Hereconnoitreddiligently；rodeoutreconnoitring\"fifteenmilesthefirstday\"（July6th），dittothesecondandfollowing；andwasnearlyshotbyCroats，——byonespecificCroat，saysPrussianMythology，supportedbyEngraving。AnoldEngraving，whichIhaveneverseen；representsFriedrichreconnoitringthosefive—and—twentymilesofElbe，whichhavesomanyredoubtsontheirsideofit，andswarmwithCroatpartiesonbothsides:thisisallthetruththatisintheEngraving。[Rodenbeck，p。188。]Factsays:
Friedrich（\"onthe8th，\"ifthatwereallthevariation）\"wasamarkfortheAustriansharpshootersforhalfanhour。\"Mythsays，andengravesit，withthedateof\"July7th:\"Friedrich，skirtingsomethicket，suddenlycameuponasingleCroatwithmusketlevelledathim，wildcreature’sfingerjustonthetrigger；——andquietlyadmonishing，Friedrichliftshisfingerwitha\"DU，DU（Ahyou！）；\"uponwhich，suchthedivinitythathedgesone，thewildcreatureinstantlyflingsdownhismurder—weapon，and，kneeling，embracestheKing’sboot，——withkisses，foranythingIknow。Itiscertain，Friedrich，aboutsixtimesoverinthispaltryWarorQuasiNo—War，sethisattendantsonthetremble；wasnamely，fromCroateriesandArtilleries，inimminentperiloflife；socarelesswashe，anddangeroustospeaktoinhissourhumor。Humorverysour，theysay，formostpart；beinginrealityaltogetherbackwardandloathforgrandenterprise；andyetstrivingtothinkhewasnot；ashamedthatanyWarofhisshouldbeaNo—War。
Schmettausays:——
\"OnthedayofgettingintoJaromirtz[July8th]，theKing，tiredofridingaboutwhiletheColumnswereslowlygettingin，laydownonthegroundwithhisAdjutantsabouthim。AyoungOfficercameridingpast；whomtheKingbeckonedtohim；——wrotesomethingwithpencil（anOrder，notoftheleastimportance），andsaid:’Here；
thatOrdertoGeneralLossow，andtellhimheisnottotakeitillthatItroublehim，asIhavenoneinmySuitethatcandoanything。’\"LettheSuitetakeitastheycan！Amostpungent，severeoldKing；quiteperverseattimes，thinksSchmettau。
Thusagain，morethanonce。:——
\"OnarrivingwithhisColumnwheretheOfficer，aperfectlyskilfulman，hadmarkedouttheCamp，theKingwouldlifthisspy—glass；
gazetorightandleft，ridingroundtheplaceatperhapsahundredyards’distance；andbegin:’SIEHTER，HERR，Butlook，Herr，whatabotchingyouhavemadeofitagain（WASERDAWIEDERFURDUMMZEUG
GEMACHTHAT）！’andgrumblingandblaming，wouldaltertheCamp，tillitwasalloutofrule；andthensay，’Seethere，thatisthewaytomarkoutCamps。’\"[Schmettau，xxv。30，24。]
Inaweek’stime，July13th，cameanotherfineexcuseforinaction；
PlenipotentiaryThugut，namely，andtheKaiserinn’sLetter，whichwespokeof。AutographfromMariaTheresaherself，inspiredbytheterrorofViennaandofherbeautifulmotherlyheart。
Negotiationtobeprivateutterly:\"MySon，theKaiser，knowsnothingofit；Ibegthemostabsolutesecrecy；\"whichwasaccordinglykept，whileThugut，withFinkensteinandHertzbergagain，held\"CongressofBraunau\"inthoseneighborhoods，——withaslittleeffectasever。Thugut’sName，itseems，wasoriginallyTUNICOTTO（Tyrolese—Italian）；whichtheignorantViennapeoplechangedinto\"THU—NICHT—GUT（Do—no—good），\"tillMariaTheresa，inverycharity，struckoutthenegative，andmadehim\"Do—good。\"
Do—goodandhisCongressheldFriedrichtillAugust10th:fivemoreweeksgone；andnothingbutreconnoitring，——withofcourseforaging，anddiligentlyeatingtheCountry，whichisadailyemployment，andproducesfencingandskirmishingenough。
Henri，intheinterim，hasinvadedfromtheWest；seenLeitmeritz，Lobositz；——PragNobilityallrunning，andIsupposePrayerstoSt。
Titusgoingagain，——andLoudoninalarm。Loudon，however，savedPrag\"bytwomasterlypositions\"（notmentionablehere）；uponwhichHenritookcampatNiemes；Loudon，theweakerinthispart，seizingtheIserasabulwark，andrankinghimselfbehindit，back—to—backofLacy。HereforaboutfiveweekssatHenri，nothingonhandbuttoeattheCountry。OvertheheadsofLoudonandLacy，asthecrowflies，Henri’sCampmaybeabout70milesfromJaromirtz，wheretheKingis。HussarBelling，ouroldAnti—Swedefriend，abrilliantcuttingman，brokeovertheIseronce，perhapstwice；andtherewasprettyfencingbyhimandthelikeofhim:\"butPrinceHenrididnothing，\"saystheKing，[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。154]——was，infact，helpingtheKingtodonothing。
Bythe10thofSeptember，asHenrihascomputed，thisCountrywillbeeaten；\"Forage，Ifind，willbequitedonehereonSeptember10th，\"writesHenri，afteraweekortwo’sexperience。
TherewasalwaystalkofHenriandtheKing，whoare100，000each，joininghandsbythepostofArnau，orsomeweakpointofLacy’swellnorthofKonigsgratz；thusofcuttingoffthemeal—cartsofthatback—to—backcopartnery，andsooftumblingitofftheground（whichwasperfectlypossible，saysSchmettau）；andsmalldetachmentsandexpeditiouswerepushedout，GeneralDahlwig，GeneralAnhalt，partlyforthatobject:butnottheleastofitevertookeffect。\"Futile，lostbyloitering，asallelsewas，\"
groansSchmettau。PrinceHenriwasaversetoattempt，intimatestheKing，——asindeed（thoughrefusingtoownit）wasI。
\"September10th，myforagewillbeout，yourMajesty，\"saysHenri，alwaysapunctualcalculatingman。
TheAustrians，ontheirside，wereequallystagnant；and，exceptthecontinualskirmishingwiththePrussianforagers，undertooknothing。\"Shamefullyill—cloneourforaging，too，\"exclaimsSchmettauagainandagain:\"Hadwedoneitwithneatness，withregularity，theCountrywouldhavelastedustwiceaslong。
Doingitheadlong，wastefullyandbytherule—of—thumb，theCountrywasadesert，allitsinhabitantsfled，allitsediblesconsumed，beforesixweekswereover。Friedrichisnotnowhimselfatall；
ingreatthingsorinlittle；whatachangedFriedrich！\"exclaimsSchmettau，withwearisomeiteration。
FromaboutAugust6th，orespeciallyAugust10th，whentheMaria—
TheresaCorrespondence，or\"CongressofBraunau，\"endedlikewiseinzero，FriedrichbecameimpatientforactualjunctionwithPrinceHenri，actualpushofbusiness；andbegantohintofanexcellentplanhehad:\"Burstthroughontheirleftflank；blowuptheirpostofHohenelbeyonder:thenceisbutonemarchtoIserriver；
junctionwithPrinceHenrithere；andaLacyandaLoudontumbledtothewinds。\"\"Aplanperfectlyfeasible，\"saysSchmettau；\"whichsolacedtheKing’shumor，butwhichheneverreallyintendedtoexecute。\"Possiblynot；otherwise，accordingtooldwont，hewouldhaveforbornetospeakofitbeforehand。Atallevents，August15th，inthefeelingthatoneoughtreallytodosomething，theratherasforagehereaboutswasalmostoraltogetherrunningout，heactuallysetaboutthisgrandscheme。
Gotonmarchtorightward，namely，uptheAupariver，throughthegloomychasmsofKingdom—Wood，memorableinolddays:hadhisbakeryshiftedtoTrautenau；hisheavycannongettingtuggedthroughthemireandtherains，whichbythistimewereabundant，towardsHohenelbe，forthegreatenterprise:andsatencampedonandabouttheBattle—groundofSohrforaweekorso，waitingtillallwereforward；eatingSohrCountry，whichwaspainfullyeasytodo。TheAustriansdidnexttonothingonhim；buttherains，themudandscarcityweredoingmuch。GettingontoHohenelberegion，afteraweek’swetwaiting，he，onocularsurveyofthegroundabout，washeardtosay，\"Thiscannotbedone，then！\"\"Hadnevermeanttodoit，\"sneersSchmettau，\"andonlywantedsomeexcuse。\"
Whichisverylikely。SchmettaugivesanAnecdoteofhimhere:
InregardtoacertainHill，theKeyoftheAustrianposition，whichtheKingwascontinuallyreconnoitring，andlamentingtheenormousheightof，\"Impossible，sohigh！\"OneoftheAdjutantstookhistheodolite，ascertainedtheheight，and，bywayofcomfortinghisMajesty，reportedtheexactnumberoffeetabovetheirpresentlevel。\"HowdoYOUknow，Herr？\"saidtheKingangrily。\"MeasureditbyTrigonometry，yourMajesty。\"——
\"Trigonometry！SCHER’ERSICHZUMTEUFEL（Offwithyou，Sir，totheDevil，yourTrigonometryandyou！）\"——nobelieverinmathematics，thisKing。
Hewasloathtogo；andlaidtheblameonmanythings。\"WerePrinceHenrinowbutacrosstheIser。HadthatstupidAnhalt，whenhewasuponit[gallopingabout，totheruinofhishead]，onlyseizedArnau，ArnauanditsElbe—Bridge；andhaditinhandforjunctionwithPrinceHenri！\"Infine，justasthelastbatchofheavycannon——twentyorthirtyhungeredhorsestoagun，attherateoffivemilesadayinroadsunspeakable——weregettingin，heorderedthemalltobedraggedback，backtotheTrautenauroad；whitherwemustnowallgo。And，SEPTEMBER8th，inperfectorder，fortheAustrianslittlemolestedhim，andgotabadbargainwhentheydid，thegreatFriedrichwithhiswholeArmygotonmarchhomeward，aftersuchaCampaignaswesee。ClimbedtheTrautenau—LandshutPass，withnothingofeffectivelossexceptfromtherainyelements，thesteepmirywaysandthestarvedhorses；
draught—horsesespeciallystarved，——whom，poorcreatures，\"youwouldseespringattheropes[draught—harness]，thirtyofthemtoagun，whenstartedandgee—ho’dto；tugviolentlywithnoeffect，andfalldowninwholerows。\"
PrinceHenri，foragedone，startedpunctuallySeptember10th，twodaysafterhisBrother；andwithlittleornopursuit，fromtheAustrians，andwithhorsesunstarved，gothomeincomparativelytolerablecircumstances。CantonedhimselfinDresdenneighborhood，andsatwaiting:hehadneverapprovedthisWar；andnow，I
suppose，wouldnotwantforreflections。Friedrich’scantonmentswereroundLandshut，andspreadouttorightandtoleft，fromGlatzCountryandtheUpper—SilesianHills，toSilberbergandSchweidnitz；——hisownquarteristhesameregion，wherehelaysolonginSummer，1759，talkingonlearnedsubjectswiththelateQuintusIcilius，ifreadersremember，andwearilywaitingtillCunctatorDaun（likewisenowdeceased）tookhisstand，orhisseat，atMarkLissa，andtheKingcouldfollowhimtoSchmottseifen。
FriedrichhimselfonthispresentoccasionstayedatSchatzlarasrear—guard，toseewhethertheAustrianswouldnotperhapstrytomakesomeWinterCampaignofit，andifso，whethertheywouldattemptonPrinceHenrioronhim。TheAustriansdidnotattemptoneither；showednosuchintention，——thoughmischievousenoughinothersmallways。FriedrichwrotetheELOGEofVoltaire[OEuvresdeFrederic，vii。50etseq。
（\"finishedNov。26th，1778\"）。]whilehewaitedhereatSchatzlar，amongtherainyMountains。Lateron，asprospectsaltered，hewasmuchatBreslau，orrunningaboutoncivicerrandswithBreslauascentre:atBreslauhehadmanyDialogueswithProfessorGarve，——inwhosegood，butoppressivelysolemn，littleBook，moreadull—
droningPreachmentthanaNarrative，noreaderneedlookforthemorforhim。
AstotheEULOGYOFVOLTAIRE，wemaysaythatitisgenerous，ingenious，succinct；andofdialectnowobsoletetous。Therewas（andis，thoughsuppressed）anotherEULOGY，brand—new，byaContemporaryofourown，——fromwhichIknownotifreaderswillpermitmeasentenceortwo，inthispauseamongtherainyMountains？……\"Awonderfultalentlayinthisman——[inVoltaire，towit；
\"suchanintellect，thesharpest，swiftestoftheworld，\"thinksourContemporary；\"fathomingyouthedeepestsubject，toadepthfarbeyondmostmen’ssoundings，andcomingupwithvictoryandsomethingwiseandlogicallyspeakabletosayonit，soonerthananyotherman，——neverdoubtingbuthehasbeenatthebottom，whichisfromthreetotenmileslower！\"]wonderfultalent；butobservealways，ifyoulookclosely，itwasinessenceameretalentforSpeech；whichtalentBaviusandMaeviusandtheJewApellamayadmirewithoutlookingbehindit，butthisEulogistbynomeanswill。Speech，myfriend？Ifyoursublimetalentofspeechconsistsonlyinmakingignoranceappeartobeknowledge，andlittlewisdomappeartobemuch，Iwillthankyoutowalkonwithit，andapplyatsomeothershop。TheQUANTITYofshopswhereyoucanapplywiththrice—goldenadvantage，fromtheMorningNewspaperstotheNationalSenate，istremendousatthisepochofthepoorworld’shistory；——go，Irequestyou！Andwhilehisfootisonthestairs，descendingfrommygarret，Ithink:Ounfortunatefellow—creatureinanunfortunateworld，whyisnotthereaFriedrichWilhelmto’elect’you，ashedidGundling，tohisTOBACCOParliament，andtheresetFassmannuponyouwiththepansofburningpeat？Itwerebetterevenforyourself；wholesomelydidactictoyourpoorself，I
cannotdoubt；andforthepoormultitudestowhomyouarenowtobesacredVATES，speakingandsingingYOURdismalGUNDLINGIANAasifinspiredbyHeaven，howinfinitelybetter！——Courage，courage！
Idiscern，acrossthesehideousjargons，thereignofgreatersilenceapproachinguponrepentantmen；reignofgreatersilence，I
say；orelsethatofannihilation，whichwillbethemostsilentofall……
\"Voltaire，ifnotagreatman，isaremarkablypeculiarone；
anddidsuchaworkintheseAgesaswillrenderhimlongmemorable，moreorless。Hekindledtheinfinitedrydung—heapofthings；setitblazingheaven—high；——andweallthought，intheFrenchRevolutiontime，itwouldburnoutrapidlyintoashes，andthentherewouldaclearUpperFirmament，ifoverablackenedEarth，beoncemorevouchsafedus。Theflameisnowdone，asIoncesaid；andonlythedulldung—heap，smokilyburning，butnotnowblazing，remains，——foritwasverydamp，EXCEPTonthesurface，andisbynatureslowofcombustion:——whoknowsbutitmayhavetoburnforcenturiesyet，poisoningbyitsvillanousmal—odorsthelife—
atmosphereofallmen？EternalAuthorofthisUniverse，whosethroneisTruth，towhomalltheTrueareSons，wiltthounotlookdownuponus，then！——Tillthissadprocessiscomplete？Voltaireisliketobeverymemorable。\"……
ToFriedrichtheWinterwasingeneraltranquil；aFriedrichbusypreparingallthingsforhisgrandMahrenEnterprise，andfor\"realworknextyear。\"ByandbytherecametoberealPeace—prospectsinstead。Meanwhile，theAustriansdotryalittle，inthesmallPandourway，todislodgehimfromtheUpper—SilesianorTeschenregions，wheretheErbprinzofBrunswickisincommand；amannottobeprickedintogratisbyPandours。Erbprinz，accordingly，provokedbytheirPandourings，brokeoutatlast；andaboutZuckmantelinstantlyscourgedthemhome，andhadpeaceafter。
Foiledhere，theynexttrieduponGlatz；\"GetintohisGlatzCountry，then；——asnatchofthatwillbalancetheaccount\"（whichwasoneofNewspapergloryonly）:andacertainWurmseroftheirs，expertinsuchthings，didburntheTownofHabelschwertonemorning；[\"18thJanuary，1779\"（Rodenbeck，iii。195；Schmettau，&c。）。]andtriedfarther，notwiselythistime，asurprisalofGlatzFortressitself；butgotsmittenhomebyouroldfriendGeneralWunsch，withoutprofitthere。ThiswasthesameWurmserwhocametobadissuesintheNapoleontimeafterwards；arisingmanthen；notadimOld—Newspaperghostasnow。
MostshamefulthisburningofHabelschwertbywayofmerebravura，thinksFriedrich，inatimeofactualTreatyforPeace，whenourCongressofTeschenwasjuststrugglingtogettogether！ItwasthechiefstrokedonebytheAustriansinthisWar；gloriousorshameful，wewillnotthinkofinquiring。NorinfactofaddingonewordmoreonsuchaWar，——except，whateverybodylongsfor，That，NOVEMBER27th，1778，CzarinaCatharine，byherPrinceGalitzinatVienna，intervenedinthematter，inaloftyway；andendedit。
CzarinaCatharine，——smallthankstoher，itseems，foritwasFriedrichthatbyhisindustriesandworld—diplomacies，Frenchandother，hadgotherTurks，whohadbeengivingtroubleagain，compescedintopeaceforher；andindeed，toFriedrichorhisinterests，thoughboundbyTreaty，shehadsmallregardintakingthisstep，butwishedmerelytoappearinGermanPoliticsasaShe—Jove，——CzarinaCatharinesignified，inhighandperemptorythoughpoliteDiplomaticterms，atVienna，\"ImperialMadam，howlongissuchaWartolast？BeatPeace，bothofyou；or——！
Ishall，however，mediate，ifyoulike，beingtheheartyfriendofboth。\"[CopyofGalitzin’s\"Declaration，\"inFISCHER，ii。406—411。]
\"Do，\"answersMariaTheresa，whosefinanceisquiteout，whosemotherlyheartisalmostbroken，thoughayoungKaiserstillprancesviolently，andkicksagainstthepricks:\"Do，yournobleCzarishMajesty；Francetooisinterfering:Franceandyouwilldecidewhatisjust，andwewillend。\"\"CongressofTeschen\"metaccordingly，MARCH10th，1779:Teschen，inAustrianSilesia，wherewehavebeen；——RepninasRussian，BreteuiltheFrenchman，CobentzlandHertzbergasAustrianandPrussian；——and，MAY13th（intwomonths’time，notintwoweeks’，ashadbeenexpected，forthereroseunexpectedhaggles），didcloseeverything，firmasDiplomacycoulddoit，intoequitable，orapproximatelyequitablefinis:
\"Gohome，youAustria；quityourstolenBavaria（allbutarimorparing，CircleofBurghausen，sinceyoumusthavesomething！）:
Saxony，Mecklenburg，thesemustbesatisfiedtomoderatelength；
andtherewithgeneralAS—YOU—WERE。\"
RussiaandFrancewereagreedonthecase；andFriedrich，bitterlylongingtohavedonewithit，hadsaidtohimself，\"Intwoweeksorso:\"butitprovedfarotherwise。Neverweresuchhagglings，provocationsandunreasonableconfusionsasnowrose。TheburningofHabelschwertwasbutatypeofthem。HagglesonthepartofworthlessKarlTheodor，kindledbyJosephandhisKaunitz，kickingagainstthepricks。HagglesonSaxony’spart:\"Iclaimed7，000，000
poundssterling，andyouallowme600，000pounds。\"\"Betterthatthannothing，\"answeredFriedrich。HaggleswithMecklenburg:
\"InsteadofmyLeuchtenberg，IgetanimprovementinmyLaw—Courts，rightofJudgingwithoutAppeal；whatisthat！\"HaggleswiththeoncegratefulDukeofZweibruck:\"Can’tpartwithmyBurghausen。\"
\"SupposeyouhadhadtopartwithyourBavariaaltogether？\"
Inshort，Friedrich，whohadgainednothingforhimself，butsuchinfinityofoutlayinallkinds，neversawsuchacoilofhumanfolliesandcupiditiesbefore；andhadtoexhausthisutmostpatience，submittonewlossesofhisown，andtryallhisdexteritiesinpig—driving:overjoyed，atlast，togetoutofitonanyterms。OutlayofFriedrichisaboutTwoMillionssterling，andabove10，000men’slives（hisownnarrowlynotincluded），withcensures，criticisms，provocationsandbotherationswithoutend。
Inreturnforwhich，hehas，truly，putaspokeinAustria’sproudwheelforthistime，andmanagedtoseefairplayintheReich；
whichhadseemedtohim，andseems，aconsiderablething。Bywayofcodicil，AustriaagreesnottochicanehiminregardtoAnspach—
Baireuth，——howgenerousofAustria，afterthisexperience！——
Inreality，theWarwasanImaginaryWar；deservingonitsownscorelittlerecordanywhere；toreadershererequiringalmostlessthanithasgot。Schmettau，Schoningandothershavebeenabundantlyminuteuponit；buteventosoldiersthereislittleeitherofinterestorinstruction；tous，allityieldsiscertainAnecdotesofFriedrich’stemperandwaysinthatdifficultpredicament；which，ascomingatfirst—hand，gatheredforusbypunctualauthenticSchmettau，whowasconstantlyabouthim，witheyesopenandnote—bookready，haveakindofworthintheBiographicpointofview。
ThePrussianSoldiery，ofwhomweseeatypeinSchmettau，weredisgustedwiththisWar，andcalledit，inallusiontotheforaging，Ascrambleforpotatoes，\"DERKARTOFFEL—KRIEG，ThePotatoWar；\"whichisitscommondesignationtothisday。TheAustrians，inalikehumor，calledit\"ZWETSCHKEN—RUMMEL\"（say\"THREE—BUTTON
Loo\"）；agamenotworthplaying；especiallynotatsuchcost。
Combinedcostcountedtohavebeeninsum—total4，350，000poundsand20，000men。[Preuss，iv。115。]\"ThePrussianArmywasfullofardor，neverablerforfight\"（insistsSchmettau），whichindeedseemstohavebeenthefactoneverysmalloccasion；——\"butfatallyforbiddentotry。\"Notsofatallyperhaps，hadSchmettaulookedbeyondhisepaulettes:wasnotthething，bythatslowmethod，gotdone？Bytheswiftermethod，awakeninganewSeven—Yearsbusiness，howinfinitelycostliermightithavebeen！
Schmettau’sNARRATIVE，deductingtheendlesslamentings，especiallytheextensivedidacticdigressions，isveryclear，ocular，exact；
and，incontrastwithFriedrich’sown，isreallyamusingtoread。
ASchmettaugivingus，inhishaggardlightandobliquepointofvision，thenakedtruth，NAKEDandallinashiver；aFriedrichstrivingtodrapeitalittle，andmakeitcomfortabletohimself。
ThosebitsofAnecdotesinSCHMETTAU，clear，credible，asifwehadseenthem，aresomanycrevicesthroughwhichitiscuriouslyworthwhiletolook。
ChapterVII。
MILLERARNOLD’SLAWSUIT。
AbouttheSecondLaw—Reform，afterreadingandagainreadingmuchdrearydetail，Icansaynexttonothing，exceptthatitisdatedasbeginningin1776，nearthirtyyearsafterCocceji’s；[\"In1748\"
Cocceji’swascompleted；\"in1774—1775，\"onoccasionoftheSilesianReviews，VonCarmer，ChancellorofSilesia，knowingoftheKing’simpatienceatthestateofLaw，presentedsuccessivelyTwoMEMORIALSonthesubject；theSecondofwhichbegan\"4thJanuary，1776\"tohavevisiblefruit。]thatevidently，bywhatcausesisnotstated，butmaybereadilyenoughconjectured（intheabsenceofCoccejibydeath，andofaFriedrichbyaffairsofWar），theabusesofLawhadagainbecomemoreorlessunendurabletothisKing；
thatsaidabusesdidagaingetsomereform（againtemporary，suchtheLawofNature，whichbidsyousweepvigorouslyyourkitchen，thoughitwillnextmomentrecommencethegatheringofdirtuponit）；andthat，infine，aftersomereluctanceintheLawcircles，anddebatingPROandCONTRA，oralsomeofit，anddoneintheKing’spresence，whoissointenttobeconvincedandseehispracticalwayinit，[AtPotsdam，\"4thJanuary，1776，\"Debate，bysolemnappointment，intheKing’spresence（Kingveryunwell），betweenSilesian—ChancellorvonCarmerandGrand—ChancellorvonFurst，astothefeasibilityofCarmer’sideas；oldFurststronginthenegative；——King，afterreflection，determiningtogoonnevertheless。（Rodenbeck，iii。131，133。）]——therewas，assupplementtothemereProjectorTheoryofaCODEXFREDERICIANUS
inCocceji’stime，anactualPRUSSIANCODEsetabout；VonCarmer，theSilesianChancellor，thechiefagent:andaFirstFolio，oraFirstandpartlyaSecondofit，werebroughtoutinFriedrich’slifetime，theremainderfollowinginthatofhisSuccessor；
whichCodeiseversincetheLawofthePrussianNationtothisday。[Notfinishedandpromulgatedtill\"5thFebruary，1794；\"
FirstVolume（containingPROZESS—ORDNUNG，FormofProcedure，inallitsimportantdetails）hadcomeout\"26thApril，1784\"（Preuss，iii。418—422）。]OfitsworthasaCodeIhaveheardfavorableopinions，comparativelyfavorable；butcanmyselfsaynothing:
famedSavignyfindsitsuperiorinintelligenceandlaw—knowledgetotheCODENAPOLEON，——uponwhichindeed，anduponallCodespossibletopoorhag—riddenandwig—riddengenerationslikeours，Savignyfeelsratherdesperate。Unfortunatemortalsdowanttohavetheirbitsoflawsuitssettled，nevertheless；andhave，ontrial，foundeventheignorantCODENAPOLEONamightybenefitincomparisontonone！——
ReadersallseehowthisSecondPrussianLaw—ReformwasathingimportanttoPrussia，ofliveliestinteresttothethenKingofPrussia；andweremyknowledgeofitgreaterthanitis，thisisallIcouldhopetosayofitthatwouldbesuitableorprofitableatpresent。Letwell—disposedreaderstakeitupintheirimaginations，asafactandmassoffacts，veryseriousthereandthen；andcolorwithitinsomedegreethosefiveorsixlastyearsofthisKing’slife。
ConnectedwiththisSecondLawReform，andindeedpartiallyasourceofit，orprovocationtogoonwithit，mendingyourspeed，thereisonelittleLawsuit，calledtheMILLERARNOLDCASE，whichmadeanimmensenoiseintheworld，andisstillknownbyrumortomanypersons，whowouldprobablybethankful，ascertainlyImyselfshould，forsomeintelligiblewordonit。Inregardtowhich，andtowhichalone，inthisplace，wewillpermitourselvesalittlemoredetail。
InthesandymoorstowardstheSilesianborderoftheNeumark，southwestofZullichau，——whereweoncewere，withDictatorWedell，fightingtheRussiansinatragicway，——thereis，aswascasuallythenindicated，ononeofthepoorBrookstricklingintoOder，aMillcalledKREBSMUHLE（Crabmill）；MillersofwhicharealineofdustyArnolds，laboriouslyforlonggenerationsgrindingintomealtheryes，pulses，barleysofthatdimregion；who，andwhoseCrabmill，intheyear1779—1780，burstintoanotorietytheylittledreamtof，andbecamefamousinthefashionablecirclesofthisUniverse，whereanindistinctrumorofthemlivestothisday。
WeindicatedArnoldandhisMillinWedell’stime；Wedell’sscenebeingsoremoteandemptytoreaders:infact，nobodyknowsonwhatpaltriestofmoorsamemorablethingwillnothappen；——here，forinstance，iswithaltheBirthplaceofthatRhymingmiracle，FrauKarsch（Karschin，KarchESSastheycallher），theBerlinliteraryProdigy，towhomFriedrichwasnotsoflushofhelpashadbeenexpected。ThechildofutterlypoorPeasantsthere；whosepoverty，shiningoutasthrift，unweariableindustryandstoicalvalor，isbeautifultome，stillmoretheirpoorlittlegirl’sbitsoffortunes，\"tendingthreecows\"inthesolitudesthere，andgazingwistfullyintoEarthandHeavenwithheringenuouslittlesoul，——
desiringmainlyonething，thatshecouldgetBooks，anyBookwhatever；havinghalf—accidentallypickeduptheartofreading，andfindinghereaboutsabsolutelynothingtoread。FrauKarsch，I
havenodoubt，knowstheCrabmillrightwell；andcan，toallpermissiblelengths，informtheBerlinCirclesonthispoint。
[SeeJORDENS（oKarschin），ii。607—640。AnexcellentSilesianNoblemanliftedhermiraculouslyfromthesloughsofmisery，landedherfromhistravelling—carriageintheupperworldofBerlin，\"January，1761\"（agethenthirty—nine，husbandKarschawretcheddrunkenTailoratGlogau，whothereuponenlisted，andhappilygotshotorfinished）:Berlin’senthusiasmwas，andcontinuedtobe，considerable；——Karschin’shead，Ifear，provedweakish，thoughherrhymingfacultywasgreat。Friedrichsawheronce，October，1763，spokekindlytoher（DIALOGUEreportedbyherself，withaChodowieckiENGRAVINGtohelp，intheMUSEN—ALMANACHSensuing）；
andgavehera10pounds，butnevermuchmore:——\"somebodyhaddonemeillwithhim，\"thinkstheKarschin（notthinking，\"Orperhapsnobodybutmypoorself，andmyweaknessofhead\"）。Shecontinuedrhymingandliving——certainPrincipalitiesandHighPeoplestillstandingtrue——till\"12thOctober，1791。\"
CrabmillisinPommerzigTownship，notfarfromKay:——Zullichau，Kay，Palzig，Crossen，allcometospeechagain，inthisNarrative；
fancyhowtheyturnedupinBerlindinner—circles，toDictatorWedell，grayoldgentleman，whoisnowthesemanyyearsWar—
Minister，peaceable，andwellaccepted，butrememberstheflamyyouthhehad。LandlordoftheseArnoldsandtheirMillisMajorGrafvonSchmettau（noconnectionofourSchmettaus），——towhatinsignificantlysmallamountofrent，Icouldnotlearnonsearching；10poundsannuallyisatooliberalguess。Innumerablethings，ofnopertinencytous，arewearisomelytold，andeveragaintold，whilethepertinentareoftenmissedout，inthatdrearycart—loadofArnoldLaw—Papers，barelyreadable，barelyintelligible，tothemostpatientintellect:withdespatchletusfishupthesmallcardinalparticlesofit，andarrangeinsomechronologicalorhumanorder，thatreadersmayformtothemselvesanoutlineofthething。In1759，wementionedthatthisMillwasgoing；MillerofitanoldArnold，Miller’sLadayoung。Hereisthesubsequentsuccessionofoccurrencesthatconcernus。
In1762，YoungArnold，asIdimlygather，hadgotmarried，apparentlyaWifewithportion；boughttheMillfromhisFather，heandWifeco—possessorsthenceforth；——\"RosinehisSpouse\"figuringjointlyinalltheseLaw—Papers；andtheSpouseespeciallyasamostshiftylitigant。Theretheycontinuetotallysilenttomankindforabouteightyears。HappytheNation，muchmoremaywesaytheHousehold，\"whosePublicHistoryisblank。\"Butintheeighthyear，————————————CORRECT。PARAGRAPHENDSWITHCOMMA————————————————————^
In1770，FreyherrBaronvonGersdorfinKay，wholiesfartherupthestream，bethinkshimofFish—husbandry；makesaFish—pondtohimself，andforpartsupplythereof，layssomebeamorweiracrossthepoorBrook，anddeductsapartofArnold’swater。
In1773，theArnoldsfallintoarrearofrent:\"Wantofwater；
Fish—pondspoilsourwater，\"pleadtheytoMajorGrafvonSchmettau。\"ProsecuteVonGersdorf，then，\"saysSchmettau:\"Imusthavemyrent！Youshallhavetime，lengthenedterms；butpayTHEN，orelse—！\"ForfouryearstheArnoldstriedmoreorlesstopay，butnevercould，orneverdidcompletely:duringwhichperiodMajorvonSchmettauhadthemupinhisCourtofPommerzig，——manorialorfeudalkindofCourt；Ithinkitismoreorlesshis，thoughhedoesnotsitthere；andanAdvocate，notofhisappointing，thoughprobablyofhisaccepting，dispensesjusticethere。SchleckeristheAdvocate’sname；acquittedbyallOfficialpeopleofdoinganythingwrong。NoappearancethattheHerrGrafvonSchmettauputhandtothebalancesofjusticeinthisCourt；withhiseye，however，whoknowsbuthemightactonthemmoreorless！And，atanyrate，besuspectedbydistressedArnolds，especiallybyadistressedFrauArnold，ofdoingso。TheFrauArnoldhadastrongsuspicionthatway；andseemstohaverisenoccasionallyuponSchlecker，whodidonceorderthepoorwomantobelockedupforcontemptofCourt:\"Onlytwohours！\"asseveratesSchleckerafterwards；afterwhichshecameoutcoolandrespectfultoCourt。
NottheleastaccountsurvivesofthoseproceduresinSchlecker’sCourt；butbyaccident，aftermanyreadings，youlightuponalittlefactwhichdoesshedatransientrayoverthem。Namely，thatalreadyin1775，fouryearsbeforetheCasebecameaudibleinOfficialcircles，muchmoreingeneralsociety，FrauArnoldhadseizedanopportunity，MajestybeingatCrosseninthoseneighborhoods，andpresentedaPetition:\"Oh，justKing，appointaMILITARYCOMMISSIONtoinvestigateourbusiness；impartialOfficerswillspeedilyfindoutthefacts，anddecidewhatisjust！\"
[Preuss，iii。382。]WhichdenotesanirritatingexperienceinSchlecker’sCourt。Certainitis，Schlecker’sCourtdid，inthistediousharassingway，decideagainstFrauArnoldineverypoint。
\"PayHerrGrafvonSchmettau，orelsedisappear；prosecuteVonGersdorf，ifyoulike！\"And，infine，astheArnoldscouldnotpayup，norseeanydaylightthroughprosecutingBaronvonGersdorf，thebiggentlemaninKay，——Schlecker，aftersomefiveyearsofthis，decreedSaleoftheMill:——andsolditwas。InZullichau，September7th，1778，thereisAuctionoftheMill；
HerrLandeinnehmer（CESS—COLLECTOR）Kuppischboughtit；
knockeddowntohimforthemoderatesumof600thalers，or90
poundssterling，andtheArnoldsareanoustedfamily。
\"September7th，\"——Potato—WarjustclosingitssadCampaign；
to—morrow，marchforTrautenau，thirtyhorsestoagun。——
TheArnoldsdidmakevariousattemptsandappealstotheNeumarkREGIERUNG（CollegeofJudges）；butitwaswithouttheleastresult。
\"Schleckerrightineverypoint；Gersdorfright，\"answeredtheCollege:\"go，willyou！\"AMillforfeitedbyeveryLaw，andfallentothehighestbidder。Cess—CollectorKuppisch，itwassoonknown，hadsoldhispurchasetoVonGersdorf:\"Hah！\"saidtheruralpublic，smellingsomethingbad。Certainitis，VonGersdorfisbecomeproprietorbothofPondandMill；anditisnottotheruinedArnoldsthatSchleckerlawcanseemanadmirablesample。
Andtruly，readingoverthosebarrow—loadsofpleadingsandRELATIONES，onehastoadmitthat，takenasareasonforseeingoneselfruined，andone’sMillbecomethebiggentleman’swhofanciescarp，theydoseemconsiderablyinsufficient。TheLaw—
Pleadingsaredulyvoluminous。Barrow—loadsofthem，dreariestreadinginCreation，remain；goingintoallmannerofquestions，proving，fromGrotiusandothers，thatlandlordshaverightsuponprivaterivers，andanothersortuponpublicditto；thatVonGersdorf，byLawof1566，hadverilytherighttoputdownhisFish—pond，——whetherSchmettauthedutytoindemnifyArnoldforthesame？thatisnottouchedupon:nor，singulartosay，isitanywheremadeout，orattemptedtobemadeout，HowmuchofwaterArnoldlostbythePond，muchlesswhatdegreeofrealimpediment，bylossofhisowntime，bylossofhiscustomers（tiredofsuchwaitingonamill），ArnoldsufferedbythePond。This，whichyouwouldhavethoughtthesoulofthematter，isabsolutelyleftout；
altogetherunsettled，——after，Ithink，four，oratleastthree，expressCommissionshadsatonit，atsuccessivetimes，withthemostesteemedhydraulicsagesopiningandexamining；——andremains，likethepartofHamlet，omittedbyparticulardesire。NowonderFrauArnoldbeggedforaMilitaryCommission；thatistosay，adecisionfromrationalhumancreatures，insteadofjuridicalwigsproceedingatthisrate。
Itwassometimein1775thatRosine（whatwereckonedaveryelucidativepoint！）hadgiveninherPetitiontotheKingatCrossen，showinghowillSchleckerwasusingthem。Shenow，\"aboutMayday，1779，\"inanewPetition，referredtothat，andagainbeggedaCommissionofSoldier—peopletosettleit。May4th，1779，——Kingnotyethome，butcoming，[\"ArrivedatBerlinMay27th\"
（Rodenbeck，iii。201）。]——King’sCabinet，onOrder，\"SENDSthistoJustice—Department；\"nothingSAIDonit，theexistenceofthePetitionsufficientlySAYING。Justice—DepartmentthereupondemandstheLaw—Records，documentaryNarrativeofRESArnold，fromCustrin；
findsallright:\"Peace，yeArnolds；whatwouldyouhave？\"
[Preuss，iii。382。]
Sameyear，1779（noexpressdate），Grand—ChancellorvonFurst，beingatCustrin，officiallyexaminingtheconditionofLaw—
matters，FrauArnoldfailednottotrytherealsowithaPetition:
\"See，greatLaw—gentlemancometoreformabuses，canthatpossiblybeLaw；orifso，isitnotInjusticeaswell？\"\"Tush！\"answeredFurst；——forIbelieveLaw—people，eversincethisnewstringencyofRoyalvigilanceuponthem，areplaguedwithsuchcomplaintsfromDorfshipsanddarkgreedyPeasantpeople；\"Tush！\"andflungitpromptlyintohiswaste—basket。
Istherenohopeatall，then？ArnoldremembersthataBrotherofhisisaPrussiansoldier；andthathehasforColonel，PrinceLeopoldofBrunswick，aPrincealwayskindtothepoor。TheLeopoldRegimentliesatFrankfurt:tryPrinceLeopoldbythatchannel。
PrinceLeopoldlistened；——theSoldierArnoldprobablyknowntohimasrationalandrespectable。PrinceLeopoldnowlikewiseappliestoFurst:\"Adefect，notofLaw，HerrKanzler，butofEquity，theredoesseem。Schmettauhadarighttohisrent；VonGersdorf，byDeedof1566，tohisPond:buttheArnoldshadnotwaterandhavelosttheirMill。Couldnotthere，\"suggestsLeopold，\"beappointed，withoutnoiseofanykind，aCommissionofneutralpeople，strangerstotheNeumark，tosearchthismattertotheactualrootofit，andletEquityensue？\"TowhomalsoFurstanswers，thoughinapolitershape，\"Tush，Durchlaucht！Everymantohistrade！\"
SothatPrinceLeopoldhimself，theKing’sownNephew，provesfutile？SomethinkLeopolddid，thisveryAutumn，casually，orasifcasually，mentionthemattertotheKing，——whosemindisuneasilyawaketoallsuchcases，knowingwhatabuckramsethisLawyersare。\"AttheReviews，\"asthesepeoplesay，Leopoldcouldnothavedoneit；therebeing，thisYear，noReviews，merelyreturnofKingandArmyfromtheBavarianWar。ButduringAugust，andonintoSeptemberthisYear，itisveryevident，therewasaVisitoftheBrunswickFamilyatPotsdam，[Rodenbeck，iii。206etseq。]
Leopold’sMammaandcertainofhisBrothers，——ofwhich，ColonelPrinceLeopold，thoughnotexpresslymentionedintheBooks，mayverypossiblyhavebeenpermitted，foradayortwo，toformpart，forMamma’sbehoofandhisown；andmayhavemadehiscasualobservation，atsomewell—chosenmoment，withtheeffectintended。
Inwhichcase，Leopoldwasbynomeansfutile，butproved，afterall，tobethesavingclausefortheArnolds。
Gallantyoungfellow，onelovestobelieveitofhim；andtoaddittotheoneotherfactnowknownofhim，whichwasalsobeautiful，thoughtragic。Sixyearsafter，Spring，1785，OderRiver，swollenbyrains，wasinwilddeluge；housesinthesuburbsliketobewashedaway。Leopold，lookingonitfromtheBridgeorshore，perhapspartlywithanOfficialeye，sawtheinhabitantsofsomehousesliketobedrowned；lookedwildlyforassistance，butfoundnone；anddid，himself，inuncontrollablepity，dashoffinalittleboat，throughthewild—eddyingsurges；andgothisowndeaththere，himselfdrownedinstrugglingtosaveothers。
Whichoccasionedloudlamentationintheworld；inhispoorMother’sheartwhatunnamablevoicelesslamentation！[Friedrich’sLettertoher:OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。i。
351（\"12thMay，1785\"）。]HehadfoundedaGarrisonSchoolatFrankfurt；sparednoexpenditureofpainsorofmoney。AmanadoredinFrankfurt。\"HisBrotherFriedrich，inmemoryofhim，presented，nextyear，theUniforminwhichLeopoldwasdrowned，totheFreemasonLodgeofBerlin，ofwhichhehadbeenmember。\"
[Militair—Lexikon，i。24。]
SUNTLACRYMAERERUM。
ButtoreturntotheArnolds，andhavedonewiththem:forwearenow，byLeopold’shelporotherwise，gottothelastactofthattediousbusiness。
August21st，1779（thesehighBrunswickersstillatPotsdam，ifthathadanyinfluence），theArnoldsagainmakePetitiontotheKing:\"Alas，nojusticeyet，yourMajesty！\"\"Shallweneverseetheendofthis，then？\"thinkstheKing:\"someSoldier，withhumaneyes，lethim，attendedbyoneoftheirLaw—wigs，goupontheground；andsearchit！\"And，nextday，havingtakenProtocoloftheArnoldComplaint，issuesCabinet—Order，orKing’sMessagetotheCustrinLaw—wigs:\"ColonelHeucking[whoseregimentliesinZullichaudistrict，apunctualenoughman]，heshallbetheSoldier；towhomdoYOUadjoinwhatmemberofyourCourtyouthinkthefittest:andlet，atlast，justicebedone。Andswift，ifyouplease！\"
TheCustrinRegierung，withoutdelay，nameREGIERUNGS—RATHNeumann；
whoisswiftlyready，asisColonelHeuckingswiftly，——andtheytwosetouttogetherupthePommerzigBrook，overthatmoorCountry；
investigating，pondering，hearingwitnesses，andnodoubtconsulting，anddiligentlyendeavoringtogettothebottomofthispoorArnoldquestion。ForhowmanySeptemberdays，Iknownot:
everybodyknows，however，thattheycouldnotagree；inotherwords，thattheysawTWObottomstoit，——theLawgentlemanonebottom，theSoldieranother。\"Truebottomisalreadythere，\"arguedtheLawgentleman:\"confirmDecisionofCourtineverypoint。\"
\"No；Arnoldhaslostwater，hassufferedwrong，\"thinksHeucking；\"thatisthetruebottom。\"Andsotheypart，eachwithhisownopinion。Neumannaffirmedafterwards，thattheColonelcamewithapredeterminationthatway，andeventhathesaid，onceoroftener，inhiseagernesstopersuade:\"HisMajestyhasgotitintohisthought；therewillbenothingbuttroubleifyoupersistinthatnotion。\"TowhichvirtuousNeumannwasdeaf。Neumannalsosays，TheColonel，acquaintedwithAustrianenemies，butnotwithLaw，hadbroughtwithhimhisRegiment’s—Auditor，oneBech，formerlyaLaw—practitionerinCrossen（readersknowCrossen，andEx—DictatorWedelldoes），——Law—practitionerinCrossen；whohadbeeninstrifewiththeCustrinRegierung，underrebukefromthem（tooimportunateforsomeofhispauperclients，belike）；wasacunningfellowtoo，andhadthesaidRegierunginill—will。
AnadroitfellowBechmightbe，ormusthavebeen；buthisnowofficeofRegiment’s—Auditoriscertificateofhonesty，——good，atleast，againstNeumann。
Neumann’sCourtwassilentabouttheseNeumannsurmises；butsaidafterwards，\"Heuckinghadnotgonetothebottomofthething。\"
Thiswasinasubsequentreport，somefiveorsixweekssubsequent。
Theirpresentreporttheyredactedtotheeffect，\"Allcorrectasitstood，\"withoutoncementioningHeucking。Gaveitin，27thSeptember；bywhichtimeHeucking’salsowasin，andhadmadeastrongimpressiononhisMajesty。Presumablyanhonest，intelligiblereport；though，byill—luckforthecurious，itisnowlost；amongthebarrow—loadsofvaguewiggedstuff，thisonePiece，probablyhuman，isnottobediscovered。
Friedrich’sindignationattheCustrinreport，\"Perfectlycorrectasitstood，\"andnomentionofHeuckingorhisdissent，wasconsiderable:already，27thSeptember，——thatis，ontheverydaywhilethoseCustrinpeopleweresigningtheirprovokingreport，——
Friedrich，confidentinHeucking，hadtransmittedtohisSupremeBoardofJustice（KAMMERGERICHT）theimpartialHeucking’saccountoftheaffair，withorder，\"Seethere，animpartialhumanaccount，clearandcircumstantial（DEUTLICHESUNDGANZUMSTANDLICHES），goingdowntothetruerootsofthebusiness:swift，getmejusticefortheseArnolds！\"[Preuss，iii。480。]Scarcelywasthisgone，when，September29th，theCustrinimpertinence，\"Perfectlyrightasitstood，\"cametohand；kindlingtheKingintohotprovocation；
\"extremedispleasure，AUSSERSTESMISFALLEN，\"ashisAnswerbore:
\"Rectifymeallthatstraightway，andrelievetheseArnoldsoftheirinjuries！\"YouPettifoggingPedantKnaves，bringthatArnoldmattertoorder，willyou；youhadbetter！——
TheCustrinKnaves，withwhatfeelingsIknownot，proceedaccordingly；appointanewCommission，oneormoreLawyersinit，andatleastoneHydraulicGentlemaninit，Schadethenameofhim；
whoaretogoupontheground，hearwitnessesandthelike。
Whowentaccordingly；andmanaged，nottoofast，HydraulicSchaderatherdisagreeingfromtheLegalGentlemen，toproduceaReport，reportedUPONbytheCustrinCourt，28thOctober:\"Thatthereisoneerrorfound:6pounds12s。asvalueofcornLEFT，clearlyArnold’sthat，whenhisMillwassold；that，withthisimprovement，allisNOWcorrecttotheuttermost；andthatHeuckinghadnotinvestigatedthingstothebottom。\"Bysomeaccident，thisReportdidnotcomeatoncetoFriedrich，orhadescapedhisattention；
sothat——
November21st，mattershangingfireinthisway，FrauArnoldappliesagain，byPetitiontohisMajesty；uponwhichisnewRoyal0rder，[Ib。iii。490。]farmorepatientthanmighthavebeenexpected:\"InGod’sname，rectifymethatArnoldmatter，andletusatlastseetheendofit！\"TowhichtheCustrinersanswer:\"Allisrectified，yourMajesty。FrauArnold，inherPetition，hasnotmentionedthatshegained6pounds12s。；\"——importantitemthat；
6pounds12s。forCORNleft（clearlyArnold’sthat，whenhisMillwassold）！\"Oursentencewecannotalter；aCourt’ssentenceisalterableonlybyappeal；yourMajestydecideswheretheappealistolie！\"Friedrich’spatienceisnowwearingout；buthedoesnotyetgiveway:\"BerlinKammergerichtbeyourAppealCourt，\"decideshe，28thNovember:andwilladmitofnodelayontheKammergericht’sparteither。\"PapersallatCustrin，sayyou？
Sendforthembyexpress；theywillcomeinoneday:beswift，Isay！\"
ChancellorFurstisnotawillinghorseinthiscase；butheisobligedtogo。December7th，KammergerichtsitsontheArnoldAppeal；Kammergericht’sviewis:\"Custrinpapersallhere，nottheleastdelaypermitted；you，JudgeRannsleben，takethesePaperstoyou；downuponthem:letus，ifhumanlypossible，haveaReportbyto—morrow。\"RannslebentakesthePapersinhandDecember7th；
worksuponthemallday，andallnightfollowing，atarateofenergymemorableamongLegalgentlemen；andDecember8thattendswithlucidReportuponthem，orcoupleofReports；oneonArnoldVERSUSSchmettau，insixfolios；oneonArnoldVERSUSGersdorf，intwoditto；drawsthesetwoDocumentsfromhispocketDecember8th；
readstheminassembledCourt（sixoftheJudgespresent[Preuss，iii。496。]，——which，withmarkedthankfulnesstotheswiftRannsleben，atonceadoptshisReport，andpronouncesupontheCustrinRaths，\"Rightineveryparticular。\"Witnessourhands:
everyoneaffixinghissignature，astoamatterhappilygotdonewith。
ItwasFriday，10thDecember，1779，beforeFriedrichgotthisfinebitofnews；Saturday11th，beforeheauthenticallysawtheirSentence。HeislyingmiserablyillofgoutintheSchlossofBerlin；andIsuppose，sincehisFather，ofblessedmemory，tookcudgeltocertainJudgesandknockedoutteethfromthem，andbrokethejudicialcrowns，nobodyinthatSchlosshasbeeninsuchhumoragainstmenofLaw。\"Attendmehereat2P。M。withtheThreeRathswhosignedinArnold’sCase:\"Saturday，about11A。M。，ChancellorFurstreceivesthiscommand；getsRannsleben，andtwoothers，Friedel，Graun，——andthereoccurredsuchascene——ButitwillbebettertoletRannslebenhimselftellthestory；whohasleftanAUTOBIOGRAPHY，punctuallycorrect，toallappearance，butexceptthisalonenotablepassageofit，stillunpublished，andliketocontinueso:——
\"BERLIN，TUESDAY，7thDECEMBER，1779，\"saysRannsleben（lethimtellitagaininhisownwords），\"theACTA，whichhadarrivedfromCustrinINREMillerArnoldandhisWifeVERSUSLandrathvonGersdorf，asalsothose，inthesamematter，VERSUSCountvonSchmettau，wereassignedtome，tobereportedonQUAMPRIMUM；——ourPresidentvonRebeur，\"PresidentoftheSupremeKAMMERGERICHT
（King’s—ChamberTribunal，sayExchequerHighCourt，orCOLLEGIUM），whereofIhavethehonortobeoneoftheSevenJudges，orRATHS，——
\"ourPresidentvonRebeurenjoiningmetomakesuchutmostdespatchthatmyReportonboththesesetsofPapersmightbereadtotheassembledCourtnextday；wherebysaidCourtmightthenandtherebeenabledtopronouncejudgmentonthesame，Iatoncesettowork；wentonwithitallnight；andonthemorrowIbroughtbothmyReports（RELATIONES），\"——onereferringtotheGersdorf，theothertotheSchmettaupartofthesuit，——\"oneofsixsheets，theotheroftwosheets，totheKammergericht；wherebothRELATIONESwereread。Therewerepresent，besidesme，thefollowingsixmembersoftheCOLLEGIUM:PresidentvonRebeur，RathsUhl，Friedel，Kircheisen，Graun，Gassler。
\"Appellant，\"asweallknow，\"wasMillerArnold；andalongwiththeACTAwerevarioussevereCabinet—Orders，inwhichtheKing，whohadtakenquiteparticularnoticeoftheCase，positivelyenjoined，ThatMillerArnoldshouldhavejusticedonehim。TheKinghadnot，however，givenformallyanyauthoritativeDecisionofhisown（KEINENEIGENTLICHENMACHTSPRUCHGETHAN），\"whichmighthavegivenuspause，thoughnotfull—stopbyanymeans:\"but，inhisOrdertotheKammergericht，hadmerelysaid，weweretodecidewiththeutmostdespatch，andthenatonceinformhisMajestyhow。\"Withthespeedoflightorofthought，Rannslebenhardlydonereading，thisKammergerichtdecided，——itiswellknownhow:\"IntheKing’sname；
rightineveryparticular，youCustrinGentlemen；——whichbesogoodaspublishtopartiesconcerned！\"
ReportofKammergericht’sJudgmenttothiseffect，forbehoofofCustrin，wasatoncegotunderway；andKammergericht，inregardtohisMajesty，agreedmerelytoannouncethefactinthatquarter:
\"Judgmentarrivedat，pleaseyourMajesty；——JudgmentalreadyunderwayforCustrin:\"——you，Rannsleben，withoutsayingwhattheJudgmentis，youagainwriteforus。AndRannslebendoesso；
writestheabovelittleMessagetohisMajesty，\"whichgottotheKing’shand，Friday，December10th。Andthesameday，\"continuesRannsleben，\"theKingdespatchedaverysevereCabinet—OrdertoMinistervonDornberg，\"——headoftheDepartmenttowhichtheKammergerichtbelongs，——\"demandingaCopyoftheJudgment。
Whichorderwasatonceobeyed。
\"Hereupon，onSaturday，about11A。M。，therecametoGrand—
ChancellorvonFurst，\"sublimeheadofusandofallLawyers，\"aCabinet—Order，’Appearbeforemehere，thisday，at2o’clock；andbringwithyouyourThreeKammergerichtRathswhodrewup（MINUTIRT）theJudgmentintheArnoldCase。’\"MessagebodefultoFurstandthethreeRaths。
\"NOTA，\"saysRannslebenhere，\"theKingisundertheimpressionthat，injudgingaCase，ThreeRathsarealwaysemployed，andthereforedemandsThreeofus。But，properly，alltheabove—namedSixMEMBRACOLLEGII，besidesmyself，oughttohavegonetothePalace，orelseIalone。\"Onsomepointsanill—informedKing。
Rannslebencontinues:——
\"PresidentvonRebeurcametomeinhiscarriage，ataquarterto12；toldmeoftheKing’sOrder；andsaid，astheKingdemandedonlyThreeRaths，therewasnothingforitbuttonamemeandRathsFriedelandKircheisen，myusualpartnersinJudgmentbusiness。
Finding，however，onlookingintotheSentenceitself，thatKircheisenwasnotamongstthesignersofit，he[Rebeur]named，insteadofhim，RathGraun，whowas。FortheHerrPresidentapprehendedtheKingmightdemandtoseeourSentenceINORIGINALI，andwouldthenbeangrythatapersonhadbeensenttohimwhohadnotsignedthesame。PresidentvonRebeurinstructedmefarther，ThatI，asReporterintheCase，wastobespokesmanatthePalace；
andshouldexplaintohisMajestythereasonswhichhadweighedwiththeKammergerichtincomingtosuchdecision。
\"TomydearWifeI，\"asbeseemedagoodhusband，\"saidnothingofallthis；confidingitonlytomyFather—in—law，whotriedtocheerme。Nor，indeed，didIfeelanyfearwithinme，beingpersuadedinmyconsciencethat，inthisdecisionoftheArnoldCase，Ihadproceededaccordingtothebestofmyknowledgeandconviction。
\"At1o’clockIdrovetotheGrand—Chancellor’s，whereIfoundtheRathsFriedelandGraunalreadyarrived。TheChancellor，\"oldFurst，\"instructedusastowhatwehadtodowhenwecamebeforetheKing。Andthen，towards2o’clock，hetookusinhiscarriagetothePalace。WeenteredtheroomimmediatelyattheendoftheGreatHall。Herewefoundaheyduc[tallporter]，bywhomtheChancellorannouncedtotheKingthatwewerehere。Heyducsooncamebacktoinquire，WhethertheCABINETS—RATHStellter，\"aSecretaryorShort—handwriterofhisMajesty’s，\"hadarrivedyet；
andwhetherwe[WE，whatadoubt！]werePrivyCouncillors。WewerethenshortlyaftershownintotheKing。Wepassedthroughthreerooms，thesecondofwhichwasthatinwhichstandstheCONFIDENZ
TAFEL[Tablethatgoesbypulleysthroughthefloor，andcomesuprefurnished，whenyouwishtobespeciallyprivatewithyourfriends]。Inthefourth，asmallroomwithonewindow，wastheKing。TheChancellorwalkedfirst；Ifollowedhimclose；behindmecametheRathFriedel，andthenGraun。Somewaywithin，oppositethedoor，stoodascreen；withourbackstothis，\"theKingwardsideofthis，\"werangedourselves，\"——inrespectfulrowofFour，Furstattheinwardendofus（rightorleftisnomatter）。
\"TheKingsatinthemiddleoftheroom，sothathecouldlookpoint—blankatus；hesatwithhisbacktothechimney，inwhichtherewasafireburning。Hehadonawornhat，oftheclericalshape[old—militaryinfact，notashovelatall]；CASSAQUIN，\"
shortdressing—gown，\"ofred—brown（MORDORE）velvet；
blackbreeches，andbootswhichcamequiteupovertheknee。
Hishairwasnotdressed。Threelittlebenchletsorstools，coveredwithgreencloth，stoodbeforehim，onwhichhehadhisfeetlying[terriblyillofgout]。Inhislaphehadasortofmuff，withoneofhishandsinit，whichseemedtobegivinghimgreatpain。
IntheotherhandheheldourSentenceontheArnoldCase。Helayreclining（LAG）inaneasy—chair；athisleftstoodatable，withvariouspapersonit，——andtwogoldsnuffboxes，richlysetwithbrilliants，fromwhichhekepttakingsnuffnowandthen。
\"Besidesus，therewaspresentintheroomtheCabinets—RathStellter[oftheshort—hand]，whostoodatadesk，andwasgettingreadyforwriting。TheKinglookedatus，saying，’Comenearer！’
Whereuponweadvancedanotherstep，andwerenowwithinlessthantwostepsofhim。HeaddressedhimselftousthreeRaths，takingnonoticeatalloftheGrand—Chancellor:——
KING。\"’IsityouwhodrewupthejudgmentintheArnoldcase？’
WE（especiallyI，withabow）。\"’Yea。’
\"TheKingthenturnedtotheRathFriedel[toFriedel，asthecentralfigureoftheThree，perhapsastheportliest，thoughpoorFriedel，exceptsigning，hadlittlecognizanceofthething，inwhichnothebutRannslebenwastohavebeenspokesman]，andaddressedtoFriedelthosequestions，ofwhich，withtheiranswers，thereisProtocolpublished，underRoyalauthority，intheBerlinnewspapersofDecember14th，1779；\"[VONSEINERKONIGLICHEN
MAJESTATHOCHSTSELBATANGEHALTENESPROTOCOLL:\"Protocol[MinuteofProceedings]heldbyRoyalMajesty’sHighest—self，onthe11thDecember，1779，concerningthethreeKammergerichts—Raths，Friedel，GraunandRannsleben:\"inPREUSS，iii。495。]ShorthandStelltertakingdownwhatwassaid，——quiteaccurately，testifiesRannsleben。
FromStellter（thatistosayfromthe\"Protocol\"justmentioned），orfromStellterandRannslebentogether，wecontinuetheDialogue:——
KINGtoFriedel[inthetoneofaRhadamanthussufferingfromgout]。\"’TogivesentenceagainstaPeasantfromwhomyouhavetakenwagon，ploughandeverythingthatenableshimtogethisliving，andtopayhisrentandtaxes:isthatathingthatcanbedone？’
FRIEDEL（andthetwoMutes，bowing）。\"’No。’
KING。\"’MayaMillerwhohasnowater，andconsequentlycannotgrind，and，therefore，notearnanything，havehismilltakenfromhim，onaccountofhisnothavingpaidhisrent:isthatjust？’
FRIEDEL（andMutesasaforesaid）。\"’No。’
KING。\"’ButherenowisaNobleman，wishingtomakeaFish—pond:
togetmorewaterforhisPond，hehasaditchdug，todrawintoitthewaterfromasmallstreamwhichdrivesawater—mill。
TherebytheMillerloseshiswater，andcannotgrind；or，atmost，canonlygrindinthespringforthespaceofafortnight，andlateintheautumn，perhapsanotherfortnight。Yet，inspiteofallthis，itispretendedthattheMillershallpayhisrentquitethesameasatthetimewhenhehadfullwaterforhismill。Ofcourse，hecannotpayhisrent；hisincomingsaregone！AndwhatdoestheCustrinCourtofJusticedo？Itordersthemilltobesold，thattheNoblemanmayhavehisrent。AndtheBerlinTribunal’\"——
ChancellorFurst，standingpainfullymute，unspokento，unnoticedhitherto，morelikeabroomstickthanaChancellor，venturestostrikeinwithasyllableofemendation，asmallcorrection，ofthesewords\"BerlinTribunal\"——
FURST（suggestively）。\"’Kammergericht[mildlysuggestive，andperhapswithsomethinginhistonewhichmeans，\"Iamnotabroomstick！\"]:Kammergericht！’
KING（toshort—handStellter）。\"’Kammergerichts—Tribunal:——[thentoFurst]Goyou，Sir，aboutyourbusiness，ontheinstant！
YourSuccessorisappointed；withyouIhavenothingmoretodo。
Disappear！’\"——\"Ordered，\"saysOfficialRannsleben，\"orderedtheGrand—Chancellor，inverysevereterms，Tobegone！tellinghimthathisSuccessorwasalreadyappointed。WhichorderHerrvonFurst，withoutsayingaword，hastilyobeyed，passinginfrontofusthree，withtheutmostspeed。\"Infront，——screen，Isuppose，nothavingroombehindit，——andaltogethervanishesfromFriedrich’sHistory；allbutsomeGHOSTofhim（sowemaytermit），whichreappearsforaninstantonce，aswillbenoticed。
KING（continuestoFriedel，notinalowertoneprobably）:——\"’theKammergerichts—Tribunalconfirmsthesame。Thatishighlyunjust；
andsuchSentenceisaltogethercontrarytohisMajesty’slandsfatherlyintentions:——myname[yougiveit，\"IntheKing’sName，\"forsooth]cruellyabused！’\"
Sofarissetforthinthe\"RoyalProtocolprintednextTuesday，\"
aswellasinRannsleben。Butfromthispoint，theDialogue——ifitcanbecalledDialogue，beingmerelyarebukeandexpectorationofRoyalwrathagainstFriedelandhisTwo，whoareallmute，sofarasIcanlearn，andstandlikecriminalsinthedock，feelingthemselvesunjustlycondemned——getsmoreandmoreintoconflagration，andcannotbedistinctlyreported。\"MYnametosuchathing！WhenwasIfoundtooppressapoormanforloveofarich？
Tofollowwiggeriesandformswithsolemnattention，carelesswhatbecameoftheinternalfact？Actof1566，allowingGersdorftomakehisPond？Likeenough；——andArnold’slossofwater，thatisnotworththeascertaining；youknownotyetwhatitwas，someofyouevensayitwasnothing；carenotwhetheritwasanything。
CouldArnoldgrind，ornot，asformerly？WhatisActof1566，oranyorallActs，incomparison？Wretchedmortals，hadyouwigsafathomlong，andLaw—booksonyourback，andActsof1566bythehundredweight，whatcouldithelp，iftherightofapoormanwereleftbyyoutrampledunderfoot？WhatisthemeaningofyoursittingthereasJudges？DispensersofRightinGod’sNameandmine？Iwillmakeanexampleofyouwhichshallberemembered！——
Outofmysight！\"WhereuponEXEUNTinhaste，allThree，——thoughnotfar，nothome，aswillbeseen。
Onlytheessentialsenseofallthis，nottheexactterms，could（orshould）anyStelltertakeinshort—hand；andintheProtocolitisdecorouslyomittedaltogether。Rannslebenmerelysays:\"TheKingfarthermadeuseofverystrongexpressionsagainstus，\"——toostrongtoberepeated，——\"and，atlast，dismisseduswithoutsayingwhatheintendedtodowithus。Wehadhardlylefttheroom，whenhefollowedus，orderingustowait。TheKing，duringtheinterviewwithus，heldtheSentence，ofmycomposition，inhishand；
andseemedparticularlyirritatedaboutthecircumstanceofthejudgmentbeingpronouncedinhisname，asistheusualform。
Hestruckthepaperagainandagainwithhisotherhand，\"——heatofindignationquiteextinguishinggout，forthemoment，——\"exclaimingatthesametimerepeatedly，’Cruellyabusedmyname（MEINENNAMEN
CRUELMISSBRAUCHT）！’\"[Preuss，iii。495—498。]——WewillnowgivetheremainingpartoftheProtocol（whatdirectlyfollowstheaboveCATECHETICALorDIALOGUEpartbeforethatcaughtfire），——astakendownbyStellter，andreadinalltheNewspapersnextTuesday:——
\"PROTOCOL[ofDecember11th，Titlealreadygiven；[Supra，p。439n。]Docketingadds]，WHICHISTOBEPRINTED。\"……（CATECHETICSASABOVE，——ANDTHEN）:\"TheKing’sdesirealwaysisandwas，Thateverybody，behehighorlow，richorpoor，getpromptjustice；andthat，withoutregardofpersonorrank，nosubjectofhisfailatanytimeofimpartialrightandprotectionfromhisCourtsofLaw。
\"Wherefore，withrespecttothismostunjustSentenceagainsttheMillerArnoldofthePommerzigCrabmill，pronouncedintheNeumark，andconfirmedhereinBerlin，hisMajestywillestablishanemphaticexample（EINNACHDRUCKLICHESEXEMPELSTATUIREN）；totheendthatallCourtsofJustice，inalltheKing’sProvinces，maytakewarningthereby，andnotcommitthelikeglaringunjustacts。
For，letthembearinmind，Thattheleastpeasant，yea，whatisstillmore，thatevenabeggar，is，nolessthanhisMajesty，ahumanbeing，andonetowhomduejusticemustbemetedout。AllmenbeingequalbeforetheLaw，ifitisaprincecomplainingagainstapeasant，orVICEVERSA，theprinceisthesameasthepeasantbeforetheLaw；and，onsuchoccasions，purejusticemusthaveitscourse，withoutregardofperson:LettheLaw—Courts，inalltheProvinces，takethisfortheirrule。Andwhenevertheydonotcarryoutjusticeinastraightforwardmanner，withoutanyregardofpersonandrank，butputasidenaturalfairness，——thentheyshallhavetoanswerhisMajestyforit（SOLLENSICESMITSEINER
KONIGLICHENMAJESTATZUTHUNKRIEGEN）。ForaCourtofLawdoinginjusticeismoredangerousandperniciousthanabandofthieves:
againsttheseonecanprotectoneself；butagainstrogueswhomakeuseofthecloakofjusticetoaccomplishtheirevilpassions，againstsuchnomancanguardhimself。Theseareworsethanthegreatestknavestheworldcontains，anddeservedoublepunishment。
\"Fortherest，beitalsoknowntothevariousCourtsofJustice，ThathisMajestyhasappointedanewGrand—Chancellor。\"
Furstdismissed。\"YethisMajestywillnotthelesslooksharplywithhisowneyesaftertheLaw—proceedingsinalltheProvinces；
andhecommandsyou\"——thatis，alltheLaw—courts——\"urgentlyherewith:FIRSTLY，\"——whichisalsolastly，——\"Toproceedtodealequallywithallpeopleseekingjustice，beitprinceorpeasant；
for，there，allmustbealike。However，ifhisMajesty，atanytimehereafter，comeuponafaultcommittedinthisregard，theguiltyCourtscannowimaginebeforehandhowtheywillbepunishedwithrigor，PresidentaswellasRaths，whoshallhavedeliveredajudgmentsowickedandopenlyopposedtojustice。WhichallCollegesofJusticeinallhisMajesty’sProvincesareparticularlytotakenoticeof。\"
\"MEM。ByhisMajesty’sspecialcommand，measuresaretakenthatthisProtocolbeinsertedinalltheBerlinJournals。\"[In
Berlin’scheNachrichtenvonStaatsundGelehrtenSachen，No。149，\"Tuesday，14thDecember，1779。\"Preuss，iii。494。]
TheremainderofRannsleben’sNarrativeisbeautifullybriefandsignificant。——\"Wehadhardlylefttheroom，\"saidheSUPRA，\"whentheKingfollowedus，\"lameashewas，withafulminant\"Waitthere！\"Rannslebencontinues:\"ShortlyaftercameanAide—de—Camp，whotookusinacarriagetothecommonTown—prison，theKalandshof；heretwoCorporalsandtwoPrivatesweresettoguardus。Onthe13thDecember，1779，\"thirddayofourarrest，\"aCabinet—Orderwaspublishedtous，bywhichtheKinghadappointedaCommissionofInquiry；buthad，atthesametime，commandedbeforehandthattheSentenceshouldnotbelessthanayear’sconfinementinafortress，dismissalfromoffice，andpaymentofcompensationtotheArnoldpeopleforthelossestheyhadsustained。\"Whichcertainlywasabadoutlookforus。
PreciselythesamehasbefallenourBrethrenofCustrin；allsuddenlypackedintoPrison，justwhilereadingourApprovalofthem；——theretheysit，theirSentencetobelikeours。\"OurarrestintheKalandshoflastedfrom11thDecember，1779，till5thJanuary，1780，\"threeweeksandthreedays，——when（withTwoExceptions，tobenotedpresently）wewereall，KammergerichtersandCustrinersalike，transferredtoSpandau。
IspokeofwhatmightbecalledaghostofKanzlerFurstoncerevisitingtheglimpsesoftheMoon，orSuniftherewereanyinthedismalDecemberdays。Thisisit，witnessonewhosawit:
\"OnthemorningofDecember12th，thedayaftertheGrand—
Chancellor’sdismissal，theStreetinwhichhelivedwasthrongedwiththecarriagesofcallers，whocametotestifytheirsympathy，andtooffertheircondolencetothefallenChancellor。ThecrowdofcarriagescouldbeseenfromthewindowsoftheKing’sPalace。\"
ThesameyoungLegalGentleman，byandbyaveryoldone，who，himselfoneofthecallersattheEx—Chancellor’shousethatday，sawthis，andrelateditinhisoldagetoHerrPreuss，[Preuss，iii。499，500。]remembersandrelatesalsothisothersignificantfact:——
\"Duringthedaysthatfollowed\"theaboveeventandPublicationoftheRoyalProtocol，\"Ioftencrossed，intheforenoon，theEsplanadeinfrontofthePalace（SCHLOSSPLATZ），atthatsidewheretheKing’sapartmentswere；thesamewhichhisRoyalHighnesstheCrown—Princenow[1833]occupies。Irememberthathere，onthatpartoftheEsplanadewhichwasdirectlyunderFriedrich’swindows，therestoodconstantlynumbersofPeasants，nottenortwelve，butasmanyasahundredatatime；allwithPetitionsintheirhands，whichtheywereholdinguptowardsthewindow；shouting，’PleasehisMajestytolookatthese；wehavebeenstillworsetreatedthantheArnolds！’Andindeed，IhaveunderstoodtheLaw—Courts，forsometimeafter，foundgreatdifficultytoasserttheirauthority:
thepartiesagainstwhomjudgmentwent，takingrefugeintheArnoldprecedent，andappealingdirecttotheKing。\"