NeverbeforeorsincewasseeninFrankfurtsuchaSaturday，forbellowingandbraying，andragingandtumulting，allthroughthedayandthroughthenight；usheringinsuchaSundaytoo！
Sundayabout3inthemorning，Friedrichisonmarchagain，——
Russiansstillintheirplace；andDispositionFIRST，notSECONDatall，tobeourruleofaction！Friedrich，inTwoColumns，marchesoff，eastwardthroughthewoods，asifforReppenquiteawayfromtheRussiansandtheirMuhlberg；butintendingtocircleroundattheduepoint，andcomedownupontheirrightflankthere（leftflank，ashepersiststocallit），outofthewoods，andclaspitinhisarmsinanimpressive，unexpectedway。InTwoColumns；
whicharemeant，asusual，tobetheTwoLinesofBattle:Seidlitz，withchosenCavalry，isattheheadofColumnFirst，andwillbeLeftWing，wereweontheground；EugenofWurtemberg，closingtherearofColumnFirst，will，he，orFinckandhetogether，beRightWing。Thatistheorderofmarch；——orderofBATTLE，weshallfind，hadtoalteritselfsomewhat，forreasonsextremelyvalid！
Finckwithhis12，000istokeephispresentground；tohavetwogoodbatteriesgotready，eachonitsknollahead，whichshallwaitsilentintheinterim:Fincktorideoutreconnoitring，withmanyGeneralOfficers，andtomakemotionsandostentations；inaword，topersuadetheRussiansthathereistheMainArmycomingonfromthenorth。AllwhichFinckdoes；avoiding，ashisorderswere，anyfiring，orseriouscommencementofbusiness，tilltheKingreappearoutofthewoods。TheRussiansgiveFinckandhisGeneralOfficersacannonsalvo，hereandthere，withouteffect，andgetnoanswer。
\"TheKingdoesnotseehisway，then，afterall？\"thinktheRussians。TheirCossacksgoscouringabout；onthesouthernside，\"burnSchwetigandReipzig，\"withouttheleastadvantagetothemselves:mostoftheCavalry，andaregimentortwoofexcellentAustrianGrenadiers，arewithLoudon，neartheRedGrange，infrontoftheRussianextremeleft；——butwillhavesteptoverintoBigHollowatamomentofcrisis！
TheKing’smarch，throughtheForestofReppen，wasnothinglikesoexpeditiousashadbeenexpected。Therearethickets，intricacies，runlets，boggyoozes；indifferenttoonemanwellmounted，butvitallyimportantto30，000withheavycannontobringon。
Boggyoozingsespecially，——thereisonedirtystreamorfloss（HUNERFLIESS，Hen—Floss）whichwandersdismallythroughthoserecesses，issuingfromthefarsouth，withdirtydaughtersdismallywanderingintoit，andothersthatcannotgetintoit（beingofthelakekind）:these，intheirweary，circling，recirclingcoursetowardsOder，——FAULELAACKE（FoulLake，LITHER—MERE，asitwere），FoulBridge，Swine’sNook（SCHWEINEBUCKT），andmanyothers，——
occasionendlessdifficulty。WhetherMajorLindenwasshotthatday，orwhatbecameofhimafter，Idonotknow:butitwaspityhehadnotstudiedthegroundwithasoldier’seyeinsteadofahunter’s！Plumpingsuddenly，atlast，uponHen—Flossitself，Friedrichhastoturnangularly；angularly，whichoccasionsgreatdelay:theheavycannon（wall—gunsbroughtfromCustrin）havetwelvehorseseach，andcannotturnamongthetrees，buthavetobeunyoked，reyoked，turnedroundbyhand:——inshort，itwaseightinthemorningbeforeFriedricharrivedattheedgeofthewood，ontheKlosterberg，Walckberg，andotherwoodyBERGSorknolls，withinreachofMuhlberg，andbehindthepreliminaryabatisthere（abatiswhichwasratherofservicetohimthanotherwise）；——andbeganprivatelybuildinghisbatteries。
Ateighto’clockhe，withColumnFirst，whichisnowbecomingLineFirst（CENTREofLineFirst，ifwereckonFinckasRIGHT—WING），isthere；busyinthatmanner:ColumnSecond，whichwastohavebeenRearLine，isstillaprettywaybehind；andhasmanydifficultiesbeforeitgetsintoKunersdorfneighborhood，orcan（havingwriggleditselfintoakindofLEFT—WING）co—operateontheRussianPositionfromthesouthside。Onthenorthside，Finckhasbeenreadythesefivehours。——Friedrichspeedsthebuildingofhisbatteries:\"Silent，too；theRussianshavenotyetnoticedus！\"
BydegreestheRussiansdonoticesomething；shootoutCossackstoreconnoitre。Cossacksinquantity；whoaresoinsolent，andventuresoverynear，ourgunnersonthenorthbatterygivethemablastofsatisfactorygrape—shot；oneaudthenanother，fourblastsinall，satisfactorytothegunnermind，——tilltheKing’sself，withalook，withavoice，camegalloping:\"Silence，willyou！\"
TheRussianstooknooffence；stillconsideringFincktobethemainthingandFriedrichsomescoutparty，——tillatlast，Half—pasteleven，everythingbeingreadyontheWalckHill，Friedrich’sbatteriesopenedthere，inasuddenandvolcanicway。
VolcanicallyansweredbytheRussians，assoonaspossible；
whohave72gunsonthisMuhlberg，andarenothingloath。UponwhomFinck’sbatteryisopeningfromthenorth，withal:Friedrichhas60
cannonhereabouts；ontheWalckberg，ontheLITTLESpitzberg（calledSEIDLITZHILLeversince）；allplayingdiligentlyontheheadandsouthshoulderofthisMuhlberg:whileFinck’sbatteryopensonthenorthshoulder（couldhebutgetnearenough）。
Volcanictoadegreeallthese；noraretheRussianswanting，thoughtheygetmoreandmoreastonished:Tempelhof，whowasinit，sayshenever，exceptatTorgaunextYear，heardaloudercannonade。Loudexceedingly；andmoreorlessappallingtotheRussianimagination:butnotdestructiveinproportion；
thedistancebeingtooconsiderable，——\"1，950pacesatthenearest，\"
asTempelhofhassinceascertainedbymeasuring。Friedrich’stwobatteries，however，astheytooktheRussiansintheflankorbyenfilade，didgoodexecution。\"TheRussiangunswereill—pointed；
theRussianbatterieswrong—built；batteriessobuiltasdidnotallowthemsightoftheHollowtheyweremeanttodefend。\"
[Tempelhof，iii。186，187。]
Afterabovehalfanhourofthis，FriedrichordersstormoftheMuhlberg:Forwardonit，withwhatofenfiladingithashad！EightgrenadierBattalions，achosenvanguardappointedforthework（namesofBattalionsallgiven，anddeathlessinthePrussianWar—
Annals），trampforthonthisservice:crosstheabatis，whichtheRussiangrenadoeshavemostlyburnt；downintotheHollow。
Steadyasplanets；\"withaprecisionandcoherency，\"saysTempelhof，\"whichevenontheparade—groundwouldhavedeservedpraises。OncewellintheHollow，theysuffernothing；thoughtheblindRussianfire，goingallovertheirheads，ragesthreefold:\"
sufferednothingintheHollow；nortilltheyreachedalmostthebrowoftheMuhlberg，andwerewithinahundredstepsoftheRussianguns。Thesewerethecriticalsteps，thesefinalones；
suchtorrentsofgrape—shotandmusket—shotandsheerdeathburstingout，hereatlast，upontheEightBattalions，astheycomeaboveground。Whoadvanced，unwavering，allthefaster，——speedone’sonlysafety。TheypouredintotheRussiangunnersandmusketrybattalionsonevolleyofchoicestquality，whichhadashakingeffect；then，withlevelbayonets，plungeonthebatteries:
whichareallemptybeforewecanleapintothem；artillery—men，musketeerbattalions，allonwing；generalwhirlpoolspreading。
Andso，intenminutes，theMuhlberganditsgunsareours。
EversinceZorndorf，anideahadgotabroad，saysTempelhof，thattheRussianswoulddieinsteadofyielding；butitprovedfarotherwisehere。DownasfarasKunersdorf，whichmaybeaboutamilewestward，theRussiansareallinawhirl；atbesthangingintattersandclumps，theirOfficersstrugglingagainsttheflight；
\"mixedgroupsyouwouldseehuddledtogetherahundredmendeep。\"
TheRussianLeftWingisbeaten:hadweourcannonuphere，ourcavalryuphere，theRussianArmywereinabadway！
Thisisagloriousbeginning；completed，Ithink，asfaralmostasKunersdorfbyoneo’clock:andcouldtheironcontinuetobestruckwhileitisatwhite—heatasnow，theresultwereasgoodascertain。ThatwasFriedrich’scalculation:butcircumstanceswhichhehadnotcountedon，somewhichhecouldnotcounton，sadlyretardedthematter。HisLeftWing（RearLine，whichshouldnowhavebeenLeftWing）fromsouthward，hisRightWingfromnorthward，andFinckfartherwest，werenowontheinstanttohavesimultaneouslycloseduponthebeatenRussians，andcrushedthemaltogether。TheRightWing，conquerorsoftheMuhlberg，arehere:
butneitherFincknortheLeftcanbesimultaneouswiththem。
FinckandhisartilleryaremuchretardedwiththeFlossesandpoorsingleBridges；andoftheLeftWingthereareonlysomeVanguardRegimentscapableofhelping（\"whodroveouttheRussiansfromKunersdorfChurchyard，\"astheirfirstfeat），——noMainBodyyetforalongwhile。Suchimpediments，suchintricaciesofbogandbush！
TheentireWingdoesatlastgettothesoutheastofKunersdorf，freeofthewood；butfinds（contrarytoLindenwithhishuntereye）anintricatemeshworkofmeresandstragglinglakes，twoofthemintheburntVillageitself；nopassingoftheseexceptonnarrowisthmuses，whichnecessitatechangeofrankandre—change；
andourLeftWingcannot，withallitsindustry，\"marchup，\"
thatis，arriveattheenemyinfightingline，withoutthepainfulestdelays。
Andthenthegettingforwardofourcannon！OntheMuhlbergitselftheseventy—twoRussianguns，\"owingtodifferenceofcalibre，\"orartillery—menknowwhat，cannotbeusedbyus:afewlightguns，Tempelhoftooneofthem，apoorfourinall，withperhaps100shottoeach，did，bytheKing’sorder，hastentothetopoftheMuhlberg；andneverdidTempelhofseeafinerchanceforartillerythanthere。Softslopingground，withRussianssimmeringaheadofyou，allthewaydowntoKunersdorf，amilelong:byhorizontalpointing，youhadsuchreboundings（RICOCHETS）；andcarriedbeautifulexecution！Tempelhofsoonspenthishundredshots:butitwasnotatoncethatanyofoursixtyheavygunscouldbegotupthither。Twelvehorsestoeach:fancyit，andwhatbafflingdelayshereandelsewhere；——andhowtheRussianwhirlpoolwassettlingmoreandmore，intheinterim！Andhad，inpart，settled；inpart，gotthroughtotherear，andbeenreplacedbyfreshtroops！
Friedrich’sactivities，andsuppressedandinsuppressibleimpatiencesinthisinterval，arealsoconceivable，thoughnotonrecordforus。Theswiftestofmen；tieddown，inthismanner，withtheblazeofperfectvictoryahead，werethemomentsNOTrunningout！Slowerorfaster，hethinks（Isuppose），thevictoryishis；
andthathemustpossesshissoultillthingsdoarrive。ItwasinoneandmoreofthoseembargoedintervalsthathewrotetoBerlin[Preuss，ii。212n。]（whichiswaiting，asifforlifeordeath，theissueofthisscene，sixtymilesdistant）:\"Russiansbeaten；
rejoicewithme！\"Foursuccessivecouriers，Ibelieve，withmessagestothateffect；andatlastaFifthwithdolefullycontrarynews！——
Inproportionasthecannonandothernecessariesgraduallygotin，theFightflamedupfromitsembersmoreaudmore:andthereensued，——theRussiansbeingnowrankedagain（frontingeastwardnow）\"inmanylines，\"andveryfierce，——asecondstilldeadlierbout；Friedrichfuriouslydiligentontheirfrontandrightflank；
Finck，fromtheAlderWaste，batteringandcharging（uphill，andunderdifficultiesfromthoseFlossesandsingleBridges）ontheirleftflank。Thistoo，afterlongdeadlyeffortsonthePrussianpart，endedagainclearlyintheirfavor；theirenemiesbrokenasecondtime，anddrivennotonlyoutofKunersdorfandtheKuhgrund，butsomesayalmosttothefootoftheJudenberg，——whatcanonlybeverypartiallytrue。BrokenportionsoftheRussianleftflank，——someofFinck’speople，intheirvictoriouswrath，mayhavechasedtheseveryfar:butitiscertainthegeneralRussianmassralliedagainalongwayshortoftheJudenberg；——though，thegroundbeingallobliteratedbytherabbitsandthewinds，nobodycannowknowwithexactitudewhere。
AndindeedtheBattle，fromthispointonwards，becomesblurredandconfusedtous，onlyitsgrosserfeaturesvisiblehenceforth。
Wherethe\"BigSpitzberg\"was（soterriblyimportantsoon），nobodycannowtellme，exceptfrommaps。London’smotionstooareobscure，thoughimportant。Ibelievehisgrenadiershadnotyetbeeninthefire；butamcertaintheyarenowcomeoutofBigHollow；freshfortherescue；andhavetakenfrontrankinthisSecondRallythatismade。Loudon’sCavalryLoudonhimselfhasinhand，andwaitswiththeminafitplace。Hehas18，000freshmen；
andaneyelikefewothersonafieldofwar。Loudon’s18，000arefresh:ofthePrussiansthatcanbynomeansbesaid。Ishouldjudgeitmustbe3oftheafternoon。Thedayiswindless，blazing；
oneofthehottestAugustdays；and\"nobody，fortwelvehourspast，couldcommandadrinkofwater:\"veryfreshthepoorPrussianscannotbe！Theyhavedonetwoboutsofexcellentfighting；
tumbledtheRussianswellback，stormedmanybatteries；andtakeninall180cannon。
Atthisstage，itappears，FinckandmanyGenerals，Seidlitzamongtheothers，wereofopinionthat，inpresentcircumstances，withtroopssotired，andtheenemynearlycertaintodrawoff，ifpermitted，herehadbeenenoughforoneday，andthatthereoughttobepausetillto—morrow。Friedrichknewwelltheneedofrest；
butFriedrich，impatientofthingshalf—done，especiallyofRussianshalf—beaten，wouldnotlistentothisproposal；whichwasreckoneduponhimasagraveandtragicfault，alltherestofhislife；thoughfavorablejudges，whowereontheground，Tempelhofforone，[Tempelhof，iii。194。]arewilliugtoprovethatpausinghere——atthepointwehadreallygotto，alittlebeyondtheKuhgrund，namely；andnotacoupleofmileswestward，atthefootoftheJewHill，wherevaguerumorputsus——wasnotfeasibleorreasonable。Friedrichconsiderswithhimself，\"Ourleftwinghashardlyyetbeeninfire！\"callsouttheentireleftwing，footandhorse:thesearetoemergefromtheirmeshworkofLakesaboutKunersdorf，andbearahandalongwithusontheRussianfronthere，——especiallytosweepawaythatragingBatterytheyhaveontheBigSpitzberg，andmakeusclearofit。TheBigSpitzbergliestosouthandaheadoftheRussianrightasnowranked；
fatallycoverstheirrightflank，andhalfruinstheattackinfront。BigSpitzbergisblownirrecognizableinourtime；butitwasthenanall—importantthing。
Theleft—wingInfantrythreadtheirlake—labyrinth，thesoonestpossible；havetorankagainonthehitherside，underatearingfirefromthatSpitzberg；canthenatlast，anddo，stormonwards，upwards；butcannot，withtheirbestefforts，taketheSpitzberg:
andhavetofallbackunderitsfloodsoftearingcase—shot，andretireoutofrange。ToFriedrich’sblankdisappointment:\"Tryityou，then，Seidlitz；yousavedusatZorndorf！\"Seidlitz，thoughitisanimpossibleproblemtostormbatterieswithhorse，doeschargeinfortheRussianflank，inspiteofitscoveringbattery:butthetorrentsofgrape—shotareinsufferable；theSeidlitzpeople，torningaps，recoil，whirlround，anddonotrankagaintillbeyondtheLakesofKunersdorf。Seidlitzhimselfhasgotwounded，andhashadtobecarriedaway。
And，inbrief，fromthispointonwardsallgoesabackwiththePrussiansmoreandmore。RepeatedattemptsonthatSpitzbergbatteryprovevain；toadvancewithoutitisimpossible。
Friedrich’sexertionsarepassionate，almostdesperate；
rallying，animating，new—ordering；everywhereinthehottestofthefire。\"Thricehepersonallyledonthemainattack。\"Hehashadtwohorsesshotdownunderhim；mountingathird，thistoogetsabulletinanarteryoftheneck，andisaboutfalling，whentwoAdjutantssavetheKing。Inhiswaistcoat—pocketsomesmallgoldcase（ETUI）hasgotsmittenflatbyabullet，whichwouldotherwisehaveendedmatters。Thepeopleabouthimremonstrateonsuchexposureofalifebeyondvalue；heanswerscurtly，\"Wemustallofustryeverymethodhere，towintheBattle:I，likeeveryother，muststandtomydutyhere！\"These，andasecondbriefwordortwofartheron，areallofarticulatethatwehearfromhimthisday。
Friedrich’sweariedbattalionshereontheHeights，whiletheSpitzbergtoleftgoessoill，fightdesperately；butcannotprevailfarther；andinspiteofFriedrich’svehementrallyingsandurgings，graduallyloseground，——backatlasttoKunersdorfandtheKuhgrundagain。TheLoudongrenadiers，andexclaimedmassesoffreshRussians，arenottobebroken，butadvanceandadvance。
Fancythepantingdeath—labors，andspasmodictoilingsandbafflings，ofthosepoorPrussiansandtheirKing！Nothingnowsucceeding；thedeath—agonynowcome；allheartsgrowinghopeless；
onlyoneheartstillseeinghope。TheSpitzbergisimpossible；
triedhowoftenIknownot。Finck，fromtheAlderWaste，withhisInfantry，attacks，andagainattacks；withoutsuccess:\"LettheCavalrygoround，then，andtrythere。Seidlitzwehavenot；
youEugenofWurtembergleadthem！\"Eugenleadsthem（cuirassiers，orwewillforgetwhat）；roundbytheeasternendoftheMuhlberg；
thenwestward，alongtheAlderWaste；finallysouthward，againsttheRussianflank，himselfforemost，andatthegallopforcharging:——Eugen，\"lookinground，findshismenallgone，\"andhastogalloptheotherway，getswoundedtoboot。Puttkammer，withHussars，thentriedit；Puttkammerwasshotdead，andhisHussarstoocoulddonothing。
Back，slowlyback，gothePrussiansgenerally，nothingnowsucceedswiththem。BacktotheKuhgrundagain；fairlyoverthesteepbrowthere；theRussiansserryingtheirranksatop，rearrangingtheirmanyguns。There，oncemore，rosefrightfulstruggle；
desperateattemptbythefordonePrussianstoretakethatHeight。
\"Lastedfifteenminutes，linetolinenotfiftyyardsasunder；\"
suchmusketry，——ourlastcartridgeswithal。ArdentPrussianpartiestryingtostormup；fewevergettingtothetop，noneeverstandingtherealiveoneminute。Thiswasthedeath—agonyoftheBattle。
Loudon，waitingbehindtheSpitzberg，dashesforwardnow，towardstheKuhgrundandourLeftFlank。AtsightofwhichauniversalfeelingshiversthroughthePrussianheart，\"Hopeended，then！\"——
andtheirsolidranksrustleeverywhere；andmeltintoonewilddeluge，ebbingfromtheplaceasfastasitcan。
Itistowardssixo’clock；theswelteringSunisnowfallenlowandveiled；grayeveningsinkingoverthosewastes。\"N’YA—T—ILDONC
PASUNBOUGREDEBOULETQUIPUISSEM’ATTEINDREE（Istherenooneb——ofaballthatcanreachme，then）？\"exclaimedFriedrichindespair。Suchadayhehadneverthoughttosee。ThepillaroftheState，thePrussianArmyitself，gonetochaosinthismanner。
Friedrichstillpassionatelystruggles，exhorts，commands，entreatsevenwithtears，\"Children，don’tforsakeme，inthispinch（KINDER，VERLASSETHEUTEMICH，EURENKONIG，EURENVATER，NICHT）！\"
[Kriele，p。169。]——butallearsaredeaf。OntheMuhlbergoneregimentstillstoodbytheirguns，coveringtheretreat。Buttheretreatismoreandmoreaflight；\"noPrussianArmywaseverseeninsuchastate。\"AttheBridgesofthatHen—Floss，therewassuchacrowding，allourgunsgotjammed；andhadtobeleft，165ofthemofvariouscalibre，andthewholeoftheRussian180thatwereonceinourhands。Hadthechasebeenvigorous，thisPrussianArmyhadbeenheardofnomore。ButbeyondtheMuhlberg，therewaslittleornopursuit；throughthewoodtheArmy，allinchaos，butwithoutmolestationotherwise，madeforitsOderBridgesbythewayithadcome。[Tempelhof，iii。179—200；Retzow，ii。80—115:
inSeyfarth，Beylagen，ii。589—598，
Berichtvonderam12August，1759beyKunersdorfvorgefallenenSchlacht（Official）；andIB。598—603，
Beschreibungder&c。（byaPrivateHand）:lucidlyaccurateboth。]
Friedrichwasamongthelasttoquittheground。Heseemedstupefiedbytheexcessofhisemotions；innohastetogo；
uncertainwhetherhewouldgoatall。Hisadjutantswereabouthim，andasmallpartyofZiethenHussarsunderCaptainPrittwitz。
WildswarmsofCossacksapproachedtheplace。\"PRITTWITZ，ICHBIN
VERLOREN（Prittwitz，Iamlost）！\"remarkedhe。\"NEIN，IHRO
MAJESTAT！\"answeredPrittwitzwithenthusiasm；chargedfiercely，heandhisfew，intotheswarmsofCossacks；cutthemabout，heldthematbay，orsentthemelse—whither，whiletheAdjutantsseizedFriedrich’sbridle，andgallopedoffwithhim。AtOEtscherandtheBridges，FriedrichfoundofhislateArmynotquite3，000men。
EvenWunschisnottheretillnextmorning。WunschwithhisPartyhad，earlyintheafternoon，laidholdofFrankfurt，asordered；
madethegarrisonprisoners，blockedtheOderBridge；
poorFrankfurttremulouslythankingHeavenforhim，andforsuchanomen。InspiteoftheirWagenburgandthesePontoon—Bridges，itappears，therewouldhavebeennoretreatfortheRussiansexceptintoWunsch’scannon:Wagenburgway，latishintheafternoon，therewassuchascrambleofrunawaysandretreatingbaggage，allwasjammedintoimpassability；scarcelycouldasinglemangetthrough。
Incaseofdefeat，theRussianArmywouldhavehadnochancebutsurrenderorextermination。[Tempelhof，iii。194:inRetzow（ii。
110）issomedubioustraditionarystuffonthematter。]Atdark，however，Wunschhadsummons，sotruculentinstyle，heknewwhatitmeant；andansweringinwordsperemptorily，\"No\"withalikeemphasis，privatelygotreadyagain，andatmidnightdisappeared。
GottoReitweinwithoutaccident。
FriedrichfoundatOEtschernothingbuthutsfullofpoorwoundedmen，andtheirmiseriesandsurgeries；——hetookshelter，himself，inahut\"whichhadbeenplunderedbyCossacks\"（inthepastdays），butwhichhadfewerwoundedthanothers，andcouldbefurnishedwithsomebundlesofdrystraw。KrielehasaprettyAnecdote，withnamesandparticulars，oftwopoorLieutenants，whowerelyingonthefloor，asheenteredthishut。Theyhadlainthereformanyhours；theSurgeonsthinkingthemdesperate；whichFriedrichdidnot。\"ACHKINDER，Alas，children，youarebadlywounded，then？\"
\"JA，yourMajesty:buthowgoestheBattle？\"（Answer，evasiveonthispoint）:\"Areyoubandaged，though？Haveyoubeenletblood？\"
\"NEIN，EUERMAJESTAT，KEINTEUFELWILLUNSVERBINDEN（Notadevilofthemwouldbandageus）！\"UponwhichthereisaSurgeoninstantlybrought；reprimandedforneglect:\"Desperate，sayyou？Theseareyoungfellows；feelthathand，andthat；nofeverthere:Natureinsuchcasesdoeswonders！\"Uponwhichtheleechhadtoperformhisfunction；andthepooryoungfellowsweresaved，——anddidnewfighting，andgotnewwounds，andhadPensionswhentheWarended。
[Kriele，pp。169，170；andinalltheAnecdote—Books。]ThisappearstohavebeenFriedrich’sfirstworkinthathutatOEtscher。
HerenextisaThirdAutographtoFinkenstein，writteninthathut，probablythefirstofseveralOfficialthingsthere:——
THEKINGTOGRAFVANFINKENSTEIN（atBerlin）:ThirdNote。
OETSCHER，\"12thAugust，\"1759。
\"IattackedtheEnemythismorningabouteleven；webeathimbacktotheJUDENKIRCHHOF（JewChurchyard，\"——amistake，butnowofnomoment），\"nearFrankfurt。Allmytroopscameintoaction，andhavedonewonders。Ireassembledthemthreetimes；atlength，Iwasmyselfnearlytakenprisoner；andwehadtoquittheField。Mycoatisriddledwithbullets，twohorseswerekilledunderme；——mymisfortuneis，thatIamstillalive。Ourlossisveryconsiderable。OfanArmyof48，000men，Ihave，atthismomentwhileIwrite，notmorethan3，000together；andamnolongermasterofmyforces。InBerlinyouwilldowelltothinkofyoursafety。Itisagreatcalamity；andIwillnotsurviveit:
theconsequencesofthisBattlewillbeworsethantheBattleitself。Ihavenoresourcesmore；and，toconfessthetruth，Iholdallforlost。IwillnotsurvivethedestructionofmyCountry。
Farewellforever（ADIEUPOURJAMAIS）。——F。\"[Inorig。\"CE12，\"nootherdate（OEuvresdeFrederic，xxv。306）。]
Anotherthing，ofthesametragiccharacter，isthatofhandingoverthisArmytoFinck’scharge。OrderthereistoFinckofthattenor:andalongwithitthefollowingnotableAutograph，——aFriedrichtakingleavebothofKingshipandoflife。TheAutographexists；buthasnodate，——dateoftheOrderwouldprobablybestillOETSCHER，12thAUGUST；dateoftheAutograph，REITWEIN（acrosstheRiver），nextday。
FRIEDRICHTOLIEUT。—GENERALFINCK（atOEtscherorReitwein）。
\"GeneralFinckgetsadifficultcommission；theunluckyArmywhichIgiveuptohimisnolongerinconditiontomakeheadagainsttheRussians。HaddickwillnowstartforBerlin，perhapsLoudontoo；
ifGeneralFinckgoafterthese，theRussianswillfallonhisrear；ifhecontinueontheOder，hegetsHaddickonhisflank（SO
KRIGTERDENHADEKDISSSEIT）:——however，Ibelieve，shouldLoudongoforBerlin，hemightattackLoudon，andtrytobeathim:this，ifitsucceeded，wouldbeastandagainstmisfortune，andholdmattersup。Timegainedismuch，inthesedesperatecircumstances。
ThenewsfromTorgauandDresden，CopermySecretary（COPERMEIN
SEGRETER，\"kindoflieutenanttoEichel[SeePreuss，i。349，iii。
442。]）\"willsendhim。You（ER）mustinformmyBrother[PrinceHenri]ofeverything；whomIhavedeclaredGeneralissimooftheArmy。Torepairthisbadluckaltogetherisnotpossible:butwhatmyBrothershallcommand，mustbedone:——theArmyswearstomyNephew[Kinghenceforth]。
\"Thisisalltheadvice，intheseunhappycircumstances，Iaminaconditiontogive。HadIstillhadresources，Iwouldhavestayedbythem（SOWEHREICHDARBEIGEBLIEBEN）。
\"FRIEDRICH\"
[ExactCopy，twoexactcopies，inPREUSS（i。450，andagain，ii。215）。]
Allthisdone，theweariedFriedrichflunghimselfintohistrussofdrystraw；andwasseensoundasleepthere，asinglesentryatthedoor，bysomehighGeneralsthatventuredtolookin。OnthemorrowhecrossedtoReitwein；byto—morrownight，therehad23，000
ofhisfugitivescomeintohim；——butthisisnowtobeFinck’saffair，nothis！Thatday，too（forthePaperseemstobemisdated），hesigned，anddespatchedtoSchmettau，CommandantinDresden，aMissive，whichprovedmorefatalthaneitheroftheothers；andbrought，orhelpedtobring，verybitterfruitsforhim，beforelong:——
TOLIEUTENANT—GENERALVONSCHMETTAU（atDresden）。
\"REITWEIN，14th[probably13th]August，1759。
\"YouwillperhapshaveheardoftheCheck[L’ECHEC，Kunersdorftowit！]IhavemetwithfromtheRussianArmyonthe13th[12th，ifyouhavetheAlmanacathand]ofthismonth。ThoughatbottomouraffairsinregardtotheEnemyherearenotdesperate，IfindI
shallnotnowbeabletomakeanydetachmentforyourassistance。
ShouldtheAustriansattemptanythingagainstDresden，therefore，youwillseeiftherearemeansofmaintainingyourself；
failingwhich，itwillbehooveyoutotryandobtainafavorableCapitulation，——towit，Libertytowithdraw，withthewholeGarrison，Moneys，Magazines，HospitalandallthatwehaveatDresden，eithertoBerlinorelse—whither，soastojoinsomeCorpsofmyTroops。
\"Asafitofillness[MALADIE，alas！]hascomeonme，——whichIdonotthinkwillhavedangerousresults，——IhaveforthepresentleftthecommandofmyTroopstoLieutenant—GeneralvonFinck；
whoseOrdersyouaretoexecuteasifcomingtoyoudirectlyfrommyself。OnthisIprayGodtohaveyouinhisholyandworthykeeping。——F。\"[Preuss，ii。Urkundenbuch，
p。43。]
AtBerlin，onthis13th，——withtheFiveCourierscominginsuccessively（andnotintheorderoftheirdespatch，butthefatalFiftharrivingsometimeAHEADoftheFourth，whostillspokeofprogressandvictory），——therewassuchadayasSulzer（ACHMEIN
LIEBERSULZER！）hadneverseenintheworld。\"’Above50，000humanbeingsonthePalaceEsplanadeandstreetsabout；’swayinghitherandthither，inagonyofexpectation，inalternateparoxysmofjoyandofterrorandwoe；oftenenoughtheoppositeparoxysmssimultaneousinthedifferentgroups，andmencrusheddownindespairmetbymenleapingintotheairforverygladness:\"Sulzer（whosesympathyisofveryaesthetictype）\"wouldnot，foranyconsideration，havemissedsuchascene。\"[BriefederSchweitzerBodmer，Sulzer，Gessner；ausGleim’sliterarischenNachlasse:herausgegebenvonWilhelmKorte（Zurich，1804），pp。316—319。]The\"scene\"ismuchobligedtoyou，MEINLIEBER！——
Practicallywefind，inRodenbeck，orstragglingelsewhere，thisNote:\"OnthedayafterKunersdorf，QueenandCourtflytoMagdeburg:thisistheirsecondflight。TheirfirstwasonHaddick’sVisit，October，1757；butafterRossbachtheysoonreturned，andBerlinandtheCourtwerethenextremelygay:
differentgentlemen，FrenchandothersofeveryNation，fallenprisoners，madetheQueen’ssoireesthefinestintheworldforsplendorandvariety，atthattime。\"[Rodenbeck，i。390；&c。&c。]
OneotherNotewesave，forthesakeofpoorMajorKleist，\"PoetoftheSpring，\"ashewasthencalled。Avaliant，punctualSoldier，andwithaturnforLiteratureaswell；whowrotereallypleasantfinethings，newatthattimeandrapturouslywelcome，thoughtoomuchinthesentimentalveinforthetimeswhichhavefollowed。
MajorKleist，——thereisaGeneralKleist，aColonelKleistoftheGreenHussars（calledGRUNEKleist，aterriblecuttingfellow）:——
thisisnotGruneKleist；thisisthePoetofTHESPRING；
whosefateatKunersdorfmadeatragicimpressioninallintelligentcirclesofTeutschland。HereisKriele’sNote（abridged）:——
\"ChristianEwaldvonKleist，’PoetoftheSpring’[aPommerngentleman，nowinhisforty—fourthyear]，wasofFinck’sDivision；
hadcomeon，afterthoseEightBattalionstookthefirstRussianbattery[thatis，Muhlberg]；andhadbeenassisting，withzeal，atthetakingofthreeotherbatteries，regardlessoftwelvecontusions，whichhegraduallygot。Atthethirdbattery，hewasfartherbadlyhurtontheleftarmandtheright。TookhisColonel’splacenevertheless，whomhenowsawfall；ledtheregimentMUTHIGforwardonthefourthbattery。Acase—shotsmashedhisrightlegtopieces；hefellfromhishorse[hournotgiven，shallwesay3P。M。]；sank，exclaiming:’KINDER，Mychildren，don’tforsakeyourKing！’andfaintedthere。Wascarriedtorearandleftward；laiddownonsomedryspotintheElsbruch，notfarfromtheKuhgrund，andaSurgeonbrought。TheSurgeon，whileexamining，wastornawaybycase—shot:Kleistlaybleedingwithouthelp。
Afriendofhis，Pfau[whotoldKriele]，oneofFinck’sGenerals，cameridingthatway:Kleistcalledtohim；askedhowtheBattlewent；uncommonlygladtohearwearestillprogressive。
Pfauundertook，andtriedhisutmost，foracarriagetoKleist；
didsendoneofFinck’sowncarriages；butaftersuchdelaysthatthePrussianswerenowyielding:poorKleist’shadbecomeRussianground，andthecarriagecouldnotgetin。
\"Kleistlayhelpless；noluckworsethanhis。Intheevening，Cossackscameroundhim；stripthimstark—naked；threwhim，faceforemost，intothenearestswampyplace，andwenttheirway。OneofthesedevilshadsomethingsoabsurdandTeniers—likeinthefaceofhim，thatKleist，inhispains，couldnothelplaughingatremembranceofit。InthenightsomeRussianHussars，humanandnotCossack，foundKleistinthissituation；tookhimtoadryplace；
putacloakoverhim，kindledawatch—fireforthemselves，andgavehimwaterandbread。Towardsmorningtheyhastenedaway，throwingan8—GROSCHENSTUCK[ninepennypiece，shilling，sayhalf—crown]onhiscloak，——withhumanfarewell。ButCossacksagaincame；
againstripthimnakedandbare。Towardsnoonofthe13th，KleistcontrivedtoattractsomeRussianCavalrytrooppassingthatway，andgotspeechoftheCaptain（oneFackelberg，aGerman）；whoatoncesetabouthelpinghim；——andhadhimactuallysentintoFrankfurt，inacarriage，thatevening。TotheHouseofaProfessorNikolai；wherewasplentyofsurgeryandwatchfulaffection。
Afternearthirtyhoursofsuchalair，hiswoundsseemedstillcurable；therewashopefortendays。Inthetenthnight（22d—23dAugust），theshiveredpiecesofbonedisunitedthemselves；cutanartery，——which，aftermanytrials，couldnotbetied。August24th，attwointhemorning，hedied。——Greatsorrow。August26th，therewassoldier’sfuneral；poorKleist’scoffinbornebytwelveRussiangrenadiers；verymanyRussianOfficersattending，whohadcomefromtheCampforthatend；oneRussianStaff—Officerofthemunbucklinghisownswordtolayonthebier，astherewaswantofone。
KingFriedrichhadKleist’sPortraithungintheGarnisonKirche。
FreemasonLodge，in1788，setupamonumenttohim，\"[Kriele，pp。
39—43。]——whichstillstandsontheFrankfurtpavement，andisnowinsadlyruinousstate。
ThePrussianloss，inthisBattle，was，besidesallthecannonandfield—equipages:6，000killed，13，000wounded（ofwhichlatter，2，000badly，whofelltotheRussiansasprisoners）；inall，about19，000men。NorwastheRussianlossmuchlighter；ofRussiansandAustrianstogether，near18，000，asTempelhofcounts:\"whichwillnotsurpriseyourMajesty，\"reportsSoltikoftohisCzarina；
\"whoareawarethattheKingofPrussiasellshisdefeatsatadearrate。\"AndprivatelySoltikofwasheardtosay，\"LetmefightbutanothersuchVictory，andImaygotoPetersburgwiththenewsofitmyself，withthestaffinmyhand。\"ThejoyatPetersburg，strivingnottobebraggartorimmodest，wassolemn，steadyandsuperlative:agreatfeatindeedforRussia，thisVictoryoversuchaKing，——thoughakindofgrudge，thatitwasduetoLoudon，dwelt，inspiteofLoudon’spoliticsilenceonthatpoint，unpleasantlyinthebackground。Thechasetheyhadshamefullyneglected。Itissaid，certainRussianOfficers，whohadchargeofthatbusinesssteptintoapeasant’scottagetoconsultonit；contrivedsomehowtofindtolerableliquorthere；andsatdrinkinginstead。[Preuss，ii。217。]
ChapterV。
SAXONYWITHOUTDEFENCE:SCHMETTAUSURRENDERSDRESDEN。
Friedrich’sdespairdidnotlastquitefourdays。Onthefourthday，——dayafterleavingReitwein，——thereisthislittleDocument，whichstillexists，ofmorecomfortabletenor:\"MydearMajor—
GeneralvonWunsch，——YourLetterofthe16thtoLieutenant—GeneralvonFinckpunctuallyarrivedhere:andforthefuture，asIamnowrecoveredfrommyillness，youhavetoaddressyourReportsdirectlytoMyself。——F。\"[\"Madlitz，\"ontheroadtoFurstenwalde，\"17thAugust:\"inPreuss，FriedrichderGrosse；einehistorischePortrait—Skizze（kindofLECTURE，soletuscallit，ifagaincitingit；Lecturedelivered，onFriedrich’sBirthday，toMajestyandStaff—OfficersasAudience，Berlin，24thJanuary，1855），p。18。]Findingthat，exceptTottlebenwarilyreconnoitringwithafewCossacks，noRussiansshowedthemselvesatReitwein；thattheRussianswereencampingandintrenchingontheWine—HillssouthofFrankfurt，notmeaninganythingimmediate，——hetookheartagain；rankedhis23，000；sentforGeneralKleistfromPommernwithhisAnti—Swedishhandful（leavetheSwedesalone，asusualintimeofcrisis）；consideredthatartilleriesandfurnishingscouldcometohimfromBerlin，whichisbut60miles；
thattherestilllaypossibilityahead，andthat，thoughonlyamiraclecouldsavehim，hewouldtryittotheverylast。
Agreatrelief，thisofcomingtooneselfagain！\"Tilldeath，then；——rageon，yeelementsandblacksavageries！\"Friedrich’shumorisnotdespondent，noworafterwards；thoughatthistimeitisverysad，veryangry，and，asitwere，scorningeventohope:
butheisatalltimesofbeautifullypracticalturn；andhas，inhisverydespair，asobrietyofeyesight，andafixedsteadinessofholdingtohispurpose，whichareofrarequality。HisutterancestoD’Argens，aboutthistimeandonward，——briefhints，spontaneous，almostunconscious，——givecurioustestimonyofhisgloomsandmoodyhumors。Ofwhichthereadershallseesomething。Forthepresent，heisindeepindignationwithhispoorTroops，amongothermiseries。\"Actualrunningaway！\"hewillhaveittobe；andtakesnoaccountofthirst，hunger，heat，utterwearinessandphysicalimpossibility！Thislastsforsomeweeks。Butingeneralthereisnothingofthisinjusticetothoseabouthim。Ingeneral，nothingevenofgloomismanifested；onthecontrary，cheerfulness，briskhope，astrangelycontinualsuccessionofhopes（mostlyillusory）；
——though，within，thereistraceableverygreatsorrow，wearinessandmisery。Afixeddarkness，asofErebus，isgrownhabitualtohim；butisstrictlyshutup，littleofitshowntoothers，oreven，inasense，tohimself。HeisasatravellerovertakenbytheNightanditstempestsandrain—deluges，butrefusingtopause；
whoiswettedtothebone，anddoesnotcarefartherforrain。
Atravellergrownfamiliarwiththehowlingsolitudes；awarethattheStorm—windsdonotpity，thatDarknessisthedeadEarth’sShadow:——amostlonesoulofaman；butcontinuallytoilingforward，asifthebrightestgoalandhavenwerenearandinview。
OncemoretheworldwascertainofFriedrich’sruin；——Friedrichhimselfwehaveseencertainofit，forsomefewdesperatehours:——
buttheworldandhe，ashadbeenrepeatedlytheworld’scase，werebothdisappointed。IntrinsicallytherecouldbelittledoubtbutFriedrich’senemiesmightnowhaveruinedhim，hadtheybeendiligentaboutit。Nowagain，andnowmorethanever，theyhavethewinning—postinsight。Atsmalldistanceisthegoalandpurposeofallthesefouryears’battlingsandmarchings，andtenyears’
subterraneanplottingsandintriguings。Hehimselfsaysdeliberately，\"Theyhadonlytogivehimthefinishingstroke（COUP—DE—GRACE）。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，
v。20。]Buttheynevergavehimthatstroke；couldnotdoit，thoughheartilydesirous。Whichwas，andis，matterofsurprisetoanobservantpublic。
Thecauseoffailuremaybeconsideredtohavebeen，ingoodpart，Daunandhiscunctations。Daun’szealwasunquestionable；
ardentandcontinualisDaun’sdesiretosucceed:buttotryitathisownriskwasbeyondhispower。Heexpectedalwaystosucceedbyhelpofothers:andtoshowthemanexample，andgovigorouslytoworkhimself，waswhathenevercouldresolveon。CouldplayonlyFabiusCunctator，itwouldseem；andneverwasthatpartlesswantedthannow！UndersuchaChiefFigure，the\"incoherencyofaction，\"insteadofdiminishing，asFriedrichhadfeared，rosedailytowardsitsmaximum；andlatterlybecameextreme。TheoldLerneanHydrahadmanyheads；buttheybelongedalltoonebody。
ThemanyheadsofthisAnti—FriedrichHydrahadwithaleachitsownbody，andseparatesetofnotionsandadvantages。Friedrichwasatleastaunity；hiswholestrengthgoingoneway，andatallmoments，underhisownsolecommand。Thevalueofthiscircumstanceisincalculable；thisisthesaving—clauseofPittandhisEngland（Pittalsoadespoticsovereign，thoughatemporaryone）；
this，secondonlytoFriedrich’sgreatgiftsfromNature，andthenobleusehemakesofthem，isaboveallothersthecircumstancethatsavedhiminsuchaduelwiththeHydras。
OnthebackofKunersdorf，accordingly，therewasnotonlynofinishingstrokeuponFriedrich，butfortwomonthsnostrokeorseriousattemptwhateverinthoseneighborhoodswhereFriedrichis。
TherearefourArmieshereabouts:TheGrandRussian，hangingbyFrankfurt；FriedrichatFurstenwalde（whitherwardhemarchedfromReitweinAugust16th），atFurstenwaldeorfarthersouth，guardingBerlin；——then，unhurtyetbybattleofanykind，therearetheGrandDaunishorMark—LissaArmy，andPrinceHenri’sofSchmottseifen。OfwhichlatterTwothehitchingsandmanoeuvringsfromtimetotimebecomevivid，andneveraltogethercease；butinnocasecometoanything。Abovetwomonths’scientificflourishingofweapons，strategiccounter—dancing；butnostrokestruck，orresultachieved，exceptonDaun’spartirreparablewasteoftime:——
allreaderswouldfeelitinhumantobeburdenedwithanynoticeofsuchthings。OnemarchofPrinceHenri’s，whichwasofafamousanddecisivecharacter，wewillattendto，whenitcomes，thatis，weretheendofSeptemberathand；therestmustbeimaginedasageneralstrategicdanceinthosefrontierparts，——Silesiatorearwardononeside，theLausitzandFrankfurtontheother，——andmustgoon，silentlyformostpart，inthebackgroundofthereader’sfancy。Indeed，Saxonyisthesceneofaction；
Friedrich，Henri，Soltikof，Daun，comparativelyinactiveforthenextsixweeksandmore。
SomedaysbeforeKunersdorf，Daunpersonally，withIwillforgethowmanythousands，hadmadeamovetonorthwardfromMark—Lissa，60milesorso，throughSaganCountry；andliesaboutPriebus，waitingthereeversince。Priebusissome40milesnorthofGorlitz，about60westofGlogau，southofFrankfurt80。ThisiswheretheMaster—Smith，havingvariousironsinthefire，maybehandiestforclutchingthemout，andforgingatthem，astheybecomesuccessivelyhot。Daun，asMaster—Smith，hasatleastthreeobjectsinview。TheFIRSTis，asalways，ReconquestofSilesia:
thisisobstructedbyPrinceHenri，whosits，watchfulonthethreshold，atSchmottseifenyonder。TheSECONDis，aslastyear，CaptureofDresden:whichismuchthemorefeasibleatpresent，——
therebeing，excepttheGarrisons，noPrussianforcewhateverinSaxony；andaReichsArmynowactuallythereatlast，afteritslonghagglingaboutitsMagazines；andaboveall，aFriedrichwithhishandsfullelsewhere。TokeepFriedrich’shandsfull，——inotherwords，tokeeptheRussiansstickingtohim，——thatistheTHIRD
object:orindeedwemaycallitthefirst，secondandthird；
forDauniswellawarethatunlessSoltikofcanmanagetokeepFriedrichbusy，Silesia，Saxonyandallelsebecomesimpossible。
EversincethefortunatejunctionofLoudonwithSoltikof，Daunhassat，andstillsits，expectant；elaboratelycalculative，gatheringMagazinesindifferentparts，plantingout—parties，thisway，thatway，withaneyetothesethreeobjects，alloreach，——especiallytothethirdobject，whichhediscernstobeallANDeach。Daunwaselaboratelycalculativewiththeseviews:buttotryanymilitaryaction，uponPrinceHenriforexample，orbestirhimselfotherwisethanindrivingprovenderforward，andmarchingdetachmentshitherandthithertothepotentiallyfitandfittestposts，wasnotinDaun’sway，——somuchtheworseforDaun，inhispresentcourseofenterprise。
PrinceHenrihadlainquietatSchmottseifen，waitinghisBrother’sadventure；didnotheartheleasttidingsofhimtillsixdaysafterKunersdorf，andthenonlybyrumor；hideous，and，thoughstilldubious，toomuchofitprobable！OntheverydayofKunersdorf，Henrihadbeguneffectingsomeimprovementsonhisrightflank，——alwaysasharplystrategic，mostexpertcreature，——
andmadeagreatmanymotions，whichwouldbeunintelligiblehere。
[Detailed，everyfibreofthem（asisthesoul—confusingcustomthere），inTempelhof，iii。228etseq。]Henrifeelsnowthatuponhimliesaworldofduties；andforemostofall，theinstantdutyofendeavoringtoopencommunicationwithhisBrother。
Manymarches，inconsequence；muchintricatemarchingandmanoeuvringbetweenDaunandhim:ofwhich，whenwecometoHenri’sgreatMarch（of25thSeptember），theremaybeagainsomehint。
Forthepresent，letreaderstaketheirMap，andendeavortofixthefollowingdatesandlocalitiesintheirmind。Here，insummary，aretheKing’svariousMarches，andTwosuccessiveEncampments，twoonly，duringthoseSixWeeksofforcedinaction，whileheisobligedtostandwatchingtheRussians，andtowitnesssomanycomplicaciesanddisastersinthedistance；whichhestrugglesmuchandfruitlesslytohinderorhelp:——
ENCAMPMENT1st（Furstenwalde，August18th—30th）。FriedrichleftReitweinAUGUST16th；17th，heisatMadlitz[NotetoWunschwrittenthere，whichweread]；18th，toFurstenwalde，andencamp。
FurstenwaldeisontheSpree，straightbetweenFrankfurtandBerlin；25milesfromtheformer，35fromthelatter。Herefornearafortnight。Atfirst，muchinalarmabouttheRussiansandBerlin；
butgraduallyascertainingthattheRussiansintendnothing。
\"Ineffect，allthiswhileSoltikoflayatLossow，10milessouthofFrankfurt，withhisrightonOder；totallymotionless，inactive，exceptlistening，oftenrathergloomily，toDaun’sandMontalembert’ssuasiveeloquencesandadvices，——andonce，August22d，inthelittleTownofGuben，holdingConferencewithDaun[ofwhichbyandby]。Inconsequenceofwhich，AUGUST28th，SoltikofandhisRussiansandAustriansgotunderwayagain；southward，butonlyafewmarches:firsttoMullrose，thentoLieberose:——whom，theinstantheheardoftheirmovements，Friedrich，August30th，hastenedtofollow；buthadnottofollowveryfar。
Whereuponensues\"ENCAMPMENTSECOND（Waldau，tillSeptember15th）。AUGUST30th，Friedrich，wesay，rosefromFurstenwalde；hastenedtofollowthisRussianmovement，andkeepwithinwindofit:upthevalleyoftheSpree；firsttoMullroseneighborhood[wheretheRussians，loiteringsometime，spoiledthecanal—locksoftheFriedrich—
WilhelmCanal，ifnothingmore]，——thencetoLieberoseneighborhood；
Waldau，theKing’snewplaceofencampment，——Waldau，withSpreeForesttorearofit:silentbothpartiestillSeptember15th，whenSoltikofdidfairlymarch，nottowardsBerlin，butquiteintheoppositedirection。\"
BythemiddleofSeptember，whentheRussiansdidgetonfoot，andmovedeastward；especiallyonandafterSeptember25th，whenHenrimadehisfamousMarchwestward；thenitwillbehooveustoreturntoFriedrichandtheselocalities。ForthepresentwemustturntoSaxony，where，andnothere，thesceneofactionis。Take，farther，onlythefollowingbitsofNote，whichwillnowbereadable。
First，theseUtterancestoD’Argens；directglimpsesintotheheavy—laden，indeedhag—riddenandnearlydesperateinnermanofFriedrich，duringthefirstthreeweeksafterhisdefeatatKunersdorf:——
THEKINGTOMARQUISD’ARGENS（atBerlin）:SixNotes。
1。\"MADLITZ[roadfromReitweintoFurstenwalde]，16thAUGUST，1759。Wehavebeenunfortunate，mydearMarquis；butnot，bymyfault。Thevictorywasours，andwouldevenhavebeenacompleteone，whenourinfantrylostpatience，andatthewrongmomentabandonedthefieldofbattle。Theenemyto—dayisonmarchtoMullrose，tounitewithHaddick[nottoMullrosefortendaysyet；
HaddickhadalreadygotunitedwithTHEM]。TheRussianinfantryisalmosttotallydestroyed。Ofmyownwrecks，allthatIhavebeenabletoassembleamountsto32，000men；withtheseIampushingontothrowmyselfacrosstheenemy’sroad，andeitherperishorsavetheCapital。Thatisnotwhatyou[youBerliners]willcalladeficiencyofresolution。
\"FortheeventIcannotanswer。IfIhadmorelivesthanone，I
wouldsacrificethemalltomyCountry。Butifthisstrokefail，I
thinkIamclear—scoreswithher，andthatitwillbepermissibletolookalittletomyself。Therearelimitstoeverything。
Isupportmymisfortune；couragenotabatedbyit:butIamwellresolved，afterthisstroke，ifitfail，toopenanoutgateformyself[thatsmallglasstubewhichneverquitsme]，andnolongerbethesportofanychance。\"
2。Furstenwalde，20thAUGUST……\"RemainatBerlin，orretiretoPotsdam；inalittlewhiletherewillcomesomecatastrophe:itisnotfitthatyousufferbyit。Ifthingstakeagoodturn，youcanbebacktoBerlin[fromPotsdam]infourhours。Ifill—luckstillpursueus，gotoHanoverortoZelle，whereyoucanprovideforyoursafety。
\"Iprotesttoyou，thatinthislateActionIdidwhatwashumanlypossibletoconquer；butmypeople\"——Oh，yourMajesty！
3。FURSTENWALDE，21stAUGUST……\"TheenemyisintrenchinghimselfnearFrankfurt；asignheintendsnoattempt。Ifyouwilldomethepleasuretocomeouthither，youcaninallsafety。Bringyourbedwithyou；bringmyCookNoel；andIwillhaveyoualittlechamberready。Youwillbemyconsolationandmyhope。\"——
Thisday，——letreadersmarkthecircumstance，——Friedrich，inbetterspirits，detachesWunschwithsomepoor6，000，totryifhecanbeofhelpinSaxony；wheretheReichsArmy，nowarrivedinforce，andwithnothingwhateverinthefieldagainstthem，istakingalltheNorthwardGarrison—Towns，andotherwiseproceedingatahighrate。
ToopossiblywithaneyetowardsDresdenitself！WunschsetsoutAugust21st。[Tempelhof，iii。211。]AndweshallhearofhiminthoseSaxonCountriesbeforelong。
4。FURSTENWALDE，22dAUGUST。\"YesterdayIwrotetoyoutocome；
butto—dayIforbidit。DaunisatKotbus；heismarchingonLubenandBerlin[nothinglikesorash！]。——FlytheseunhappyCountries！——
ThisnewsobligesmeagaintoattacktheRussiansbetweenhereandFrankfurt。Youmayimagineifthisisadesperateresolution。Itisthesolehopethatremainstome，ofnotbeingcutofffromBerlinontheonesideortheother。Iwillgivethediscouragedtroopssomebrandy\"——alas！——\"butIpromisemyselfnothingofsuccess。
Myoneconsolationis，thatIshalldieswordinhand。\"
5。SAMEPLACEANDDAY（afteraLetterFROMD’Argens）。\"Youmakethepanegyric，MONCHER，ofanArmythatdoesnotdeserveany。
Thesoldiershadgoodlimbstorunwith，nonetoattacktheenemy。
[Alas，yourMajesty；afterfifteenhoursofsuchmarchingandfighting！]
\"ForcertainIwillfight；butdon’tflatteryourselfabouttheevent。Ahappychancealonecanhelpus。Go，inGod’sname，toTangermunde[sincetheRoyalFamilywent，D’ArgensandmanyBerlinersarethinkingofflight]，toTangermunde，whereyouwillbewell；andwaittherehowDestinyshallhavedisposedofus。
Iwillgotoreconnoitretheenemyto—morrow。Nextday，ifthereisanythingtodo，wewilltryit。ButiftheenemystillholdstotheWine—HillsofFrankfurt，Ishallneverdaretoattackhim。
\"No，thetormentofTantalus，thepainsofPrometheus，thedoomofSisyphus，werenothinglikewhatIsufferforthelasttendays[fromKunersdorftillnow，whendestructionhastobewardedoffagain，andtheforcewanting]。Deathissweetincomparisontosuchalife。Havecompassiononmeandit；andbelievethatIstillkeeptomyselfagreatmanyevilthings，notwishingtoafflictordisquietanybodywiththem；andthatIwouldnotcounselyoutoflytheseunluckyCountries，ifIhadanyrayofhope。
Adieu，MONCHER。\"
Fourdaysafter，AUGUST25th，fromthissameFurstenwalde，theRussiansstillcontinuingstagnant，FriedrichdespatchestoSchmettau，CommandantofDresden（bysomeindustrioushand，fortheroadsareallblocked），aSecondLetter，\"ThatDresdenisofthehighestmoment；thatincaseofSiegethere，relief[Wunsch，namely，andperhapsmorethatmayfollow]isontheroad；andthatSchmettaumustdefendhimselftotheutmost。\"LetushopethisSecondMissivemaycounteractthetoodespondentFirst，whichwereadabove，shouldthathaveproduceddiscouragementinSchmettau！
[SecondLetterisgiveninSchmettau’sLeben，
pp。436，437。]——D’ArgensdoesruntoWolfenbuttel；staystheretillSeptember9th。NothingmorefromFriedrichtill4thSeptember，whenmattersarewellcooledagain。
6。WALDAU，4thSEPTEMBER。\"IthinkBerlinisnowinsafety；youmayreturnthither。TheBarbarians[Russians]areintheLausitz；
Ikeepbythesideofthem，betweenthemandBerlin，sothatthereisnothingtofearfortheCapital。Theimminencyofdangerispast；buttherewillstillbemanybadmomentstogetthrough，beforereachingtheendoftheCampaign。These，however，onlyregardmyself；nevermindthese。Mymartyrdomwilllasttwomonthsyet；thenthesnowsandtheiceswillendit。\"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xix。78，82，83，85，86。]
ThusatFurstenwalde，thenatWaldau，keepingguard，forlornbutresolute，againsttheintrusiveRussian—Austriandeluges，Friedrichstandspainfullyvigilantandexpectant，——stillforaboutafortnightmore。Withbadnewscomingtohimlatterly，asweshallhear。HeisinthoseoldmoorlandWusterhausenCountries，oncesowellknownunderfarothercircumstances。Thirtyyearsago，infineafternoons，weusedtogallopwithpoorDuhandeJandun，afterschool—tasksdone，towardsMittenwalde，Furstenwaldeandthefurzyenvirons，farandwide；athome，ourSisterandMotherwaitingwithmanytroublesandmanyloves，andPapasleeping，Pan—like，undertheshadowofhisbigtree:——Thirtyyearsago，ahme，gonelikeadreamisallthat；andthereissolitudeanddesolationandtheRussian—Austriandeath—delugesinstead！These，Isuppose，wereFriedrich’soccasionalremembrances；silentalways，inthislocalityandtime。TheSorrowsofWERTER，oftheGIAOUR，oftheDyspepticTailorinmultifariousforms，arerecordedinacopiousheart—rendingmanner，andhavehadtheirmeedofweepingfromasympatheticPublic:buttherearestillagoodfewSorrowswhichliewraptinsilence，andhaveneverappliedthereforanidletear！——LetuslooknowintoDaun’ssideofthings。
DAUM，AFTERNEGOTIATION，HASANINTERVIEWWITHSOLTIKOF（atGuben，August22d）。——\"Daun，whohadmovedtoPriebus，withaviewtobenearerSoltikof，hadscarcelygothistentpitchedthere{August13th），whenabreathlesshorsemanrodein，withaNotefromLoudon，datedthenightbefore:’KingofPrussiabeaten，totheverybone，beyondmistakethistime，——utterlyruined，ifonemayjudge！’
WhatavisionofthePromisedLand！DelightedDaunmovesforward，onemarch，toTriebelonthemorrow；tobeonemarchnearerthesceneofglory，andendeavortoforgethisbiggestofthehotironstoadvantage。
\"AtTriebelSoltikof’sownaccount，elucidatedbyoralmessengers，eye—witnesses，and，inshort，completeconspectusofthisevermemorableVictory，awaitthedelightedDaun。Whodespatchesmessengers，oneandanother；Lacy，thefirst，notsucceedingquite:
TocongratulatewithenthusiasmthemostillustriousofGenerals；
whohasbeatenKingFriedrichasnoneelseeverdidorcould；
beatentotheedgeofextinction；——especiallytourgehimupontramplingoutthisnearlyextinctKing，beforehegleamupagain。
Soltikofunderstandsthecongratulationsverywell；butastothatoftramplingout，snortsanindignantnegative:’Nay，you，whydon’tyoutryit？SurelyitismoreyourbusinessthanmyImperialMistress’sormine。Wehavewrenchedtwovictoriesfromhimthisseason。KayandKunersdorfhavekillednearthehalfofus:goyouin，andwrenchsomething！’ThisisSoltikof’slogic；whichnomessengerofDaun’s，Lacyoranother，aidedbyneversuchmelodiesandsuasionsfromMontalembertandLoudon，whoarepermanentlydiligentthatway，canshake。
\"Andtrulyitisirrefragable。HowcanDaun，ifhimselfmerelyspeculative，calculative，hopethatSoltikofwillcontinueacting？
Menwhohavecometohelpyouinaheavyjobofworkneedexample。
Ifyouwishmetoweep，begrievedyourselffirstofall。
Soltikofangrilywipeshiscountenanceatthispoint，andinsistsonafewtearsfromDaun。Withoutmetaphor，Soltikofhasshotawayallhispresentammunition，hisstaffofbreadisquiteprecariousintheseparts；andSoltikofthinksalways，’Isitmybusiness，then，orisityours？’
\"SoltikofhasintrenchedhimselfontheWine—HillsatLossow，comfortablyoutofFriedrich’sway，andcontiguoustoOderandtheprovision—routes；sitsthere，angrilydeaftothevoiceofthecharmer；nothingtobecharmedoutofhim，butgustsofindignation，insteadofconsent。Aproud，high—going，indignantkindofman，withawillofhisown。Andseeswellenoughwhatiswhat，inallthissymphonyoftheLacys，theMontalembertsandsurroundingadorers。Montalembert，whoisherethisseason，ourFrenchbestman（unprofitableSwedesmustputupwithaninferiorhand），isextremelypersuasive，triesalltheartsofFrenchrhetoric，buteffectsnothing。’TolettheAustrianscomeinforthefinishingstroke，———Excellence，itwillbetoletthemgain，inHistory，aglorywhichisofyourearning。DaunandAustria，notSoltikofandRussia，willbesaidtohaveextinguishedthispestilentKing；whomHistorywillhavetoremember！’[Choiseul’sLetter（notDUCdeChoiseul，butCOMTE，nowMinisteratVienna）toMontalembert，\"Vienna，16thAugust；\"andMontalembert’sAnswer，\"Lieberhausen[meansLIEBEROSE]，31stAugust，1759:\"inMontalembert，Correspondance，ii。58—65。]
’Withallmyheart，’answersSoltikof；’ImaketheAustriansandHistoryperfectlywelcome！Monsieur，myammunitionisinPosen；
mybreadisfallenscarce；inFrankfurtcanyoufindmeonehorsemore？’IndignantSoltikofisnottobetakenbychaff；growlsnowandthen，ifyoustirhimtothebottom:’Whyshouldwe，whoarevolunteerassistants，takealltheburdenofthework？IwillfallbacktoPosen，andhometoPolandandEastPreussen，ifthislastmuchlonger。’
\"AustriahasagooddealdisgustedtheseSoltikofsandRussianChiefOfficers；——whoarenotsostupidasAustriasupposes。
Austria’ssteadywishis，’Letthemdotheirfunctionofcat’s—pawforus；weareheretoeatthechestnuts；not，ifwecanhelpit，toburnourownpoorfingersforthem！’AftereveryCampaignhitherto，AustriahasbeeninusetoraiseeageraccusationsatPetersburg；andgettheApraxins，Fermorsintotrouble:thisisnotthewaytoconciliateRussianGeneralOfficers。Austria，taughtprobablybyDaun，nowtriestheothertack:heapsSoltikofwitheulogies，flatteries，magnificentpresents。AllwhichSoltikofaccepts，butwithafullsenseofwhattheymean。AnunmanageableSoltikof；hisansweralways，——’Yourturnnowtofightavictory！
IwillgomywaystoPosenagain，ifyoudon’t。’And，inthesecurrentweeks，inSoltikof’saudience—room，ifanybodywerecuriousaboutit，wecouldpresentaverylivelysolicitationgoingon，withanswersverygruffandnegatory。NosuasionofMontalembert，Lacy，andDaunEmbassies，backedbydiamond—hiltedswords，andsplendorofgiftsfromViennaitself，abletoprevailonthebarbarouspeople。
\"Daunatlengthresolvestogoinperson；solicitsanInterviewwiththedistinguishedRussianConqueror；getsit，meetsSoltikofatGuben，half—wayhousebetweenFrankfurtandTriebel；
selectsuiteattendingbothExcellencies（August22d）；andexertswhateverrhetoricisinhimonthebarbarousman。
Thebarbarousmanisstiffasbrass；butDauncomesintoallhisconditions:’Saxony，Silesia，——Excellenz，wehavethembothwithinclutch；suchourexquisiteanglingandmanoeuvring，inconcertwithyourimmortalvictory，whichtrulygivesthelife—breathtoeverything。Oh，sufferustoclutchthem:keepthatKingawayfromus；andseeiftheyarenotours，Saxonyfirst，Silesianext！
Provisionsofmeal？Iwillmyselfundertaketofurnishbreadforyou[thoughIhavetocartitfromBohemiaalltheway，andammyselfterriblyoff；butfixedtodotheimpossible]；rationofbreadshallfailnoRussianman，whileyouescortusasprotectivefriend。TowardsSaxonyfirst，wheretheReichsArmyis，andnotaPrussianinthefield；theveryGarrisonsmostlygonebythistime。
Dresdenistobebesieged，withinaweek；Dresdenitselfisours，ifonlyYOUplease！ComeintotheLausitzwithus，Magazinesarethere，loavesinabundance:Saxonydone，Dresdenours，cannotweturntoSilesiatogether；besiegeGlogautogether（IammyselfabouttryingNeisse，byHarschagain）；captureGlogauaswellasNeisse；andcrownthesuccessfulestcampaignthateverwas？
Oh，Excellenz——！’\"
Inaword，Excellenz，strictlyfixingthatconditionoftheloaves，consents。WillgetreadytoleavethoseFrankfurtWine—Hillsinaboutaweek。\"Buttheloaves，yourecollect:noBread，noRussian！\"DaunreturnstoTriebelavictoriousman，——thoughwithanonerousconditionincumbent。Tempelhof，minutelycomputing，findsthattocartfromBohemiasuchacipherofhumanrationsdailyintotheseparts，willsurpassallthevehiculatorypowerofDaun。
[Tempelhof，iii。225。]’
THE\"REICHSARMY\"80CALLEDHASENTEREDSAXONY，UNDERFINEOMENS；
DOESSOMEFEATSOFSIEGING（August7th—23d），——WITHANEYEONDRESDENASTHECROWNINGONE。
TheReichsArmy，thoughithadbeensotumbledabout，inSpring，withsuchhavoconitsmagazinesandpreparations，couldnotwaittorefititself，exceptsuperficially；andshowedfaceovertheMountainsalmostearlierthanusual。Thechancewassounique:
aSaxonylefttoitsmereGarrisons，——asitcontinuedtobe，forneartwomonthsthisYear。OnsuchgoldenopportunitytheReichsArmy——first，inlightmischievousprecursorparties，whoroamedasfarasHalleorevenasHalberstadt；thentheArmyitself，wellorillappointed，underGeneralissimothePrincevonZweibruck，——didcomeon，windingthroughThuringentowardstheNorthwesternTowns；
variousAustrianAuxiliary—CorpsmakingappearanceontheDresdenside。EightAustrianregiments，asapermanency，areintheReichsArmyitself。Commander，orpartCommander，oftheeightis（whataloneIfindnoteworthyinthem）\"HerrGeneralThomasvonBlonquet:\"Irishbynation，saysafoot—note；[Seyfarth，ii。
831n。]——sureenoughsomeadventurous\"ThomasPLUNKET，\"visiblethisonce，soldiering，inthosecircumstances；neverheardofbyasympatheticreaderbeforeorafter。ItwaswhiletheKingwashuntingtheHaddick—LoudonpeopleinSaganCountryinsuchvehementfashion，thatZweibruckcametrumpetingintoSaxony，——King，PrinceHenriandeverybody，welloccupiedotherwise，faraway！
TheReichsArmyhasacampatNaumburg（Rossbachneighborhood）:
andhaslighttroopsoutinHalleneighborhood；whichhaveseizedHalle；areverysevereuponHalle，andotherplacesthereabouts，tillchasedaway。August7th，theReichsArmybegirtLeipzig；
summonedtheweakgarrisonthere。ItisaTowncapableofruin，butnotofdefence:\"Free—withdrawal，\"proposestheReichsArmy，——anduponthesetermsgetsholdofLeipzig，forthetimebeing。
Leipzig，Torgau，Wittenberg；inafortnightorless，allthePrussianpostsinthosepartsfalltotheReichsArmy。