\"Togetoutofpeople’ssightatleast，\"continueshe，\"Idecidedtoleavemynativeplace，andgotoBerlin，\"250milesawayormore。\"Andsoitwasthat，onJunethe20th，1750，IlandedatBerlinforthefirsttime:andherestraightwayatthePACKHOF（orCustom—house），insearchingofmythings，400THALERS（some60
pounds），allinNurnbergBATZEN，wereseizedfromme；\"——BATZEN，quarter—groatswemaysay；7andahalfbatzengotoashilling；
whatasacktheremusthavebeenofthem，9，000inall，aboutthesizeofherring—scales，inbadsilver；fruitofLinsenbarth’ssternthriftfrombirthupwards:——allsnatchedfromhimatoneswoop。
\"Andwhy？\"sayshe，quitehistorically:Yes，Why？Thereader，tounderstanditwholly，wouldneedtoreadinMylius’s
Edicten—Sammlung，inSEYFARTHandelsewhere；[Mylius，Edictxli。，January，1744，&c。&c。]andtoknowthescandalousconditionofGermancoinageatthistimeandlongafter；everyneedylittlePotentatemixinghiscoinwithcopperatdiscretion，andswindlingmankindwithitforaseason；
needingtobeperemptorilyforbidden，confiscatedororderedhome，bythelikeofFriedrich。Linsenbarthanswershisown\"Andwhy？\"
withhistoricalcalmness:——
\"Thekinghad，some（six）yearsago，hadthebatzenutterlycrieddown（GANZUNDGAR）；theywerenottocirculateatallinhisCountries；andIwassobold，IhadbroughtbatzenhitherintotheKing’sCapital，KONIGLICHERESIDENZitself！AtthePackhof，therewasbutoneanswer，’Contraband，Contraband！’\"——Herewasawelcomeforaman。\"Imademyexcuses:Didnottheleastknow；
camestraightfromThuringen，manymilesofroad；couldnotguessthereWhatHisMajestytheKinghadbeenpleasedtoforbidinHis（THEIRO）Countries。’Youshouldhaveinformedyourself，’saidthePackhofpeople；andweredeaftosuchconsiderations。’AmancomingintosuchaResidenzTownasBerlin，withintenttoabidethere，shouldhaveinquiredalittlewhatwaswhat，especiallywhatcoinswerecrieddown，andwhatallowed，’saidtheyofthePackhof。\"
PoorLinsenbarth！\"’ButwhatamItodonow？HowamItolive，ifyoutakemyverymoneyfromme？’’Thatisyouroutlook，’saidthey；
——andadded，Hemustevenfindstowageforhisstackofherring—
scalesorbatzen，assoonasitwassealedup；’wehavenoroomforitinthePackhof！’\"foraman:Hereisaroughishwelcome\"Imustleaveallmymoneyhere；andfindstowageforit，inadayortwo。
\"Therewas，accordingly，atruck—portercalledin；heloadedmyeffectsonhisbarrow，androlledaway。HebroughtmetotheWHITE
SWANintheJUDENSTRASSE[noneofthegrandestofstreets，thatBerlinJEWRY]，threwmythingsout，anddemandedfourgroschen。
Twoofmybatzen\"2andahalfexact，\"wouldhavedone；butIhadnomoneyatall。Thelandlordcameout:seeingthatIhadastuffedfeather—bed[notetheluggageofLinsenbarth:\"FEDER—BETT，\"ofextremetenuity]，atrunkfulloflinens，abagofBooksandothertrifles，hepaidtheman；andsentmetoasmallroominthecourt—
yard[InnformsaCourt，perhapsfourstorieshigh]:’Icouldstaythere，’hesaid；’hewouldgivemefoodanddrinkinthemeanwhile。’AndsoIlivedinthisInneightweekslong，withoutoneredfarthing，inmerefearandanxiety。\"June20thPLUSeightweeksbringsustoAugust15th；VoltaireinHEIGHToffeather；
andverygreatthingsjustahead！[\"GrandCarrousel，25thAugust；\"
&c。]——ofwhichsoon。
TheWhiteSwanwasaplacewhereCarrierslodged:somelimboftheLaw，ofSubalternsort，whomLinsenbarthcalls\"DERADVOCATB。\"
（oneoftheOustedofCocceji，shallwefancy！），hadtodowithCarriersandtheirpie—powderlawsuits。AdvocatB。hadnoticedthegraydrearyCANDIDATUS，sittingsparrow—likeinremotecorners；
hadspokentohim；——undertookforaLOUISD’OR，nopurchasenopay，togetbackhisbatzenforhim。Theywentaccordingly，onemorning，to\"agrandHouse；\"itwasaMinister’s（namenotgiven），verygrandOfficialMan:heheardtheAdvocatB。’sshortstatement；
andmadeanswer:\"Monsieur，andisityouthatwillpickholesintheKing’sLaw？IhaveunderstoodyouwereratheraimingattheHAUSVOGTEI[CommonJailofBerlin]:Gooninthatway，andyouaresureofyourpromotion！\"——AdvocatB。rushedoutwithLinsenbarthintothestreet；andtherewasneitherpaynorpurchaseinthatquarter。
PoorLinsenbarthwasnextadvised，bysimpleneighbors，togodirecttotheKing；aseverypoormancan，atcertainhoursoftheday。\"WriteoutyourCase（Memorial）withextremebrevity，\"saidthey；\"nothingbuttheessentialpoints，andthoseclear。\"
Linsenbarth，steamatthehigh—pressure，composed（CONZIPIRTE）aMemorialofthatrightlaconicsort；wroteitfair（MUNDIRTEES）；——
andwentofftherewith\"atopeningoftheGates[middletimeofAugust，1750，nodatefarther），[August21st？（SeeRodenbeck，DIARY，whichweoftenquote，i。205。）]——withoutonefarthinginmypocket，inGod’sname，toPotsdam。\"Hecontinues:——
\"AndatPotsdamIwasluckyenoughtoseetheKing；myfirstsightofhim。HewasonthePalaceEsplanadethere，drillinghistroops[finetrimsandedExpanse，withthePalacetorear，andGarden—
walksandRivertofront；whereFriedrichWilhelmsat，thelastdayhewasout，andorderedJockeyPhilips’shousetobeactuallysetabout；wherethetroopsdoevolutionseverymorning；——thereisFriedrichwithcocked—hatandbluecoat；sayabout11A。M。]。
\"Whenthedrillwasover，hisMajestywentintotheGarden，andthesoldiersdispersed；onlyfourOfficersremainedloungingupontheEsplanade，andwalkedupanddown。ForfrightIknewnotwhattodo；IpulledthePapersoutofmypocket，——theseweremyMemorial，twoCertificatesofcharacter，andaThuringenPass[poorsoul]。
TheOfficersnoticedthis；camestraighttome，andsaid，’WhatlettershasHethere，then？’Ithankfullyandgladlyimpartedthewhole；andwhentheOfficershadreadthem，theysaid，’Wewillgiveyou[Him，notevenTHEE]agoodadvice，TheKingisextra—
graciousto—day，andisgonealoneintotheGarden。Followhimstraight。Thouwilthaveluck。’
\"ThisIwouldnotdo；myawewastoogreat。Theythereuponlaidhandsonme[themischievousdogs，notill—humoredeither]:
onetookmebytherightarm，anotherbytheleft，’Off，off；
totheGarden！’Havinggotmethither，theylookedoutfortheKing。Hewasamongthegardeners，examiningsomerareplant；
stoopingoverit，andhadhisbacktous。HereIhadtohalt；
andtheOfficersbegan，inunderhandtone[thedogs！]，toputmethroughmydrill:’Hatunderleftarm！——Rightfootforemost！——
Breastwellforward！——Headup！——Papersfrompouch！——Papersaloftinrighthand！——Steady！Steady！’——Andwenttheirways，lookingalwaysround，toseeifIkeptmyposture。Iperceivedwellenoughtheywerepleasedtomakegameofme；butIstood，allthesame，likeawall，beingfulloffear。TheOfficerswerehardlyoutoftheGarden，whentheKingturnedround，andsawthisextraordinarymachine，\"——telegraphfigureorwhateverwemaycallit，withpaperspointingtothesky。\"Hegavesuchalookatme，likeaflashofsunbeamsglancingthroughyou；andsentoneofthegardenerstobringmypapers。Whichhavinggot，hestruckintoanotherwalkwiththem，andwasoutofsight。Infewminutesheappearedagainattheplacewheretherareplantwas，withmyPapersopeninhislefthand；andgavemeawavewiththemTocomenearer。Ipluckedupaheart，andwentstraighttowardshim。Oh，howthriceandfour—timesgraciouslythisgreatMonarchdeignedtospeaktome！——
KING。\"’MygoodThuringian（LIEBERTHURINGER），youcametoBerlin，seekingtoearnyourbreadbyindustriousteachingofchildren；
andhere，atthePackhof，insearchingyourthings，theyhavetakenyourThuringenhoardfromyou。True，thebatzenarenotlegalhere；
butthepeopleshouldhavesaidtoyou:Youareastranger，anddidn’tknowtheprohibition；——wellthen，wewillsealuptheBagofBatzen；yousenditbacktoThuringen，getitchangedforothersorts；wewillnottakeitfromyou！——
\"’Beofheart，however；youshallhaveyourmoneyagain，andinteresttoo。——But，mypoorman，Berlinpavementisbare，theydon’tgiveanythinggratis:youareastranger；beforeyouareknownandgetteaching，yourbitofmoneyisdone；whatthen？’
\"Iunderstoodthespeechrightwell；butmyawewastoogreattosay:’YourMajestywillhavetheall—highestgracetoallowmesomething！’ButasIwassosimpleandaskedfornothing，hedidnotofferanything。Andsoheturnedaway；buthadscarcelygonesixoreightsteps，whenhelookedround，andgavemeasignIwastowalkbyhim；andthenbegancatechising:——
KING。\"’Wheredidyou（ER）study？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’YourMajesty，inJena。’
KING。\"’Whatyears？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’From1716to1720。’[\"Born1689\"（Rodenbeck，p。
474）；twenty—fivewhenhewent。]
KING。\"’UnderwhatPro—rectorwereyouinscribed？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’UnderthePROFESSORTHEOLOGIAEDr。Fortsch。’
KING。\"’WhowereyourotherProfessorsintheTheologicalFaculty？’\"
LINSENBARTH——namesfamedmen；sunknow，mostly，inthebottomlesswaste—basket:\"Buddaus\"（whodidaDICTIONARYoftheBAYLEsort，weighingfourstonetroy，outofwhichIhavelearnedmanyathing），\"Buddaeus，\"\"Danz，\"\"Weissenborn，\"\"Wolf\"（nowbackatHalleafterhistribulations，——poorman，hisimmortalSystemofPhilosophy，whereisit！）。
KING。\"’DidyoustudyBIBLICAdiligently？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’WithBuddaeus（BEYMBUDDAO）。’
KING。\"’ThatishewhohadsuchquarrellingwithWolf？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’Yea，yourMajesty！Hewas——’
KING（doesnotwanttoknowwhathewas）。\"’WhatotherusefulCoursesofLectures（COLLEGIA）didyouattend？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’TheticsandExegeticswithFortsch[HowthedeucedidFortschteachthesethings？]；HermeneuticsandPolemicswithWalch[editorofLuther’sWorks，Isuppose]；
HebraicswithDr。Danz；HomileticswithDr。Weissenborn；PASTORALE
[notPastoralPoetry，buttheArtofPastorship]andMORALEwithDr。Buddaeus。’[There，yourMajesty！——whataglimpse，asintoinfiniteextinctContinents，filledwithponderousthornyinanities，invinciblenasaldrawlingofdidacticTitans，andtheawfulattempttospin，onallmannerofwheels，road—harnessoutofsplitcobwebs:Hoom！Hoom—m—m！Harnessnottobehadonthoseterms。LetthedrearyLimbuscloseagain，tillthegeneralDayofJudgmentforallthis。]
KING（gladtogetoutoftheLimbus）。\"’WerethingsaswildthenatJena，inyourtime，asofold，whentheStudentswereforeverscufflingandruffling，andtheCoupletwent:——
\"WerkommtvonJenaungeschlagen，DerhatvongrossenGluckzusagen。
\"HethatcomesfromJenaSINEBELLO，Hemaythinkhimselfaluckyfellow\"？’
LINSENBARTH。\"’Thatsortoffollyisgonequiteoutoffashion；
andamancanleadasilentandquietlifethere，justasatotherUniversities，ifhewillattendtotheDIC，CURHIC？[orknowwhathisrealerrandis]。InmytimetheirSereneHighnesses，theNursing—fathersoftheUniversity（NUTRITORESACADEMIAE），——oftheErnestineLine[Weimar—GothaHighnesses，thatis]，wereinthehabitofhavingtheRufflers（RENOMISTEN），Renownersastheyarecalled，whomadesomuchdisturbance，senttoEisenachtolieintheWartburgawhile；theretheylearnedtobequiet。’
[ClockstrikesTwelve，——dinner—timeofMajesty。]
KING。\"’NowImustgo:theyarewaitingfortheirsoup’\"（andsoendsDialogueforthepresent）。’DidtheKingbidmewait？
\"WhenwegotoutoftheGarden，\"saysLinsenbarth，silentonthispoint，\"thefourOfficerswerestillthereupontheEsplanade[CaptainsofGuardbelike]；theywentintothePalacewiththeKing，\"——clearlymeaningtodinewithhisMajesty。
\"IremainedstandingontheEsplanade。Fortwenty—sevenhoursIhadnottastedfood:notafarthingINBONIS[ofprincipalorinterest]
togetbreadwith；Ihadwadedtwentymileshither，inasultrymorning，throughthesand。Notadifficultthingtokeepdownlaughterinsuchcircumstances！\"——Poorsoul；buttheRoyalmindishumantoo。——\"Inthistremorofmyheart，therecameaKAMMER—HUSSAR
[Soldier—Valet，Valetreducedtohissimplestexpression]outofthePalace，andasked，’WhereisthemanthatwaswithmyKing（MEINEMKONIG，——THYKingparticularly？）intheGarden？’Ianswered，’Here！’AndheledmeintotheSchloss，toalargeRoom，wherepages，lackeys，andKammer—hussarswereabout。MyKammer—hussartookmetoalittletable，excellentlyfurnished；withsoup，beef；
likewisecarpdressedwithgarden—salad，likewisegamewithcucumber—salad:bread，knife，fork，spoonandsaltwereallthere[andIwithanappetiteoftwenty—sevenhours；Itoowasthere]。
Myhussarsetmeachair，said:’Thisthatisonthetable，theKinghasorderedtobeservedforyou（IHM）:youaretoeatyourfill，andmindnobody；andIamtoserve。Sharp，then，fallto！’——
Iwasgreatlyastonished，andknewnotwhattodo；leastofallcoulditcomeintomyheadthattheKing’sKammer—hussar，whowaitedonhisMajesty，shouldwaitonme。Ipressedhimtositbyme；butasherefused，Ididasbidden；satdown，tookmyspoon，andwentatitwithawill（FRISCH）！
\"Thehussartookthebeeffromthetable，setitonthecharcoaldish（tokeepithottillwanted）；hedidthelikewiththefishandroastgame；andpouredmeoutwineandbeer——[waseversuchaluckyBarmecide！]IateanddranktillIhadabundantlyenough。
Dessert，confectionery，whatIcould，——aplatefulofbigblackcherries，andaplatefulofpears，mywaiting—manwrappedinpaperandstuffedthemintomypockets，tobearefreshmentonthewayhome。AndsoIrosefromtheRoyaltable；andthankedGodandtheKinginmyheart，thatIhadsogloriouslydined，\"——HERRLICH，\"gloriously\"atlast。Poorexcellentdown—troddenLinsenbarth，one’sheartopenstohim，notone’slarderonly。
\"Thehussartookaway。AtthatmomentaSecretarycame；broughtmeasealedOrder（Rescript）tothePackhofatBerlin，withmyCertificates（TESTIMONIA），andthePass；tolddownonthetablefiveTail—ducats（SCHWANZ—DUKATEN），andaGoldFriedrichunderthem[about3pounds10s。，Ithink；betterthan10poundsofourdaytoacommonman，andbetterthan100poundstoaLinsenbarth]，——
saying，TheKingsentmethistotakemehometoBerlinagain。
\"AndifthehussartookmeintothePalace，itwasnowtheSecretarythattookmeoutagain。Andthere，yokedwithsixhorses，stoodaroyalProviant—wagon；whichhavingledmeto，theSecretarysaid:’Youpeople，theKinghasgivenorderyouaretotakethisstrangertoBerlin，andalsotoacceptnodrink—moneyfromhim。’
Iagain，throughtheHERRNSECRETARIUM，testifiedmymostsubmissivethankfulnessforallRoyalgraciousnesses；tookmyplace，androlledaway。
\"OnreachingBerlin，IwentatoncetothePackhof，straighttotheoffice—room，\"——standingmoreerectthistime，——\"andhandedthemmyRoyalRescript。TheHeadmanopenedtheseal；inreading，hechangedcolor，wentfrompaletored；saidnothing，andgaveittothesecondmantoread。Thesecondputonhisspectacles；read，andgaveittothethird。However，he[theHeadman]ralliedhimselfatlast:Iwastocomeforward，andbesogoodaswriteaquittance（receipt），’ThatIhadreceived，formy400thalersallinBatzen，thesamesuminBrandenburgcoin，readydown，withouttheleastdeduction。’Mycashwasatonceaccuratelypaid。AndthereupontheStewardwasordered，TogowithmetotheWhiteSwanintheJudenstrasse，andpaywhatIowedthere，whatevermyscorewas。
Forwhichendtheygavehimtwenty—fourthalers；andifthatwerenotenough，hewastocomeandgetmore。\"OnthesehightermsLinsenbarthmarchedoutofthePackhofforthesecondtime；
thesublimeheadofhim（notturnedeither）sweepingtheverystars。
\"ThatwaswhattheKinghadmeantwhenhesaid，\"Youshallhaveyourmoneybackandinteresttoo:’VIDELICET，thatthePackhofwastopaymyexpensesattheWhiteSwan。Thescore，however，wasonly10thaler，’4groschen，6pfennigs[30shillings，5pence，and2orperhaps3quarter—farthings]，forwhatIhadrunupineightweeks，\"——anuncommonlyfrugalrateofboard，foramanskilledinHermeneutics，Hebraics，Polemics，Thetica，Exegetics，Pastorale，Morale（andPracticalChristianityandthePhilosophyofZeno，carriedtoperfection，ornearlyso）！\"AndherewiththistroubledHistoryhaditsdesiredfinish。\"Andourgray—whiskered，raw—boned，great—heartedCandidatuslaydowntosleep，attheWhiteSwan；
probablythehappiestmaninallBerlin，forthetimebeing。
LinsenbarthdivednowintoPrivate—teaching，\"INFORMATION，\"ashecallsit；forming，andkneadingintohisownlikeness，suchoftheyoungBerlinersashecouldgetholdof:——surelynotwithoutsomegoodeffectonthem，themodelhaving，besidesHermeneuticsinabundance，somuchnaturalworthaboutit。HehimselffoundthemineofInformingaverybarrenone，astomoney:continuedpoorinahighdegree，withouthonor，withoutemolumenttospeakof；
andhadastraitened，laborious，andwhatwemightthinkverydarkLife—pilgrimage。Butthedarknesswasnothingtohim，hecarriedsuchaninextinguishablefrugalrushlightwithin。Meat，clothesandfirehedidnotagainlack，inBerlin，forthetimeheneededthem，——sometwenty—sevenyearsstill。AndifhegotnoprintedpraiseintheReviews，frombaddishjudgeswritingbythesheet，——
hereandtherebrothermortals，whoknewhimbytheirowneyesandexperiences，looked，ortransientlyspoke，andevendid，amostrealpraiseuponhimnowandthen。And，onthewhole，hecandowithoutpraise；andwillstandstrokesevenwithoutwincingorkicking，wherethereisnochance。
AcertainBerlinDruggist（\"HerrMedicinal—AssessorRose，\"whomwemaycallDruggistFirst，fortherewereTwothathadtodowithLinsenbarth）wasgoodandhumantohim。InRose’sHouse，wherehehadcometoteachthechildren，andwhichcontinued，alwaysthenceforth，ahometohimwhenneedful，hewrotethisNARRATIVE
（Anno1774）；anddiedthere，threeyearsafterwards，——\"24thAugust，1777，ofapoplexy，age88，\"saytheBurialRegisters。
[InRodenbeck，Beitrage，i。472—475，theselatterDetails（withothers，inconfusedform）；IB。462—471，theNARRATIVEitself。]DruggistSecond，onsucceedingthehumanePredecessor，foundLinsenbarth’spapersinthedrug—storesoftheplace:DruggistSecondchancedtobeoneKlaproth，famedamongtheScientificoftheworld；andbyhimtheLinsenbarthNarrativewasforwardedtopublication，andsuchfameasisrequisite。
SIRJONASHANWAYSTALKSACROSSTHESCENE，TOO；INA
PONDERINGANDOBSERVINGMANNER。
Ofthethenveryfamous\"BerlinCarrouselof1750\"weproposetosaylittle；thenowchiefinterestingpointinitbeingthatM。deVoltaireiscuriouslyvisibletousthere。Butthetruthis，theywereverygreatdaysatBerlin，thoseofAutumn，1750；
distinguishedstrangerscomeorcoming；theKinggivinghimselfuptoentertainmentofthem，toenjoymentofthem；withsuchaheartyoutburstofmagnificence，thisCarrouseltheapexofit，aswasrareinhisreign。TherewerehisSistersofSchwedtandBaireuth，withsuite，hisdearWilhelminaqueenofthescene；[\"Came8thAugust\"（Rodenbeck，205）。]therewere——ItwouldbetedioustocountwhatotherhighHerrschaftenandDurchlauchtigPersons。
Andtocrownthewhole，andentertainWilhelminaasaQueenshouldbe，therehadcomeM。deVoltaire；conqueredatlengthtous，aswehope，andtheDreamofourYouthrealized。Voltaire’sreception，July10thandeversince，hasbeenmeresplendorandkindness；
reallyextraordinary，asweshallfindfartheron。
Receptionperfectinallpoints，exceptthatofthePompadour’sComplimentsalone。\"Thatsublimecreature’scomplimentstoyourMajesty；suchherexpresscommand！\"saidVoltaire。\"JENELA
CONNAISPAS，\"answeredFriedrich，withhisclear—ringingvoice，\"Idon’tknowher；\"[VoltairetoMadameDenis，\"Potsdam，11thAugust，1750\"（OEuvres，lxxiv。184）。]——
sufficientintimationtoVoltaire，butpainfulandsurprising。
ForwhichsomediplomaticpersonsblameFriedrichtothisday；
butnotI，oranyreaderofmine。AveryproudyoungKing；inhissilentway，alwaystheprouder；andstandsinnoaweoftheDivineButterfliesandCrownedInfatuationsneversopotent，asmoreprudentpeopledo。
InaBerlinofsuchstirandsplendor，thearrivalsofSirJonasHanway，ofthe\"youngLordMalton\"（famedEarlorMarquisofRockinghamthatwillbe），orofthewittyExcellencyHanbury，areasnothing；——SirJonas’saslessthannothing。ASirJonasnoticedbynobody；buthimselftakingnote，dullworthyman；
andmentionablenowonthataccount。HereisaScrapregardinghim，notquitetobethrownaway:
\"SirJonasHanwaywasnotalwayssoextinctashehasnowbecome。
ReadersmightdoworsethanturntohisnowoldBookofTRAVELS
again，andthestrangeoldLondonitawakensforus:A’RussianTradingCompany，’fullofhopetothethenmercantilemind；
aMr。Hanwaydespatched，yearsago，asChiefClerk，inexpressiblyinterestedtomanagewell；——andmanaging，asyoumayreadatlarge。
Hasdonehisbestandutmost，allthiswhile；andhadsuchtravellingsthroughtheNaphthaCountries，sailingsontheCaspian；
suchdifficulties，successes，——ultimately，failure。OwingtoMr。
EltonandThamasKouliKhanmainly。ThamasKouliKhan——otherwisecalledNadirShah（andaveryhard—headedfellow，byallappearance）——wiledandseducedMr。Elton，anEx—Navalgentleman，awayfromhisLedgers，tobuildhimShips；havingsethisheartongettingaNavy。AndMr。Eltondidbuildhim（spiteofallIcouldsay）aBarkortwoontheCaspian；——mosthopefultothesaidNadirShah；butdiditcometoanything？Itdisgusted，italarmedtheRussians；andruinedSirJonas，——whoisreturningatthisperiod，preparedtorenderaccountofhimselfatLondon，inaloftilyresignedframeofmind。[JonasHanway，AnAccountof&c。
（orinbrief，TRAVELS:London，3vols。4to，1753），ii。183。\"ArrivedinBerlin，\"fromtheCaspianandPetersburgside，\"August15th，1750。\"]
\"TheremarksofSirJonasuponBerlin——forheexerciseseverywhereasapientobservationonmenandthings——areofdimtumidlyinsignificantcharacter，remindingusofanextinctMinerva’sOwl；
andreducethemselvesmainlytothisbitofoculartestimony，ThathisPrussianMajestyridesmuchabout，oftenatarapidrate；
withapleasantbusinessaspect，humanethoughimperative；
handsometolookupon，thoughwithfaceperceptiblyreddish[andperhapssnuffonit，wereyounear]。Hisagenowthirty—eightgone；
asetappearance，asifalreadygotintohisforties。Complexionflorid，figuremuscular，almosttendingtobeplump。
\"ListenwellthroughHanway，youwillfindKingFriedrichisanobjectofgreatinterest，personalaswellasofficial，andmuchthethemeinBerlinsociety；admirationofhim，prideinhim，notnowtheaudiblesttone，thoughitliesatthebottomtoo:
’OurFriedrichtheGreat，’afterall[soHanwayintimates，thoughnotexpressastoepithetsorwordsused]。TheKingdidabeautifulthingtoLieutenant—ColonelKeiththeotherday[assomereadersmayremember]:toLieutenant—ColonelKeith；thatpoorKeithwhowasnailedtothegallowsforhim（ineffigy），atWesellongago；
andgotfarlessthanhehadexpected。Theotherday，therehadbeenagrandReview，partofitextendingintoMadamKnyphausen’sgrounds，whoisKeith’sMother—in—law。’MonsieurKeith，’saidtheKingtohim，’IamsorrywehadtospoilMadam’sfineshrubberybyourmanoeuvres:havethegoodnesstogiveherthat，withmyapologies，’——andhandedhimaprettyCasketwithkeytoit，andintheinterior10，000crowns。NotashrubofMadam’shadbeencutorinjured；buttheKing，yousee，wouldcountit1，500poundsofdamagedone，andhereisacknowledgmentforit，whichpleaseaccept。Isnotthatagraciouslittletouch？
\"ThisKingisdoingsomethingatEmbden，SirJonasfears，ortryingtodo，intheTrade—and—Navigationway；scandalousthatEnglishcapitalistswilllendmoneyinfurtheranceofsuchdestructiveschemesbytheForeigner！Fortherest，SirJonaswenttocallonLordMalton（MarquisofRockinghamthatwillbe）:anamiableandsoberyoungNobleman，comethusfaronhisGrandTour，\"andintimefortheCarrousel。\"HisLordship’sreceptionatCourthere，oneregrettedtohear，wasnothingdistinguished；quiteindifferent，indeed，hadnottheQueen—Mothersteptinwithamendments。TheCourtsarenotwelltogether；pityforit。MyLordandhisTutordidmethehonortoreturnmyvisit；theratherasweallquarteredinthesameInn。AmiableyoungNobleman，\"——sodistinguishedsince，forhavinghadunconsciouslyanEdmundBurke，andsuchtorrentsofParliamentaryEloquence，inhisbreeches—pocket（BREECHES—POCKET
literally；howunknowntoHanway！）——\"AmiableyoungNobleman，isnotitone’sdutytosalute，inpassingsuchaone？ThoughIwouldbynomeanshaveitover—done，andamacalmlyindependentman。
\"SirJonasalsosawtheCarrousel[ofwhichpresently]；andadmiredthegreatmenofBerlin。Greatmen，allobsoletenow，thoughthenadmiredtoinfinitude，someofthem:’Youmayabuseme，’saidtheKingtosomestrangerarrivedinBerlin；’youmayabuseme，andperhapshereandtheregetpraisebydoingit:butIadviseyounottodoubtofLieberkuhn[thefashionableDoctor]inanycompanyinBerlin，’\"[Hanway，ii。190，202，&c。]——Howfashionablearemen！
OneCollini，ayoungItalian，quitenewinBerlin，chancedalsotobeattheCarrousel，oratthelatterhalfofit，——thoughbynomeansinquestofsuchobjectsjustatpresent，pooryoungfellow！
AshecameafterwardstobeSecretaryorAmanuensisofVoltaire，andwillturnupinthatcapacity，letusreadthisNoteuponhim:——
\"SignorComoAlessandroCollini，ayoungVenetiangentlemanofsomefamilyandeducation，butofnoemploymentorresource，hadinlateyearsbeenaskingzealouslyallroundamonghishomecircle，WhatamItodowithmyself？mereechoanswering，What，——tillaSignoraSisterofBarberinatheDancer’sanswered:’TryBerlin，andKingFRIDERICOILGRANDEthere？IcouldgiveyoualettertomySister！’
AtwhichCollinigrasps；getsunderwayforBerlin，——throughwildAlpinesceneries，foreigngutturalpopulations；andwithwhatthoughts，pooryoungfellow。Itisacommoncoursetotake，andsometimesanswers，sometimesnot。Thecynosureofvaguecreatures，withasenseoffacultywithoutdirection。WhatcloudsofwingedmigratorypeoplegatheringintoBerlin，allthroughthisReign。
NotsinceNoah’sArkastrangermenagerieofcreatures，mostlywild。OfwhomVoltairealoneis，inourtime，worthmention。
\"CollinigazedupontheAlpinechasms，andshaggyice—palaces，withtendermemoryoftheAdriatic；courageouslysteeredhiswaythroughtheinoffensivegutturalpopulations；hadgottoBerlin，justinthistime；beenhadtodinnerdailybythehospitableBarberinas，youngCoccejialwayshisfellow—guest，——’Privately，mypoorSignorina’sHusband！’whisperedoldMamma。BoththeBarberinaswereverykindtoCollini；cheeringhimwithgoodauguries，andoffersofhelp。Collinidoesnotdatewithanypunctuality；buttheGermanBookswilldoitforhim。August25th—27thwasCarrousel；
andCollinihadarrivedfewdaysbefore。\"[Collini，MonSejouraupresdeVoltaire（Paris，1807），pp。1—21。]
AndnowitistimewewereattheCarrouselourselves，——inabrieftransientway。
ChapterVI。
BERLINCARROUSEL，ANDVOLTAIREVISIBLETHERE。
ReadershaveheardofthePLACEDUCARROUSELatParis；andknowprobablythatLouisXIV。heldworld—famousCarrouselthere（A。D。
1662）；and，ingeneral，thatCarrouselhassomethingtodowithTourneying，ortheShadowofTourneying。Itis，infact，akindofsuperbbe—tailoredrunningatthering，insteadofbe—blacksmithedrunningatoneanother。ASecondmilderEditionofthoseTournamentsports，anddangeroustrialsofstrengthanddexterity，whichweresograndabusinessintheOldironAges。Ofwhich，intheformofCarrouselorotherwise，downalmosttothepresentday，therehavebeenexamples，amongpuissantLords；——thoughnowitisfelttohavebecomeextremelyhollow；perhapsincapableoffullyentertaininganybody，exceptchildrenandtheirnursesonahighoccasion。
Acenturyago，beforethevolcanicexplosionofsomanythingswhichithassincebecomewearisometothinkofinthisearnestworld，theTournament，emblemofanAgeofChivalry，whichwasgone:buthadnotyetdeclareditselftobequitegone，andeventobeturnedtopsy—turvy，hadstillsubstanceasamummery，——notenough，Ishouldsay，tospendmuchmoneyupon。Notmuchrealmoney:except，indeed，themoneywereofferedyougratis，fromotherpartiesinterested？SirJonaskindlyinformsus，byinsinuation，thatthiswas，toagooddegree，Friedrich’scaseinthenowCarrousel:\"athinggotupbytheprivateeffortsofdifferentgreatLordsandPrincesoftheblood；\"eachpartytailoring，harnessingandfurbishinghimselfandfollowers；
Friedrichcontributinglittlebutthearenaandgeneraloutfit。
Iknownotwhethereventhe40，000lamps（forittookplacebynight）wereofhispurchase，thoughthatislikely；andknowonlythattheSuppersandinteriorPalaceEntertainmentswouldbehis。
\"DidnotcosttheKingmuchmoney，\"saysSirJonas；whichissatisfactorytoknow。ForoftheCarrouselkind，oroftheRoyal—
Mummerykindingeneral，therehasbeen，forgracefularrangement，formagnificenceregardlessofexpense，——invitingyouramiableLordMalton，andtheidlersofallCountries，andawakeningtheraptureofGazetteers，——nothinglikeitsinceLouistheGrand’stime。
Nothing，——exceptperhapsthatCampofMuhlbergorRadowitz，whereweoncewere。Done，thisone，notattheKing’sexpensealone，butatotherpeople’schiefly:thatisanunexpectedfeature，welcomeiftrue；and，exceptforSirJonas，wouldnothavehelpedtoexplainthepuzzleforus，asitdidinthethenBerlincircles。
Muhlberg，inmyhumblejudgment，wasworthtwoofthisasaMummery；——butthemeritoriousfeatureofFriedrich’sis，thatitcosthimverylittle。
Itwas，sayallGazetteersandidleeye—witnesses，ahighlysplendidspectacle。BymuchthemosteffulgentexhibitionFriedrichevermadeofhimselfintheExpensive—Mummerydepartment:andI
couldgiveinextremedetailthephenomenaofit；but，inmercytopoorreaders，willnot。FancytheassiduoushammeringandsawingontheSchloss—Platz，amidcrowdsofgayloungers，givingcheerfulnoteofpreparation，inthoselatterdaysofAugust，1750。And，onWEDNESDAYNIGHT，25thAUGUST，lookandsee，——fortheduemomentsonly，andvaguelyenough（asinthefollowingExcerpt）:——
PALACE—ESPLANADEOFBERLIN，25thAUGUST，1750（dusksinkingintodark）:\"Underawindynocturnalsky，aspaciousParallelogram，enclosedforjoustingasatAspramontorTrebisond。Wideenougharenainthecentre；vastamphitheatreofwoodenseatsandpassages，firmcarpentryandfittedforitsbusiness，risingallround；Audience，selectthoughmultitudinous，sittingdecorousandgarrulous，saysincehalf—pasteight。Thereisroyalboxontheground—tier；andtheKinginit，King，withPrincessAmeliafortheprizes:oppositetothisisentrancefortheChevaliers，——fourseparateentrances，Ithink。Whocome，——lo，atlast！——withbreathingsandbigswellsofmusic，asResuscitationsfromtheburiedAges。
\"Theyareinfour’Quadrilles，’sotermed:Romans，Persians，Carthaginians，Greeks。FourJoustingParties，headedeachbyaPrinceoftheBlood:——withsuchasplendorofequipmentforjewels，silverhelmets，sashings，housings，aseyeneversaw。Prancingontheirgloriousbattle—steeds（sham—battle，steedsnotsham，butchampingtheirbitsasrealquadrupedswithfireintheirinterior）:——howmanyinall，Iforgottocount。Perhaps，ontheaverage，sixtyineachQuadrille，fifteenofthempracticalRitters；therestmythologicwingedstandard—bearers，blackamoors，lictors，trumpetersandshiningmelodiousphantasmsasescort，——ofthislatterkindsayinroundnumbersTwoHundredaltogether；
andofactualRittersthreescore。[Blumenthal，LifeofDeZiethen（Ziethenwasinit，andgainedaprize），i。257—263etseq。；Voltaire’sLETTERStoNieceDenis（OEuvres，lxxiv。174，179，198）；——andtwocontemporary4tosonthesubject，withDrawings&c。，whichmaywellcontinueunknowntoeveryreader。]Whorunatrings，atTurks’
heads，andatotherobjectswithdeath—doinglance；andpranceandflashandcareeralong:glorioustoseeandhear。Underproudflourishingsofdrumsandtrumpets，underburstsandbreathingsofwind—music；undertheshineofFortyThousandLamps，foroneitem。
AllBerlinandthenocturnalfirmamentlookingon，——nightrathergusty，’whichblewoutmanyofthelamps，’insinuatesHanway。
\"Aboutmidnight，BeautyintheformofPrincessAmeliadistributestheprizes；Musicfillingtheair；andhuman’EUGE’S，’andthesurvivinglamps，doingtheirbest。AfterwhichthePrincipalitiesandRitterswithdrawtotheirPalace，totheirBallsandtheirSupperofthegods；andalltheworldandhiswifegoeshomeagain，amidvariouscommentaryfromhighandlow。’JAMAIS，Never，’
murmuredonehighGentleman，oftheImpromptukind，atthePalaceSupper—table:——
’JamaisdansAtheneetdansRomeOnn’eutdeplusbeauxjours，nideplusdigneprix。
J’aivulefilsdeMarssouslestraitsdeParis，EtVenusquidonnaitlapomme。’\"
[NeverinAthensorRomeweretherebraversightsoraworthierprize:IhaveseenthesonofMars[KingFriedrich]withParis’sfeatures，andVenus[Amelia]crowningthevictorious。\"
（OEuvresdeVoltaire，xviii。320。]
AndAmphitheatreandLampslapsewhollyintodarkness，andthethinghasfinished，forthetimebeing。August27th，itwasrepeatedbydaylight:ifpossible，morecharmingthanever；butnottobespokenoffarther，underpenalties。Tobemildlyforgottenagain，everyjotandtittleofit，——exceptonesmallinsignificantiota，which，byaccident，stillmakesitremarkable。Namely，thatColliniandtheBarberinaswerethere；andthatnotonlywasVoltaireagainthere，amongthePrincesandPrincesses；butthatCollinisawVoltaire，andgivesustransientsightofhim，——thankstoCollini。Thursday，27thAugust，1750，wastheDaylightversionoftheCarrouse1；whichCollini，ifitwereofanymoment，takestohavePRECEDEDthatofthe40，000Lamps。SureenoughColliniwasthere，witheyesopen:——
\"MadamedeCocceji[soonemaycallher，thoughtheknownaliasisBarberina]hadengagedplaces；sheinvitedmetocomeandseethisFestivity。Wewent；\"andverygranditwas。\"ThePalace—Esplanadewaschanged\"bycarpentriesanddraperies\"intoavastAmphitheatre；theslopesofitfurnishedwithbenchesforthespectators，andatthefourcornersofitandatthebottom，magnificentlydecoratedboxesfortheCourt。\"VastovalAmphitheatre，theinteriorarenarectangular，withitsFourEntrances，oneforeachoftheFourQuadrilles。\"Theassemblagewasnumerousandbrilliant:alltheCourthadcomefromPotsdamtoBerlin。
\"AlittlewhilebeforetheKinghimselfmadeappearance，thererosesuddenlyamurmurofadmiration，andIheardallroundme，fromeverybody，thename’Voltaire！Voltaire！’Lookingdown，IsawVoltaireaccordingly；amongagroupofgreatlords，whowerewalkingovertheArena，towardsoneoftheCourtBoxes。Heworeamodestcountenance，butjoypainteditselfinhiseyes:youcannotloveglory，andnotfeelgratefullytheprizeattachedtoit，\"——
attainedashere。\"Ilostsightofhiminfewinstants，\"asheapproachedhisBox\"theplacewhereIwasnotpermittingfartherview。\"[Collini，MonSejour，p。21。]
ThiswasCollini’sfirstsightofthatgreatman（DECEGRAND
HOMME）。Withwhom，thankstoBarberina，hehad，inadayortwo，thehonorofanInterview（judgmentfavorable，hecouldhope）；
andbeforemanymonths，Accidentalsofavoring，theinexpressiblehonorofseeinghimselfthegreatman’sSecretary，——howfarbeyondhopeoraspiration，intheseCarrouseldays！
VoltairehadnowbeenheresomeSevenWeeks，——arrived10thJuly，asweoftennote；——after（onhisownpart）agreatdealofhaggling，hesitatingandnegotiating；whichwespareourreaders。ThepoormanhavingnowbecomeaQuasi—Widower；painfullyrallying，withhiswholestrength，towardsnewarrangements，——nowwasthetimeforFriedrichtourgehim:\"Cometome！Awayfromallthatdismalimbroglio；hither，Isay！\"TowhichVoltaireisnotinattentive；
thoughhehesitates；cannot，inanycase，comewithoutdelay；——
lingersinParis，readjustingmanythings，thepoorshipwreckedbeing，amongkindD’Argentalsandfriends。PoorIshmael，gettinggray；andhistentinthedesertsuddenlycarriedoffbyablastofwind！
TothelegalWidower，M。leMarquis，hebehavesinmoneymatterslikeaPrince；takesthatParisDomicile，intheRueTraversiere，alltohimself；institutesanewhouseholdthere，——NieceDenistobefemalepresident。NieceDenis，widowwithoutencumbrances；
whominhermarriedstate，wifetosomekindofCommissariat—
OfficeratLille，wehaveseentransientlyinthatCity，herUnclelodgingwithherashepassed。Agadding，flaunting，unreasonable，would—befashionablefemale——（aDuChateletwithoutthegraceorgenius，andwhoneverwasinlovewithyou！）——withwhompoorUnclehadabaddishlifeintimecoming。Allwhichsettled，hestilllingers。Widowed，grownoldandlessadventurous！’ThatHouseintheRueTraversiere，oncehisandAnother’s，nowhisalone，——forthetimebeing，itisprobablymorelikeaMausoleumthanaHousetohim。AndVersailles，withitssulkyTrajans，itsCrebilloncabals，whatcharmisinVersailles？HethinksofgoingtoItalyforawhile；hasneverseenthatfineCountry:ofgoingtoBerlinforawhile:ofgoingto——Infact，Berlinisclearlytheplacewherehewillland；buthehesitatesgreatlyaboutliftinganchor。
Friedrichinsists，inabright，bantering，kindlyway；\"Youwereduetomeayearago；yousaidalways，’Sosoonasthelying—inisover，Iamyours:’——andnow，whydon’tyoucome？\"
Friedrich，sincetheymetlast，hashadsomeexperiencesofVoltaire，whichhedoesnotlike。Theirroads，truly——oneadulatingTrajaninVersailles，andgrowinggreatby\"FarcesoftheFair；\"
theotherbattlingforhisexistenceagainstmenanddevils，TrajanandCompanyincluded——havelainfarapart。TheirCorrespondenceperceptiblylanguishing，inconsequence，andevenrumorsrisingonthesubject，Voltairewroteonce:\"Givemeayardofribbon，Sire[yourORDEROFMERIT，Sire]，tosilencethosevilerumors！\"
WhichFriedrich，onsuchfree—and—easyterms，hadsilentlydeclined。\"Ameddlesome，forwardkindoffellow；alwaysgettingintoscrapesandbrabbles！\"thinksFriedrich。Butisreallyanxious，nowthatthechanceoffersagain，tohavesuchaLeviteforhisPriest，theevidentpinkofHumanIntellect；andtriesvariousincitementsuponhim；——hitsatlast（Iknownotwhetherbydeviceorbyaccident）ononewhich，saytheFrenchBiographers，didraiseVoltaireandsethimunderway。
AcertainM。Baculardd’Arnaud，aconceited，foolishyoungfellow，muchpatronizedbyVoltaire，andgiventowriteverses，whichareunknowntome，hasbeen，onVoltaire’srecommending，\"LiteraryCorrespondent\"toFriedrich（ParisBook—Agentandthelike）forsometimepast；correspondingmuchwithPotsdam，inawayfoundentertaining；andisnow（April，1750）actuallygoingthither，toFriedrich’sCourt，orperhapshasgone。Atanyrate，Friedrich——byaccidentorbydevice——hadansweredsomerhymesofthisD’Arnaud，\"Yes；welcome，youngsunrise，sinceVoltaireisabouttoset！\"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xiv。95（Verses\"AD’ARNAUD，\"ofdateDecember，1749。）]Ihopeitwasbydevice；
D’Arnaudissuchasillyfellow；tooabsurd，toreckonasmorningtoanybody’ssunset。Exceptforhisinvoluntaryservice，forandagainst，inthisVoltaireJourney，hisnamewouldnotnowbementionableatall。\"Sunset？\"exclaimedVoltaire，springingoutofbed（saytheBiographers），andskippingaboutindignantlyinhisshirt:\"IwillshowthemIamnotsetyet！\"[Duvernet（Second），p。159。]AndinstantlyresolvedontheBerlinExpedition。WenttoCompiegne，wheretheCourtthenwas；tobidhisadieus；naytoaskformallytheRoyalleave，——forweareHistoriographerandtitularGentlemanoftheChamber，andKing’sservantinasense。Leavewasatoncegrantedhim，almosthuffingly；wehopenotwithtoomuchreadiness？Forthisisaticklishpoint:oneisgoingtoPrussia\"onaVisit\"merely（thoughitmaybelongish）；onewouldnothavethedoorofFranceslammedtobehindone！ThetoneatCourtdidseemalittlesuccinct，somethingalmostofsneerinit。ButfromthePompadourherselfallwasfriendly；merewitty，cheerygraciosities，and\"MyComplimentstohisMajestyofPrussia，\"——
Complimentshowansweredwhentheycametohand:\"JENELA
CONNAISPAS！\"
Inshort，M。deVoltairemadeallhisarrangements；gotunderway；
piouslyvisitedFontenoyandtheBattle—fieldsinpassing:andishere，sinceJuly10th，——inverygreatsplendor，aswesee:——onhisFifthVisittoFriedrich。Fifth；whichprovedhisLast，——andisstillextremelycelebratedintheworld。VisitmuchmisunderstoodinFranceandEngland，downtothisday。Bynomeanssortedoutintoaccuracyandintelligibility；butleftas（whatissayingagreatdeal！）probablythewastestchaosofalltheSectionsofFriedrich’sHistory。Andhas，aloneofthem，goneoverthewholeworld；beingwithalamusingtoread，andthereforewellandwidelyremembered，inthatmendaciousandsemi—intelligiblestate。Tolaythesegoblins，fullofnoise，ignoranceandmendacity，andgivesometrueoutlineofthematter，withwhatbrevityisconsistentwithdecipheringitatall，isnowoursadtask，——laborious，perhapsdisgusting；notimpossible，ifreaderswillloyallyassist。
VoltairehadtakeneveryprecautionthatthisVisitshouldsucceed，oratleastbenolosstooneoftheparties。InapreliminaryLetterfromParis，——proseandverse，oneofthecleverestdiplomaticpieceseverpenned；Letterreallyworthlookingat，cunningasthesongofApollo，Voltairesymbolicallyintimates:
\"Well，Sire，youroldDanae，poormalingeringoldwretch，iscomingtoherJove。ItisJoveshewants，nottheShowerofJove；
nevertheless\"——AndFriedrich（thankHanbury，inpart，forthatbitofknowledge）hadremittedhiminhardmoney600pounds\"topaythetollsonhisroad。\"[Walpole，i。451（\"HaditfromPrincessAmeliaherself\"）；seeVoltairetoFriedrich，\"Paris，9thJune，1750；\"
FriedrichtoVoltaire，\"Potsdam，24thMay\"（OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxiv。158，155）。]Asahighgentlemanwould；tohavedonewiththosebaseelementsofthebusiness。
Nayfurthermore，preciselytwodaysbeforethosesplendorsoftheCarrousel，Friedrich，——inanswertonewcunningcroakeriesandcontrivances（\"Sire，thisLetterfrommyNiece，whoisinconsolablethatIshouldthinkofstayinghere；\"where，findingoneselfsodivinized，oneisdisposedtostay），——hasansweredhimlikeaKing:
ByGoldKeyofChamberlain，CrossoftheOrderofMerit，andPensionof20，000francs（850pounds）ayear，——conveyedinasroyalaLetterofBusinessasIhaveoftenread；melodiousasApollo，thistoo，thoughallinbusinessprose，and，likeApollo，practicalGodoftheSUNinthiscase。[\"Berlin，23dAugust，1750\"
（OEuvresdeFrederic，xxii。255）；——VoltairetoNieceDenis，\"24thAugust\"（misprinted\"14th\"）；toD’Argental，\"28thAugust\"（OEuvresdeVoltaire，lxxiv。
185，196）。]Dated23dAugust，1750。ThisLetterofFriedrich’sI
fancytobewhatVoltairecalls，\"YourMajesty’sgraciousAgreementwithme，\"andoftenappealsto，insubsequenttroubles。NotquiteaNotarialPiece，onFriedrich’spart；butstrictlyobservedbyhimassuch。
Fourdaysafterwhich，ColliniseesVoltaireserenelyshiningamongthePrincesandPrincessesoftheworld；Amphitheatreallwhisperingwithbatedbreath，\"Voltaire！Voltaire！\"ButletushearVoltairehimself，fromtheinteriorofthePhenomenon，atthisitsculminatingpoint:——
VoltairetohisD’Argentals，——toNieceDeniseven，withwhom，ifwithnoother，heisquitewithoutreserve，inshowingthebadandthegood，——continuesradiantlyeloquentinthesefirstmonths:……\"Carrousel，twiceover；thelikeneverseenforsplendor，for[rathercopiousonthissublimity]——AfterwhichweplayedROME
SAUVEE[myAnti—Crebillonmasterpiece]，inaprettylittleTheatre，whichIhavegotconstructedinthePrincessAmelia’sAntechamber。
I，whospeaktoyou，IplayedCICERO。\"Yes；andwasmanagerandgeneralstage—kingandcontriver；beingexpertatthis，ifatanything。AndthesebeautifulTheatricalshadbegunweeksago，andstilllastedmanyweeks；[Rodenbeck，\"August—October，\"1750。]——withsuchdivineconsultings，directings，evenorderingsofthebrilliantRoyaltiesconcerned。——Duvernet（probablyonD’Arget’sauthority）informsusthat\"once，inoneoftheinter—acts，findingthesoldiersallowedhimforPretorianGuardsnottounderstandtheirbusinesshere，\"nothere，astheydidatHohenfriedbergandelsewhere，\"Voltaireshrilledvolcanicallyouttothem[happilyunintelligible）:’F————，Deviltakeit，Iaskedformen；andtheyhavesentmeGermans（J’AIDEMANDEDESHOMMES，ETL’ONM’ENVOIEDES
ALLEMANDS）！’AtwhichthePrincessesweregood—naturedenoughtoburstintolaughter。\"[Duvernet（Second），p。162，——timeprobably15thOctober。]Voltairecontinues:\"ThereisanEnglishAmbassadorherewhoknowsCicero’sOrationsINCATILINAMbyheart；\"anexcellentEtonian，surely。\"ItisnotMilordTyrconnell\"
（blusterousIrishJacobite，OURAmbassador，notehim，fatValorihavingbeenrecalled）；no，\"itistheEnvoyfromEngland，\"
ExcellencyHanburyhimself，whoknowshisCicerobyheart。\"HehassentmesomefineversesonROMESAUVEE；hesaysitismybestwork。ItisaPieceappropriateforMinisterialpeople；MadamelaChanceliere，\"Cocceji’sbetterhalf，\"iswellpleasedwithit。
[OEuvres，lxxiv。（LETTERS，totheD’ArgentalsandDenis，\"20thAugust—23dSeptember，1750\"），pp。187，219，231，&c。&c。]Andthen，\"——Butenough。
InPrincessAmelia’sAntechamber，thereorinothercelestialplaces，inPalaceafterPalace，itgoeson。Gayetysucceedinggayety；merePrincessesandPrincesdoingparts；inROMESAUVEE，andinmasterpiecesofVoltaire’s，VoltairehimselfactingCICERO
andelderlycharacters，LUSIGNANandthelike。Excellentinacting，saythewitnesses；superlative，forcertain，asPreceptoroftheart，——thoughimpatientnowandthen。AndwearssuchJewel—ornaments（borrowedpartlyfromaHebrew，ofwhomanon），suchmagnificenceoftastefuldress；——andwalkshisminuetamongtheMorningStars。NottomentiontheSuppersoftheKing:chosencircle，withtheKingforcentre；aradiantFriedrichflashingouttorightandleft，tillallkindlesintocoruscationroundhim；anditissuchablazeofspiritualsheet—lightnings，——wonderfultothinkof；Voltaireespeciallyelectric。Never，orseldom，wereseensuchsuppers；
suchalifeforaSupremeManofLetterssofittedwiththeplaceduetohim。Smelfungussays:——
\"AndsoyourSupremeofLiteraturehasgotintohisdueplaceatlast，——atthetopoftheworld，namely；though，alas，butformomentsorformonths。TheKing’sownFriend；hewhomtheKingdelightstohonor。ThemostshiningthinginBerlin，atthismoment。VirtuallyakindofPAPA，orIntellectualFatherofMankind，\"sneersSmelfungus；\"Popeimprovisedforthenonce。
ThenewFridericusMagnusdoesastheoldPipinus，oldCarolusMagnusdid:recognizeshisPope，indespiteofthebasevulgar；
elevateshimaloftintoworship，forthevulgarandforeverybody！
CarolusMagnusdidthatthrice—salutaryfeat[sublimelyhuman，ifyouthinkofit，andforlongcenturiessuccessfulmoreorless]；
FridericusMagnus，underotheromens，unconsciouslydoesthelike，——thebesthecan！LettheOperaFiddlers，theFrerons，TravenolsandDesfontaines—of—Sodom’sGhostlookandconsider！\"——
MadameDenis，anexpensivegayLady，stillonlyinherthirties，improvablebyrouge，carriesongreatworkintheRueTraversiere；
privatetheatricals，suppers，flirtationswithItaliantravellingMarquises；——findsIntendantLongchampmuchinherway，withhisrigorousaccount—books，andrestrictionto100louispermonth；
wishesevenherUnclewereback，andcautionshim，NottobelieveinFriedrich’sflatteringunctions，orputhistrustinPrincesatall。Voltaire，withtheduepreliminaries，showsFriedrichherLetter，oneofherLetters，[Nowlost，asmostofthemare；
Voltaire’sAnswertoit，alreadycited，is\"24thAugust，1750\"
（misprinted\"14thAugust，\"OEuvres，lxxiv。
185；seeIB。lxxv。135）；KingFriedrich’sPRACTICALAnswer（somunificenttoDenisandVoltaire），\"YourMajesty’sgraciousAgreement，\"boredate\"August23d。\"]——withresultaswesawabove。
Formeysays:\"IntheCarnivaltime，whichVoltaireusuallypassedatBerlin，inthePalace，peoplepaidtheircourttohimastoadeclaredFavorite。Princes，Marshals，MinistersofState，ForeignAmbassadors，Lordsofthehighestrank，attendedhisaudience；
andwerereceived，\"saysFormey，nowherefreefromspiteonthissubject，\"inasufficientlyloftystyle（HAUTEURASSEZ
DEDAIGNEUSE）。[Formey，Souvenirs，i。235，236。]AgreatPrincehadthecomplaisancetoplaychesswithhim；
andtolethimwinthepistolesthatwerestaked。Sometimeseventhepistoledisappearedbeforetheendofthegame，\"continuesFormey，greenwithspite；——andreportsthatsadstoryofthecandle—ends；bitsofwax—candle，whichshouldhaveremainedasperquisitetothevalets，butwhichwereconfiscatedbyVoltaireandsentacrosstothewax—chandler’s。So，doubtless，thespitefulrumorran；probablylittlebutspiteandfable，Berlinbeingbitterinitsgossip。StupidThiebaultrepeatsthatofthecandle—ends，likeathinghehadseen（twelveyearsBEFOREhisarrivalinthoseparts）；andaddsthatVoltaire\"puttheminhispocket，\"——likeonebothstupidandsordid。Alas，thebrighteryourshine，theblackeristheshadowyoucast。
Friedrich，withtheknowledgehealreadyhadofhisyoke—fellow，——
oneofthemostskittish，explosive，unrulycreaturesinharness，——
cannotbecountedwisetohaveplungedsoheartilyintosuchanadventurewithhim。\"AnundoubtedCourseroftheSun！\"thoughtFriedrich；——andforgottoomuchthesignsofbadgoinghehadsometimesnoticedinhimonthecommonhighways。ThereisnodoubthewasperfectlysincereandsimpleinallthishightreatmentofVoltaire。\"Theforemost，literaryspiritoftheworld，amantobehonoredbyme，andbyallmen；theTrismegistusofHumanIntellects，whataconquesttohavemade；howcheapisalittlemoney，alittlepatienceandguidance，forsuchsolacementandornamenttoone’sbarrenLife！\"Hehadrashlyhopedthatthedreamsofhisyouthcouldherebystillbealittlerealized；andsomethingoftheoldReinsbergProgrambecomeafruitfulandblessedfact。
FriedrichisloyallygladoverhisVoltaire；eagerinallwaystocontenthim，makehimhappy；andkeephimhere，astheTalkingBird，theSingingTreeandtheGoldenWaterofintelligentmankind；
thegloryofone’sownCourt，andtheenvyoftheworld。
\"WillteachusthesecretoftheMuses，too；FrenchMuses，andhelpusinourbitsofLiterature！\"Thislatter，too，isaconsiderationwithFriedrich，aswhyshoulditnot，——thoughbynomeansthesoleorchiefone，astheFrenchgiveitouttobe。
Onhisside，Voltaireisnotdisloyaleither；butisnothinglikesocompletelyloyal。Hehas，andcontinuedalwaystohave，notunmixedwithfear，arealadmirationforFriedrich，thatterriblepracticalDoer，withthecuttingbrilliancesofmindandcharacter，andtheirrefragablecommonsense；nayhehasevenakindoflovetohim，orsomethinglikeit，——lovemadeupofgratitudeforpastfavors，andlivelyanticipationoffuture。Voltaireis，bynature，anattachedorattachablecreature；flingingoutfondboughstoeverykindofexcellence，andespeciallyholdingfirmbyoldtieshehadmade。Onefanciesinhimamixedsetofemotions，directandreflex，——theconsciousnessofsafeshelter，weretherenothingmore；ofglorytooneself，derivedandstillderivablefromthishighman:——infine，asum—totalofactualdesiretolivewithKingFriedrich，whichmight，surely，havealmostsufficedevenforVoltaire，inaquieterelement。Buttheelementwasnotquiet，——farfromit；norwasVoltaireeasilysufficeable！
PERPETUALPRESIDENTMAUPERTUISHASAVISITFROMONEKONIG，OUTOFHOLLAND，CONCERNINGTHEINFINITELYLITTLE。
WhetherMaupertuis，inredwigwithyellowbottom，sawthesehighgauderiesoftheCarrousel，thePlaysinPrincessAmelia’sAntechamber，andtherestofit，Idonotknow:butifso，hewasnotinthetopplace；nordidanybodytakenoticeofhim，aseverybodydidofVoltaire。Meanwhile，Ihavesomethingtoquote，asabridgedanddistilledfromvarioussources，chieflyfromFormey；
whichwillbeofmuchconcernmentfartheron。
SomefourweeksafterthoseCarrouseleffulgencies，PerpetualPresidentMaupertuishadavisit（September21st，justwhiletheSunwascrossingtheLine；thankstoFormeyforthedate，whokeepsaNote—book，usefulintheseintricacies）:visitfromProfessorKonig，aneffectivemathematicalmanfromtheDutchparts。
Whomreadershaveforgottenagain；thoughtheysawhimonce:
inviolentquarrel，abouttheInfinitelyLittle，withMadameduChatelet，Voltairewitnessingwithpain；——itwasjustastheyquittedCireytogether，tenyearsago，forthesenewcoursesofadventure。Doreadersrecallthecircumstance？Maupertuis，refereeinthatquarrel，had，withabluntnessoffensivetothefemalemind，declaredKonigindisputablyintheright；andtherehadfollowedadrynessbetweenthedivineEmilieandtheFlatteneroftheEarth，scarcelytobehealedbyVoltaire’sbestefforts。
Konighasgonehisroadsincethen；becomeafinesolidfellow；
ProfessorinaDutchUniversity；morelatterlyLibrariantotheDutchStadtholder:stillfrankofspeech，andwitharuggedfree—
and—easyturn，butofmanfulmanners；reallyapersonofvariousculture，andasisstillnoticeable，ofasolidgeometricturnofmind。Havingnow，asLibrarianattheHague，moreleisureandmoremoney，hehasmadearuntoBerlin，——chieflyorentirelytoseehisMaupertuisagain，whomhestillremembersgratefullyashisfirstPatroninoldertimes，andamanofsoundparts，thoughratherblusterousnowandthen，Alittlebitofscientificbusinessalsohehaswithhim。KonigisMemberoftheBerlinAcademy，forsomeyearsback；andthereisathinghewouldspeakwiththePerpetualPresidentupon。\"WantsnothingelseinBerlin，\"saysFormey:
ahearingbytheroadthatMaupertuiswasnotthere，hehadactuallyturnedhomewardsagain:butgottruertidings，andcameon。\"Themorewasthepity，asperhapswillappear！\"HearrivedSeptember20th[ifyouwillbeparticularoncheese—parings]；
calledonmethatday，beinglodgedinmyneighborhood；andnextday，foundMaupertuisathome；\"[Formey，i。176—179。]——andflewintohisarmsagain，likeagoodboylongabsent。
Maupertuis，notmanymonthsago，had，inTwosuccessivePapers，I
thinkTwo，communicatedtotheAcademyaDiscoveryofMetaphysico—
MathematicaloraltogetherMetaphysicalnature，ontheLawsofMotion；——Discoverywhichhehas，sincethat，broughttocompleteperfection，andsentforthtotheUniverseatlarge，inhissublimelittleBookofCOSMOLOGY；[InLaBeaumelle，ViedeMaupertuis（Paris，1856），pp。105—130，confusedaccountofthis\"Discovery，\"andofthegradualPublicationofittomankind，——verygradual；firstofallintheoldParistimes；
intheBerlinACADEMYlatterly；andinfine，toalltheworld，inthisESSAIDECOSMOLOGIE（Berlin，Summerof1750）。]——gratefulAcademystrivingtoadmire，andbelieve，withitsPerpetualPresident，thattheDiscoverywassublimetoadegree；secondonlytotheflatteningoftheEarth；andwouldprobablystandthenceforthasamilestoneintheProgressofHumanThought。
\"WhichDiscovery，then？\"Benottoocurious，reader；takeonlyofitwhatshallconcernyou！
Itiswellknowntherehavebeen，tothemetaphysicalhead，difficultiesalmostinsuperableastoHow，intheSystemofNature，Motionis？How，inthenameofwonder，itcanbe；andeven，Whetheritisatall？Difficultiestothemetaphysicalhead，stickingitsnoseintothegutterthere；——notdifficulttomyreadersandme，whocanatalltimeswalkacrosstheroom，andtriumphantlygetoverthem。Butstickyournoseintoanygutter，entity，orobject，thisofMotionoranother，withobstinacy，——youwilleasilydrown，ifthatbeyourdetermination！——Sufficeitforustoknowinthismatter，thatMaupertuis，intenselywatchingNature，hasdiscovered，Thatthekeyofherenigma（oratleasttheultimatecentralDOOR，whichhidesallherMotionalenigmas，thekeytoWHICHcannotevenbeimaginedasdiscoverable！）is，that\"NatureissuperlativelyTHRIFTYinthisaffairofmotion；\"thatsheemploys，foreveryMotiondoneordo—able，\"aMINIMUMOFACTION；\"andthat，ifyouwellunderstandthis，youwill，atleast，announceallherproceduresinoneproposition，andhavefoundtheDOORwhichleadstoeverything。Whichwillbeacomforttoyou；stilllookingvainlyforthekey，ifthereisstillnokeyconceivable。
PerpetualPresidentMaupertuis，havingsurprisedNatureinthismanner，readPapersuponittoanAcademylisteningwithupturnedeyes；newPapers，perfectedoutofold，——forhehaslongbeenhatchingthesePhoenix—eggs；andhassentthemoutcomplete，quitelately，inalittleBookcalledCOSMOLOGIE，wherealoneIhavehadthequestionablebenefitofreadingthem。Grandlybrief，asifcomingfromDelphi，theutteranceis；loftilysolemn，elaboratelymodest，abstrusetothenowhumanmind；butintelligible，haditonlybeenworthunderstanding:——apainfullittleBook，thatCOSMOLOGIE，asthePerpetualPresident’sgenerallyare。\"MinimumofAction，LOID’EPARGNE，LawofThrift，\"hecallsthissublimeDiscovery；——thinksitwillbeSovereigninNaturalTheologyaswell:\"ForhowcouldNaturebeaSave—all，withoutDesignerpresent？\"——andspeaks，ofcourse，amongothertechnicalpoints，about\"VISVIVA，orVelocitymultipliedbytheSquareoftheTime:\"
whichtwopoints，\"LOID’EPARGNE，\"andthat\"theVISVIVAisalwaysaMinimum，\"thereadercantakealongwithhim；IwillpermithimtoshaketheothersintoLimboagain，asforgettablebyhumannatureatthisepochandhenceforth。
InLaBeaumelle’sViedeMaupertuis（printedatlast，Paris，1856，afterlyingnearlyacenturyinmanuscript，anobtuseworthlessleadenlittleBook），thereismuchlouddroninganddetailing，aboutthisCOSMOLOGIE，thissublime\"Discovery，\"andtheothersublimeDiscoveries，InsightsandApocalypticUtterancesofMaupertuis；thoughinsoconfusedafashion，itisseldomyoucanhavethepoorpleasureoflearningexactlywhen，orexceptbyyourownseverescrutiny，exactlywhat。Forreasonsthatwillappear，certainofthoseApocalypticUtterancesbyPerpetualPresidentMaupertuishavesincegotanewinterest，andonehasactuallyakindofwishtoreadtheIPSISSIMAVERBAofthem，atthisdate！ButinLaBeaumelle（hismodernEditorlyingfastasleepthroughout）thereisnovestigeofhelp。NayMaupertuis’sownBook，[OEuvresdeMaupertuis，Lyon，1756，4vols。
4to。]luxuriouscream—paperQuartos，orOctavesmadefour—squarebymargin，——whichyoubuyfortheseandthecognateobjects，——provesaltogetherworthlesstoyou。TheMaupertuisQuartosarenotreadablefortheirownsake（solemnlyemphaticstatementofwhatyoualreadyknow；concentratedstruggletogetonwing，andfailurebysonarrowamiss；strugglewhichgetsonlyontiptoe，andwon’tceasewrigglingandflapping）；andthen（toyourhorror）theyprovetobecarefullycleanedofalltheMaupertuis—VOLTAIREmatter；——
editionbeingSUBSEQUENTtothatworld—famousexplosion。
CAVEATEMPTOR。——OurExcerptproceeds:——
\"IndustriousKonig，likeothermathematicalpeople，hasbeenlisteningtotheseOraclesonthe’LawofMinimum，’bythePerpetualPresident；andgrievestofind，afterstudy，ThatsaidLawdoesnotquitehold；thatinfactitis，likeDescartes’soldkeyorgeneraldoor，worthlittleornothing；asLeibnitzlongagoseemstohavetransientlyrecognized。Konighasputhisstricturesonpaper:butwillnotdreamofpublishing，tillthePerpetualPresidenthaveexaminedthemandsatisfiedhimself；andthatisKonig’sbusinessatpresent，asheknocksonMaupertuis，whileSoliscrossingtheLine。MaupertuishasaHouseoftheduestyle:
WifeadaughterofMinisterBorck’s（highBorcks，’oldastheDIUVEL’）；nochildren；——hisbackcourtsalwaysagooddealdirtywithpelicans，bustards，perhapssnakesandotherzoologicalwretches，whichsometimesintrudeintothedrawing—rooms，otherwiseveryfine。Amanofsomewhims，somehabits；arbitrarybynature，butreallyhonest，thoughrathersublimishinhisinterior，withredWigandyellowbottom。
\"Konig，allfilialgladness，isreceivedgladly；——though，bydegrees，withsomesurprise，onthepaternalpart，tofindKonigripenedoutofson，clientandpupil，intoindependentpostureofagrownman。Franklycertainenoughabouthimself，andabouttheaxiomsofmathematics。Standing，evidently，onhisownlegs；
kindlyasever，butonthesenewterms，——infactratheranoutspokenfree—and—easyfellow（Ishouldguess），notthinkingthatoffencecanbetakenamongfriends。Formeyconfesses，thiswasuncomfortabletoMaupertuis；infact，ashockwhichhecouldnotrecoverfrom。Theyhadvariousmeetings，overdinneraudotherwise，atthePerpetualPresident’s，forperhapstwoweeksatthistime（datesalltobehadinFormey’sNote—book，ifanybodywouldconsult）；inthewholecourseofwhichtheshocktothePerpetualPresidentincreased，insteadofdiminishing。RepublicanfreedomandequalityisevidentlyKonig’smethod；KonigheedsnotawhittheoraculartalentormajesticpositionofMaupertuis；argueswiththefrankestlogic，whenhefeelsdissent；——drivesamajesticPerpetualPresident，especiallyinthepresenceofthirdparties，muchoutofpatience。Thus，oneevening，replyingtosomeargumentofthePerpetualPresident’s，hebegins:’Mypoorfriend，MONPAUVREAMI，don’tyouperceive，then’——UponwhichMaupertuissprangfromhischair，violentlystamping，andpirouettedroundtheroom，’Poorfriend，poorfriend？areyousorich:then！’frankKonigmerelygrinningtilltheparoxysmpassed。[Formey，i。177。]Konigwenthomeagain，REINFECTAabouttheendofthemonth。\"
SuchaKonig——hadbetternothavecome！AstohisstricturesontheLAWOFTHRIFT，thearguingsonthem，alonetogether，orwithfriendsby，merelysetMaupertuispirouetting:andastotheKonigManuscriptsonthem\"tobepublishedintheLeipzigACTA，afteryourremarksandpermission，\"MaupertuisabsolutelyrefusedtolookatsaidManuscripts:\"Publishthemthere，here，everywhere，intheDevilandhisGrandmother’sname；andthenthereisanend，Monsieur！\"Konigwenthiswaystherefore，findingnothingelseforit；publishedhisstrictures，intheLeipzigACTAinMarchnext，——
andneversawMaupertuisagain，foroneresult，outofseveralthatfollowed！IhavenodoubthewasouttoVoltaire，morethanonce，inthisfortnight；andeat\"theKing’sroast\"pleasantlywiththateminentoldfriend。VoltairealwaysthoughthimaBONGARCON
（justly，byalltheevidenceIhave）；andfindshistalkagreeable，andhisBerlinnews——especiallythatofMaupertuisandhisexplosivepirouettings。Adieu，HerrProfessor；youknownot，withyourLeipzigACTAandFragmentofLeibnitz，whatanexplosionyouarepreparing！