaccountandthroughdreadofthesharks。
August3。Noprospectofrelief，andthebriglyingstillmoreandmorealong，sothatnowwecouldnotmaintainafootingupondeckatall。Busiedourselvesinsecuringourwineandtortoise-meat，sothatwemightnotlosethemintheeventofourrollingover。Gotouttwostoutspikesfromtheforechains，and，bymeansoftheaxe，drovethemintothehulltowindwardwithinacoupleoffeetofthewater，thisnotbeingveryfarfromthekeel，aswewerenearlyuponourbeam-ends。Tothesespikeswenowlashedourprovisions，asbeingmoresecurethantheirformerpositionbeneaththechains。Sufferedgreatagonyfromthirstduringthewholeday-nochanceofbathingonaccountofthesharks，whichneverleftusforamoment。Founditimpossibletosleep。
August4。Alittlebeforedaybreakweperceivedthatthehulkwasheelingover，andarousedourselvestopreventbeingthrownoffbythemovement。Atfirsttherollwasslowandgradual，andwecontrivedtoclamberovertowindwardverywell，havingtakentheprecautiontoleaveropeshangingfromthespikeswehaddriveninfortheprovision。Butwehadnotcalculatedsufficientlyupontheaccelerationoftheimpetus；for，presentlytheheelbecametooviolenttoallowofourkeepingpacewithit；and，beforeeitherofusknewwhatwastohappen，wefoundourselveshurledfuriouslyintothesea，andstrugglingseveralfathomsbeneaththesurface，withthehugehullimmediatelyaboveus。
IngoingunderthewaterIhadbeenobligedtoletgomyholdupontherope；andfindingthatIwascompletelybeneaththevessel，andmystrengthnearlyexhausted，Iscarcelymadeastruggleforlife，andresignedmyself，inafewseconds，todie。ButhereagainI
wasdeceived，nothavingtakenintoconsiderationthenaturalreboundofthehulltowindward。Thewhirlofthewaterupward，whichthevesseloccasionedinTollingpartiallyback，broughtmetothesurfacestillmoreviolentlythanIhadbeenplungedbeneath。UponcomingupIfoundmyselfabouttwentyyardsfromthehulk，asnearasIcouldjudge。Shewaslyingkeelup，rockingfuriouslyfromsidetoside，andtheseainalldirectionsaroundwasmuchagitated，andfullofstrongwhirlpools。IcouldseenothingofPeters。Anoil-caskwasfloatingwithinafewfeetofme，andvariousotherarticlesfromthebrigwerescatteredabout。