\"WedrovetoFerney，throughacharmingcountry，coveredwithcornandvines，inviewoftheLake，andMountainsofGex，SwitzerlandandSavoy。Onthelefthand，approachingtheHouse，isaneatChapelwiththisinscription:——
’DEOEREXITVOLTAIREMDCCLXI。’
Isenttoinquire，WhetherastrangermightbeallowedtoseetheHouseandGardens；andwasansweredintheaffirmative。Aservantsooncame，andconductedmeintothecabinetorclosetwherehisMasterhadjustbeenwriting:thisisnevershownwhenheisathome；buthavingwalkedout，Iwasallowedthatprivilege。
FromthenceIpassedtotheLibrary，whichisnotaverylargeone，butwellfilled。HereIfoundawhole—lengthFigureinmarbleofhimself，recumbent，inoneofthewindows；andmanycuriositiesinanotherroom；aBustofhimself，madenottwoyearssince；
hisMother’spicture；thatofhisNiece，MadamDenis；hisBrother，M。Dupuis；theCalasFamily；andothers。ItisaveryneatandelegantHouse；notlarge，noraffectedlydecorated。
\"Ishouldfirsthaveremarked，thatclosetotheChapel，betweenthatandthehouse，istheTheatre，whichhebuiltsomeyearsago；
wherehetreatedhisfriendswithsomeofhisownTragedies:itisnowonlyusedasareceptacleforwoodandlumber，therehavingbeennoplayactedinitthesefouryears。TheservanttoldmehisMasterwas78[76gone]，butverywell。’ILTRAVAILLE，’saidhe，’PENDANTDIXHEURESCHAQUEJOUR，Hestudiestenhourseveryday；
writesconstantlywithoutspectacles，andwalksoutwithonlyadomestic，oftenamileortwo——ETLEVOILA，LABAS，Andsee，yonderheis！’
\"Hewasgoingtohisworkmen。Myheartleapedatthesightofsoextraordinaryaman。HehadjustthenquittedhisGarden，andwascrossingthecourtbeforehisHouse。Seeingmychaise，andmeonthepointofmountingit，hemadeasigntohisservantwhohadbeenmyCICERONE，togotohim；inorder，Isuppose，toinquirewhoIwas。Aftertheyhadexchangedafewwordstogether，he，\"M。deVoltaire，\"approachedtheplacewhereIwasstandingmotionless，inordertocontemplatehispersonasmuchasIcouldwhilehiseyeswereturnedfromme；butonseeiughimmovetowardsme，Ifoundmyselfdrawnbysomeirresistiblepowertowardshim；and，withoutknowingwhatIdid，Iinsensiblymethimhalf—way。
\"ItisnoteasytoconceiveitpossibleforlifetosubsistinaformsonearlycomposedofmereskinandboneasthatofM。deVoltaire。\"ExtremelyleanoldGentleman！\"Hecomplainedofdecrepitude，andsaid，HesupposedIwasanxioustoformanideaofthefigureofonewalkingafterdeath。However，hiseyesandwholecountenancearestillfulloffire；andthoughsoemaciated，amorelivelyexpressioncannotbeimagined。
\"HeinquiredafterEnglishnews；andobservedthatPoeticalsquabbleshadgivenwaytoPoliticalones；butseemedtothinkthespiritofoppositionasnecessaryinpoetryasinpolitics。
’Lesquerellesd’auteurssontpourlebiendelalitterature，commedansungouvernementlibrelesquerellesdesgrands，etlesclameursdespetits，sontnecessairesalaliberte。’
Andadded，’Whencriticsaresilent，itdoesnotsomuchprovetheAgetobecorrect，asdull。’HeinquiredwhatPoetswehadnow；ItoldhimwehadMasonandGray。’Theywritebutlittle，’saidhe:’andyouseemtohavenoonewholordsitovertherest，likeDryden，PopeandSwift。’ItoldhimthatitwasoneoftheinconveniencesofPeriodicalJournals，howeverwellexecuted，thattheyoftensilencedmodestmenofgenius，whileimpudentblockheadswereimpenetrable，andunabletofeelthecritic’sscourge:thatMr。GrayandMr。Masonhadbothbeenilliberallytreatedbymechanicalcritics，eveninnewspapers；
andadded，thatmodestyandloveofquietseemedinthesegentlementohavegotthebetterevenoftheirloveoffame。
\"Duringthisconversation，weapproachedthebuildingsthathewasconstructingneartheroadtohisChateau。’These，’saidhe，pointingtothem，’arethemostinnocent，andperhapsthemostuseful，ofallmyworks。’Iobservedthathehadotherworks，whichwereoffarmoreextensiveuse，andwouldbemuchmoredurable，thanthose。Hewassoobligingastoshowmeseveralfarm—housesthathehadbuilt，andtheplansofothers:afterwhichItookmyleave。\"[Burney’sPresentStateofMusic
（London，1773），pp。55—62。
NO。2。AREVERENDMR。SHERLOCKSEESVOLTAIRE，ANDEVEN
DINESWITHHIM（April，1776）。
Sherlock’sBookofTRAVELS，thoughhewroteitintwolanguages，anditoncehaditsvogue，isnowlittleotherthanaDanceofWill—o’—wispstous。ABooktawdry，incoherent，indistinct，atonceflashyandopaque，fullofidleexcrescencesandexuberances；——asisthepoormanhimself。Hewas\"ChaplaintotheEarlofBristol，BishopofDerry；\"gyratingaboutasecclesiasticalMoontothatfamedSolarLuminary，whatcouldyouexpect！[TitleofhisBookis，LettersfromanEnglishTraveller；translatedfromtheFrenchOriginal（London，1780）。Ditto，
LettersfromanEnglishTrader；writtenoriginallyinFrench；bytheRev。MartinSherlock，A。M。，ChaplaintotheEarlofBristol，&c。（anewEdition，2vols。，London，1802）。]PoorSherlockisnowhereintentionallyfabulous；norintrinsicallyaltogethersofoolishasheseems:letthatsufficeus。InhisDanceofWill—o’—wisps，whichinthispointhappilyisdated，——26th—27thApril，1776，——hehadcometoFerney，withproperintroductiontoVoltaire；andhere（aftersevereexcisionoftheflabbyparts，butwithoutotherchange）iscredibleaccountofwhathesawandheard。
InThreeScenes；withthisPrologue，——astoCostume，whichisworthreadingtwice:——
VOLTAIRE’SDRESS。\"OnthetwodaysIsawhim，heworewhiteclothshoes，whitewoollenstockings，redbreeches，withanightgownandwaistcoatofbluelinen，flowered，andlinedwithyellow。Hehadonagrizzlewigwiththreeties，andoveritasilknightcapembroideredwithgoldandsilver。\"
SCENEI。THEENTRANCE—HALLOFFERNEY（Friday，26thApril，1776）:
EXUBERANTSHERLOCKENTERING，LETTEROFINTRODUCTIONHAVINGPRECEDED。
\"Hemetinthehall；hisNephewM。d’Hornoi\"（Grand—nephew；
AbbeMignot，famousforBURYINGVoltaire，andMadameDenis，whomweknow，wereD’Hornoi’sUncleandAunt）——Grand—nephew，\"CounsellorintheParlementofParis，heldhimbythearm。Hesaidtome，withaveryweakvoice:’Youseeaveryoldman，whomakesagreatefforttohavethehonorofseeingyou。WillyoutakeawalkinmyGarden？
Itwillpleaseyou，foritisintheEnglishtaste:——itwasIwhointroducedthattasteintoFrance，anditisbecomeuniversal。
ButtheFrenchparodyyourGardens:theyputyourthirtyacresintothree。’
\"FromhisGardensyouseetheAlps，theLake，theCityofGenevaanditsenvirons，whichareverypleasant。Hesaid:——
VOLTAIRE。\"’Itisabeautifulprospect。’Hepronouncedthesewordstolerablywell。
SHERLOCK。\"’HowlongisitsinceyouwereinEngland？’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Fiftyyears，atleast。’[Notquite；in1728left；in1726hadcome。][Supra，vii。47。]
D’HORNOI。\"’ItwasatthetimewhenyouprintedtheFirstEditionofyourHENRIADE。’
\"WethentalkedofLiterature；andfromthatmomentheforgothisageandinfirmities，andspokewiththewarmthofamanofthirty。
HesaidsomeshockingthingsagainstMosesandagainstShakspeare。
[Likeenough！]……WethentalkedofSpain。
VOLTAIRE。\"’ItisaCountryofwhichweknownomorethanofthemostsavagepartsofAfrica；anditisnotworththetroubleofbeingknown。Ifamanwouldtravelthere，hemustcarryhisbed，&c。OnarrivinginaTown，hemustgointoonestreettobuyabottleofwine；apieceofamule[bywayofbeef]inanother；
hefindsatableinathird，——andhesups。AFrenchNoblemanwaspassingthroughPampeluna:hesentoutforaspit；therewasonlyoneintheTown，andthatwaslentawayforawedding。’
D’HORNOI。\"’There，Monsieur，isaVillagewhichM。deVoltairehasbuilt！’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Yes，wehaveourfreedomshere。Cutoffalittlecorner，andweareoutofFrance。IaskedsomeprivilegesformyChildrenhere，andtheKinghasgrantedmeallthatIasked，andhasdeclaredthisPaysdeGexexemptfromallTaxesoftheFarmers—
General；sothatsalt，whichformerlysoldfortensousapound，nowsellsforfour。Ihavenothingmoretoask，excepttolive。’——
WewentintotheLibrary\"（hadmadetheroundoftheGardens，Isuppose）。
SCENEII。INTHELIBRARY。
VOLTAIRE。\"’Thereyoufindseveralofyourcountrymen[hehadShakspeare，Milton，Congreve，Rochester，Shaftesbury，Bolingbroke，Robertson，Humeandothers]。RobertsonisyourLivy；hisCHARLES
FIFTHiswrittenwithtruth。HumewrotehisHistorytobeapplauded，Rapintoinstruct；andbothobtainedtheirends。’
SHERLOCK。\"’LordBolingbrokeandyouagreedthatwehavenotonegoodTragedy。’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Wedidthinkso。CATOisincomparablywellwritten:
Addisonhadagreatdealoftaste；——buttheabyssbetweentasteandgeniusisimmense！Shakspearehadanamazinggenius，butnotaste:
hehasspoiledthetasteoftheNation。Hehasbeentheirtastefortwohundredyears；andwhatisthetasteofaNationfortwohundredyearswillbesofortwothousand。Thiskindoftastebecomesareligion；thereare，inyourCountry，agreatmanyFanaticsforShakspeare。’
SHERLOCK。\"’WereyoupersonallyacquaintedwithLordBolingbroke？’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Yes。Hisfacewasimposing，andsowashisvoice；
inhisWORKStherearemanyleavesandlittlefruit；
distortedexpressions，andperiodsintolerablylong。[TAKINGDOWNA
BOOK。]There，youseetheKORAN，whichiswellread，atleast。
[Itwasmarkedthroughoutwithbitsofpaper。]ThereareHISTORIC
DOUBTS，byHoraceWalpole[whichhadalsoseveralmarks]；hereistheportraitofRichardIII。；youseehewasahandsomeyouth。’
SHERLOCK（makinganabrupttransition）。\"’YouhavebuiltaChurch？’
VOLTAIRE。\"’True；anditistheonlyoneintheUniverseinhonorofGod[DEOEREXITVOLTAIRE，aswereadabove]:youhaveplentyofChurchesbuilttoSt。Paul，toSt。Genevieve，butnotonetoGod。’\"
EXITSherlock（tohisInn；makesjottingasabove；——istodineatFerneyto—morrow）。
SCENEIII。DINNER—TABLEOFVOLTAIRE。
\"Thenextday，aswesatdowntoDinner，\"ourHostintheaboveshiningcostume，\"hesaid，inEnglishtolerablypronounced:——
VOLTAIRE。\"’Wearehereforlibertyandproperty！[parodyofsomeoldSpeechinParliament，letusguess，——libertyandproperty，myLords！]ThisGentleman——whomletmepresenttoMonsieurSherlock——
isaJesuit[oldPereAdam，whomIkeepforplayingChess，inhisold，unsheltereddays]；hewearshishat:Iamapoorinvalid，——
Iwearmynightcap。’……
\"Idonotnowrecollectwhyhequotedtheseverses，alsoinEnglish，byRochester，onCHARLESSECOND:——
’Hereliesthemutton—eatingKing，Whoneversaidafoolishthing，Noreverdidawiseone。’
ButspeakingofRacine，hequotedthisCouplet（ofRoscomman’sESSAYONTRANSLATEDVERSE）:——
’TheweightybullionofonesterlinglineDrawntoFrenchwirewouldthroughwholepagesshine。
SHERLOCK。\"’TheEnglishpreferCorneilletoRacine。’
VOLTAIRE。\"’ThatisbecausetheEnglisharenotsufficientlyacquaintedwiththeFrenchtonguetofeelthebeautiesofRacine’sstyle，ortheharmonyofhisversification。Corneilleoughttopleasethemmorebecauseheismorestriking；butRacinepleasestheFrenchbecausehehasmoresoftnessandtenderness。’
SHERLOCK。\"’Howdidyoufind[LIKE]theEnglishfare（LACHERE
ANGLAISE？’——whichVoltairemischievouslytakesfor’thedearEnglishwoman’）。
VOLTAIRE。\"’Ifoundherveryfreshandwhite，’——truly！[Itshouldberemembered，thatwhenhemadethispunuponWomenhewasinhiseighty—thirdyear。]
SHERLOCK。\"’Theirlanguage？’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Energetic，preciseandbarbarous；theyaretheonlyNationthatpronouncetheirAasE……[Andsometimeafterwards]
ThoughIcannotperfectlypronounceEnglish，myearissensibleoftheharmonyofyourlanguageandofyourversification。PopeandDrydenhavethemostharmonyinPoetry；AddisoninProse。’
[Takesnowtheinterrogatingside。]
VOLTAIRE。\"’Howhaveyouliked（AVEX—VOUSTROUVE）theFrench？’
SHERLOCK。\"’Amiableandwitty。Ionlyfindonefaultwiththem:
theyimitatetheEnglishtoomuch。’
VOLTAIRE。\"’How！Doyouthinkusworthytobeoriginalsourselves？’
SHERLOCK。\"’Yes，Sir。’
VOLTAIRE。\"’SodoItoo:——butitisofyourGovernmentthatweareenvious。’
SHERLOCK。\"’IhavefoundtheFrenchfreerthanIexpected。’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Yes，astowalking，oreatingwhateverhepleases，orlollinginhiselbow—chair，aFrenchmanisfreeenough；butastotaxes——Ah，Monsieur，youarealuckyNation；youcandowhatyoulike；poorweareborninslavery:wecannotevendieaswewill；
wemusthaveaPriest[can’tgetburiedotherwise；amoftenthinkingofthat！]……Well，iftheEnglishdosellthemselves，itisaproofthattheyareworthsomething:weFrenchdon’tsellourselves，probablybecauseweareworthnothing。’
SHERLOCK。\"’WhatisyouropinionoftheELOISE’[Rousseau’simmortalWork]？
VOLTAIRE。\"’Thatitwillnotbereadtwentyyearshence。’
SHERLOCK。\"’Mademoiselledel’EncloswrotesomegoodLETTERS？’
VOLTAIRE。\"’Sheneverwroteone；theywerebythewretchedCrebillon’[mybeggarlyold\"Rival\"inthePompadourepoch]！……
VOLTAIRE。\"’TheItaliansareaNationofbrokers。ItalyisanOld—
Clothesshop；inwhichtherearemanyOldDressesofexquisitetaste……Butwearestilltoknow，WhetherthesubjectsofthePopeoroftheGrandTurkarethemoreabject。’[WehavenowgonetotheDrawing—room，Ithink，thoughitisnotjotted。]
\"HetalkedofEnglandandofShakspeare；andexplainedtoMadameDenispartofaSceneinHenryFifth，wheretheKingmakeslovetoQueenCatherineinbadFrench；andofanotherinwhichthatQueentakesalessoninEnglishfromherWaiting—woman，andwherethereareseveralverygrossdouble—entendres\"——but，Ihope，didnotlongdwellonthese……
VOLTAIRE。\"’WhenIseeanEnglishmansubtleandfondoflawsuits，I
say，\"ThereisaNorman，whocameinwithWilliamtheConqueror。\"
WhenIseeamangood—naturedandpolite，\"ThatisonewhocamewiththePlantagenets；\"abrutalcharacter，\"ThatisaDane:\"——foryourNation，Monsieur，aswellasyourLanguage，isamedleyofmanyothers。’
\"Afterdinner，passingthroughalittleParlorwheretherewasaheadofLocke，anotheroftheCountessofCoventry，andseveralmore，hetookmebythearmandstoppedme:’DoyouknowthisBust[bustofSirIsaacNewton]？Itisthegreatestgeniusthateverexisted:ifallthegeniusesoftheUniversewereassembled，heshouldleadtheband。’
\"ItwasofNewton，andofhisownWorks，thatM。deVoltairealwaysspokewiththegreatestwarmth。\"[Sherlock，LETTERS（London，1802），i。98—106。]（EXITSherlock，tojotdowntheabove，andthenceintoInfiniteSpace。）
GENERALORFIELDMARSHALCONWAY，DIRECTFROMTHELONDONCIRCLES，ATTENDSONEOFFRIEDRICH’SREVIEWS（August—September，1774）。
NowthatFriedrich’sMilitaryDepartmentisgotcompletelyintotrimagain，whichhereckonstohavebeenabout1770，hisannualReviewsarebecomingveryfamousoverEurope；andintelligentOfficersofallCountriesareeagertobepresent，andinstructthemselvesthere。TheReviewisbeautifulasaSpectacle；butthatisinnosorttheintentionofit。Rigorousbusiness，asinthestrictestofUniversitiesexaminingforDegrees，wouldbenearerthedefinition。Sometimes，whenanewmanoeuvreortacticalinventionofimportanceistobetriedbyexperiment，youwillfindformanymilestheenvironsofPotsdam，whichisusuallythesceneofsuchexperiments，carefullyshutin；sentriesoneveryroad，nounfriendlyeyeadmitted；thethingdoneaswithcloseddoors。Noratanytimecanyouattendwithoutleaveasked；thoughtoForeignOfficers，andpersonsthathavereallybusinessthere，thereappearstobeliberalityenoughingrantingit。Theconcourseofmilitarystrangersseemstokeepincreasingeveryyear，tillFriedrich’sdeath。[Rodenbeck，iii。INLOCIS。]French，moreandmoreinquantity，presentthemselves；multifariousGermannames；
generallyafewEnglishtoo，——Burgoyne（ofSaratogafinally），Cornwallis，DukeofYork，MarshalConway，——ofwhichlastwehavesomethingfarthertosayatpresent。
InSummer，1774，Conway——theMarshalConway，ofwhomWalpoleiscontinuallytalkingasofaconsiderableSoldierandPolitician，thoughhewasnotineithercharacterconsiderable，butwasWalpole’sfriend，andanhonestmodestman——hadmadeuphismind，perhapspartlyondomesticgrounds（forIhavenoticedglimpsesofa\"LadyC。\"muchoutofhumor），tomakeaTourinGermany，andseetheReviews，bothAustrianandPrussian，Prussianespecially。
TwoimmenseLETTERSofhisonthatsubjecthavecomeintomyhands，[KindlypresentedmebyCharlesKnight，Esq。，thewell—knownAuthorandPublisher（whopossessesaCollectionbythesamehand）:
theseTworuntofourteenlargepagesinmyCopy！]andelsewhereincidentallythereisprintedrecordoftheTour；[InKeith（SirRobertMurray），MemoirsandCorrespondence，
ii。21et，seq。]unimportantaspossible，bothTourandLetters，butcapable，ifsqueezedintocompass，ofstillbeingreadwithoutdisadvantagehere。
SirRobertMurrayKeith——thatis，theyoungerExcellencyKeith，nowMinisteratDresden，whomwehavesometimesheardof——accompaniesConwayonthisTour，orfliesalongsideofhim，withfrequentintersectionsattheprincipalpoints；andthereisprintedrecordbySirRobert，butstilllessinterestingthanthisofConway，andperfectlyconformabletoit:——sothat，exceptforsomewordsabouttheLordMarischal，whichshallbegiven，Keithmustremainsilent，whilethediffuseConwaystrivestobecomeintelligible。
Indeed，neitherConwaynorKeithtellustheleastthingthatisnotabundantly，andevenwearisomelyknownfromGermansources；
buttoreadershere，apairofEnglisheyeslookingonthematter（putstraightinplacesbythehelpthereis），maygiveitacertainfreshnessofmeaning。HereareConway’sTwoLetters，withtheninepartsofwatercharitablysqueezedoutofthem，byaskilfulfriendofmineandhis。
CONWAYTOHISBROTHER，MARQUISOFHERTFORD（inLondon）。
\"BERLIN，July17th，1774。
\"DEARBROTHER，——InthehurryIlivein——……LeavingBrunswick，where，inabsenceofmostoftheCourt，whoarevisitingatPotsdam，myoldCommander，\"DukeFerdinand，nowestrangedfromPotsdam，[HadakindofquarrelwithFriedrichin1766（roughtreatmentbyAdjutantvonAnhalt，nottolerabletoaCaptainnowbecomesoeminent），andquietlywithdrew，——stillonspeakingtermswiththeKing，butneverhisOfficermore。]andlivinghereamongworksofArt，andspeculationsonFreeMasonry，\"wasverykindtome，IwenttoCelle，inHanover，topaymyrespectstotheQueenofDenmark[unfortunatedivorcedMatilda，savedbymyfriendKeith，——
innocent，Iwillhope！]……Sheisgrownextremelyfat……
AtMagdeburg，thePrussianFrontieronthisside，oneisnotallowed，withoutapermit，eventowalkontheramparts，——suchthestrictnessofPrussianrule……DrivingthroughPotsdam，onmywaytoBerlin，IwasstoppedbyaservantofthegoodoldLordMarischal，whohadspiedmeasIpassedunderhiswindow。Hecameoutinhisnightgown，andinsisteduponourstayingtodinewithhim——[worthyoldman；awordofhim，werethisLetterdone]。
Weended，onconsultationabouttimesandmovementsoftheKing，bystayingthreedaysatPotsdam，mostlywiththisexcellentoldLord。
\"Onthethirdday[yesterdayevening，infact]，Iwent，byappointment，totheNewPalace，towaitupontheKingofPrussia。
Therewassomedelay:hisMajestyhadgone，intheinterim，toaprivateConcert，whichhewasgivingtothePrincesses[DuchessofBrunswickandotherhighguests[Rodenbeck（INDIE）iii。98。]]；
butthemomenthewastoldIwasthere，hecameoutfromhiscompany，andgavemeamostflatteringgraciousaudienceofmorethanhalfanhour；talkingonagreatvarietyofthings，withaneaseandfreedomtheveryreverseofwhatIhadbeenmadetoexpect……Iasked，andreceivedpermission，tovisittheSilesianCampsnextmonth，hisMajestymostgraciouslytellingmetheparticulardaystheywouldbeginandend[27thAugust—3dSeptember，SchmelwitznearBreslau，aretimeandplace[Ib。iii。101。]]。
ThisconsiderablyderangesmyAustrianmovements，andwillhurrymyreturnoutofthoseparts:butwhocouldresistsuchatemptation！
——IsawtheFoot—Guardsexercise，especiallythesplendid’FirstBattalion；’IcouldhaveconceivednothingsoperfectandsoexactasallIsaw:——sowelldressed，suchmen，andsopunctualinalltheydid。
\"TheNewPalaceatPotsdamisextremelynoble。Notsoperfect，perhaps，inpointoftaste，butbetterthanIhadbeenledtoexpect。TheKingdislikeslivingthere；neverdoes，exceptwhenthereishighCompanyabouthim；forsevenoreightmonthsintheyear，heprefersLittleSans—Souci，andfreedomamonghisintimatesandsomeofhisGenerals……HisMusicstilltakesupagreatshareoftheKing’stime。OnatableinhisCabinetthere，Isaw，I
believe，twentyboxeswithaGermanfluteineach；inhisBed—
chamber，twiceasmanyboxesofSpanishsnuff；and，alikeinCabinetandinBed—chamber，threearm—chairsinarowforthreefavoritedogs，eachwithalittlestoolbywayofstep，thatthegettingupmightbeeasy……
\"TheTownofPotsdamisamostextraordinaryand，initsappearance，beautifulTown；allthestreetsperfectlystraight，allatrightanglestoeachother；andallthehousesbuiltwithhandsome，generallyelegantfronts……Hebuildsforeverybodywhohasabadorasmallhouse，eventhelowestmechanic。HehasdonethesameatBerlin。\"Altogether，hisMajesty’sbuildingoperationsareastonishing。And\"fromwhencedoesthismoneycome，afteralongexpensiveWar？Itisallfairylandandenchantment，\"——MAGNUM
VECTIGALPARSIMONIA，infact！……\"AtBerlinhere，IsawthePorcelainManufactureto—day，whichisgreatlyimproved。Ileavepresently。Adieu，dearBrother；excusemyendlessLetter[sinceyoucannotsqueezethewateroutofit，assomewill！]——
Yoursmostsincerely，\"HENRYSEYMOURCONWAY。\"
KeithisnowMinisteratDresdenforsomeyearsback；andhas，amongothertopics，muchtosayofourbrilliantfriendtheElectressthere:buthisgrandDiplomaticfeatwasatCopenhagen，onasuddensallyoutthither（in1771）:[InKEITH，i。152&c。，nothingofintelligibleNarrativegiven，hardlythedatediscoverable。]thesavingofQueenMatilda，youngestSisterofGeorgeThird，fromaharddoom。UnfortunateQueenMatilda；
oneneverknowshowguilty，orwhetherguiltyatall，butshewasveryunfortunate，pooryoungLady！WhatwithamadHusbandcollapsedbydebaucheriesintostuporofinsanity；whatwithaDoctor，graduallyaPrimeMinister，Struensee，wretchedscarecrowtolookupon，butwiserthanmostDanesabout；andfinally，withalynx—eyedStep—sister，whoseSon，shouldMatildamistake，willinherit，——unfortunateMatildahadfallenintotheawfulesttroubles；gotdivorced，imprisoned，wouldhavelostherheadalongwithscarecrowStruenseehadnotherBrotherGeorgeIII。
emphaticallyintervened，——ExcellencyKeith，withSeventy—foursinthedistance，comingoutverystrongontheoccasion，——andgotherloose。LoosefromDanishaxeandjail，atanyrate；deliveredintosafetyandsolitudeatCelleinHanover，whereshenowis，——andsoonaftersuddenlydiesoffever，soclosingaverysadshorthistory。
ExcellencyKeith，famedintheDiplomaticcircleseversince，isatpresentaheadofConwayontheirjointroadtotheAustrianReviews。BeforegivingConway’sSecondLetter，letushearKeithalittleonhiskinsmantheOldMarischal，whomhesawatBerlinyearsago，andstilloccasionallycorrespondswith，andmentionsinhisCorrespondence。KeithLOQUITUR；dateisDresden，February，1770:——
HASVISITEDTHEOLDMARISCHALATPOTSDAMLATELY……\"MystayofthreedayswithLordMarischal……HeisthemostinnocentofGod’screatures；andhisheartismuchwarmerthanhishead。Theplaceofhisabode，\"Imustsay，\"istheveryTempleofDulness；
andhisFemaleCompanion[apoorTurkfoundling，aperishinginfantflungintohislateBrother’shandsattheFallofOczakow，[Supra，vii。82。]——whomtheMarischalhascarefullybroughtup，andwhorefusestomarryawayfromhim，——ratherstupid，notveryprettybythePortraits；mustnowbetwo—and—thirtygone]isperfectlycalculatedtobethePriestessofit！Yethedawdlesawayhisdayinamannernotunpleasanttohim；andIreallyampersuadedhehasaconsciencethatwouldgildtheinsideofadungeon。Thefeatsofourbare—leggedwarriorsinthelateWar[BERG—SCHOTTEN，amongwhomIwasaColonel]，accompaniedbyaPIBRACH[elegiacbagpipedroningMORESUO]inhisouterroom，haveaneffectontheoldDon，whichwoulddelightyou。\"[Keith，i。129；\"Dresden，25thFebruary，1770:\"
tohisSisterinScotland。]
ANDTHENSEENHIMINBERLIN，ONTHESAMEOCCASION……
\"LordMarischalcametomeetmeatSirAndrew’s[Mitchell’s，inBerlin，thelastyearofthebraveMitchell’slife]，wherewepassedfivedaystogether。Myvisittohiscountryresidence，\"asyoualreadyknow，\"wasofthreedays；andIhadreasontobeconvincedthatitgavetheoldDongreatpleasure。Hetalkedtomewiththegreatestopennessandconfidenceofallthematerialincidentsofhislife；andhintedoftenthatthehonoroftheClanwasnowtobesupportedbyourfamily，forallofwhomhehadthegreatestesteem。Histaste，hisideas，andhismannerofliving，areamixtureofAberdeenshireandtheKingdomofValencia；andasheseekstomakenonewfriends，heseemstoretainastrong，thoughsilent，attachmentforhisoldones。Astohispoliticalprinciples，Ibelievehimthemostsincereofconverts\"toWhiggeryandOrthodoxy……\"SinceIbeganthis，IhavehadamostinimitableLetterfromLordMarischal。IhadmentionedDr。Bailiestohim[notedEnglishDoctoratDresden，bentoninoculatingandthelike]，andbeggedhewouldsendmeastateofhiscaseandinfirmities，thattheDoctormightprescribeforhim。Thisisapartofhisanswer:——
\"’IthankyouforyouradviceofconsultingtheEnglishDoctortorepairmyoldcarcass。Ihavelatelydonesobymyoldcoach，anditisnowalmostasgoodasnew。Please，therefore，totelltheDoctor，thatfromhimIexpectagoodrepair，andshallstatethecase。First，hemustknowthatthemachineistheworseforwear，beingnearlyeightyyearsold。ThereparationIproposeheshallbeginwithis:Onepairofneweyes，onepairofnewears，someimprovementonthememory。Whenthisisdone，weshallasknewlegs，andsomechangeinthestomach。Forthepresent，thisfirstreparationwillbesufficient；andwemustnottroubletheDoctortoomuchatonce。’——YouseebythishoweasyhisLordship’sinfirmitiessituponhim；anditisreallysoashesays。
YourfriendSirAndrewis，Iamafraid，lessgay；butIhavenotheardfromhimthesethreemonths。\"[Keith，i。132，133；\"Dresden，13thMarch，1770:\"tohisFather。]
CONWAYTOKEITH，ONTHELATETHREEDAYSATPOTSDAM。
[Date，\"Dresden，21stJuly，1774:\"inKEITH，ii。15。]\"IstayedthreedaysatPotsdam，withmuchentertainment，forgoodpartofwhichIamobligedtoyourExcellency’soldfriendLordMarischal，whoshowedmeallthekindnessandcivilitypossible。HestoppedmeasIpassed，andnotonlymademedinewithhimthatday，butinamannerlivewithhim。Heisnotatallblind，asyouimagined；
somuchotherwise，thatIsawhimread，withoutspectacles，adifficulthandIcouldnoteasilydecipher……StayedbutadayatBerlin；\"amrushingafteryou:——HereismySecondLetter:——
CONWAY’SSECONDLETTER（tohisBrother，asbefore）。
\"SCHMELWITZ[nearBreslau]HEAD—QUARTERS，August31st，1774。
\"DEARBROTHER……IleftthatCamp[AustrianCamp，andReviewsinHungary，wheretheKaiserandeverybodyhadbeenverygracioustome]withmuchregret。\"PartedregretfullywithKeith；——hadplayed，atPresburg，insightofhimandfourteenotherEnglishmen，agamewiththeChessAutomaton[brand—newmiracle，justout]；[Accountofit，andofthisgame，inKEITHtoo（ii。18；\"View，3dSeptember，1774:\"KeithtohisFather）。]——cameonthroughViennahitherward，asfastaspost—horsescouldcarryus；travellingnightandday，withoutstopping，beingratherbehindtime。\"ArrivedatBreslauneardark，lastnight；whereIlearntthattheCampwastwentymilesoff；thattheKingwasgonethere，andthattheManoeuvreswouldbeginatfourorfivethismorning。Ithereforeorderedmychaiseattwelveatnight，andsetout，indarknessandrain，tobepresentedtotheKingofPrussianextmorningatfive，attheheadofhistroops……WhenIarrived，beforefive，attheplacecalled’Head—quarters，’IfoundmyselfinthemiddleofamiserableVillage[thisSchmelwitzhere]；nocreaturealiveorstirring，norasentinel，oranyMilitaryobjecttobeseen……Assoonasanythingalivewastobefound，weasked，IftheKingwaslodgedinthatVillage？’Yes，’theysaid，’inthatHouse’（pointingtoaclayHovel）。ButGeneralLentulussoonappeared；and——
\"HisMajestyhasbeenverygracious；askedmemanyquestionsaboutmytourtoHungary。IsawalltheTroopspasshimastheyarrivedinCamp。Theymadeaveryfineappearancereally，thoughitrainedhardthewholetimewewereout；andashisMajesty[age62]didnotcloak，wewereallheartilywet。And，whatwasworse，wentfromthefieldtoOrders[givingoutofParole，andthelike]athisQuarters，theretomakeourbow；——wherewestayedinourwetclothesanhourandhalf[towards10A。M。bythistime]……
HowdifferentattheEmperor’s，whenhisImperialMajestyandeverybodywascloaked！[Gotnohurtbythewet，strangetosay。]……Theseareournewstothisday。Andnow，havingsatupfivenightsoutofthelastsix，andbeeninrainanddirtalmostallday，Iwishyousincerelygood—night。——H。S。C。
\"P。S。Breslau，4thSeptember。——……MyPrussianCampaignisfinished，andasmuchtomysatisfactionaspossible。ThebeautyandorderoftheTroops，theirgreatdiscipline，their\"&c。&c。，\"almostpassallbelief……Yesterdaywewereonhorsebackearly，atfouro’clock。Themovementwasconductedwithaspiritandorder，onbothsides，thatwasastonishing，andstruckthemoredelightful（SIC）bythevariety，asinthecourseoftheActiontheEnemy，conductedbyGeneralAnhalt[headallrightasyet]，tookthreedifferentpositionsbeforehisfinalretreat。
\"Themomentitwasover[nineo’clockorso]，hisMajestygotafreshhorse，andsetoutforPotsdam，afterreceivingthecomplimentsofthosepresent，orratherholdingakindofshortLeveeinthefield。Ican’tsayhowmuch，inmyparticular，IamobligedtohisMajestyforhisextraordinaryreception，anddistinctionshownmethroughout。EachdayaftertheManoeuvre，andgivingtheOrdersoftheday，heheldalittleLeveeatthedoor，orinthecourt；atwhich，Icanassureyou，itisnotanexaggerationofvanitytosay，thathenotonlytalkedtome，butliterallytonobodyelseatall。Itwasagooddealeachtime，andassoonasfinishedhemadehisbow，andretired，thoughall，ormost，oftheotherForeignerswerestandingby，aswellashisownGenerals。Healsocalledmeup，andspoketomeseveraltimesonhorseback，whenwewereout，whichheseldomdidtoanybody。
\"ThePrinceRoyalalsoshowedmemuchcivility。Thesecondday，heaskedmetocomeanddrinkadishofteawithhimafterdinner，andkeptmeanhourandhalf。Hetoldme，amongotherthings，thattheKingofPrussiahadahighopinionofme，andthatitcamechieflyfromthefavorablemannerinwhichDukeFerdinandandtheHereditaryPrince[ofBrunswick]hadspokenofme……PrayletHoraceWalpoleknowmyaddress，thatImayhaveallthechanceI
canofhearingfromhim。ButifhecomestoParis，Iforgivehim。——
H。S。C。\"
Friedrich’sReviews，thoughfinetolookupon，orindeedthefinestintheworld，werebynomeansofspectacularnature；butofaltogetherseriousandpractical，almostofsolemnandterrible，tothepartiesinterested。LikethestrictestCollegeExaminationforDegrees，aswesaid；likeaRoyalAssizeorDoomsdayoftheYear；
toMilitarypeople，andovertheupperclassesofBerlinSociety，nothingcouldbemoreserious，MajorKaltenborn，anEx—PrussianOfficer，presumablyofover—talkativehabits，whosoundsonuslikeaverymess—roomofthetimeallgatheredunderonehat，——describesinanalmostawfulmannerthekindofterrorwithwhichallpeopleawaitedtheseAnnualAssizesfortrialofmilitarymerit。
\"Whatasight，\"sayshe，\"andawakeningwhatthoughts，thatofabodyoffrom18，000to20，000soldiers，insolemnsilenceandindeepestreverence，awaitingtheirfatefromoneman！AReview，inFriedrich’stime，wasanimportantmomentforalmostthewholeCountry。Thefortuneofwholefamiliesoftendependedonit:
fromwives，mothers，childrenandfriends，duringthoseterriblethreedays，therearoseferventwishestoHeaven，thatmisfortunemightnot，aswastoofrequentlythecase，befalltheirhusbands，fathers，sonsandfriends，inthecourseofthem。HeretheKing，asitwere，weighedthemeritsofhisOfficers，anddistributed，accordingashefoundthemlightorheavy，praiseorblame，rebukesorfavors；andoften，toooften，punishments，tobefeltthroughlife。Onesingleunhappymoment[especiallyifitwerethelastofalongseriesofsuch！]oftendeprivedthebravestOfficerofhisbread，painfullyearnedinpeaceandwar，andofhisreputationandhonor，atleastintheeyesofmostmen，whojudgeofeverythingonlybyitsissue。Thehigheryouhadrisen，theeasieranddeeperyourfallmightbeatanunluckyReview。TheHeadsandCommandersofregimentswerealwaysindangerofbeingsentabouttheirbusiness（WEGGEJAGT）。\"
Thefactis，IKaltenbornquittedthePrussianService，andtookHessian，——being（presumably）ofexaggerative，over—talkativenature，andstronglygravitatingOppositionway！——KaltenbornadmitsthattheKingdelightedinnothingsomuchastoseepeople’sfacescheerfulabouthim；providedthepriceforitwerenottoohigh。
Hereisanotherpassagefromhim:——
\"Atlatestby9inthemorningtheday’sManoeuvrehadfinished，andeverythingwasalreadyinitsplaceagain。StraightfromthegroundallHeadsofregiments，theMajors—DE—JOUR，allAides—de—
Camp，andfromeverybattaliononeOfficer，proceedtoHead—
quarters。Itwasimpossibletospeakmorebeautifully，orinstructively，thantheKingdidonsuchoccasions，ifhewerenotinbadhumor。ItwasthenaverydelighttohearhimdeliveraMilitaryLecture，asitwere。Heknewexactlywhohadfailed，whatcausedthefault，andhowitmightandshouldhavebeenretrieved。
Hisvoicewassoftandpersuasive（HINREISSEND）；helookedkindly，andappearedratherbentupongivinggoodadvicethancommands。
\"Thus，forinstance，heoncesaidtoGeneralvanLossow，HeadoftheBlackHussars:’Your（SEINE）Attackwouldhavegoneverywell，hadnotyourownsquadronpressedforwardtoomuch（VORGEPRELLT）。
Thebravefellowswantedtoshowmehowtheycanride。Butdon’tI
knowthatwellenough；——andalsothatyou[covetousLossow]alwayschoosethebesthorsesfromthewholeremountforyourownsquadron！Therewas，therefore，noneedatallforthat。Tellyourpeoplenottodosoto—morrow，andyouwillseeitwillgomuchbetter；allwillremaincloserintheirplaces，andtheleftwingbeabletokeepbetterinline，incomingon。’——Anothertime，havingobserved，inacertainFoot—regiment，thatthesoldiersweretoolongingettingouttheircartridges，hesaidtotheCommandant:’Doyouknowthecauseofthis，mydearColonel？
Look，thecartouche，inthecartridge—box，has32holes；intothesethefellowstickshiseightcartridges，withoutcaringhow:andsothepoordevilfumblesandgropesabout，andcannotgetholdofany。Butnow，iftheOfficerswouldlooktoitthatheplacethemallwelltogetherinthemiddleofthecartouche，hewouldnevermakeafalsegrasp，andtheloadingwouldgoasquickagain。
OnlytellyourOfficersthatIhadmadethisobservation，andIamsuretheywillgladlyattendtoit。’\"[Anonymous（Kaltenborn），BriefeeinesaltenPreussischenOfficiers
（Hohenzollern，1790），ii。24—26。]
OfhumaneconsolatoryAnecdotes，inthiskind，ourOppositionKaltenborngivesseveral；oftherhadamanthinedesolatingordestructivekind，thoughsuchalsocouldnotbewanting，ifyourAssizeistobegoodforanything，hegivesusnone。AndsofarasIcanlearn，theeffectivepunishments，dismissalsandthelike，wereoftheduerarityandpropriety；thoughtheflashesofunjustrebuke，fulminantseverity，lightningsfromthegloomofone’sownsorrowsandill—humor，weremuchmorefrequent，butwereseldom——I
donotknowifever——persistedintothelengthofpracticalresult。ThisisaRhadamanthusmuchinterestednottobeunjust，andtodiscriminategoodfrombad！OfZiethentherearetwofamousReviewAnecdotes，omittedandomissiblebyKaltenborn，sowellknownarethey:oneofeachkind。AtacertainReview，yearnotascertainable，——longsince，priortotheSeven—YearsWar，——theKing’shumorwasofthegrimmest，nothingbutfaultsallround；
toZiethenhimself，andtheZiethenHussars，hesaidvarioushardthings，andatlengththishardest:\"Outofmysightwithyou！\"
[MadamedeBlumenthal，LifeofZiethen，i。
265。]UponwhichZiethen——astratumofred—hotkindlinginZiethentoo，aswaseasilypossible——turnstohisHussars，\"Rightabout，RECHTSUM:march！\"andontheinstantdidasbidden。
Disappeared，double—quick；andatthesamehighpace，inahighframeofmind，rattledontoBerlin，hometohisquarters，andtherefirstdrewbridle。\"Turn；forHeaven’ssake，bethinkyou！\"
saidmorethanonefriendwhomhemetontheroad:butitwasofnouse。Everybodysaid，\"Ziethenisruined；\"butZiethenneverheardofthethingmore。
AnecdoteSecondisnotproperlyofaReview，butofanincidentalParadeoftheGuard，atBerlin（25thDecember，1784），bytheKinginperson:Parade，orrathergivingoutoftheParoleafterit，intheKing’sApartments；whichisalwaysakindofMilitaryLeveeaswell；——andwhich，inthisinstance，waslongfamousamongtheBerlinpeople。KingisjustarrivedforCarnivalseason；
oldZiethenwillnotfailtopayhisduty，thoughclimbingofthestairsisheavytoamanof85gone。ThisisMadamBlumenthal’sNarrative（corrected，asitneeds，incertainpoints）:——
\"SATURDAY，25thDECEMBER，1784，Ziethen，inspiteoftheburdenofeighty—sixyears，wenttothePalace，attheendoftheParade，topayhisSovereignthislasttributeofrespect，andtohavethepleasureofseeinghimaftersixmonths’absence。TheParolewasgivenout，theordersimpartedtotheGenerals，andtheKinghadturnedtowardsthePrincesoftheBlood，——whenheperceivedZiethenontheothersideoftheHall，betweenhisSonandhistwoAides—
de—Camp。Surprisedinaveryagreeablemanneratthisunexpectedsight，hebrokeoutintoanexclamationofjoy；anddirectlymakinguptohim，——’What，mygoodoldZiethen，areyouthere！’saidhisMajesty:’HowsorryamIthatyouhavehadthetroubleofwalkingupthestaircase！Ishouldhavecalleduponyoumyself。Howhaveyoubeenoflate？’’Sire，’answeredZiethen，（myhealthisnotamiss，myappetiteisgood；butmystrength！mystrength！’
’Thisaccount，’repliedtheKing，’makesmehappybyhalvesonly:
butyoumustbetired；——Ishallhaveachairforyou。’
[ThingunexampledintheannalsofRoyalty！]Achair，\"onordertoZiethen’sAides—de—Camp，\"wasquicklybrought。Ziethen，however，declaredthathewasnotatallfatigued:theKingmaintainedthathewas。’Sitdown，goodFather（MEINLIEBERALTERPAPAZIETHEN，SETZEERSICHDOCH）！’continuedhisMajesty:’Iwillhaveitso；
otherwiseImustinstantlyleavetheroom；forIcannotallowyoutobeincommodedundermyownroof。’TheoldGeneralobeyed，andFriedrichtheGreatremainedstandingbeforehim，inthemidstofabrilliantcirclethathadthrongedroundthem。Afteraskinghimmanyquestionsrespectinghishearing，hismemoryandthegeneralstateofhishealth，heatlengthtookleaveofhiminthesewords:
’Adieu，mydearZiethen[itwashislastadieu！]——takecarenottocatchcold；nurseyourselfwell，andliveaslongasyoucan，thatImayoftenhavethepleasureofseeingyou。’Afterhavingsaidthis，theKing，insteadofspeakingtotheotherGenerals，andwalkingthroughthesaloons，asusual，retiredabruptly，andshuthimselfupinhiscloset。\"[Blumenthal，ii。341；
Militair—Lexikon，iv。318。ChodowieckihasmadeanEngravingofthisScene；usefultolookatforitsmilitaryPortraits，ifoflittleesteemotherwise。Strangelyenough，bothinBLUMENTHALandinChodowiecki’sENGRAVINGtheyearisgivenas1785
（plainlyimpossible）；Militair—Lexikon
misprintsthemonth；and，onewayorother，onlyRodenbeck（iii。
316）isrightinbothdayandyear。]
FollowingindatethesesmallConwayPhenomena，ifthese，soextraneousandinsignificant，canhaveanyglimmerofmemorabilitytoreaders，aretwootheroccurrences，especiallyoneother，whichcomeinatthispartoftheseries，andgreatlymorerequiretobedisengagedfromthedust—heaps，andpresentedforremembrance。
In1775，theKinghadafitofillness；whichlongoccupiedcertainGazetteersandothers。Thatisthefirstoccurrenceofthetwo，andfarthemoreimportant。Hehimselfsaysofit，inhisHISTORY，allthatisessentialtoushere:——
\"Towardstheendof1775，theKingwasattackedbyseveralstrongconsecutivefitsofgout。VanSwieten，afamousDoctor’sSon，andMinisteroftheImperialCourtatBerlin，tookitintohisheadthatthisgoutwasadeclareddropsy；and，gladtoannouncetohisCourttheapproachingdeathofanenemythathadbeendangeroustoit，boldlyinformedhisKaiserthattheKingwasdrawingtohisend，andwouldnotlastouttheyear。AtthisnewsthesoulofJosephflamesintoenthusiasm；alltheAustriantroopsaregotonmarch，theirRendezvousmarkedinBohemia；andtheKaiserwaits，fullofimpatience，atVienna，tilltheexpectedeventarrives；
readythentopenetrateatonceintoSaxony，andthencetotheFrontiersofBrandenburg，andthereproposetotheKing’sSuccessorthealternativeofeithersurrenderingSilesiastraightwaytotheHouseofAustria，orseeinghimselfoverwhelmedbyAustriantroopsbeforehecouldgethisownassembled。Allthesethings，whichwereopenlydone，gotnoisedabroadeverywhere；anddidnot，asiseasytobelieve，cementthefriendshipoftheTwoCourts。TothePublicthissceneappearedthemoreridiculous，astheKingofPrussia，havingonlyhadacommongoutinlargerdosethancommon，wasalreadywellofitagain，beforetheAustrianArmyhadgottotheirRendezvous。TheKaisermadeallthesetroopsreturntotheiroldquarters；andtheCourtofViennahadnothingbutmockeryforitsimprudentconduct。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，
vi。124。]
Thefirstofthesegout—attacksseemstohavecomeintheendofSeptember，andtohavelastedaboutamonth；afterwhichtheillnessabated，andeverybodythoughtitwasgone。TheKaiser—
JosephevolutionmusthavebeeninOctober，andhavegotitsmockeryinthenextmonths。Friedrich，writingtoVOLTAIRE，October22d，hasthesewords:……\"ApairofcharmingLettersfromFerney；
towhich，hadtheybeenfromthegreatDemiurgushimself，IcouldnothavedictatedAnswer。Goutheldmetiedandgarrotedforfourweeks；——goutinbothfeetandinbothhands；and，suchitsextremeliberality，inbothelbowstoo:atpresentthepainsandthefeverhaveabated，andIfeelonlyaverygreatexhaustion。\"[Ib。xxv。
44。]\"Fourconsecutiveattacks；hopetheyarenowallover；\"butweread，withintheSpringfollowing，thattherehavebeeninalltwelveofthem；andinMay，1776，theNewspaperscounteighteenquasi—consecutive。SothatinrealitytheKing’sstrengthwassadlyreduced；andhishealth，whichdidnotrecoveritsoldaveragetillabout1780，continued，forseveralyearsafterthisbadfit，tobeaconstantthemeofcuriositytotheGazetteerspecies，andamatterofsolicitudetohisfriendsandtohisenemies。
OftheKaiser’simmenseambitiontherecanbenoquestion。Heisstretchinghimselfoutoneveryside；\"seriouslywishing，\"thinksFriedrich，\"thathecould’revivifytheGermanReich，’\"——newBarbarossainimprovedFIXEDform；hownoble！Certainly，toKingFriedrich’ssadconviction，\"theAustrianCourtisaimingtoswallowallmannerofdominionsthatmayfallwithinitsgrasp。\"
WantsBosniaandServiaintheEast；longstoseizecertainVenetianTerritories，whichwoulduniteTriesteandtheMilanesetotheTyrol。IsthrowingouthooksonModena，ontheFerrarese，onthisandonthat。LookingwitheagereyesonBavaria，——thesituationofwhichispeculiar；thepresentKur—Baiernbeingelderly，childless；andhisHeirthelike，whowithalisalreadyKur—Pfalz，andwillunitetheTwoElectoratesunderonehead；
athingwhichAustriaregardswithmarkeddislike。
[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。123。]TheseareanxiousconsiderationstoaKinginFriedrich’ssickstate。Inhisprivatecircle，too，therearesorrows:deathofFouquet，deathofQuintusIcilius，ofSeidlitz，Quantz（goodoldQuantz，withhisfineFlutingsthesefiftyyears，andthestillfinermemoriesheawoke！[Friedrich’sTeacheroftheFlute；procuredforhimbyhisMother（supravi。144）。]），——latterlyanunusualnumberofdeaths。
TheruggedlyintelligentQuintus，adailycompanion，andguestatthesupper—table，diedfewmonthsbeforethisfitofgout；andmusthavebeengreatlymissedbyFriedrich。Fouquet，atBrandenburg，diedlastyear:hisbenefactorintheearlyCustrindistresses，his\"Bayard，\"andchosenfriendeversince；howconspicuouslydeartoFriedrichtothelastisstillevident。AFriedrichgettinglonelyenough，andthelightsofhislifegoingoutaroundhim；——hasbutonesureconsolation，whichcomestohimascompulsionwithal，andisnotneglected，thatofstandingsteadfasttohiswork，whateverthemoodandposturebe。
TheEventof1776isCzarowitshPaul’sarrivalinBerlin，andBetrothaltoasecondWifethere；hisfirsthavingdiedinchildbirthlately。ThefirsthadbeenofFriedrich’schoosing，buthadbehavedill，——seducedbySpanish—FrenchDiplomacies，bythisandthat，pooryoungcreature:——thesecondalsowasofFriedrich’schoosing，andastillnearerconnection:figurewhatatriumphantevent！Eventnowfallendeadtoeveryoneofus；andhardlyadmittingthesmallestNote，——exceptforchronology’ssake，whichitisalwayssatisfactorytokeepclear:——
\"CzarowitshPaul’sfirstWife，theHessen—DarmstadtPrincessofThree，diedofherfirstchildApril26th，1776:everybodywhispered，’ItisnoneofPaul’s！’who，nevertheless，wasinconsolable，thewildheartofhimliketobreakontheoccurrence。Bygoodluck，PrinceHenrihadsetout，byinvitation，onasecondvisittoPetersburg；andarrivedtherealsoonApril26th，[Rodenbeck，iii。139—146。]theverydayofthefatality。
PrinceHenrisoothed，consoledthepoorCzarowitsh；
graduallybroughthimround；agreedwithhisCzarinaMother，thathemusthaveanewWife；anddexterouslyfixedherchoiceona’NieceoftheKing’sandHenri’s。’EldestDaughterofEugenofWurtemberg，ofwhom，asanexcellentGeneral，thoughalsoasasurlyHusband，readershavesomememory；nowlivingwithdrawnatMumpelgard，theWurtembergApanage[Montbeillard，astheFrenchcallit]，inthesepipingtimesofPeace:——sheisthePrincess。
ToKingFriedrich’sgreatsurpriseandjoy。TheMumpelgardPrincipalities，andfortunatePrincess，aresummonedtoBerlin。
CzarowitshPaul，underHenri’sescort，andundergalaandfestivitiesfromtheFrontieronward，arrivedinBerlin21stJuly，1776；wasbetrothedtohisWurtembergPrincessstraightway；
andafteraboutafortnightoffestivitiesstillmoretranscendent，wenthomewithhertoPetersburg；andwastherewedded，18thOctoberfollowing；——CzarandCzarina，sheandhe，twentyyearsafter，andtheirposterityreigningeversince。[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。120—122。]
\"AtVienna，\"saystheKing，\"everybodywaspersuadedtheCzarowitshwouldnevercometoBerlin。PrinceKaunitzhadbeen，\"——beenathisoldtricksagain，playinghissharpest，intheCourtofPetersburgagain:whattricks（aboutPolandandotherwise）letusnotreport，foritisnowinterestingtonobody。OftheCzarowitshVisititselfIwillremarkonly，——whatseemstobeitsonechanceofdatingitselfinanyofourmemories，——thatitfelloutshortlyaftertheSherlockdinnerwithVoltaire（in1776，April27ththeoneevent，July21sttheother）；——andthathereis，bypureaccident，theexuberanterraticSherlock，oncemore，andonceonly，emergingonusforafewmoments！——
EXUBERANTSHERLOCKANDELEVENOTHERENGLISHAREPRESENTEDTO
FRIEDRICHONACOURTOCCASION（8thOctober，1777）；ANDTWO
OFTHEMGETSPOKENTO，ANDSPEAKEACHAWORD。EXCELLENCY
HUGHELLIOTISTHEIRINTRODUCER。
Harris，afterwardsEarlofMalmesbury，succeededMitchellatBerlin；\"Polishtroubles\"（heartilyindifferenttoEngland），\"Dantzigsquabbles\"（miraculouslyimportantthere），——nothingworththeleastmentionnow。ExcellencyHarrisquittedBerlininAutumn，1776；gaveplacetoanExcellencyHughElliot（oneoftheMintoElliots，BrotherofthefirstEarlofMinto，andhimselfconsiderablynotedintheworld），ofwhomwehaveafewwordstosay。
ElliothasbeenheresinceApril，1777；stayssomefiveyearsinthispost；——withnotmuchDiplomaticemployment，Ishouldthink，butwithastyleofgeneralbearingandsocialphysiognomy，which，withsomeprocedurespartlyincidentalaswell，arestillrememberedinBerlin。Somethingofspying，too，doubtlesstherewas；bribingofmenials，openingofLetters:Ibelieveagreatdealofthatwenton；impossibletopreventunderthecarefulestofKings。[AningeniousyoungFriendofmine，connectedwithLegationaryBusiness，foundlately，attheHague，aconsecutiveSeries，completeforfourorfiveyears（Ithink，from1780
onwards），ofFriedrich’sLETTERStohisMINISTERINLONDON，——CopiespunctuallyfilchedastheywentthroughthePost—officethere:——
specimensofwhichIsaw；andthewholeofwhichImighthaveseen，haditbeenworththeeffortnecessary。ButFriedrich’sLondonMinister，inthiscase，wasapersonofnosignificanceorintimacy；andtheKing’sLetters，thoughstrangelyexact，clearandevenelucidativeonEnglishCourt—Politicsandvicissitudes，seemedtobenearlybarrenastoPrussian。]Hitherto，withoneexceptiontobementionedpresently，hismainbusinessseemstohavebeenthatofintroducing，ondifferentCourt—Days，agreatnumberofTravellingEnglish，whowanttoseetheKing，andwhomtheKinglittlewants，butquietlysubmitsto。IncoherentSherlock，whomwediscovertohavebeenofthenumber，has，inhistawdrydisjointedBook，thisPassage:——
\"Thelasttimeofmyseeinghim[thisHero—Kingofmyheart]wasatBerlin[notahintofthetimewhen]。HecamethithertoreceivetheadieusoftheBarondeSwieten，MinisterfromtheirImperialMajesties[thankyou；thatmeans8thOctober，1777[Rodenbeck，iii。
172。]]，andtogiveaudiencetothenewMinister，theCountCobenzl。TheForeignMinisters，thepersonswhoweretobepresented[we，forinstance]，andtheMilitary，wereallthatwereatCourt。WeweretenEnglish[thirteenbytale]:theKingspoketothefirstandthelast；notonaccountoftheirsituation，butbecausetheirnamesstruckhim。ThefirstwasMajorDalrymple。
TohimtheKingsaid:’Youhavebeenpresentedtomebefore？’
’IaskyourMajesty’spardon；itwasmyUncle’（LordDalrymple，ofwhompresently）。Mr。Pitt[unknowntomewhichPitt，subsequentLordCamelfordoranother]wasthelast。THEKING:’AreyouarelationofLordChatham’s？’’Yes，Sire。’——’HeisamanwhomI
highlyesteem’[read\"esteemed\"]。
\"HethenwenttotheForeignMinisters；andtalkedmoretoPrinceDolgorucki，theRussianAmbassador，thantoanyother。InthemidstofhisconversationwiththisPrince，heturnedabruptlytoMr。
Elliot，theEnglishMinister，andasked:’WhatistheDuchessofKingston’sfamilyname？’ThistransitionwaslessPindaricthanitappears；hehadjustbeenspeakingoftheCourtofPetersburg，andthatLadywasthenthere。\"[Sherlock，ii。27。]WhereuponSherlockhopshiswaysagain；leavingusconsiderablyuncertain。But，byacuriousaccident，here，atfirst—hand，isconfirmationoftheflightycreature；——aLetterfromExcellencyElliothimselfhavingcomeourway:——
TOWILLIAMEDEN，ESQUIRE（oftheForeignOffice，London；
Elliot’sBrother—in—law；afterwardsLORDAUCKLAND）。
\"BERLIN，12thOctober，1777。
\"MYDEAREDEN，——IfyouarewaitinguponthepinnacleofallimpatiencetogivemenewsfromtheHowes[outontheirthenfamous\"SeizureofPhiladelphia，\"whichcametowhatweknow！]，Iamwaitingwithnolessimpatiencetoreceiveit，andthinkeveryothersubjecttoolittleinterestingtobementioned。Imust，however，tellyou，theKinghasbeenhere；[\"CametoBerlin8thOctober，\"ontheVan—Swietenerrand；\"sawPrincessAmeliatwice；
andonthe9threturnedtoPotsdam\"（Rodenbeck，iii。172）。]totheastonishmentofallcroakers，heartyandinhighspirits。Hewasveryciviltoallofus。IwasattendedbyonedozenEnglish，whichnearlycompletesmyhalf—hundredthisseason。Pittmadeoneofthetwelve，andwasparticularlydistinguished。
KING:\"Monsieurest—ilparentdeMylordChatham？’PITT:’Oui，Sire。’KING:
’C’estunhommequej’aibeaucoupestime。’
\"YouhavenoideaofthejoythepeopleexpressedtoseetheKingonHorseback，——alltheGrub—streetnonsenseof’aCountrygroaningundertheweightofitsburdens，’of’aNationgovernedwitharodofiron，’vanishedbeforethesincereacclamationsofallranks，whojoinedintestifyingtheirenthusiasmfortheirgreatMonarch。
IlongforHarrisandCompany[ExcellencyHarris；makingforRussia，Ibelieve]；theyaretopigtogetherinmyhouse；sothatI
flattermyselfwithhavinganearview，ifnotataste，ofconnubialjoys。MylovetoEand_e_[yourbig_E_leanorandyourLITTLE，ababyinarms，whoaremySisterandNiece；——pretty，this！]。Yourmostaffectionate，H。E。
\"P。S。Iquiteforgottotellyou，IsentoutaservantsometimeagotoEnglandtobringacoupleofHorses。HewilldeliversomePacketstoyou；whichIbegyouwillsend，withLordMarischal’scompliments，totheirrespectiveAddresses。ThereisalsoachinacupforMr。Macnamara，Lawyer，intheTempleorLincoln’sInn，fromthesameperson[livelyoldgentleman，age91gone；diddienextyear]。WhatdoesEleanormeanaboutmyCongratulatoryLettertoLordSuffolk[ourForeignSecretary，onhismarriagelately]？
IwishedhisLordship，mostsincerely，everyhappinessinhisnewstate，assoonasIknewofit。Ibeg，however，Eleanorwilldothelike；——andalthoughitisnotmysystemto’congratulate’anybodyuponmarriage，yetIneverfailtowishthemwhat，Ithink，itisalwaystwotoonetheydonotobtain。\"[EDEN—HOUSECORRESPONDENCE
（partofwhich，notthis，hasbeenpublishedinlateyears）。]
AstotheDalrympleofSHERLOCK，readthis（FRIEDRICHTO
D’ALEMBERT，twoyearsbefore[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxv。21:5thAugust，1775。]）:……\"AMylordofwonderfulname[LordDalrymple，ifIcouldrememberit]，ofamiablegenius（AUNOMBAROQUE，AL’ESPRITAIMABLE），gavemeaLetteronyourpart。’Ah，howgoesthePrinceofPhilosophers，then？Ishegay；
ishebusy；didyouseehimoften？’TowhichtheMylord:’I？No；
IamstraightfromLondon！’\"——\"QUOIDONC——？\"Inshort，knowingmyAnaxagoras，thisMylordpreferredtobeintroducedbyhim；andwasright:\"OneoftheamiablestEnglishmenIhaveseen；Iexceptonlythename，whichIshallneverremember[butdo，onthisnewoccasion]:Whydoesn’thegethimselfunchristenedofit，andtakethatofStair，whichequallybelongstohim？\"（EarlofStairbyandby；Nephew，orGrand—Nephew，ofthegreatEarlofStair，oncesowellknowntosomeofus。BecomesEnglishMinisterherein1785，ifwemuchcared。）
ThatwordofreminiscenceaboutPittisworthmoreattention。
Notspokenlightly，butwithmeaningandsincerity；
somethingalmostpatheticinit，afterthesixteenyearsseparation:\"AmanwhomImuchesteemed，\"——andhadgoodreasontodoso！Pitt’ssubsequentsadandbrightfortunes，fromtheendoftheSeven—YearsWarandtriumphantsummingupoftheJENKINS’S—EAR
QUESTION，areknowntoreaders。HisBurton—Pynsentmeedofhonor（Estateof3，000poundsayearbequeathedhimbyanagedPatriot，\"LetTHISbitofEnglandgoanobleroad！\"）；hisloftysilences，intheWorldPolitical；hisvehementattemptsinit，whenagainaskedtoattempt，allfutile，——withgreatpaintohim，andgreatdisdainfromhim:——hispassionateimpatiencesonminormatters，\"laborers[ornamentingBurton—PynsentPark，inSomersetshire]plantingtreesbytorchlight；\"\"kitchenpeople[atHayesinNorthKent，Housestilltobeseen]roastingaseriesofchickens，chickenafterchickenallday，thatatanyhour，withintenminutes，myLordmaydine！\"——thesethingsdwellinthememoryofeveryworthyreader。
Here，savedfrommypoorfriendSmelfungus（nobodyknowshowmuchofhimIsuppress），isabriefjotting，intheformofroughMEMORANDA，ifitbepermissible:——
\"PittfouryearsKing；lostinquicksandsafterthat；offtoBath，fromgout，fromsemi—insanity；’Indiashouldpay，buthow？’LostinGeneral—Warrants，inWilkesControversies，AmericanRevolts，——
generally，inshallowquicksands；——diesathispost，buthisposthadbecomeadeliriousone。
\"Adelicate，proud，nobleman；pureasrefinedgold。
Somethingsensitive，almostfeminineinhim；yetwithanedge，afire，asteadiness；likerFriedrich，insomefineprincipalpoints，thananyofhisContemporaries。TheoneKingEnglandhashad，thisKingofFourYears，sincetheConstitutionalsystemsetin。
OliverCromwell，yesindeed，——buthedied，andtherewasnothingforitbuttohanghisbodyonthegallows。DutchWilliam，too，mighthavebeenconsiderable，——buthewasDutch，andtousprovedtobenothing。Thenagain，solongasSarahJenningsheldtheQueen’sMajestyinbondage，somegleamsofKinghoodforusunderMarlborough:——afterwhomNoodleismandSomnambulism，zeroonthebackofzero，andallourAffairs，temporal，spiritualandeternal，jumblingatrandom，whichwecalltheCareerofFreedom，tillPittstretchedouthishanduponthem。Forfouryears；neveragain，he；
neveragainoneresemblinghim，——norindeedcaneverbe。
\"Never，Ishouldthink。Pittsarenotbornoften；thisPitt’sideascouldoccurintheHistoryofMankindonceonly。Strangertheoryofsociety，completelybelievedinbyaclear，sharpandaltogetherhumanhead，incapableoffalsity，wasseldomheardofintheworld。
ForKing:openyourmouth，letthefirstgentlemanthatfallsintoit（amassofHanoverstolidity，stupidity，foreigntoyou，heedlessofyou）beKing:SupremeMajestyhe，withhypotheticaldecorations，dignities，solemnappliances，highasthestars（thewhole，exceptthemoney，amendacity，andsinagainstHeaven）:
himyoudeclareSent—of—God，supremeCaptainofyourEngland；
andhavingdoneso，——tiehimup（accordingtoPitt）withConstitutionalstraps，sothathecannotstirhandorfoot，forfearofaccidents:inwhichstateheisfullycooked；throwmeathisMajesty’sfeet，andletmeblessHeavenforsuchaPillarofCloudbyday。
\"Pitt，closelyasIcouldscrutinize，seemsnevertohavedoubtedinhisnobleheartbuthehadsomereverenceforGeorgeII。
’ReverencedhisOffice，’saysasimplereader？Alas，no，myfriend，mandoesnot’reverenceOffice，’butonlysham—reverencesit。
IdefyhimtoreverenceanythingbutaManfillinganOffice（withorwithoutsalary）nobly。Fillinganobleofficeignobly；doingacelestialtaskinaquietlyinfernalmanner？Itwerekinderperhapstorunyourswordthroughhim（orthroughyourself）thantotaketoreveringhim！Ifinconvenienttoslayhimortoslayyourself（asisoftenestlikely），——keepwelltowindwardofhim；benot，withoutnecessity，partakerofhisadventuresinthisextremelyearnestUniverse！……
\"No；NaturedoesnotproducemanyPitts:——norwillanyPitteveragainapplyinParliamentforacareer。’Yourvoices，yourmostsweetvoices；yemelodioustorrentsofGadarenesSwine，gallopingrapidlydownsteepplaces，I，forone；knowwhitherI’\"