MAPFACINGPAGE527，BOOKXX————————
About9atnight，alltheAustriansarerollingoff，eastward，eastward。Prussiansgoadingthemforwardwhattheycould（firingnotquitedonetill10）；andthatall—importantpommelofthesaddleisindisputablywon。TheAustrianssettledthemselves，inakindofhalf—moonshape，closeonthesuburbsofTorgau；
thePrussiansinaparallelhalf—moonposture，somefurlongsbehindthem。TheAustrianssatbutashorttime；notamomentlongerthanwasindispensable。Daunperceivesthatthekeyofhisgroundisgonefromhim；thathewillhavetosendasecondCouriertoVienna。And，aboveallthings，thathemustforthwithgetacrosstheElbeandaway。LuckyforhimthathehasThreeBridges（orFour，includingtheTownBridge），andthathisBaggageisalreadyallacrossandstandingonwheels。WithexcellentdespatchandorderDaunwindshimselfacross，——allofhimthatisstillcoherent；andindeed，inthedistantpartsoftheBattle—field，wanderingAustrianpartieswereadmonishedhitherwardbytheRiver’svoiceinthegreatdarkness，——andDaun’slossinprisoners，thoughgreat，waslessthancouldhavebeenexpected:8，000inall。
Tilltowardsoneinthemorning，thePrussians，intheirhalf—moon，hadnotlearnedwhathewasdoing。AboutonetheypushedintoTorgau，andacrosstheTownBridge；found26pontoons，——alltherestpackedoffexceptthese26；——anddidnotfollowfarther。
LacyretreatedbytheotherorleftbankoftheRiver，toguardagainstattemptsfromthatside。NextdaytherewaspursuitofLacy；someprisonersandfurnituresgotfromhim，butnothingofmoment:DaunandLacyjoinedatDresden；tookpost，asusual，behindtheirinaccessiblePlauenChasms。Satthere，inviewofthechasingPrussians，withoutfartherlossthanthisofTorgau，andofaCampaigngonetowateragain。Whatanissue，forthethirdtime！
[Tempelhof，iv。291—318，；Archenholtz，ii。159—174；Retzow，ii。299
etseq。；UMSTANDLICHEBESCHREIBUNGDES&C，（inSeyfarth，
Beylagen，ii。823—848）:inHelden—Geschichte，orinAnonymousofHamburg（iv。
245—300），theDaunDESPATCHES，theLists，&c。]——
OnTorgau—field，behindthatfinalPrussianhalf—moon，therereigned，allnight，aconfusionwhichnotonguecanexpress。
Poorwoundedmenbythehundredandthethousand，welteringintheirblood，onthecoldwetground；notsurgeonsornurses，butmercilesspredatorysutlers，equaltomurderifnecessary，waitingonthemandonthehappierthatweredead。\"Unutterable！\"saysArchenholtz；who，thoughwounded，hadcrawledorgotcarriedtosomevillagenear。Thelivingwanderedaboutingloomanduncertainty；luckyhewhosehaversackwasstillhis，andacrustofbreadinit:waterwasapricelessluxury，almostnowherediscoverable。PrussianGeneralsrovedaboutwiththeirStaff—
Officers，seekingtore—formtheirBattalions；tolittlepurpose。
Theyhadgrownindignant，insomeinstances，andwerevociferouslyimperativeandminatory；butintbedarkwhoneededmindthem？——
theywentravingelsewhere，and，forthefirsttime，Prussianword—
of—commandsawitselffutile。Pitchdarkness，bittercold，groundtrampledintomire。OnSiptitzHillthereisnothingthatwillburn:fartherback，intheDomitschWoods，arenumerousfinefires，towhichAustriansandPrussiansalikegather:\"Peaceandtrucebetweenus；to—morrowmorningwewillseewhichareprisoners，whicharecaptors。\"Sopassthewildhours，allheartslongingforthedawn，andwhatdecisionitwillbring。
Friedrich，atElsnig，foundeveryhutfullofwounded，andtheirsurgeries，andmiseriessilentorloud。HehimselftookshelterinthelittleChurch；passedthenightthere。Busyaboutmanythings；
——\"usingthealtar，\"itseems，\"bywayofwriting—table[selforsecretarieskneeling，shallwefancy，onthosenewterms？]，andthestairsofitasseat。\"OfthefinalZiethen—Lestwitzefforthewouldscarcelyhearthemusketryorcannonade，beingsofarawayfromit。Atwhathour，orfromwhomfirst，helearnedthattheBattleofTorgauhadbecomeVictoryinthenight—time，Iknownot:
theAnecdote—Bookssendhimoutinhiscloak，wanderingupanddownbeforedaybreak；standingbythesoldiers’fires；andatlength，amongtheWoods，inthefaintincipiencyofdawn，meetingaShadowwhichprovestobeZiethenhimselfinthebody，withembracesandcongratulations:——evidentlymythical，thoughdramatic。Reachhimthenewssoondid；andsurelynonecouldbewelcomer。
Head—quarterschangefromthealtar—stepsinElsnigChurchtosecularroomsinTorgau。ZiethenhasalreadyspedforthontheskirtsofLacy；wholeArmyfollowsnextday；and，ontheWar—
theatreitis，onthesudden，atotalchangeofscene。
Conceivabletoreaderswithoutthedetails。
HopestherewereofgettingbackDresdenitself；butthat，oncloserview，provedunattemptable。DaunkepthisPlauenChasm，hisfewsquaremilesofgroundbeyond；therestofSaxonywasFriedrich’s，asheretofore。LoudonhadtriedhardonKoselforaweek；stormingonce，andasecondtime，veryfiercely，Goltzbeingnownear；butcouldmakenothingofit；and，onwindofGoltz，wenthisway。[HOFBERICHTVONDERBELAGERUNGVONKOSEL，IMOCTOBER1760
（Seyfarth，Beylagen，ii。798—804）:began\"October21st；\"ended\"atdaybreak，October27th。\"]TheRussians，onsoundofTorgau，shoulderedarms，andmadeforPoland。Daun，forhisownshare，wenttoViennathisWinter；inneedofsurgery，andotherthings。ThepopulationthereisratherdisposedtobegrumblyonitsonceheroicFabius；wishestheFabiuswerealittlelesscunctatory。ButImperialMajestyherself，oneisproudtorelate，droveout，inOldRomanspirit，somemiles，tomeethim，herdefeatedever—honoredDaun，andtoinquiregraciouslyabouthishealth，whichissoimportanttotheState。[Archenholtz，ii。179。]
TorgauwasDaun’slastBattle:Daun’slastbattle；and，whatismoretothejoyofreadersandtheirEditorhere，wasFriedrich’slast，——sothattheremainingTwoCampaignsmayfairlybecondensedtoanextremedegree；andafewChaptersmorewilldeliverusaltogetherfromthispainfulelement！——
DaunlostatTorgau，byhisownaccount，\"about11，000men，\"——
shouldhavesaid，accordingtoTempelhof，andeventoneutralpersons，\"above12，000killedandwounded，PLUS8，000prisoners，45cannon，29flags，1standard（orhorse—flag），\"[Tempelhof，iv。
213；Kausler，p。726。]whichbringshimtoatleast20，000minus；——
thePrussianloss，heavyenoughtoo，being，byTempelhof’sadmission，\"between13and14，000，ofwhom4，000prisoners。\"
Thesoreloss，notsocomputableinarithmetic，——butlesssoretoDaun，perhaps，thantomostpeople，——isthatofbeingbeaten，andhavingone’sCampaignreducedtowateragain。NoConquestofSaxony，anymorethanofSilesia，possibletoDaun，thisYear。
InSilesia，thankstoLoudon，smallthankstoLoudon’sChief，theyhavegotGlatz:Koseltheycouldnotget；fieryLoudonhimselfstormedandblazedtonopurposethere，andhadtohurryhomeonsightofGoltzandrelief。Glatzisthenetsum—total。Daunknowsallthis；butinastoicalarithmeticalmanner，andrefusestobeflurriedbyit。
Friedrich，aswesaid，hadhopedsomethingmightbedoneinSaxonyonthedefeatedDaun；——perhapsDresdenitselfbegotbackfromhim，andhisArmyaltogethersenttowinterinBohemiaagain？Butitprovedotherwise。DaunshowednottheleastdispositiontoquithisPlauenChasm，orfallintodiscouragement:andaftersomeweeksofdiligenttrial，onFriedrich’spart，andmuchrunningaboutinthosecentralandHill—wardparts，FriedrichfoundhewouldhavetobecontentwithhisformerallotmentofSaxonterritory，andtoleavetheAustriansquietintheirs。Tookwinter—quartersaccordingly，andlettheEnemytake。Cantonedhimself，inthatMeissen—FreybergCountry，infrontoftheAustriansandtheirimpassablePlauensandChasms:——prettymuchasinthepastYear，onlythattheTwoArmieslayatagreaterdistance，andweremorepeaceable，asifbymutualconsent。
Head—quarteroftheKingisLeipzig；wheretheKingdidnotarrivetillDecember8th，——suchadjustingandarranginghashehad，andincessantrunningtoandfro。Helivedinthe\"ApelHouse，NEW
Neumarkt，No。16；\"[Rodenbeck，ii。65。]thesamehehadoccupiedin1757，intheRossbachtime。\"ACH！howleanyourMajestyhasgrown！\"
saidtheMistressofit，atsightofhimagain（mythically，I
shouldfancy，thoughitisintheAnecdote—Books）。\"Lean，JAWOHL，\"
answeredhe:\"andwhatwonder，withThreeWomen[Theresa，Czarina，Pompadour]hangingonthethroatofmeallthiswhile！\"Butweproposetolookinuponhimourselves，inthisApelHouse，onmoreauthenticterms，byandby。Read，meanwhile，theseTwobitsofAutograph，thrownoffincidentally，atdifferentplaces，inthepreviousbusyjourneyingsoverMeissen—Freybergcountry:——
1。FRIEDRICHTOMARQUISD’ARGENS（atBerlin）。
\"MEISSEN，10thNovember，1760……\"IdrovetheenemytotheGatesofDresden；theyoccupytheirCampoflastYear；allmyskillisnotenoughtodislodgethem，\"——
[ChasmofPlauen，\"aplaceimpregnable，wereitgarrisonedbychimney—sweeps，\"saystheKingonce]。\"WehavesavedourreputationbytheDayofTorgau:butdon’timagineourenemiesaresodisheartenedastodesirePeace。DukeFerdinand’saffairsarenotinagoodway[missedWesel，ofwhichpresently；——and，alasalso，GeorgeII。died，thisdaygoneafortnight，whichisfarworseforus，ifweknewit！]——IfeartheFrenchwillpreservethroughWintertheadvantagestheygainedduringtheCampaign。
\"Inaword，Iseeallblack，asifIwereatthebottomofatomb。
HavesomecompassiononthesituationIamin；conceivethatI
disguisenothingfromyou，andyetthatIdonotdetailtoyouallmyembarrassments，myapprehensionsandtroubles。Adieu，dearMarquis；writetomesometimes，——don’tforgetapoordevil，whocursestentimesadayhisfatalexistence，andcouldwishhealreadywereinthoseSilentCountriesfromwhichnobodyreturnswithnews。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xix。
204，205。]
2。TheSecond，ofdifferentcomplexion，isastillmoreinterestinglittleAutograph，dateelsewhere，fartheron，inthosewanderings。
MadamCamas，WidowoftheColonelCamaswhomweknewtwentyyearsago，is\"Queen’sOBER—HOFMEISTERINN（LadyinChief），\"——towhomtheKing’sLettersarealwayspretty:——
FREIDRICHTOMADAMCAMAS（atMagdeburg，withtheQueen’sMajesty。
\"NEUSTADT，18thNovember，1760。
\"Iamexactinanswering，andeagertosatisfyyou[inthatmatteroftheporcelain:youshallhaveabreakfast—set，mygoodMamma；
sixcoffee—cups，verypretty，welldiapered，andtrickedoutwithallthelittleembellishmentswhichincreasetheirvalue。
Onaccountofsomepieceswhichtheyareaddingtotheset，youwillhavetowaitafewdays；butIflattermyselfthisdelaywillcontributetoyoursatisfaction，andproduceforyouatoythatwillgiveyoupleasure，andmakeyourememberyouroldAdorer。
Itiscurioushowoldpeople’shabitsagree。ForfouryearspastI
havegivenupsuppers，asincompatiblewiththeTradeIamobligedtofollow；andinmarchingdays，mydinnerconsistsofacupofchocolate。
\"Wehurriedoff，likefools，quiteinflatedwithourVictory，totryifwecouldnotchasetheAustriansoutofDresden:theymadeamockeryofusfromthetopsoftheirmountains。SoIhavewithdrawn，likeabadlittleboy，toconcealmyself，outofspite，inoneofthewretchedestvillagesinSaxony。AndherethefirstthingwillbetodrivetheCirclegentlemen，[ReichsArmy]outofFreybergintoChemnitz，andgetourselvesroomtoquarterandsomethingtoliveupon。Itis，Isweartoyou，adogofalife[orevenashe—dog，CHIENNEDEVIE]，thelikeofwhichnobodybutDonQuixoteeverledbeforeme。Allthistumblingandtoiling，andbotherandconfusionthatneverceases，hasmademesoold，thatyouwouldscarcelyknowmeagain。Ontherightsideofmyheadthehairisallgray；myteethbreakandfallout；Ihavegotmyfacewrinkledlikethefalbalasofapetticoat；mybackbentlikeafiddle—bow；andspiritsadanddowncastlikeamonkofLaTrappe。
Iforewarnyouofallthis，lest，incaseweshouldmeetagaininfleshandbone，youmightfeelyourselftooviolentlyshockedbymyappearance。Thereremainstomenothingbuttheheart，——whichhasundergonenochange，andwhichwillpreserve，solongasIbreathe，itsfeelingsofesteemandoftenderfriendshipformygoodMamma。
Adieu。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，XVIII。144。]——
TowhichaddonlythisonDukeFerdinand，\"whoseaffairs，\"wejustheard，\"arenotinagoodway:\"——
FIGHTOFKLOSTERKAMPEN（NightofOctober15th—16th）；
WESELNOTTOBEHADBYDUKEFERDINAND。
AfterWARBURG（July31st，whileFriedrichwasontheeveofcrossingElbeonnewadventures，DresdenSiegehavingfailedhim），DukeFerdinandmadenofiguretotheGazetteers；foughtnoBattlefarther；andhashadaCampaign，whichishonorableonlytojudgesofahigherthantheGazetteersort。
ByWarburgFerdinandhadgottheDiemel；onthenorthbankofwhichhespreadhimselfout，impassabletoBroglio，wholaytryingontheoppositebank:——\"NoHanoverbythisroad。\"Brogliothereupondrewbackalittle；pushedoutcircuitouslyfromhisrightwing，whichreachesfareastwardofFerdinand，aconsiderableBrigade，——
circuitously，roundbytheWeser—FuldaCountry，andbeyondtheembouchureofDiemel，——totryitbythatmethod。GotactuallyafewmilesintoHanoverianterritory，bythatmethod；laidholdofGottingen，alsoofMunden，whichsecuresaroadthither:andatGottingenthere，\"eversinceAugust4th，\"Brogliohasbeenthrowingupworks，andshootingouthussar—partiestoagooddistance；
intending，itwouldseem，tomaintainhimself，andtobemischievous，inthatpost。Would，infact，fainenticeFerdinandacrosstheWeser，tohelpGottingen。\"AcrossWeser，yes；——andsoleaveBrogliofreetotakeLippstadtfromme，ashemightafterashortsiege，\"thinksFerdinandalways；\"whichwouldbeautifullyshortenBroglio’scommunication[quitedirectthen，andwithoutinterruption，allthewaytoWesel]，andmakeHanoveritself，HanoverandBrunswick，thecentralSeatofWar！\"WhichFerdinand，grievedasheisforGottingen，willbynomeansconsentto。
Ferdinand，strongonlyasonetotwo，cannothinderBroglio，thoughhetriesvariously；andismuchataloss，seeingBroglioirrepressiblybusythisway，allthroughAugustandonintoSeptember；——hasheard，however，fromWesel，throughsecretpartisansthere，thatWesel，consideredaltogetheroutofrisk，isleftinaveryweakcondition；weakingarrison，weakeveningunners。Reflectinguponwhich，inhisdifficulties，Ferdinandaskshimself，\"AsuddenstrokeatWesel，200milesaway，mightitnotastonishBroglio，whoissobusyonusjusthere？\"——and，September22d，despatchestheHereditaryPrinceonthaterrand。Amanlikelyforit，iftherebeoneintheworld:——unabletodoit，however，astheissuetold。HereiswhatIfindnoted。
\"SEPTEMBER22d，theErbprinz，withachosenCorpsof15，000，mostlyEnglish，lefttheseDiemelregionstowardsWesel，athisspeediest。
September29th，Erbprinzandvanguard，Corpsrapidlyfollowing，aregottoDorsten，within20milesofWesel。AmostswiftErbprinz；
likelyforsuchwork。Anditisthoughtbyjudges，Hadhehadeithersiege—artilleryorscalingapparatus，hemightreallyhaveattackedWeselwithgoodchanceuponit。Buthehasnotevenaladderready，muchlessasiege—gun。Siege—gunsareatBielefeld[comefromBremen，Isuppose，byEnglishboating，uptheWesersofar]；butthatissixscoremilesofwheel—carriage；roadsbad，andthreateningtobeworse，asitisequinoctialweather。Thereisnothingforitbuttowaitforthoseguns。
\"TheErbprinz，hopefullywaiting，doeshisendeavorintheinterim；
throwsabridgeovertheRhine，pouncesuponClevegarrison（prisoners，withtheirfurnitures），pouncesuponthisandthat；
’spreadsterror’ontheFrenchthereabouts’uptoDusseldorfandKoln，——andonBrogliohimself，sofaroff，thedueastonishment。
’Weseltobesnatched，——yeHeavens！OurNetherlandsroadcutoff:
Dusseldorf，Koln，ourRhineMagazines，allandsundry，fallentothehawks，——who，thelighter—wingedofthem，mightpayvisitsinFranceitself！’BrogliohastosuspendhisGottingenoperations，anddetachMarquisdeCastrieswith（sayultimately，forCastriesistogrowandgatherbytheroad）35，000，torelieveWesel。
Castriesmarchesdouble—quick；weatherveryrainy；——arrivesinthosepartsOCTOBER13th；——hardlyagunfromBielefeldcometohandyet，Erbprinzmerelyfillingmenwithterror。Andso，\"OCTOBER14th，aftertwoweeksandaday，theHereditaryPrincesees，notgunsfromBielefeld，butCastriespushingintoWesela7，000ofadditionalgarrison，——andtheEnterpriseonWeselgrownimpossible。Impossible，andprobablyfarmore；Castriesinaconditiontodevourus，ifheprovesharp。ItbehoovestheHereditaryPrincetobehimselfsharp；——whichheundoubtedlywas，inthissharpcrisis。Nextday，ourErbprinz，takingsurveyofCastriesinhisstronggroundofKlosterKampen，decides，likeagallantfellow，toattackHIM；——andstraightwaydoesit。
Breaks，thatsamenight（October15th—16th，1760），stealthily，throughwoodsandwithprecautions，intoCastries’sPost；——
intendingsurprisal，andmereruintoCastries。Andthereensued，nottheSURPRISALasitturnedout，buttheBATTLEOFKLOSTER
KAMPEN；whichagainprovedunsuccessful，oronlyhalf—successful，totheHereditaryPrince。Amany—winged，intricateNight—Battle；
tobereadofinBooks。ThisiswheretheChevalierd’Assas，heorSomebody，gavethealarmtotheCastriespeopleattheexpenseofhislife。’AMOI，AUVERGNE，Ho，Auvergne！’shoutedD’Assas（ifitwasD’Assasatall），whenthestealthyEnglishcameuponhim；
whowasatoncecutdown。[Preuss（ii。270n。）assertsittobeproved，in\"MiscellenausdenneuestenauslandischenLitteratur（1824，No。3，p。409），\"aBookwhichnoneofuseversaw，\"Thattherealhero[equaltoaRomanDeciusormore]wasnotCaptaind’Assas，oftheRegimentAuvergne，butapoorPrivateSoldierofit，calledDubois\"！——Isnotthisastrangeturn，aftersuchbe—PENSIONING，be—painting，singingandcelebrating，asroseuponpoorD’Assas，ortheFamilyofD’Assas，twentyyearsafterwards（1777—1790）！——BothDuboisandD’Assas，Iconclude，layamongtheslainatKlosterKampen，silenttheyforever:——andapainfuldoubtdoesrise，AstothemiraculousoperationofPosthumousRumorandWonder；andWhethertherewasany\"miracleofheroism，\"orothermiracleatall，andnotratherapoornocturnalaccident，——poorsentryintheedgeofthewood，shriekingout，onapparitionofthestealthyEnglish，\"Ho，Auvergne，help！\"probablyfiringwithal；andgettingkilledinconsequence？NONNOSTRUMEST。]
Itiscertain，Auvergnegavefire；awokeCastriesbodily；andsavedhimfromwhatwasotherwiseinevitable。Surprisenowtherewasnonefarther；butacomplexFight，managedinthedarknesswithuncommonobstinacy；endinginwithdrawaloftheErbprinz，asfromathingthatcouldnotbedone。Hislossinkilled，woundedandprisoners，was1，638；thatofCastries，byhisowncounting，2，036:
butKlosterKampen，inthewide—awakestate，couldnotbewon。
\"DuringtheFight，theErbprinz’sRhine—Bridgehadburstintwo:
hisammunitionwasrunningshort；——and，itwouldseem，thereisnoretreat，either！TheErbprinzputaboldfaceonthematter，stoodtoCastriesinathreateningattitude；mamoeuvredskilfullyfortwodayslonger，facestilltoCastries，tilltheBridgewasgotmended；then，nightofOctober18th—19th，crossedtohisownside；
gathereduphisgoods；andatadeliberatepacemarchedhome，onthoseterms；——doingsomeusefulfightingbytheroad。\"
[Mauvillon，ii。120—129:Tempelhof，ii。325—332。]
Hadlostnothing，sayhisadmirers，\"butonecannon，whichburst。\"
OneburstcannonleftonthefieldofKlosterKampen；——butalso，aswesee，hiserrandalongwithit；and1，600goodfighterslostaudburst:whichwasmoreimportant！CriticismstherewereonitinEngland，perhapsoftheunwisesortgenerally；sorrowinthehighestquarter。\"Anunaccountableexpedition，\"Walpolecallsit，\"onwhichPrinceFerdinandsuddenlydespatchedhisNephew，attheheadofaconsiderableforce，towardsthefrontiersofHolland，\"——
merelytoseethecountrythere？——\"whichoccasionedmuchsolicitudeinEngland，astheMainArmy，alreadyunequaltothatofFrance，wasthusrenderedmuchweaker。KingGeorgefeltitwithmuchanxiety。\"[Walpole’sGeorgeSecond，iii。
299。]AnunaccountableEnterprise，mypoorGazetteerfriends，——
veryevidentlyanunsuccessfulone，sofarasWeselwent。
ManyEnglishfalleninit，too:\"theEnglishshowedhereagainaGANZAUSNEHMENDETAPFERKEIT，\"saysMauvillon；andprobablytheirshareofthelosswasproportionate。
ClearlyenoughthereisnoWeseltobehad。NeithercouldBroglio，thoughdisturbedinhisGottingenfortifyingsandoperations，beejectedoutofGottingen。Ferdinand，onfailureofWesel，himselfmarchedtoGottingen，andtriedforsomedays；butfoundhecouldnot，insuchweather，tearoutthatfirmlyrootedFrenchPost，butmustbecontentto\"maskit，\"forthepresent；and，thisdone，withdrew（December13th）tohiswinter—quartersnearby，asdidBrogliotohis，——aboutthetimeFriedrichandDaunhadfinallysettledintheirs。
Ferdinand’sCampaignshenceforth，whichturnallonthedefenceofHanover，arehighlyrecommendedtoprofessionalreaders；buttothelaicsortdonotproveinterestinginproportiontothetrouble。
Infact，thehugeWarhenceforthbeginseverywhere，oreverywhereexceptinPitt’sdepartmentofit，toburnlower，likealampwiththeoilgettingdone；andhaslessofbrilliancythanformerly。
\"LetustryforHanover，\"theBelleisles，ChoiseulsandwiseFrenchheadshadsaidtothemselves:\"Canada，India，everythingislost；
butweredearHanoverwellinourclutch，Hanoverwouldbearemedyformanythings！\"ThroughtheremainingCampaigns，asinthisnowdone，thatistheirfixedplan。Ferdinand，byunweariedeffort，succeededindefendingHanover，——nothingofitbutthatinconsiderablesliceorskirtroundGottingen，whichtheykeptlong，couldeverbegotbytheFrench。FerdinanddefendedHanover；
andworeoutannuallythebigFrenchArmieswhichweremissionedthither，asinthespasmofanexpiringlasteffortbythispoorhag—riddenFrance，——atanexpensetoher，say，of50，000menperyear。WhichwasgoodserviceonFerdinand’spart；butdonelessandlessintheshiningoruniversallynotableway。
Sothatwithhimtoowearehenceforth，thankHeaven，permittedandevenboundtobebrief。HardlyabovetwoBattlesmorefromhim，ifeventwo:——andmostlytheweariedReader’simaginationlefttoconceiveforitselfthoseintricatestrategies，andendlessmanoeuvringsontheDiemelandtheDill，ontheOhmRiverandtheSchwalmandtheLippe，orwherevertheymaybe，withsmallhelpfromaweariedEditor！——
ChapterVI。
WINTER—QUARTERS1760—1761。
Amelancholylittleevent，whichafterwardsprovedunexpectedlyunfortunateforFriedrich，hadhappenedinEnglandtendaysbeforetheBattleofTorgau。Saturday，25thOctober，1760，GeorgeII。，pooroldgentleman，suddenlydied。Hewasinhis77thyear；
feeble，butnotfeeblerthanusual，——unless，perhaps，theunaccountablenewsfromKlosterKampenmayhavebeentooagitatingtothedimoldmind？OntheMondayofthisweekhehad，\"fromatentinHydePark，\"presidedataReviewofDragoons；andonThursday，ashisColdstreamGuardswereonmarchforPortsmouthandforeignservice，\"wasinhisPorticoatKensingtontoseethempass；\"——fullofzealalwaysinregardtomilitarymatters，andtothisWarinparticular。Saturday，bysunrisehewasonfoot；
tookhiscupofchocolate；inquiredaboutthewind，andthechancesofmailsarriving；openedhiswindow，saidhewouldhaveaturnintheGardens，themorningbeingsofine。Itwasnowbetween7and8。
Thevaletthenwithdrewwiththechocolateapparatus；buthadhardlyshutthedoor，whenheheardadeepsigh，andfallofsomething，——\"billetofwoodfromthefire？\"thoughthe；——uponwhich，hurryingback，hefounditwastheKing，whohaddroptfromhisseat，\"asifinattemptingtoringthebell。\"Kingsaidfaintly，\"CallAmelia，\"andinstantlydied。PoordeafAmelia（Friedrich’soldlove，nowgrownoldanddeaf）listenedwildlyforsomefaintsoundfromthoselipsnowmuteforever。GeorgeSecondwasnomore；hisgrandsonGeorgeThirdwasnowKing。
[OldNewspapers（inGentleman’sMagazine，
xxx。486—488）。]
Intrinsicallytaken，thisseemednoverygreateventforFriedrich，forPitt，forEnglandormankind:butitprovedotherwise。
ThemeritofthispoorKingdeceased，whohadledhisNationstumblingamongthechimney—potsatsucharateinthesemadGermanWarsforTwentyYearspast，was，ThathedidnowstandloyaltotheEnterprise，nowwhenithadbecomesaneindeed；nowwhentheNationwasbroadawake，andaCaptainhadrisentoguideitoutofthatperilousposture，intonever—expectedvictoryandtriumph！PooroldGeorgehadstoodbyhisPitt，byhisFerdinand，withaperfectloyaltyatallturns；andbeendevoted，heartandsoulandbreeches—pocket，tocompletelybeatingBourbon’soppressiveideasoutofBourbon’shead。Alittlefact，buthowimportant，thenandthere！UndertheSuccessor，allthismaybedifferent:——ghastlybeings，OldTutors，Favorites，Mother’s—Favorites，flit，asyetinvisible，onthenewbackstairs:——shouldButeandCompanygetintotheforeground，peoplewillthenknowhowimportantitwas。
Walpolesays:——
\"TheYorkes[Ex—ChancellorHardwickepeople]hadlongdistastedthisWar:\"yes，andbeenpainfullyobligedtoholdtheirtongues:
\"butnow，\"withinamonthorsooftheoldKing’sdeath，\"therewaspublished，underLordHardwicke’scountenance，aTractsettingforththeburdenandillpolicyofourGermanmeasures。ItwascalledCONSIDERATIONSONTHEGERMANWAR；wasablywritten，andchangedmanymen’sminds。\"Thisisthefamous\"MauduitPamphlet:\"
firstofthosesmallstones，fromtheslingofOppositionnotobligedtobedormant，whicharenowbeginningtorattleonPitt’sOlympianDwelling—place，——highreallyasOlympus，incomparisonwithothersofthekind，butwhichunluckilyismadeofGLASSliketherestofthem！Theslingerofthisfirstresoundinglittlemissile，Walpoleinformsus，was\"oneMauduit，formerlyaDissentingTeacher，\"——sonofaDissentingMinisterinBermondsey，I
hear，andperhapshimselfonceaPreacher，butatpresentconcernedwithFactorageofWoolonthegreatscale；gotsoonafterwardspromotedtobeHeadoftheCustom—houseinSouthampton，solovelydidheseemtoButeandCompany。\"HowagreeablehispoliticsweretotheinterioroftheCourt，soonappearedbyaplace[SouthamptonCustom—house]beingbestowedonhimbyLordBute。\"AfortunateMauduit，yetastupidlytragical；hadsuchadestinyinEnglishHistory！HearWalpolealittlefarther，onMauduit，andonotherthingsthenresonanttoArlingtonStreetinawayoftheirown。
\"TOSIRHORACEMANN[atFlorence]:——
\"NOVEMBER14th，1760[tenthnightafterTorgau]……WeareallingunsandbonfiresforanunexpectedvictoryoftheKingofPrussiaoverDaun；butasnoparticularsareyetarrived，therearedoubters。\"
\"DECEMBER5th，1760。Ihavereceivedthesamplesofbrocadella……
IshallsendyouacuriousPamphlet，theonlyworkIalmosteverknewthatchangedtheopinionsofmany。ItiscalledCONSIDERATIONS
ONTHEPRESENTGERMANWAR，[\"London:PrintedforJohnWilkie，attheBible，inSt。Paul’sChurchyard，1761，\"addsmypoorCopy（afrugal12mo，ofpp。144），notaddingofwhatedition。]andiswrittenbyawholesaleWoollen—Draper[connectedwithWool，insomeway；\"FactoratBlackwellHall，\"ifthatmeanDraper:——andagrowingmaneverafter；cametobe\"AgentforMassachusetts，\"ontheBoston—TEAoccasion，andagaindidTracts；was\"Presidentofthe\"——inshort，wasaconspicuousVice—President，soletusdefinehim，ofThegeneralAnti—PenaltyorLife—made—SoftAssociation，withCauseofcivilandreligiousLibertyallovertheWorld，andsuchlike；andaMauduitcomfortablyresonantinthatwaytillhedied[Chalmers，BIOG。DICTIONARY；Nichols，LITERARYANECDOTES；
&c。&c。]；butthematerialsaresupposedtobefurnishedbythefactionoftheYorkes。TheconfirmationoftheKingofPrussia’svictorynearTorgaudoesnotpreventthedisciplesofthePamphletfromthinkingthatthebestthingwhichcouldhappenforuswouldbetohavethatMonarch’sheadshotoff。[Hear，hear！]——
\"ThereareLettersfromtheHague[whatfoolishLettersdoflyabout，myfriend！]，thatsayDaunisdeadofhiswounds。Ifheis，IshallbegintobelievethattheKingofPrussiawillendsuccessfullyatlast。[Oh！]IthasbeenthefashiontocrydownDaun；but，asmuchastheKingofPrussiamayadmirehimself[doesimmensely，accordingtoourSelwyninformations]，IdaresayhewouldhavebeengladtobematchedwithonemuchmorelikehimselfthanonesooppositeastheMarshal。\"
\"JANUARY2d，i761。TheGermanWarisnotsopopularasyouimagine，eitherintheClosetorintheNation。\"[Walpole，LetterstoSirHoraceMann（Lond。1843），i。6，7。]
（Enough，enough。）
TheMauduitPamphlet，whichthenproducedsuchaneffect，isstilltobemetinoldCollectionsandonBookstalls；butproduceslittlesavewearinesstoamodernreader。\"Hanovernotinrealdanger，\"
argueshe；\"iftheFrenchhadit，wouldnotthey，allEuropeorderingthem，havetogiveitupagain？\"Giveitup，——GRATIS，orinreturnforCanadaandPondicherry，Mauduit’sdoesnotsay。
Whichisanimportantomission！ButMauduit’sgrandargumentisthatofexpense；frightfuloutlayofmoney，aggravatedbydittomismanagementofsame。
AWarhighlyexpensive，hesays——（andthetruthis，Pittwasneverstingyofmoney:\"Nearlytheonethingwehaveinanyplenty；
befrankinuseofthat，inanEnterprisesoill—providedotherwise，andinvolvinglifeanddeath！\"thinksPitt）；——
\"dreadfullyexpensive，\"urgesMauduit，andgivessomeinstancesofCommissariatmoneyssignallywasted，——notbyPitt，butbythestupidityofPitt’sWarOffices，CommissariatOffices，Officesofallkinds；nottobecuredatoncebyanyPitt:——Howmagazinesofhaywereshippedandreshipped，carriedhither，thither，upthisriver，downthat（nobodyknowingwherethewar—horseswouldbethatweretoeatit）；tillatlength，whenithadreachedalmostthevalueofboheatea，therightplaceofitwasfoundtobeEmbden（nearesttoBritainfromthefirst，hadonebutknown），andnotahorsewouldnowtasteit，sospoiledwasthearticle；allhorsessnortedatit，astheywouldhavedoneatbohea，neversoexpensive。[Mauduit（towardstheend）hasastoryofthattenor，——particularsnotworthverifying。]ThesethingsareincidenttoBritishwarfare；alsotoSwedish，andtoallwarfaresthathavetheirWarOfficesinanimaginarystate，——statemuchtobeabhorredbyeverysanecreature；butnottobemendedallatoncebythenoblestofmen，intowhosehandstheyaresuddenlythrustforsavinghisNation。Conflagrationtobequenched；andyourbucketsallinhideousleakage，likebucketsoftheDanaides:——youronecourseis，plythem，pourwiththem，suchastheyare。
MauduitpointsoutfarthertheenormousfortunesrealizedbyaswindlingsetofArmy—Furnishers，Hebrewsmainly，andunbeautifultolookon。Alas，yes；thistooisathingincidenttothecase；
andinadegreetoallsuchcases，andsituationsofsuddencrisis；
——havenotweseenJewEphraimgrowingrichbythecoppermoneyevenofaFriedrich？ChristianProtestantsthereare，withal，playingthesamegameonalargerscale。HerrSchimmelmann（\"MOULDY—man\"）theDane，forinstance，——DaneorHolsteiner，——iscoiningfalsemoneyforaDukeofHolstein—Plon，whohasnotaSeven—YearsWaronhishands。Diligentlycoining，thisMouldyIndividual；stillmoresuccessfully，istradinginFriedrich’sMeissenChina（boughtinthecheapestmarket，soldinthedearest）；
hasatHamburghis\"AuctionofMeissenPorcelain，\"steadilygoingon，asanewcommercialinstitutionofthatCity；——and，inshort，byassiduouslylaboringinsuchharvest—fields，gathersacolossalfortune，100，000pounds，300，000pounds，orIwillnotrememberwhat。Gets\"ennobled，\"furthermore，byaDanishGovernmentprompttorecognizehumanmerit:ElephantOrder，DannebrogOrder；noOrdergoodenoughforthisMouldy—manofmerit；[Preuss，ii。391，282，&c。]——andis，sofarasIknow，begetting\"Nobles，\"thatistosay，Vice—KingsandmonitoryExemplars，fortheDanishPeople，tothisday。Letusshutdowntheironlidonallthat。
Mauduit’sPamphlet，ifitraisedintheabhorrentunthinkingEnglishmindsomevaguenotion，asprobablyitdid，thatPittwasresponsibleforthesethings，orwasinasortthecauseorauthorofthem，mightproducesomeeffectagainsthim。\"Whatasplashisthisyouaremaking，youGreatCommoner；wettingeverybody’sfeet，——asourMauduitproves；——whiletheConflagrationseemstobegoingout，ifyouletitalone！\"Fortheheadsofmenresemble——
Myfriend，Iwillnottellyouwhatthey，inmultitudinousinstances，resemble。
ButthushaswoollenMauduit，fromhisprivatecamp（\"Clement’sLane，LombardStreet，\"saytheDictionaries），shot，ataveryhighobject，whatpigeon’s—eggorsmallpebblehehad；thefirstofmanysuchthattookthataim；withweakthoughloud—soundingimpact，butwithresults——resultsonKingFriedrichinparticular，whichwerestrongerthantheCannonadeofTorgau！Aswillbeseen。Forwithinyearandday，——MauduitandCompanymakingtheirnoisesfromwithout，andtheButesandHardwickesworkingincessantlywithsuchrarepowerofleverageandscrewageintheinteriorparts，——acertainQuasi—OlympianHouse，madeofglass，willlieinsherds，andtheablestandnoblestmaninEnglandseehimselfforbiddentodoEnglandanyservicefarther:\"Notneededmore，Sir！Goyou，——andlookatUSfortheremainderofyourlife！\"
KINGFRIEDRICHINTHEAPELHOUSEATLEIPZIG
（8thDecember，1760—17thMarch，1761）。
Friedrich’sWinterintheApelHouseatLeipzigisofcheerfulercharacterthanwemightimagine。Endlesssorebusinesshedoubtlesshas，ofrecruiting，financiering，watchingandproviding，whichgrowsmoredifficultyearbyyear；buthehassubordinatesthatworktohissignal，andanorganizedmachineryforbusinesssuchasnootherman。Andsolacementstherearewithal:hisBookshehasabouthim；welcomerthaneverinsuchseasons:Friendstoo，——heisnotsolitary；norneglectfulofresources。FaithfulD’Argenscameatonce（stayedtillthemiddleofMarch）:[OEuvresdeFrederic，xix。212，213。SendsaCouriertoconductD’Argens\"FORDecember8th；\"\"21stMarch，\"D’ArgensisbackatBerlin。]D’Argens，QuintusIcilius，EnglishMitchell；thesethreealmostdailyborehimcompany。TillthemiddleofJanuary，also，hehadhistwoNephewswithhim（SonsofhispoordeceasedBrother，thelatetragicPrinceofPrussia），——theelderofwhom，FriedrichWilhelm，becameKingafterwards；thesecond，Henribyname，diedsuddenlyofsmall—poxwithinaboutsevenyearshence，totheKing’sdeepandsoregrief，wholikedhimthebetterofthetwo。
Theiragesrespectivelyarenowabout16and14。[Henri，born30thDecember，1747，died26thMay，1767；——FriedrichWilhelm，afterwardsFriedrichWilhelmII。（sometimescalledDERDICKE，TheBig），born25thDecember，1744；King，17thAugust，1786；died16thNovember，1797。]Theirappetitefordancing，andtheirgayyoungways，arepleasantnowandafterwardstotheoldUncleinhisgrimelement。
[Letters，&c。inSCHONING。]
Music，too，hehad；dailyeveningConcert，thoughfromhimselfthereisnoflutingnow。OneofhisBerlinConcertpeoplewhohadbeensentforwasFasch，avirtuosoonIknownotwhatinstrument，——butamangiventotakenoteofthingsabouthim。FaschwaspainfullysurprisedtoseehisKingsoalteredintheinterimpast:
\"bentnow，sunkintohimself，grownold；towhomthesefiveyearsofwar—tumultandanxiety，ofsorrowandhardtoil，hadgivenadashofgloomyseriousnessandmelancholy，whichwasinstrongcontrastwithhisformervividlybrightexpression，andwasnotnaturaltohisyears。\"[Zelter’sLifeofFasch（citedinPREUSS，ii。278）。]
FromD’ArgensthereisoneauthenticAnecdote，worthgiving。
OneeveningD’Argenscametohim；enteringhisApartment，foundhiminasituationveryunexpected；whichhasbeenmemorableeversince。\"Oneevening[thereisnodatetoit，exceptvaguely，asabove，December，1760—March，1761]，D’Argens，enteringtheKing’sApartment，foundhimsittingonthegroundwithabigplatteroffriedmeat，fromwhichhewasfeedinghisdogs。Hehadalittlerod，withwhichhekeptorderamongthem，andshovedthebestbitstohisfavorites。TheMarquis，inastonishment，recoiledastep，struckhishandstogether，andexclaimed:’TheFiveGreatPowersofEurope，whohaveswornalliance，andconspiredtoundotheMarquisdeBrandebourg，howmighttheypuzzletheirheadstoguesswhatheisnowdoing！SchemingsomedangerousplanforthenextCampaign，thinkthey；collectingfundstohavemoneyforit；studyingaboutmagazinesformanandhorse；orheisdeepinnegotiationstodividehisenemies，andgetnewalliesforhimself？Notabitofallthat。Heissittingpeaceablyinhisroom，andfeedinghisdogs！’\"[Preuss，ii。282。]
INTERVIEWWITHHERRPROFESSORGELLERT
（Thursday，18thDecember，1760）。
StillmorecelebratedistheInterviewwithGellert；thoughI
cannotsayitisnowmoreentertainingtotheingenuousmind。
OneofFriedrich’smanyInterviews，thisWinter，withtheLearnedofLeipzigUniversity；forheisabornfriendoftheMusessocalled，andneverneglectsanopportunity。Wonderfultoseehow，insuchanenvironment，inthedepthsofmeretoilandtribulation，withawholebreakingworldlyingonhisshoulders，asitwere，——healwaysshowssuchappetiteforasnatchoftalkwithanybodypresumablyofsense，andknowledgeonsomething！
ThisWinter，saytheBooks，\"hehad，invacantintervals，agreatdealofcommuningwiththefamedofLeipzigUniversity；\"thisortheotherfamedProfessor，——Winkler，Ernesti，Gottschedagain，andothers，comingtogiveaccount，eachforhimself，ofwhatheprofessedtobeteachingintheworld:\"ontheNaturalSciences，moreespeciallytheMoral；onLibraries，onRareBooks。
GottschedwasabletosatisfytheKingononepoint；namely，ThatthecelebratedpassageofSt。John’sGospel——\"THEREARETHREETHAT
BEARRECORD——wasNOTinthefamousManuscriptoftheViennaLibrary；GottschedhavinghimselfexaminedthatimportantCODEX，andfoundinthetextnothingofsaidPassage，butmerely，writtenonthemargin，alegibleintercalationofit，inMelanchthon’shand。Luther，inhisVersion，neverhaditatall。\"
[Helden—Geschichte，vi。596。]AGottschedinclinedtotheSocinianview？NottheleastconsequencetoFriedrichorus！OurbusinessisexclusivelywithGellerthere。
ReadershaveheardofGellert；thereare，ortherewere，EnglishWritingsabouthim，LIVES，orIforgetwhat:andinhisnativeProtestantSaxony，amongallclasses，especiallythehigher，hehad，inthoseyearsandonwardstohisdeath，suchapopularityandrealsplendorofauthorityasnomanbeforeorsince。Hadrisen，againsthiswillinsomesort，tobearealPope，apracticalOracleinthoseparts。Inhismodestbachelorlodging（ageofhimfive—and—fortygone）hehassheavesofLettersdaily，——aboutaffairsoftheconscience，ofthehousehold，oftheheart:
fromsomeevangelicalyounglady，forexample，ShallImarryHIM，thinkyou，OmyFather？\"andperhapsfromherPapa，\"ShallSHE，thinkyou，Omyditto？\"——SheavesofLetters:andoforalconsulterssuchcrowds，thatthepoorOraclewasobligedtoappointspecialhoursforthatbranchofhisbusiness。Hisclass—room（helecturesonMORALS，someTHEORYOFMORALSENTIMENT，orsuchlike）iscrowdedwith\"blueuniforms\"（ingenuousPrussianOfficerseagertohearaGellert）intheseWinters。RuggedHulsen，thisveryseason，whocommandsinFreybergCountry，alleviatesthepoorvillageofHainichenfromcertainofficialinflictions，andbidsthepoorpeoplesay\"ItisbecauseGellertwasbornamongyou！\"PlainlytheTrismegistusofmankindatthatdate:——whoisnow，asusual，becomeasurprisingTrismegistustothenewgenerations！
HehadwrittencertainthinBooks，allofathinlanguidnature；
butrational，clear；especiallyaBookofFABLESINVERSE，whicharewatery，butnotwhollywater，andhavestillalanguidflavorinthemforreaders。HisBookonLETTER—WRITINGwasofusetotherisinggeneration，initstime。Clearlyanamiable，ingenious，correct，altogethergoodman；ofpiousmind，——and，whatwasmore，ofstrictlyorthodox，accordingtothethenSaxonstandardinthebestcircles。ThiswasthefigureofhisLifeforthelastfifteenyearsofit；andhewasnowaboutthemiddleofthatculminatingperiod。Amodest，despondentkindofman，giventoindigestions，dietetics，hypochondria:\"ofneatfigureanddress；nosehooked，butnottoomuch；eyesmournfullyblueandbeautiful，fineopenbrow；\"——afinecountenance，andfinesoulofitssort，poorGellert:\"punctuallikethechurch—clockatdivineservice，inallweathers。\"[Jordens，LexikonDeutscherDichterundProsaisten（Leipzig，1807），ii。54—68（？Gellert）。]
Amanofsomerealintellectandmelody；some，bynomeansmuch；
whowasofamiablemeekdemeanor；studioustooffendnobody，andtodowhatevergoodhecouldbytheestablishedmethods；——andwho，whatwasthegreatsecretofhissuccess，wasoforthodoxyperfectandeminent。Whom，accordingly，thewholeworld，politeSaxonorthodoxworld，hailedasitsEvangelistandTrismegistus。
Essentiallyacommonplaceman；butwhoemployedhimselfinbeautifyingandilluminatingthecommonplaceofhisclayandgeneration:——infinitelytothesatisfactionofsaidgeneration。
\"Howcharmingthatyoushouldmakethinkabletous，makevocal，musicalandcomfortablycertain，whatwewereallinclinedtothink；youcreatureplainlydivine！\"AndthehomagestoGellertwereunlimitedandcontinual，notpleasantallofthemtoanidlishmaninweakhealth。
MitchellandQuintusIcilius，whoareoftenurgingontheKingthatanewGermanLiteratureisspringingup，offarmoreimportancethantheKingthinks，havespokenmuchtohimofGellerttheTrismegistus；——andatlength，inthecourseofatendaysfromFriedrich’sarrivalhere，actualInterviewensues。TheDIALOGUE，thoughitisbutdullandwaterytoamodernpalate，shallbegivenentire，forthesakeofoneoftheInterlocutors。TheReportofit，gleanedgraduallyfromGellerthimself，andprinted，notlongafterwards，fromhismanuscriptsorthoseofothers，istobetakenasperfectlyfaithful。Gellert，writingtohisinquiringFriendRabener（athencelebratedBerlinWit），describes，fromLeipzig，\"29thJanuary，1760，\"oraboutsixweeksaftertheevent:\"How，onedayaboutthemiddleofDecember，QuintusIciliussuddenlycametomypoorlodginghere，tocarrymetotheKing。\"Amtooilltogo。
Quintuswillexcusemeto—day；butwillreturnto—morrow，whennoexcuseshallavail。Didgoaccordinglynextday，Thursday，18thDecember，4o’clockoftheafternoon；andcontinuedtillaquarterto6。\"HadnothingoffearinspeakingtotheKing。RecitedmyMALERZUATHEN。\"Kingsaid，atparting，hewouldsendformeagain。
\"TheEnglishAmbassador[Mitchell]，anexcellentman，wasprobablythecauseoftheKing’swishtoseeme……TheKingspokesometimesGerman，sometimesFrench；ImostlyGerman。\"
[Gellert’sBriefwechselmitDemoiselleLucius，herausgegebenvonF。A。Ebert（Leipzig，1823），pp。629，631。]Asfollows:——
RING。\"Areyou（ER）theProfessorGellert？\"
GELLERT。\"Yea，IHROMAJESTAT。\"
KING。\"TheEnglishAmbassadorhasspokenhighlyofyoutome。
Wheredoyoucomefrom？\"
GELLERT。\"FromHainichen，nearFreyberg。\"
KING。\"HavenotyouabrotheratFreyberg？\"
GELLERT。\"Yea，IHROMAJESTAT。\"
KING。\"TellmewhywehavenogoodGermanAuthors。\"
MAJORQUINTUSICILIUS（putsinaword）。\"YourMajesty，youseehereonebeforeyou；——onewhomtheFrenchthemselveshavetranslated，callinghimtheGermanLaFontaine！\"
KING。\"Thatismuch。HaveyoureadLaFontaine？\"
GELLERT。\"Yes，yourMajesty；buthavenotimitated:Iamoriginal（ICHBINEINORIGINAL）。\"
KING。\"Well，thisisonegoodAuthoramongtheGermans；butwhyhavenotwemore？\"
GELLERT。\"YourMajestyhasaprejudiceagainsttheGermans。\"
KING。\"No；Ican’tsaythat（Nein；daskannichnichtsagen）。\"
GELLERT。\"Atleast，againstGermanwriters。\"
KING。\"Well，perhaps。WhyhavewenogoodHistorians？WhydoesnooneundertakeaTranslationofTacitus？\"
GELLERT。\"Tacitusisdifficulttotranslate；andtheFrenohthemselveshavebutbadtranslationsofhim。\"
KING。\"Thatistrue（DAHATERRECHT）。\"
GELLERT。\"And，onthewhole，variousreasonsmaybegivenwhytheGermanshavenotyetdistinguishedthemselvesineverykindofwriting。WhileArtsandScienceswereintheirfloweramongtheGreeks，theRomanswerestillbusyinWar。PerhapsthisistheWarlikeEraoftheGermans:——perhapsalsotheyhaveyetwantedAugustusesandLouis—Fourteenths！\"
KING。\"How，wouldyouwishoneAugustus，then，forallGermany？\"
GELLERT。\"Notaltogetherthat；IcouldwishonlythateverySovereignencouragedmenofgeniusinhisowncountry。\"
KING（startinganewsubject）。\"HaveyouneverbeenoutofSaxony？\"
GELLERT。\"IhavebeeninBerlin。\"
KING。\"Youshouldtravel。\"
GELLERT。\"IHROMAJESTAT，forthatIneedtwothings，——healthandmeans。\"
KING。\"Whatisyourcomplaint？IsitDIEGELEHRTEKRANKHEIT
（DiseaseoftheLearned，\"Dyspepsiasocalled）？\"Ihavemyselfsufferedfromthat。Iwillprescribeforyou。Youmustridedaily，andtakeadoseofrhubarbeveryweek。\"
GELLERT。\"ACH，IHROMAJESTAT:ifthehorsewereasweakasIam，hewouldbeofnousetome；ifhewerestronger，Ishouldbetooweaktomanagehim。\"（MarkthisoftheHorse，however；atalehangsbyit。）
KING。\"Thenyoumustdriveout。\"
GELLERT。\"ForthatIamdeficientinthemeans。\"
KING。\"Yes，thatistrue；thatiswhatAuthors（GELEHRTE）inDeutschlandarealwaysdeficientin。Isupposethesearebadtimes，arenotthey？\"
GELLERT。\"JAWOHL；andifyourMajestywouldgrantusPeace（DEN
FRIEDENGEBENWOLLTEN）——\"
KING。\"HowcanI？Havenotyouheard，then？Therearethreeofthemagainstme（ESSINDJADREIWIDERMICH）！\"
GELLERT。\"IhavemoretodowiththeAncientsandtheirHistorythanwiththeModerns。\"
KING（changingthetopic）。\"Whatdoyouthink，isHomerorVirgilthefinerasanEpicPoet？\"
GELLERT。\"Homer，asthemoreoriginal。\"
KING。\"ButVirgilismuchmorepolished（VIELPOLIRTER）。\"
GELLERT。\"WearetoofarremovedfromHomer’stimestojudgeofhislanguage。ItrusttoQuintilianinthatrespect，whoprefersHomer。\"
KING。\"ButoneshouldnotbeaslavetotheopinionoftheAncients。\"
GELLERT。\"NoramIthat。Ifollowthemonlyincaseswhere，owingtothedistance，Icannotjudgeformyself。\"
MAJORICILIUS（againgivingaslightfilliporsuggestion）。\"He，\"
theHerrProfessorhere，\"hasalsotreatedofGERMANLETTER—
WRITING，andhaspublishedspecimens。\"
KING。\"So？ButhaveyouwrittenagainsttheCHANCERYSTYLE，then\"
（thepainfullysolemnstyle，ofceremonialandcircumlocution；
Letterswrittensoastobemainlywigandbuckram）？
GELLERT。\"ACHJA，thathaveI，IHROMAJESTAT！\"
KING。\"Butwhydoesn’titchange？TheDevilmustbeinit（ESIST
ETWASVERTEUFELTES）。Theybringmewholesheetsofthatstuff，andIcanmakenothingofit！\"
GELLERT。\"IfyourMajestycannotalterit，stilllesscanI。Icanonlyrecommend，whereyoucommand。\"
KING。\"CanyourepeatanyofyourFables？\"
GELLERT。\"Idoubtit；mymemoryisverytreacherous。\"
KING。\"Bethinkyoualittle；Iwillwalkabout[Gellertbethinkshim，browpuckered。King，seeingthebrowunpuckeritself]。
Well，haveyouone？\"
GELLERT。\"Yes，yourMajesty:THEPAINTER。\"Gellertrecites（voiceplaintiveandhollow；somewhatPREACHY，Ishoulddoubt，butnotcrackedorshrieky）；——wecondensehimintoproseabridgmentforEnglishreaders；Germancanlookatthebottomofthepage:
[（Gellert’sWERKE:Leipzig，1840；i。135。）]——
\"’AprudentPainterinAthens，moreintentonexcellencethanonmoney，haddoneaGodofWar；andsentforarealCritictogivehimhisopinionofit。Onsurvey，theCriticshookhishead:\"ToomuchArtvisible；won’tdo，myfriend！\"ThePainterstrovetothinkotherwise；andwasstillarguing，whenayoungCoxcomb[GECK，Gawk]
steptin:\"Gods，whatamasterpiece！\"criedheatthefirstglance:
\"Ah，thatfoot，thoseexquisitelywroughttoenails；helm，shield，mail，whatopulenceofArt！\"ThesorrowfulPainterlookedpenitentiallyattherealCritic，lookedathisbrush；andtheinstantthisGECKwasgone，struckouthisGodofWar。’\"
KING。\"AndtheMoral？\"
GELLERT（stillreciting）:
\"’WhentheCriticdoesnotlikethyBitofWriting，itisabadsignforthee；butwhentheFooladmires，itistimethouatoncestrikeitout。’\"
\"EinklugerMalerinAthen，Derminder，weilmanihnbezhalte，AlsweilerEhresuchte，malte，LiesseinenKennereinstdenMarsimBildesehn，UndbatsichseineMeinungaus。
DerKennersagtihmfieiheraus，DassihmdasBildnichtganzgefallenwollte，Unddasses，umrechtschonzusein，WeitminderKunstverrathensollte。
DerMalerwandtevielesein；
DerKennerstrittmitihmausGrunden，Undkonntihndochnichtuberwinden。
GleichtrateinjungerGeckherein，UndnahmdasBildinAugenschein。
’O，’riefer，’beidemerstenBlicke，IhrGotter，welcheinMeisterstucke！
Ach，welcherFuss！O，wiegeschicktSindnichtdieNagelausgedruckt！
MarslebtdurchausindiesemBilde。
WievieleKunst，wievielePrachtIstindemHelmundindemSchilde，UndinderRustungangebracht！’
DerMalerwardbeschamtgeruhret，UndsahdenKennerklaglichan。
’Nun，’spracher，’binichuberfuhret！
Ihrhabtmirnichtzuvielgethan。’
DerjungeGeckwarkaumhinaus，SostricherseinenKriegsgottaus。\"
MORAL。
\"WenndeineSchriftdemKennernichtgefallt，SoistesschoneinbosesZeichen；
Doch，wennsiegardesNarrenLoberhalt，SoistesZeit，sieauszustreichen。\"
KING。\"Thatisexcellent；veryfineindeed。Youhaveasomethingofsoftandflowinginyourverses；themIunderstandaltogether。
ButtherewasGottsched，oneday，readingmehisTranslationofIPHIGENIE；IhadtheFrenchCopyinmyhand，andcouldnotunderstandawordofhim[aSwanofSaxony，laboringinvainthatday]！TheyrecommendedmeanotherPoet，onePeitsch[HerrPeitschofKonigsberg，Hofrath，DoctorandProfessorthere，Gottsched’sMasterinArt；editedbyGottschedthirtyyearsago；nowbecomeadumbidol，thoughatonetimeagodconfessed]；himIflungaway。\"
GELLERT。\"IHROMAJESTAT，himIalsoflingaway。\"
KING。\"Well，ifIcontinuehere，youmustcomeagainoften；
bringyourFABLESwithyou，andreadmesomething。\"
GELLERT。\"IknownotifIcanreadwell；Ihavethesingingkindoftone，nativetotheHillCountry。\"
KING。\"JA，liketheSilesians。No，youmustreadmetheFABLES
yourself；theyloseagreatdealotherwise。Comebacksoon。\"
[Gellert’sBriefwechselmitDemoiselleLucius
（alreadycited），pp。632etseq。]（EXITGELLERT。）
KING（toIcilius，aswelearnfromadifferentRecord）。\"ThatisquiteanothermanthanGottsched！\"（EXUENTOMNES。）
ThemodestGellertsayshe\"rememberedJesusSirach’sadvice，PRESS
NOTTHYSELFONKINGS，——andnevercameback；\"norwasspeciallysentfor，inthehurriessucceeding；thoughtheKingneverquiteforgothim。Nextday，atdinner，theKingsaid，\"HeisthereasonablestmanofalltheGermanLiteraryPeople，C’ESTLEPLUSRAISONNABLEDE
TOUSLESSAVANSALLEMANDS。\"AndtoGarve，atBreslau，yearsafterwards:\"GellertistheonlyGermanthatwillreachposterity；
hisdepartmentissmall，buthehasworkedinitwithrealfelicity。\"AndindeedtheKinghad，beforethat，aspracticalresultoftheGellertDialogue，managedtosetsomeBerlinBookselleruponprintingoftheseeligibleFABLES，\"fortheuseofourPrussianSchools；\"inwhichandothercapacitiestheFABLES
stillservewithacceptancethereandelsewhere。[Preuss，ii。274。]
InregardtoGellert’sHorse—exercise，IhadstilltorememberthatGellert，notlongafter，didgetaHorse；twosuccessiveHorses；
bothhighlyremarkable。Thefirstespecially；whichwasPrinceHenri’sgift:\"TheHorsePrinceHenrihadriddenattheBattleofFreyberg\"（Battletobementionedhereafter）；——quadrupedthatmusthavebeenastonishedatitself！ButaprettyenoughgiftfromthewarlikeadmiringPrincetohisdyspepticGreatMan。ThisHorsehavingyieldedtoTime，theveryKurfurst（grandsonofPolishMajestythatnowis）sentGellertanother，housingandfurniturecomplete；mountedonwhich，GellertanditwereamongthesightsofLeipzig；——wellenoughknownheretoyoungGoethe，inhisCollegedays，whousedtomeetthegreatmanandprincelyhorse，anddosalutation，withperhapssometwinkleofscepticisminthecornerofhiseye。[DICHTUNGUNDWAHRHEIT，Theilii。Buch6（inGoethe’sWERKE，xxv。51etseq）。]PoorGellertfellseriouslyillinDecember，1769；tothefearandgriefofalltheworld:\"estafettesfromtheKurfursthimselfgallopeddaily，oroftener，fromDresdenforthesickbulletin；\"butpoorGellertdied，allthesame（13thofthatmonth）；andwehave（reallywithpatheticthoughts，evenwe）tobidhisamiableexistenceinthisworld，hisbitsofgloriesandhim，adieuforever。
DIALOGUEWITHGENERALSALDERN（intheApelHouse，Leipzig，21stJanuary，1761）。
FourorfiveweeksafterthisofGellert，FriedrichhadanotherDialogue，whichalsoispartlyonrecord，andisofmoreimportancetoushere:DialoguewithMajor—GeneralSaldern；onacertainbusiness，delicate，yetprofitabletothedoer，——nobodysofitforitasSaldern，thinkstheKing。SaldernishewhodidthatextraordinaryfeatofpackingthewrecksofbattleontheFieldofLiegnitz；afine，clear—flowing，silentkindofman，rapidandsteady；withagreatdealofmethodicandothergoodfacultyinhim，——more，perhaps，thanhehimselfyetknowsof。HimtheKinghassentfor，thismorning；anditisonthebusinessofPolishMajesty’sRoyalHunting—SchlossatHubertsburg，——whichisathingotherwiseworthsomenoticefromus。
ForthreemonthslongtheKinghadbeenrepresenting，intheproperquarters，whatplunderings，andriotousandevendisgustingsavageries，theSaxonshadperpetratedatCharlottenburg，Schonhausen，Friedrichsfeld，inOctoberlast，whilemastersthereforafewdays:butneitherinReichsDiet，wherePlothowaseloquent，norelsewherebytheDiplomaticmethod，couldhegettheleastredress，oronecivilwordofregret。FromPolishMajestyhimself，towhomFriedrichremonstratedthematter，throughtheEnglishResidentatWarsaw，Friedrichhadexpectedregret；buthegotnone。SomethinkhehadhopedthatPolishMajesty，touchedbythesehorrorsofwar，andbythereciprocitiesevidentlyliabletofollow，mightbeinducedtotrysomethingtowardsmediatingaGeneralPeace:butPolishMajestydidnot；PolishMajestyansweredsimplynothingatall，norwouldgetintoanycorrespondence:
uponwhichFriedrich，possiblyalittlepiquedwithal，hadatlengthdeterminedonretaliation。
Withinourcantonments，reflectsFriedrich，hereisHubertsburgSchloss，withsuchahuntingapparatusinandaroundit；
PolishMajesty’sHERTZBLATT（\"lidoftheHEART，\"astheycallit；
breastbone，atleast，andpitofhisSTOMACH，whichinclinestonothingbuthunting）:lethisHubertsburgbecomeasourCharlottenburgis；perhapsthatwilltouchhisfeelings！
Friedrichhadformedthisresolution；and，Wednesday，January21st，sendsforSaldern，oneofthemostexact，deft—goingandpunctiliouslyhonorableofallhisGenerals，toexecuteit。
EnterSaldernaccordingly，——royalAudience—room\"intheAPEL’SCHE
HAUS，NewNeumarkt，No。16，\"asabove；——towhom（oneKuster，areliablecreature，reportingforusonSaldern’sbehalf）theKingsays，inthedistinctslowishtoneofaKinggivingorders:——
KING。\"Saldern，to—morrowmorningyougo[ER，Hegoes）withadetachmentofInfantryandCavalry，inallsilence，toHubertsburg；
besettheSchloss，getallthefurniturescarefullypackedupandinvoiced。Iwantnothingwiththem；themoneytheybringImeantobestowonourFieldHospitals，andwillnotforgetYOUindisposingofit。\"
Saldern，usuallysopromptwithhis\"JA\"onanyOrderfromtheKing，looksembarrassed，standssilent，——totheKing’sgreatsurprise；——andafteramomentortwosays:——
SALDERN。\"Forgiveme，yourMajesty:butthisiscontrarytomyhonorandmyoath。\"
KING（stillinacalmtone）。\"YouwouldberighttothinksoifI
didnotintendthisdesperatemethodforagoodobject。Listentome:greatLordsdon’tfeelitintheirscalp，whentheirsubjectsaretornbythehair；onehastogriptheirownlocks，astheonlywaytogivethempain。\"（TheselastwordstheKingsaidinasharpertone；heagainmadehisapologyfortheresolutionhehadformed；andrenewedhisOrder。Withthemodestyusualtohim，butalsowithmanliness，Saldernreplied:）——
SALDERN。\"Orderme，yourMajesty，toattacktheenemyandhisbatteries，Iwillontheinstantcheerfullyobey:butagainsthonor，oathandduty，Icannot，Idarenot！\"
TheKing，withvoicegraduallyrising，Isuppose，repeatedhisdemonstrationthatthethingwasproper，necessaryinthecircumstances；butSaldern，truetotheinwardvoice，answeredsteadily:——
SALDERN。\"ForthiscommissionyourMajestywilleasilyfindanotherpersoninmystead。\"
KING（whirlinghastilyround，withanangrycountenance，but，I
shouldsay，anadmirablepreservationofhisdignityinsuchextremecase）。\"SALDERN，ERWILLNICHTREICHWERDEN，——Saldern，yourefusetobecomerich。\"AndEXIT，leavingSalderntohisownstiffcourses。[Kuster，CharakterzugedesGeneral—Lieutenantv。
Saldern（Berlin，1793），pp。39—44。]
NothingremainedforSaldernbuttofallill，andretirefromtheService；whichhedid:amanhonorablyruined，thoughteverybody；——
whichdidnotprovetobethecase，byandby。