Friedrich’sthousand—foldpreliminaryorderings，movements，rearrangingsinhisArmymatters，mustnotdetainushere；——stilllesshisdealingswiththePandourelement，whichistroublesome，ratherthandangerous。Vigilance，wiseswiftdetermination，valordrilledtoitswork，candealwithphenomenaofthatnature，thoughneversofuriousandinnumerable。Notacheeringservicefordrilledvalor，butaveryneedfulone。Continualbickeringsandskirmishingsfellout，sometimesrisingtosharpfightonthesmallscale:——AustriangrenadierswithcannonareonthatHeighttoleft，andalsoonthistoright，meaningtocutoffourmarch；
thedifficultlandscapefurnishedout，farandwide，withPandourcompaniesinposition:youmustclashin，myBurschen；seizemethatcannon—batteryyonder；mastersuchandsuchapost，——thereistheheartofallthatnetworkofarmeddoggery；slitasunderthat，thenetworkwhollywilltumbleovertheHillsagain。Whichisalwaysdone，onthepartofthePrussianBurschen；thoughsometimesnot，withoutdifficulty。——HisMajestyisformingMagazinesatNeisse，Brieg，andtheprincipalFortressesinthoseparts；
drivingonallmannerofpreparationsattherapidestrateofspeed，andlookingwithhisowneyesintoeverything。Theregimentsareaboutwhatwemaycallcomplete，arithmeticallyandotherwise；
thecavalryshowgoodperfectionintheirnewmodeofmanoeuvring；
——itistobehopedtheFightingApparatusgenerallywillgivefairaccountofitselfwhenthetimecomes。Ouroneanchorofhope，asnowmoreandmoreappears。
OnthePandourelementhefirsttried（underGeneralHautcharmoi，withWinterfeldaschiefactivehand）adirectoutburstortwo，withaviewtoslashthemhomeatonce。Butfindiugthatitwasofnouse，astheyalwaysreappearedinnewmultitudes，herenouncedthat；tooktocallinginhisremoteroutposts；and，exceptwhereMagazinesorthelikeremainedtobecaredfor，letthePandoursbaffleabout，checkedonlybythefortifiedTowns，andmoreandmoresubmergetheHillCountry。PrinceKarl，tobeexpectedintheformoflion，mysteriouslyuncertainonwhichsidecomingtoinvadeus，——he，andnottheinnumerableweaselkind，isourimportantmatter！BytheendofApril（newsofthePEACEOFFUSSENcomingwithal），FriedrichhadquittedNeisse；laycantoned，inNeisseValley（betweenFrankensteinandPatschkau，\"abletoassembleinforty—eighthours\"）；studying，withhiswholestrength，tobereadyforthemysteriousPrinceKarl，onwhateversidehemightarrive；
——anddisregardingthePandoursincomparison。
Thepointsofinrush，thetidewaysofthesePandourDelugesseemtobemainlythree。DirectthroughtheJablunka，uponRatiborCountry，isthefirstandchief；lessdirect（partlysuppliedbyREFLUENCES
fromRatibor，whenRatiborisfoundnottoanswer），aseconddisemboguesbyJagerndorf；athird，thewesternmost，byLandshut。
Threemainingresses:ateachofwhichtherefalloutlittleFights；whicharestillcelebratedinthePrussianBooks，andindeedwelldeservereadingbysoldiersthatwouldknowtheirtrade。IntheRatiborparts，theinvasiveleaderisaGeneralKaroly，with12，000underhim，whoarethewildesthordeofall:
\"Karolylodgesinawood:forhimselfthereisatent；
hiscompanionssleepundertrees，orundertheopensky，bytheedgeofmorasses。\"[Ranke，iii。244。]ItwasagainstthisKarolyandhishordethatHautcharmoi’slittleexpedition，orexpressattackingpartytodrivethemhomeagain，wasshotout（8th—2lstApril）。Whichdiditsworkveryprettily；Winterfeld，chiefhandinit，crowningthematterbya\"FightofWurbitz，\"[Orlich，ii。136
（21stApril）。]——whereWinterfeld，cuttingthetaproot，inhisusualelectricway，tumblesKarolyquiteINTOthemorasses，andclearsthecountryofhimforatime。Foratime；thoughforatimeonly；
——Karolyorothersreturninginaweekortwo，toastillhigherextentofthousands；mischievousaseverinthoseRatibor—Namslaucountries。Uponwhich，Friedrich，findingthisanendlessbusiness，andnothinglikethemostimportant，givesitupforthepresent；
callsinhisremoterdetachments；hashisMagazinescartedhometotheFortressTowns，——Karolytrying，onceorso，tohinderinthatoperation，butonlyagaingettinghiscrownbroken。[\"FightofMocker，\"May4th（Orlich，ii。141）。]Orifcartingbetoodifficult，stilldonotwasteyourMagazine:——MargrafKarl，forinstance，isorderedtoJagerndorfwithhisDetachment，\"toeattheMagazine；\"hungryPandourslookingon，tillhefinish。OnwhichoccasionarenownedlittleFighttookplace（FightofNeustadt，orofJagerndorf—Neustadt），asshallbementionedfartheron。
Sothat，forcertainweekstocome，theTolpatcherieshadfreecourse，inthoseFrontierparts；andwerelefttoroveabout，undercheckonlyoftheGarrisonTowns；Friedrichbeingobligedtolookelsewhereafterhigherperils，whichwerenowcominginview。
Inwhichfavorablecircumstances，KarolyandConsortsdid，atlast，makeonestrokeinthoseRatiborcountries；thatofKosel，whichwasgreatlyconsolatory。[26thMay，1743（Orlich，ii。156—158）。]
\"BytreacheryofanEnsignwhohaddesertedtothem[provokedbyrigorofdiscipline，orsomeintolerablething]，theyglidedstealthily，onenight，acrosstheditches，intoKosel\"（ahalf—
fortifiedplace，Prussianworksonlyhalffinished）:which，beingtheKeyoftheOderinthoseparts，theyreckonedagloriousconquest；ofgoodomenandworthyofTE—DEUMSatVienna。Andtheydideagerly，withouttheleastmolestation，labortocompletethePrussianworksatKosel:\"Onegarrisonalreadyours！\"——whichwasnothadfromthemwithoutbattering（andIbelieve，burning），whenGeneralvonNassaucametoinquireafterit；inAutumnnext。
FriedrichhadalwayshopedthattheSaxons，whoarenotyetindeclaredWarwithhim，thoughboundbyTreatytoassisttheQueenofHungaryundercertainconditions，wouldnotventureonactualInvasionofhisTerritories；butinthis，asreadersanticipate，Friedrichfindshimselfmistaken。WeissenfelsishasteningfromtheLeitmeritznorthwesternquarter，wherehehaswintered，tojoinPrinceKarl，whoisgatheringhimselffromOlmutzandhissoutheasternhomeregion；theirfullintentionistoinvadeSilesiatogether，andtheyhopenowatlengthtomakeanendofFriedrichandit。ThesePandourhordes，supportedbythenecessarygrenadiersandcannoniers，aresentasvanguard；thesecannotthemselvesbeathim；buttheymayinducehim（whichtheydonot）todividehisForce；theymay，inpart，burnhimawayasbyslowfire，afterwhichhewillbetheeasiertobeat。Insteadofwhich，Friedrich，leavingthePandourstotheirluck，liesconcentratedinNeisseValley；watching，withallhisfaculties，PrinceKarl’sownadvent（comingonlikeFate，indubitable，yetinvolvedinmysterieshitherto）；andisperilouslysensiblethatonlyingivingthatagoodreceptionisthereanyhopelefthim。
PrinceKarl\"whoarrivedinOlmutzApril30th，\"commandsinchiefagain，——saddened，poorman，bythelossofhisyoungWife，inDecemberlast；willingtostillhisgriefinactionforthecauseSHEloved；——butoldTraunisnotwithhimthisyear:whichisastillmorematerialcircumstance。Traunistogothisyear，undercloaknotofPrinceKarl，butofGrand—DukeFranz，toclearthoseFrankfurtCountriesfortheKAISERWAHLandhim。PrinceContiliesthere，withhisfamous\"Middle—RhineArmy\"（D’Ahremberg，fromthewesternparts，notnearlysodiligentuponhimasonecouldwish）；
andmust，atallrates，beclearedaway。Traun，takingcommandofBathyani’sArmy（nowthatithasfinishedtheBavarianjob），ispreparingtopushdownuponConti，whileBathyani（whoistosupersedethelaggardD’Ahremberg）shallpushvigorouslyup；——andbeforesummerisover，weshallhearofTraunagain，andContiwillhaveheard！——
Friedrich’sindignation，onlearningthattheSaxonswereactuallyonmarch，andgraduallythattheyintendedtoinvadehim，wasgreat；andthewholematterisportentouslyenigmatictohim，asheliesvigilantinNeisseValley，waitingontheWhenandtheHow。
Indignation；——andyetthereisneedofcautionwithal。Tobereadyforevents，theOldDessauerhas，asonesuremeasure，beenrequestedtotakecharge，oncemore，ofa\"CampofObservation\"ontheSaxonFrontier（asofold，in1741）；andhasgivenhisconsent:
[\"April25th\"consents（Orlich，ii。130）。]\"CampofMagdeburg，\"
\"CampofDieskau；\"forithadvariousnamesandfigures；checkingsofyourhand，thenlayingsofiton，heavier，lighterandagainheavier，accordingtoone’svariousREADINGSoftheSaxonMystery；
andweshallhearenoughaboutit，intermittently，tillDecembercoming:whenitendedinawayweshallnotforget！——OnwhichtakethisNote:——
\"TheCampofObservationwastohavebegunMay1st；didbeginsomewhatlater，’nearMagdeburg，’nottoocloseontheFrontier，norintooalarmingstrength；wasreinforcedtoabout30，000；
inwhichstate[middleofAugust]itsteptforwardtoWieskau，thentoDieskau，closeontheSaxonBorder；andbecame，——withaSaxonCamplyingcloseopposite，andWarformallythreatened，oralmostdeclared，onSaxonybyFriedrich，——analarminglyseriousmatter。
Friedrich，however，againcheckedhishand；anddidnotconsummatetillNovember—December。Butdidthenconsummate；greatlyagainsthiswill；andinawayflaminglyvisibletoallmen！\"
[Orlich，ii。130，209，210:Helden—Geschichte，ii。1224—1226；i。1117。]
Friedrich’sownincidentalutterances（whatmorewehaveofFractionsfromthePodewilsLetters），insuchportentousaspectofaffairs，maynowbeworthgiving。ItisnotnowtoJordanthathewrites，gaylyunbosominghimself，asintheFirstWar，——poorJordanlieslanguishing，thesemanymonths；consumptive，tooevidentlydying:——NottoJordan，thistime；noristhetheme\"GLOIRE\"now，butafardifferent！
FRIEDRICHTOPODEWILS（asbefore，April—May，1745）。
April20thorso，OrdersarecometoBerlin（orders，toPodewils’shorroratsuchathought），Whitherward，shouldBerlinbeassaulted，theOfficialBoards，thePreciositiesandhouseholdgodsaretobetakethemselves:——toMagdeburg，allthese，whichisanimpregnableplace；toStettin，theTwoQueensandRoyalFamily，iftheylikeitbetter。Podewilsinhorror，\"hairstandingonend，\"
writesthereupontoEichel，Thathehopesthemanagement，\"inacertaincontingency，\"willbegiventoMinisterBoden；hePodewils，withhishairinthatposture，beingquiteunequaltoit。
Friedrichanswers:——
\"APRIL26th……’Icanunderstandhowyouaregettinguneasy，youBerliners。Ihavethemosttoloseofyouall；butIamquiet，andpreparedforevents。IftheSaxonstakepart，’astheysurelywill，’intheInvasionofSilesia，andwebeatthem，IamdeterminedtoplungeintoSaxony。Forgreatmaladies，thereneedgreatremedies。
EitherIwillmaintainmyall，orelselosemyall。[Hearit，friend；andunderstandit，——withhairlyingflat！]Itistrue，thedisaffectionoftheRussianCourt，onsuchtriflinggrounds，wasnottobeexpected；andgreatmisfortunecanbefallus。
Well；ayearortwosooner，ayearortwolater，——itisnotworthone’swhiletobotherabouttheveryworst。Ifthingstakethebetterturn，ourconditionwillbesurerandfirmerthanitwasbefore。Ifwehavenothingtoreproachourselveswith，neitherneedwefretandplagueourselvesaboutbadevents，whichcanhappentoanyman。’——’IamcausingdespatchasecretOrderforBoden[onYOU
knowwhat]，whichyouwillnotdeliverhimtillIgivesign。’\"——
OnhearingofthePeaceofFussen，perhapsadayorsolater，Friedrichagainwrites:——
\"APRIL[nodistinctdate；Neissestill？QUITSNeisse，April28th]……PeaceofFussen，Bavariaturnedagainstme？’Icansaynothingtoit，——except，Therehascomewhathadtocome。Tomeremainsonlytopossessmyselfinpatience。Ifallalliances，resources，andnegotiationsfail，andallconjuncturesgoagainstme，Iprefertoperishwithhonor，ratherthanleadaningloriouslifedeprivedofalldignity。MyambitionwhispersmethatIhavedonemorethananothertothebuildingupofmyHouse，andhaveplayedadistinguishedpartamongthecrownedheadsofEurope。Tomaintainmyselfthere，hasbecomeasitwereapersonalduty；whichIwillfulfilattheexpenseofmyhappinessandmylife。Ihavenochoiceleft:Iwillmaintainmypower，oritmaygotoruin，andthePrussiannamebeburiedunderit。Iftheenemyattemptanythinguponus，wewilleitherbeathim，orwewillallbehewedtopieces，forthesakeofourCountry，andtherenownofBrandenburg。
NoothercounselcanIlistento。’\"
SAMELETTER，ORANOTHER？（HerrRankehavinghiscaprices！）……
\"Youareagoodman，myPodewils，anddowhatcanbeexpectedofyou\"（Podewilshasbeenapologizingforhisterrors；andreferringhopefully\"toProvidence\"）:\"Performfaithfullythegivenworkonyourside，asIonmine；fortherest，letwhatyoucall’Providence’decideasitlikes[UNEPROVIDENCEAVEUGLE？Ranke，whoaloneknows，gives\"BLINDEVORSEHUNG。\"Whatanutterance，onthepartofthislittleTitan！Consideritasexceptionalwithhim，unusual，accidentaltothehardmoment，andperhapsnotsoimpiousasitlooks！]——Neitherourprudencenorourcourageshallbeliabletoblame；butonlycircumstancesthatwouldnotfavorus……
\"Ipreparemyselfforeveryevent。Fortunemaybekindorbeunkind，itshallneitherdisheartenmenorupliftme。IfIamtoperish，letitbewithhonor，andswordinhand。Whattheissueistobe——Well，whatpleasesHeaven，ortheOtherParty（J’AIJETELE
BONNETPARDESSUSLESMOULINS）！Adieu，mydearPodewils；becomeasgoodaphilosopherasyouareapolitician；andlearnfromamanwhodoesnotgotoElsner’sPreaching[fashionableatthetime]，thatonemustopposetoillfortuneabrowofiron；and，duringthislife，renounceallhappiness，allacquisitions，possessionsandlyingshows，noneofwhichwillfollowusbeyondthegrave。\"
[Ranke，iii。pp。238—241。]
\"BywhatpointstheAustrian—SaxonArmamentwillcomethroughuponus？Togetherwillitbe，orseparately？SaxonsfromtheLausitz，AustriansfromBohmen，enclosingusbetweentwofires？\"——wereenigmaticquestionswithFriedrich；andtheSaxonsespeciallyareanenigma。Butthatcometheywill，thatthesePandoursaretheirpreliminaryveiling—apparatusasusual，isevidenttohim；andthathemustnotspendhimselfuponPandours；butcoalesce，andliereadyforthemainwrestle。SothatfromApril28th，asabovenoticed，Friedrichhasgoneintocantonments，somewayuptheNeisseValley，westwardofNeisseTown；andiscallinginhisoutposts，hisdetachments；emptyinghisFrontierMagazines；——
abandoninghisUpper—SilesianFrontiermoreandmore，andintheendaltogether，tothePandourhordes；asmallmatterthey，comparedtothegrandInvasionwhichiscomingon。Here，withshiftingsuptheNeisseValley，heliestilltheendofMay；
watchingArgus—like，andscanningwitheveryfacultytheAustrian—
Saxonmotionsandintentions，untilatlengththeybecomecleartohim，andweshallseehowhedealswiththem。
Hisownlodging，orhead—quarter，mostofthistime（4thMay—27thMay），isinthepleasantAbbeyofCamenz（mythicsceneofthatBAUMGARTEN—SKIRMISHbusiness，intheFirstSilesianWar）。HehasexcellentTobiasStuscheforcompanyinleisurehours；andtheoutlookofbrightSpringallroundhim，floweringintogorgeousSummer，ashehurriesaboutonhismanyoccasions，notofanidyllicnature。[Orlich，ii。139；Ranke，iii。242—249。]ButhisArmyisgettingintoexcellentcompletenessofnumber，health，equipment，andaltogethersuchaspiritashecouldwish。May22d，hereisanothersnatchfromsomeNotetoPodewils，fromthisbalmyLocality，potentialwithsuchexplosionsofanotherkind。
CAMENZ，MAY22d……\"TheEnemiesaremakingmovements；butnothinglikeenoughasyetforourguessingtheirdesigns。Tillwesee，therefore，thethunderliesquietinus（LAFOUDREREPOSEENMES
MAINS）。Ah，couldwebuthaveaDaylikethatMayEleventh！\"
[Ranke，iii。248n。]
What\"thatMayEleventh\"isorwas？Readersarecurioustoknow；
especiallyEnglishreaders，whoguessFONTENOY。AndHistoricArt，ifshewerestrict，woulddeclinetoinformthematanylength；
forreallythethingisnobetterthana\"VictoryontheScamander，andaSiegeofPekin\"（asacertainobserverdidafterwardsdefineit），inreferencetothematternowonhand！Well，Pharsalia，Arbela，theScamander，Armageddon，andsomanyBattlesandVictoriesbeingluminous，bystudy，tocultivatedEnglishmen，andone’sownFontenoysuchamysteryandriddle，——Art，afterconsideration，reluctantlyconsentstobeindulgent；willproducefromherPaperImbrogliosaslightPieceonthesubject，andprintinsteadofburning。
ChapterVIII。
THEMARTIALBOYANDHISENGLISHversusTHELAWS0FNATURE。
\"GloriousCampaignintheNetherlands，SiegeofTournay，finalruinoftheDutchBarrier！\"thisistheFrenchprogramforSeason1745，——noBelleisletocontradictit；BelleislesecureatWindsor，whomighthaveleantmoretowardsGermanenterprises。AndtothishisBritannicMajesty（smallgaintohimfromthatadroitnessintheHarz，lastwinter！）hastomakefront。Andisstrenuouslydoingso，byallmethods；especiallybyheroicexpenditureofmoney，anddittoexposureofhisMartialBoy。PooroldWade，lastyear，——
perhapsWadedidsuffer，ashealleged，from\"wantofsufficientauthorityinthatmixedArmy\"？Well，hereisaPrinceoftheBlood，RoyalHighnessofCumberland，tocommandinchief。WithaKonigsecktodry—nursehim，maynotRoyalHighness，luckfavoring，doverywell？Luckdidnotfavor；BritannicMajesty，neitherintheNetherlandsoverseas，norathome（strangenewdomesticwool，ofatarryHIGHLANDnature，beingthrownhimtocard，onthesudden！），madeagoodCampaign，butabad。Andagainabad（1746）andagain（1747），everagain，tillhepleasedtoceasealtogether。Ofwhichdistressingobjectsweproposethatthefollowingoneglimpsebeourlast。
BATTLEOFFONTENOY（11thMay，1745）……\"IntheendofApril，MarechaldeSaxe，nowbecomeveryfamousforhissiegesintheNetherlands，openedtrenchesbeforeTournay；
KingLouis，withhisDauphin，nottospeakofmistresses，play—
actorsandcookeryapparatus（inwagonsinnumerable），hastenstobethere。AfightingArmy，sayof70，000，besidesthegarrisons；andgreatthings，itisexpected，willbedone；Tournay，inspiteofstrongworksandDutchgarrisonof9，000，tobetakeninthefirstplace。
\"OftheSiege，whichwasdifficultandardent，wewillremembernothing，exceptthemischancethatbefellacertain’MarquisdeTalleyrand’andhismen，inthetrenches，onenight。Nightofthe8th—9thMay，bycarelessnessofsomebody，asparkgotintotheMarquis’spowder，twopowder—barrelsthattherewere；and，withhorriblecrash，senteightymen，MarquisTalleyrandandEngineerDuMazisamongthem，aloftintotheotherworld；rainingdowntheirlimbsintothecoveredway，wheretheDutchwereveryinhumantothem，andprovokedustoretaliate。[Espagnac，ii。27。]DuMazisI
donotknow；butMarquisdeTalleyrandturnsout，onstudyoftheFrenchPeerages，tobeUncleofalamelittleBoy，whobecameRightReverendTallyrandundersingularconditions，andhasmadethenameverycurrentinafter—times！——
\"HearingofthisSiege，theDukeofCumberlandhastenedoverfromEngland，withintenttoraisethesame。Musteredhis’AlliedArmy’
（oncecalled’Pragmatic’），——selfattheheadofit；oldCountKonigseck，whowasNOTburntatChotusitz，commandingthesmallAustrianquota[AustriansmainlyaregonelaggardingwithD’AhremberguptheRhine]；andaPrinceofWaldecktheDutch，——ontheplainofAnderlechtnearBrussels，May4th；[Anonymous，LifeofCumberland，p。180；Espagnac，ii。
26。]andfoundallthingstolerablycomplete。Uponwhich，straightway，hisRoyalHighness，60，000strongletussay，setforth；byslowishmarches，andaroutesomewhatleftwardofthegreatTournayRoad[noplaceonit，exceptperhapsSTEENKERKE，everheardofbyanEnglishreader]；andonSunday，9thMay，[Espagnac，ii。27。]preciselyonthemorrowafterpoorTalleyrandhadgonealoft，reachedcertainfinalVillages:Vezon，Maubray，whereheencamps，Briffoeiltorear；CamplookingtowardsTournayandthesettingsun，——withFontenoyshortwayahead，andAntoinetoleftofit，andBarrywithitsWoodstoright:——smallpeaceableVillages，whichbecomefamousintheNewspapersshortlyafter。[PatchofMapatp。440。]RoyalHighness，restinghereatVezon，isbutsomesixorsevenmilesfromTournay；inlowundulatingCountry，woodyhereandthere，notwithoutthreadsofrunningwater，andwithfrequentVillagesandtheiradjuncts:thepartofitnowinterestingtousliesallbetweentheBrussels—TournayRoadandtheScheldRiver，——
allinimmediatefrontofhisRoyalHighness，——tosoutheastwardfrombeleagueredTournay，wheresaidRoadandRiverintersect。
HowshallhemakesomeimpressionontheSiegeofTournay？
Thatisnowthequestion；andhisRoyalHighnessstrugglestomanoeuvreaccordingly。
MarechaldeSaxe，whosehabitismuchthatofvigilance，forethought，sagaciousprecaution，singularinsodissoluteaman，hasneglectednothingonthisoccasion。Heknowseveryfootoftheground，havingsiegedhere，inhisboyhood，oncebefore。Leavingthesiege—trenchesatTournay，underchargeofatenorfifteenthousand，hehastakencamphere；stillwithsuperiorforce（56，000
astheycount，RoyalHighnessbeingonly50，000ranked），barringRoyalHighness’sway。Tournay，oratleasttheMarechal’strenchesthere，areontherightbankoftheScheld；whichflowsfromsoutheast，securingallonthathand。ThebroadBrusselsHighwaycomesintohimfromtheeast；——northofthathehasnothingtofear，thegroundbeingcutwithbogs；nogettingthroughuponhim，thatway，toTournayandwhathecallsthe’UnderScheld。’
The’UpperScheld’too，availthemnothing。Thereisonlythattriangletothesoutheast，betweenRoadandRiver，wheretheEnemyisnowmanoeuvringinfrontofhim，fromwhichdamagecanwellcome；andhehasdonehisbesttobesecurethere。Fourvillagesorhamlets，closetotheScheldandonwardstotheGreatRoad，——
Antoine，Fontenoy，Barry，Ramecroix，withtheirlanesandboscages，——makeakindofcircularbasetohistriangle；baseofsomesixoreightmiles；withhollowsinit，brooks，andnorthwardaconsiderableWood[BOISDEBARRY，envelopingBarryandRamecroix，whichdonotproveofmuchinteresttous，thoughtheBOISdoesofagooddeal]。Inandbeforeeachofthosevillagesarepostsanddefences；inAntoineandFontenoyelaborateredoubts，batteries，redansconnecting:intheWood（BOISDEBARRY），anabattis，orwalloffelledtrees，aswellascannon；andatthepointoftheWood，wellwithindoublerangeofFontenoy，isaRedoubt，calledofEu（REDOUTED’EU，fromtheregimentoccupyingit），whichwillmuchconcernhisRoyalHighnessandus。Saxehasahundredpiecesofcannon[saytheEnglish，whichiscorrect]，consummatelydisposedalongthisspace；noingresspossibleanywhere，exceptthroughthecannon’sthroat；torrentsoffireandcross—fireplayingonyou。
Heisarmedtotheteeth，astheysay；andhashis56，000arrangedaccordingtothebestrulesoftactics，behindthismurderouslineofworks。IfhisRoyalHighnessthinkofbreakingin，hemaycountonaverywarmreceptionindeed。
\"SaxeisonlyafraidhisRoyalHighnesswillnot。Outsideoftheselines，witha50，000dashingfiercelyroundus，underanykindofleading；pouncingonourconvoys；harassingandsiegingUS，——oursiegeofToumaywereasadoutlook。AndthisisoldAustrianKonigseck’sopinion，too；though，theysay，WaldeckandtheDutch（impetuousintheoryatleast）opinedotherwise，andstrengthenedRoyalHighness’sview。Twoyoungmenagainstoneold:’Beitso，then！’HisRoyalHighness，resoluteforgettingin，manoeuvresandinvestigates，allMonday10th；hiscannonisnottoarrivecompletelytillnight；otherwisehewouldbeforbreakinginatonce:afearlessyoungman，fearlessaseverhispoorFatherwas；
certainlyamanSANSPEUY，thisonetoo；whetherofmuchAVIS，weshallseeanon。
\"Tuesdaymorningearly，11thMay，1745，cannonbeingup，anddispositionsmade，hisRoyalHighnesssalliesout；seeshismentakingtheirground:DutchandAustrianstotheleft，chieflyoppositeAntoine；English，withsomeHanoverians，inthecentreandtotheright；infantryinfront，facingFontenoy，cavalrytorearflankingtheWoodofBarry，——Konigseck，Ligonierandothersable，assistingtoplantthemadvantageously；cannongoing，onbothsides，thewhile；radiantenthusiasm，SANSPEURETSANSAVIS，lookingfromhisRoyalHighness’sface。Hehasbeenonhorsebacksincetwointhemorning；cannonstartedthunderingbetweenfiveandsix，——haskilledchivalrousGrammontoveryonder（theGrammontofDettingen），almostatthefirstvolley。Andnowaboutthetimewhenploughersbreakfast（eightA。M。，noploughinghereaboutsto—day！），beginstheattack，simultaneouslyorinswiftsuccession，onthevariousbatterieswhichitwillbenecessarytoattackandstorm。
\"Theattackstookplace；butnoneofthemsucceeded。DutchandAustrians，ontheextremeleft，weretohavestormedAntoinebytheedgeoftheRiver；thatwastheirmaintask；rightskirtofthemtohelpUSmeanwhilewithFontenoy。Andtheyadvanced，accordingly；
butfoundtheshotfromAntoinetoofierce:especiallywhenasubsidiarybatteryopenedfromacrosstheRiver，andtooktheminflank，theDutchandAustriansfeltastonished；andhastilydrewaside，undersomeshelteringmoundorearthworktheyhadfoundforthemselves，orprudentlythrownupthenightbefore。There，undertheirearthwork，stoodtheDutchandAustrians；patientlyexpectingafittertime，——whichindeedneveroccurred；foralways，theinstanttheydrewout，thebatteriesfromAntoine，andfromacrosstheRiver，instantlyopeneduponthem，andtheyhadtodrawinagain。Sothattheystoodthere，inamanner，allday；andsotospeakdidnothingbutpatientlyexpectwhenitshouldbetimetorun。Forwhichtheywereloudlycensured，anddeservedly。
AntoineisandremainsatotalfailureonthepartoftheDutchandAustrians。
\"RoyalHighnessinperson，withhisEnglish，wastoattackFontenoy；——andisdoingso，bybatteryandstorm，atvariouspoints；withemphasis，thoughwithoutresult。Aspreliminary，atanearlystagehehadsentforwardontheright，bytheWoodofBarry，aBrigadierIngoldsby’withSemple’sHighlanders’andotherforce，tosilence’thatredoubtyonderatthepointoftheWood，’——
redoubt，fort，orwhateveritbe（famousREDOUTED’EU，asitturnedout！），——whichguardsFontenoytonorth，andwilltakeusinflank，nayinrear，aswestormthecannonoftheVillage。
Ingoldsby，speedimperativeonhim，pushedintotheWood；foundFrenchlight—troops（’Godknowshowmanyofthem！’）prowlingaboutthere；foundtheRedoubtaterriblystrongthing，withditch，drawbridge，whatnot；spentthirtyorfortyofhisHighlanders，insomefranticattemptonitbyruleofthumb；——andfound’Hewouldneedartillery’andotherthings。Inshort，Ingoldsby，hastenwhathemight，couldnotperfectthepreparationstohismind，hadtowaitforthisandforthat；anddidnotstormtheRedoubtd’Euatall；buthungfire，inanunaccountablemanner。Forwhichhehadtoanswer（toCourt—Martial，stillmoretotheNewspapers）afterwards；
andprovethatitwasmisfortunemerely，ormisfortuneandstupiditycombined。Tooevident，theREDOUTED’EUwasnottaken，thenorthenceforth；whichmighthaveprovedthesavingofthewholeaffair，couldIngoldsbyhavemanagedit。RoyalHighnessattackedFontenoy，andre—attacked，furiously，thriceover；andhadtodesist，andfindFontenoyimpossibleonthoseterms。
\"Hereisapieceofwork。Repulsedatallthosepoints；andontheleftandontheright，nospiritvisiblebutwhatdeservesrepulse！
HisRoyalHighnessblazesintoresplendentPLATT—DEUTSCHrage，whatwemaycallspiritualwhite—heat，amanSANSPEURatanyrate，andprettymuchSANSAVIS；decidesthathemustandwillbethroughthoselines，ifitpleaseGod；thathewillnotberepulsedathispartoftheattack，notheforone；butwillplungethrough，bywhatgapthereis[900yardsVoltairemeasuresit[OEuvres，xxviii。150（SIECLEDELOUIS
QUINZE，c。xv。\"BATAILLEDEFONTENOI，\"——elaboratelyexactonallsucbpoints）。]]betweenFontenoyandthatRedoubtwithitslaggardIngoldsby；andseewhattheFrenchinteriorislike！Heralliesrapidly，rearranges；formshimselfinthincolumnorcolumns[threeofthem，Ithink，——whichgraduallygotcrushedintoone，astheyadvanced，undercaunon—shotonbothhands]，——wheelinghisleftround，toberear，hisrighttobeheadofsaidcolumnorcolumns。
Incolumn，thecannon—shotfromFontenoyontheleft，andRedoubtd’Euonourright，willtelllessonus；andbetweenthesetwodeath—dealinglocalities，bythehollowest，leastshelterlesswaydiscoverable，wemeantopenetrate:（Forward，mymen，steadyandswift，tillwearethroughtheshot—range，andfindmentograpplewith，insteadofcase—shotandprojectileiron！’MarechaldeSaxeownedafterwards，’Heshouldhaveputanadditionalredoubtinthatplace，buthedidnotthinkanyArmywouldtrysuchathing’
（cannonbatteriesplayingoneachhandat400yardsdistance）；——norhasanyArmysinceorbefore！
\"Thesecolumnsadvance，however；throughbushyhollows，water—
courses，throughwhatdefilesorhollowestgroundsthereare；
endurethecannon—shot，whiletheymust；trailingtheirownheavygunsbyhand，andoccasionallyblastingoutofthemwherethegroundfavors；——anddo，withindignantpatience，windthemselvesthrough，prettymuchbeyonddirectshot—rangeofeitherd’EuorFontenoy。AndhaveactuallygotintotheinteriormysteryoftheFrenchLineofBattle，——whichisnotalittleastonishedtoseethemthere！Itisoverakindofbluntridge，orrisingground，thattheyarecoming:onthecrownofthisrisingground，theFrenchregimentfrontingit（GARDESFRANCAISESasitchancedtobe）
notices，withsurprise，field—cannonpointedthewrongway；
actualBritishartilleryunaccountablyshowingitselfthere。
RegimentofGARDESrushesuptoseizesaidfield—pieces:but，onthesummit，perceiveswithamazementthatitcannot；thataheavyvolleyofmusketryblazesintoit（killingsixtymen）；thatitwillhavetorushbackagain，andreportprogress:HugeBritishforce，ofunknownextent，isreadjustingitselfintocolumnthere，andwillbeuponusontheinstant。Hereisnews！
\"Newstrueenough。TheheadoftheEnglishcolumncomestosight，overtherisingground，closeby:theirofficersdofftheirhats，politelysalutingours，whoreturnthecivility:waseversuchpolitenessseenbefore？Itisafact；andamongthememorablestofthisBattle。NayacertainEnglishOfficerofmark——LordCharlesHaythenameofhim，valuedsurelyintheannalsoftheHayandTweeddaleHouse——stepsforwardfromtheranks，asifwishingsomething。Towardswhom[saystheaccurateEspagnac]Marquisd’Auteroche，grenadier—lieutenant，withairofpoliteinterrogation，notknowingwhathemeant，madeasteportwo:
’Monsieur，’saidLordCharles（LORDCHARLES—HAY），’bidyourpeoplefire（FAITESTIRERVOSGENS）！’’NON，MONSIEUR，NOUSNETIRONS
JAMAISLESPREMIERS（Weneverfirefirst）。’[Espagnac，ii。60（oftheORIGINAL，Toulouse，1789）；ii。48oftheGermanTranslation（Leipzig，1774），ourusualreference。Voltaire，endlesslyinformedupondetailsthistime，isequallyexpress:\"MILORDCHARLESHAY，CAPITAINEAUXGARDESANGLAISES，CRIA:’MESSIEURSDESGARDES
FRANCAISES，TIREZ！’TowhichCountd’Auterochewithaloudvoiceanswered\"&c。（OEuvres，vol。xxviii。p。155。）SeealsoSouvenirsduMarquisdeValfons（editedbyaGrand—Nephew，Paris，1860），p。151；——apoor，considerablynoisyanduncleanlittleBook；whichprovesunexpectedlyworthlookingat，inregardtosomeofthosepoorBattlesandpersonagesandoccurrences:theBohemianBelleisle—Brogliopart，tomyregret，iftonootherperson’s，hasbeenomitted，asextinct，orundecipherablebytheGrand—Nephew。]AfterYOU，Sirs！Isnotthisabitofmodernchivalry？Asupremepolitenessinthatsniffingpococurantekind；probablythehighestpoint（orlowest）iteverwentto。WhichIhaveoftenthoughtof。\"
ItisalmostpitytodisturbanelegantHistoricalPassageofthiskind，circulatingroundtheworld，insomeglory，foracenturypast:buttherehasasmallirrefragableDocumentcometome，whichmodifiesitagooddeal，andreducesmatterstothebusinessform。
LordCharlesHay，\"Lieutenant—Colonel，\"practicalHead，\"oftheFirstRegimentofFoot—guards，\"wrote，aboutthreeweeksafter（ordictatedinsadspelling，nothimselfabletowriteforwounds），aLettertohisBrother，ofwhichhereisanExcerptatfirsthand，withonlythespellingaltered:……\"ItwasourRegimentthatattackedtheFrenchGuards:andwhenwecamewithintwentyorthirtypacesofthem，IadvancedbeforeourRegiment；dranktothem[totheFrench，fromthepocket—pistolonecarriesonsuchoccasions]，andtoldthemthatweweretheEnglishGuards，andhopedthattheywouldstandtillwecamequiteuptothem，andnotswimtheScheldastheydidtheMaynatDettingen[shamefulTHIRD—
BRIDGE，notofwood，thoughcarpetedwithbluecloththere]！
UponwhichIimmediatelyturnedabouttoourownRegiment；
speechedthem，andmadethemhuzza，\"——Ihopewithawill。
\"AnOfficer[d’Auteroche]cameoutoftheranks，andtriedtomakehismenhuzza；however，therewerenotabovethreeorfourintheirBrigadethatdid。\"[\"Ath，Mayye20th，o。s。\"（toJohn，FourthMarquisofTweeddale，last\"SecretaryofStateforScotland，\"andamanoffigureinhisday）:LetterisatYesterHouse，EastLothian；
ExcerptPENESME。]……
Verypoorcounter—huzza。Andnottheleastwhisperofthatsublime\"Afteryou，Sirs！\"butrather，inconfusedform，ofquitethereverse；Hayhavingbeenhimselffiredinto（\"firehadbegunonmyleft；\"Haytotallyignorantonwhichsidefirst），——firedinto，ratherfeebly，andwoundedbythoseD’Auterochepeople，whilehewasstilladvancingwithshoulderedarms；——uponwhich，andnottillwhich，hedidgiveitthem:inliberaldose；andquiteblewthemofftheground，forthatday。Fromallwhich，onehastoinfer，Thatthemutualsalutationbyhatwasprobablyafact；that，forcertain，therewassomeslightpreliminarytalkandgesticulation，butintheHomericstyle，bynomeansintheEspagnac—French，——
notchivalrousepigramatall，mereroughbanter，andwhatiscalled\"chaffing；\"——andinshort，thattheFrenchMess—rooms（withtheireloquenttalentthatway）hadroundedoffthethingintothecurrentepigrammaticredaction；theauthenticbusiness—formofitbeingruggedlywhatisnowgiven。LetourManuscriptproceed。
\"D’Auterochedecliningthefirstfire，\"——oracceptingit，ifeveroffered，nobodycansay，——\"thethreeGuardsRegiments，LordCharles’sontheright，giveithimhotandheavy，’tremendousrollingfire；’sothatD’Auteroche，respondingmoreorless，cannotstandit；buthasatoncetorustleintodiscontinuity，heandhis，androllrapidlyoutoftheway。AndtheBritishColumnadvances，steadily，terribly，hurlingbackalloppositionfromit；deeperanddeeperintotheinteriormysteriesoftheFrenchHost；blastingitswaywithgunpowder；——inamagnificentmanner。AcompactColumn，slowlyadvancing，——apparentlyofsome16，000foot。
Pauses，readjustsitselfalittle，whennotmeddledwith；
whenmeddledwith，hascannon，hasrollingfire，——deliversfromit，infact，onbothhandssuchatorrentofdeadlycontinuousfireaswasrarelyseenbeforeorsince。’FEUINFERNAL，’theFrenchcallit。TheFrenchmakevehementresistance。Battalions，squadrons，regimentafterregiment，chargemadlyonthisterribleColumn；butrushonlyondestructionthereby。RegimentThisstormsinfromtheright，regimentThatfromtheleft；havetheircolonelsshot，’losethehalfoftheirpeople；’andhastilydrawbackagain，inawreckedcondition。Thecavalry—horsescannotstandsuchsmokeandblazing；norindeed，Ithink，canthecavaliers。REGIMENTDUROI
rushingon，fullgallop，tochargethisColumn，gotonevolleyfromit[saysEspagnac]whichbroughttotheground460men。
Naturalenoughthathorsestakethebitbetweentheirteeth；
likewisethatmentakeit，andcareerverymadlyinsuchcircumstances！
MAPChap。VIII，Book15，PAGE440GOESABOUTHERE————————
\"TheterribleColumnwithslowinflexibilityadvances；cannon（nowinreversedposition）fromthatRedoubtd’Eu（’Shameonyou，Ingoldsby！’），andirregularmusketryfromFontenoyside，playinguponit；defeatedregimentsmakingbarriersoftheirdeadmenandfiringthere；Columnalwaysclosingitsgappedranks，andgirdledwithinsupportablefire。ItoughttohavetakenFontenoyandRedoubtd’Eu，saymilitarymen；itoughttohavedoneseveralthings！IthasnowcuttheFrenchfairlyintwo；——andSaxe，whoisearnestlysurveyingitahundredpacesahead，sendsword，conjuringtheKingtoretireinstantly，——acrosstheScheld，byCalonneBridgeandthestrongrear—guardthere，——who，however，willnot。KingandDauphin，onhorsebackboth，havestood’attheJustice（GALLOWS，infact）ofourLadyoftheWoods，’notstirringmuch，occasionallyshiftingtoawindmillwhichisstillhigher，——yeHeavens，withwhatintrepidity，allday！——’agoodmanycountry—folkintreesclosebehindthem。’Country—folk，Isuppose，havebythistimeseenenough，andarecopiouslymakingoff:buttheKingwillnot，thoughthingsdolookdubious。
\"Infact，theBattlehangsnowuponahair；theBattleisasgoodaslost，thinksMarechaldeSaxe。Hisbattle—linestornintwointhatmanner，hoveringinraggedcloudsoverthefield，whathopeisthereintheBattle？Fontenoyisfiringblank，thissometime；
itscannon—ballsdone。Officers，inAntoine，areaboutwithdrawingtheartillery，——thenagain（onneworder）replacingitawhile。
AllarelookingtowardstheScheldBridge；earnestlyentreatinghisMajestytowithdraw。HadtheDutch，atthispointoftime，brokenheartilyin，asWaldeckwasurgingthemtodo，upontheredoubtsofAntoine；orhadhisRoyalHighnesstheDuke，forhisownbehoof，possessedduecavalryorartillerytoactupontheseraggedclouds，whichhangbrokenthere，veryfitforbeingswept，werethereanartillery—and—horsebesomtodoit，——ineitherofthesecasestheBattlewastheDuke’s。Andarightfieryvictoryitwouldhavebeen；tomakehisnamefamous；andconfirmtheEnglishintheirmadmethodoffighting，likeBaresarksorJanizariesratherthanstrategichumancreatures。[See，inBusching’sMagazin，xvi。169（\"Yourillustrious’Column，’atFontenoy？
Itwasfortuitous，Isay；donelikejanizaries；\"andsoforth），aCriticismworthreadingbysoldiers。]
\"Butneitherofthesecontingencieshadbefallen。TheDutch—
AustrianwingdidevincesomewishtogetpossessionofAntoine；
anddrewoutalittle；butthegunsalsoawokeuponthem；
whereupontheDutch—Austriansdrewinagain，thinkingthetimenotcome。AsfortheDuke，hehadtakenwithhimofcannonagoodfew；
butofhorsenoneatall（impossibleforhorse，unlessFontenoyandtheRedoubtd’Euwereours！）——andhishorsehavebeenhangingabout，intheWoodofBarryallthiswhile，uncertainwhattodo；
theiroldCommanderbeingkilledwithal，andtheirnewadubitativeperson，andnoordersleft。TheDukehadleftnoorders；havingindeedbrokeninhere，inwhatwecalledaspiritualwhite—heat，withoutaskinghimselfmuchwhathewoulddowhenin:’BeattheFrench，knockthemtopowderifIcan！’——MeanwhiletheFrenchcloudsarereassemblingalittle:RoyalHighnesstooisreadjustinghimself，nowgot’300yardsaheadofFontenoy，’——pausesthereabouthalfanhour，notseeinghiswayfarther。
\"Duringwhichpause，DucdeRichelieu，famousblackguardman，gallopsuptotheMarechal，gallopsrapidlyfromMarechaltoKing；
suggesting，’werecannonbroughtAHEADofthisclosedeepColumn，mightnottheyshearitintobeautifuldestruction；andthenageneralchargebemade？’SocounselledRichelieu:itissaid，theJacobiteIrishman，CountLallyoftheIrishBrigade，wasprimeauthorofthisnotion，——amanoftragicnotorietyintimecoming。
[\"ThomasArthurLallyComtedeTollendal，\"patronymically\"O’MuLALLYofTULLINDALLY\"（aplacesomewhereinConnaught，undiscoverablewhere，notmaterialwhere）:seeourdropsicalfriend（inoneofhiswheezieststates），KingJames’sIrishArmy—List（Dublin，1855），pp。594—600。]Whoeverwasauthorofit，MarechaldeSaxeadoptsiteagerly，KingLouiseagerly:swiftitbecomesafact。Universalrally，universalsimultaneouschargeonbothflanksoftheterribleColumn:thisitmightresist，asithasdonethesetwohourspast；butcannonahead，shearinggapsthroughitfromendtoend，thisiswhatnocolumncanresist；——andonlyperhapsoneofFriedrich’scolumns（ifeventhat）withFriedrich’seyeuponit，couldmakeitshalf—right—
about（QUARTDECONVERSION），turnitssidetoit，andmanoeuvreoutofit，insuchcircumstances。ThewrathfulEnglishcolumn，slitintoribbons，candonothingatmanoeuvring；blazesandrages，——
moreandmoreclearlyinvain；collapsesbydegrees，rollsintoribbon—coils，andwindsitselfoutofthefield。Notmuchchased，——
itscavalrynowseeingajob，andissuingfromtheWoodofBarrytocovertheretreat。Notmuchchased；——yetwithaloss，theysay，inall，of7，000killedandwounded，andabout2，000prisoners；
Frenchlossbeingunder5，000。
\"TheDutchandAustrianshadfoundthatthefittimewasnowcome，ortakentimebytheforelock，——theirpartoftheloss，theysaid，wasathousandandoddhundreds。TheBattleendedabouttwoo’clockoftheday；hadbegunabouteight。Tuesday，11thMay，1745:oneofthehottesthalf—day’sworksIhaveknown。AthingmuchtobemeditatedbytheEnglishmind。——KingLouissteptdownfromtheGallows—HillofOurLady；andKISSEDMarechaldeSaxe。Saxewasnearlydeadofdropsy；couldnotsitonhorseback，exceptforminutes；wascarriedaboutinawickerbed；hashadaleadbulletinhismouth，allday，tomitigatetheintolerablethirst。
Tournaywassoontaken；theDutchgarrison，thoughstrong，andinastrongplace，makingnoduedebate。
\"RoyalHighnessretireduponAthandBrussels；hoveredabout，nothingdaunted，heorhis:’Dastardfellows，theywouldnotcomeoutintotheopenground，andtryusfairly！’snortindignantlytheGazetteersandenlightenedPublic。[OldNewspapers。]
Nothingdaunted；——but，asitwere，didnotdoanythingfarther，thisCampaign；exceptloseGand，bynegligenceVERSUSvigilance，andeathisvictuals，——tillcalledhomebytheRebellionBusiness，inanunexpectedmanner！Fontenoywasthenearestapproachheevermadetogettingvictoryinabattle；butamisstoo，astheyallwere。Hewasnothinglikesorash，onsubsequentoccasions；buthadnobetterluck；andwasbeateninallhisbattles——excepttheimmortalVictoryofCullodenalone。Whichlatterindeed，wasitnotitself（intheGazetteermind）akindofapotheosis，orliftingofamantotheimmortalgods，——byendlesstar—barrelsandbeer，forthetimebeing？
\"OldMarechaldeNoailleswasinthisBattle；busyabouttheredans，andproudtoseehisSaxedowell。ChivalrousGrammont，too，aswesaw，wasthere，———killedatthefirstdischarge。
PrincedeSoubisetoo（notkilled）；acertainLordGeorgeSackville（hurtslightly，——perhapshadBETTERhavebeenkilled！）——andothersknowntous，orthatwillbeknown。Army—SurgeonLaMettrie，ofbusybrain，expertwithhistourniquetsandscalpels，butofwildlyblusterousheterodoxtongueandways，isthrice—busyinHospitalthisnight，——’EnglishandFrenchallonetoyou，nay，ifanything，theEnglishbetter！’thosearetheRoyalorders:——LaMettriewillturnup，innewcapacity，stillblusterous，atBerlin，byandby。
\"TheFrenchmadeimmenseexplosionsofrejoicingoverthisVictoryofFontenoy；Voltaire（nowamanwellatCourt）celebratingitinproseandverse，toanamazingdegree（21，000copiessoldinoneday）；thewholeNationblazingoutoveritintoilluminations，arcsoftriumphanduniversalthree—times—three:——inshort，Ithink，nearlytheheartiestNationalHuzza，loud，deep，long—drawn，thattheNationevergaveinlikecase。Nowrathercurioustoconsider，atthisdistanceoftime。MiraculousAnecdotes，trueandnottrue，aremany。Nottomentionagainthatsurprisingofferofthefirstfiretous，whatshallwesayofthe’twocamp—sutlerswhomI
noticed，’Englishfemalesofthelowestdegree；’oneofwhomwasbusyslittingthegold—lacefromadeadOfficer，whenacannon—ballcamewhistling，andshoreherheadaway。Uponwhich，withoutsounduttered，herneighborsnatchedthescissors，anddeliberatelyproceeded。’[DeHordt，Memoires，i。108。
AFRENCHOFFICER’SACCOUNT（translatedinGentleman’sMagazine，1745；where，pp。246，250，291，313，&c。，aremanyconfuseddetailsandspeculationsonthissubject）。]
Adeliberategloomypeople；——unconquerableexceptbyFrenchprowess，glorytothatsame！\"
BritannicMajestyisnotsuccessfulthisseason；HighlandRebellionsrisingonhim，andmuchgoingawry。HeisfoundinghisNationalDebt，poorMajesty；nothingelsetospeakof。HispoorArmy，fightingneversowellinForeignquarrels，——andgenerallyitselfstandingthebrunt，withtheco—partnerslookingontillitistimetorun（asatRoucouxagainnextseason，andatLauffeldnext），——canwinnothingbuthardknocksandlosses。Andisdefinedbymankind，——inphraseologywhichwehaveheardagainsincethen！
——ashaving\"theheartofaLionandtheheadofanAss。\"
[OldPamphlets，SOEPIUS。]Portentoustocontemplate！——
CapeBretonwasbesiegedthisSummer，inacreditablemanner；
andtaken。TheonerealstrokedoneuponFrancethisYear，orindeed（exceptatsea）throughouttheWar。\"RuintotheirFisheries，andaclearlossof1，400，000poundsayear。\"
Comparedwithwhichallthesefine\"VictoriesinFlanders\"areabottleofmoonshine。Thiswasactuallyakindofstroke；——andthis，onefinds，wasaccomplished，underpresidencyofasmallsquadronofKing’sships，by（’New—EnglandVolunteers，\"onfundsraisedbysubscription，inthewayofjoint—stock。AshiningColonialfeat；
saidtobeveryperfectlydone，bothscrippartofit，andfightingpart；[Adelung，v。32—35（\"27thJune，1745，afterasiegeofforty—ninedays\"）:see\"Gibson，JournaloftheSiege；\"
\"Mr。Prince（oftheSouthChurch，Boston），THANKSGIVINGSERMON（pricefourpence）；\"&c。&c。:intheOldNewspapers，1745，1748，multifariousNoticesaboutit，andthenaboutthe\"repayment\"ofthoseexcellent\"joint—stock\"people。]
——andmighthaveyielded，whatincalculabledividendsintheFisheryway！Buthadtobegivenupagain，inexchangefortheNetherlands，whenPeacecame。Alas，yourMajesty！Woulditbequiteimpossible，then，togodirectuponyourownsoleerrand，theJENKINS’S—EARone，insteadofstumblingaboutamongtheForeignchimney—pots，farandwide，undernightmares，inthisterriblemanner？——LetustoSilesiaagain。
ChapterIX。
THEAUSTRIAN—SAXONARMYINVADESSILESIA，ACROSSTHE
MOUNTAINS。
Valori，whoistobeofFriedrich’sCampaignthisYear，camepostingoffdirectlyinrearofthegloriousnewsofFontenoy；
foundFriedrichatCamenz，ratherinspiritsthanotherwise；
andlodgedpleasantlywithAbbotTobiasandhim，tilltheCampaignshouldbegin。TwothingssurpriseValori:first，thegreatstrength，impregnableasitwere，towhichNeissehasbeenbroughtsincehesawitlast，——superlativeconditionofthatFortress，andoftheArmyitself，asitgathersdailymoreandmoreaboutFrankensteinhere:——andthensecondly，andcontrariwise，thestrangelyneglectedpostureofmountainousorUpperSilesia，givenuptoPandours。Quitesubmerged，inamanner:MargrafKarlliesquietamongthematJagerndorf，\"eatinghismagazine；\"GeneralHautcharmoi（Winterfeld’slatechiefinthatWurbenaffair），withhissmallDetachment，stillhoversaboutinthoseRatiborparts，\"withtheStrongTownstofall—backupon，\"orhasineffectfallenbackaccordingly；andnothingdonetocoercethePandoursatall。
WhilePrinceKarlandWeissenfelsaredailycomingon，inforce100，000，theirintentioncertain；force，say，about100，000
regular！VerysingulartoValori。
\"Sire，willnotyoudisputethePasses，then？\"asksValori，amazed:
\"NotdefendyourMountainrampart，then？\"\"MONCHER；theMountainrampartisthreeorfourhundredmileslong；therearetwelveortwentypracticableroadsthroughit。Oneiskeptindarkness，too；
endlessPandourdoggeryshuttingoutyourdaylight:——illdefendingsucharampart，\"answersFriedrich。\"Buthow，then，\"persistsValori；\"but——？\"\"OnedaytheKingansweredme，\"saysValori，\"’MONAMI，ifyouwanttogetthemouse，don’tshut，thetrap；
leavethetrapopen（ONLAISSELASOURICIEREOUVERTE）！’\"WhichwasabeamoflighttotheinquiringthoughtofValori，amilitarymanofsomeintelligence。[SeeVALORI，i。222，224，228。]
That，infact，isFriedrich’spurposeprivatelyformed。HemeansthattheAustriansshallconsiderhimcowedintonothing，asheunderstandstheyalreadydo；thattheyshallenterSilesiainthenotionofchasinghim；andshall，ifneedbe，havethepleasureofchasinghim，——tillperhapsarightmomentarrive。Forheisfullofsilentfinesse，thisyoungKing；soonseesintohisman，andcanleadhimstrangedancesonoccasion。Innomanisthereaplentifulerveinofcunning，norofafinerkind。Lynx—eyedperspicacity，inexhaustiblecontrivance，promptingenuity，——amanverydangeroustoplaywithatgamesofskill。Anditiscunningregulatedalwaysbyanoblesenseofhonor，too；instinctivelyabhorrentofattorneyismandtheswindlerelement:acunning，sharpasthevulpine，yetalwaysstrictlyhuman，whichisratherbeautifultosee。ThisisoneofFriedrich’smarkedendowments。
Intellectsun—clear，whollypractical（neednotbespeciallydeep），andentirelyloyaltothefactbeforeit；this——ifyouaddrapidityandenergy，promptweightofstroke，suchaswasseldommetwith——
willrenderamanverydangeroustohisadversaryinthegameofwar。——HereisthelastofourPandourAdventuresforthepresent:——
\"FromMay12th，FriedrichhadbeengatheringcloserandcloseraboutFrankenstein；bytheendofthemonth（28th，asitproved）heintendsthatallDetachmentsshallbehome，andtheArmytakeCampthere。Themostarehome；MargrafKarl，atJagerndorf，hasnotyetdoneeatinghismagazine；buthetoomustcomehome。SummontheMargrafhome:——itisnotdoubtedhewillcuthimselfthrough，heandhis12，000；butsuchistheswarmofPandourshoveringbetweenhimandus，noestafette，orcleverestletter—bearer，canhopetogetacrosstohim。Ziethenwith500Hussars，hemusttaketheLetter；thereisnootherway。Ziethenmounts；faresswiftlyforth，towardsNeustadt，withhisLetter；lodgesinwoods；dodgesthethick—crowdingTolpatcheries（passeshimselfoffforaTolpatchery，saysome，andcapturesHungarianStaff—Officerswhocometogivehimorders[FrauvanBlumenthal，LifeofDeZiethen，pp。171—181（extremelyromantic；nowgivenupasmythical，formostpart）:seeOrlich（ii。150）；butalsoRanke（iii。245），Preuss，&c。]）；isatlengthfoundout，andfuriouslysetupon，’Ziethen，Hah！’——butgetstoJagerndorf，MargrafKarlcomingouttotherescue，anddelivershisLetter。’Home，then，allofusto—morrow！’Andso，Saturday，22dMay，beforewegettoNeustadtonthewayhome，thereisanauthenticpassageofarms，doneverybrilliantlybyMargrafKarlagainstPandoursandothers。
\"Torightofus，toleft，barringourroad，theenemy，20，000ofthem，standrankedonheights，inchosenpositions；cannon—
batteries，grenadiers，dragoonsofGothaandinfinitePandours:
militaryjunglebristlingfarandwide。Andyoumustpushitheartily，andlikewisecutthetap—rootofit（seizeitsbigguns），oritwillnotrollaway。MargrafKarlshootsforthhissteadyinfantry（’Silenttillyouseethewhitesoftheireyes！’），——hiscavalrywithnewmanoeuvres；whosebehaviorisworthyofZiethenhimself:——inbrief，thejungleisstruckasbyawhirlwind，thetap—rootofitcut，androllssimultaneouslyoutofrange，leavingonlytheRegimentofGotha，，RegimentofOgilvyandsomeRegulars，whoalsogettorntoshreds，andutterlyruined。Seeingwhich，thePandourjungleplungeswhollyintothewoods，utteringhorriblecries（ENPOUSSANTDESCRISTERRIBLES），saysFriedrich。
[OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。106。MorespeciallyBERICHTEVONDERAM22MAI，1745BEYNEUSTADTINOBER—
SCHLESIENVORGEFALLENERACTION（Seyfarth，Beylage，i。159—166）。]Ournewcavalry—manoeuvresdeservepraise。
MargrafKarlhadthehonortogainhisCousin’sapprobationthisday；andtoprovehimself，saystheCousin，（worthyofthegrandfatherhecamefrom，’——myowngreat—grandfather；
GreatElector，Friedrich—Wilhelm；whosestyleofmotionatFehrbellin，orontheiceoftheFrischeHaf（soldiersallinsledges，tearingalongtobeattheSwedes），wasprobablysomewhatofthiskind。\"……
\"Somedaysago，WinterfeldhadbeenpushedouttoLandshut，withDetachmentof2，000，tojudgealittleforhimselfwhichwaytheAustrianswerecoming，andtoscareoffcertainUhlans（theSAXON
speciesofTolpatchery），whowerethreateningtobemischievousthereabouts。TheUhlans，atsoundofWinterfeld，jingledawayatonce:but，inadayortwo，therecameuponhim，onthesudden，Pandouroutburstinquiteotherforce；——andintheveryhourswhileZiethenwasstrugglingintoJagerndorf，andstillmoreemphaticallynextday，whileMargrafKarlwashandlinghisPandours，——ColonelWinterfeld，ahundredmilestowestwardlappedamongtheMountains，chancedtobedealingagainwiththesamearticle。Verybusywithit，from4o’clockthismorning；likelytogiveagoodaccountofthejob。SteadilydefendingLandshutandhimself，againstthegrenadierbattalions，cannonandfuriousoverplusofPandours（8，000or9，000，itissaid，sixtooneorsointhearticleofcavalry），whichGeneralNadasti，ascientificleaderofmenorPandours，skilfullyandfuriouslyhurlsuponLandshutandhim，inanunexpectedmanner。ColonelWinterfeldhadneedofallhisheartandenergy，intheintricateground；againstthefuriousoverpluswellmanoeuvred:butinhimtootherearemanoeuvres；ifhefallbackhere，itistorushondoublestrongthere；hourafterhourheinexpugnablydefendshimself，——tillGeneralStille，Friedrich’soldTutor，ourworthywritingfriend，whomweoccasionallyquote，comesupwithhelp；andNadastiisatoncebrushedhomeagain，withsoresmartoffailure，and’thelossof600killed，’amongotheritems。
[Berichtvonderam21Mai，1745beyLandshutrorgefallenerAction，inFeldzuge，i。302—305（orinSeyfarth，Beylage，i。155—158）；
OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。105；Stille，pp。120—124
（whomisdates，\"23dMay\"for22d）。]ColonelWinterfeldwasmadeMajor—Generalnextday，forthisaction。ColonelWinterfeldiscuttingoutahighcourseforhimself，byhisconductintheseemployments；solidity，brillianteffectuality，shiningthroughallhedoes；hisvalorandvalue，hisrapidjustinsight，fieryenergyandnoblenessofmindmoreandmoredisclosingthemselves，——toonewhoisajudgeofmen，andgreatlyneedsforhisownusethefirst—
ratequalityinthatarticle。\"
Friedrichhasleftthemouse—trapopen；——andlatterlyhasbeenbaitingitwithapleasantspicingoftoastedcheese。OneofhisSpies，reportingfromPrinceKarl’squarters，FriedrichhasatthistimediscoveredtobeaDouble—Spy，reportingthitheraswell。
Double—Spy，thereisanuglyfact；——perhapsnotquiteconvenienttoabolishitbyhempandgibbet；perhapsitcouldbeturnedtouse，asmostfactscan？\"Verygood，myexpertHerrvonSchonfeld[thatwastheknave’sname]；andnowofallthings，wheneverthePrincedoesgetacross，——instantwordtousofthat！Nothingsoimportanttous。IfheshouldgetBETWEENusandBreslau，forexample，whatwouldtheconsequencebe！\"TothispurportFriedrichinstructshisDouble—Spy；sendshimoff，unhanged，toPrinceKarl’sCamp，toblabthisfreshbitofknowledge。\"Welikewise，\"saysFriedrich，\"orderedsomerepairsontheroadsleadingtoBreslau；\"——lastturnofthehandtoourbitoftoastedfragrancy。AndPrinceKarlisactuallystridingforward，ataneagerpace:——andNadastiVERSUS
Winterfeld，theotherday，couldWinterfeldhaveguessedit，wastheactualvanguardofthemarch；andwillbeupagainstraightway！
WhereuponWinterfeldtooiscalledhome；andalleyesarebentontheLandshutside。
PrinceKarl，underthesefineomens，hadbeenurgentontheSaxonstobeswift；SaxonsunderWeissenfelsdidatlast\"gettheircannonup，\"andwehearofthemforcertain，injunctionwiththeAustrians，atSchatzlar，ontheBohemiansideoftheGiant—
Mountains；climbingwithdiligencethosewizardsolitudesandhighlandwastes。Inaword，theyrollacrossintoSilesia，toLandshut（29thMay）；nothingdoubtingbutFriedrichhascoweredintowhatretreatshehas，asgoodasdesperateofSilesia，andwillprobablybefirstheardofinBreslau，whentheygetthitherwiththeirsiegingguns。NocautioussagaciousoldFeldmarschallTraunisinthatHostatpresent；nothingbutaPrinceKarl，andapoorDukeofWeissenfels；whoaretoocertainofseveralthings；——
verycapableofcertainty，andalsoofdoubt，thewrongwayofthefacts。Theirforceis，bystrictcount，75，000；andtheymarchfromLandshut，detainedalittlebyprovenderconcerns，onthelastdayofMay。[Orlich，ii。146；Ranke，iii。247；Stenzel，iv。245。]
May28th，FriedrichhadencampedatFrankenstein；May30th，hesetsforthnorthwestward，tobenearerthenewscene；encampsatReichenbach，thatnight；pushesforwardagain，nextday，forSchweidnitz，forStriegau（inall，ashiftnorthwestofsomefortymiles）；——andfromJune1st，liesstretchedoutbetweenSchweidnitzandStriegau，ninemileslong；wellhiddeninthehollowsofthelittleRiversthereabouts（SchweidnitzWater，StriegauWater），withtheirlittleknollsandhills；watchingPrinceKarl’sprobableplaceofegressfromtheMountainCountryopposite。HismainCampisfromSchweidnitztoJauernik，somefivemileslong；buthehashisvanguardupasfarasStriegau，DumoulinandWinterfeldasvanguard，ingoodstrength，alittlewaybehindorwestwardofthatTownandStream；NassauandhisDivisionarescreenedintheWoodcalledNonnenbusch（NUN’SBUSH），andthereareoutpostssprinkledallabout，andvedetteswatchingfromthehill—tops，fromtheStanowitzFoxhill；theZedlitz\"Cowhill，\"\"Winchill:\"anArmynotcourtingobservation，butintentverymuchtoobserve。Nadastihasappearedagain；atFreyburg，fewmilesoff，onthissideoftheMountains；goesoutscouting，reconnoitring；butis\"firedatfromthegrowingcorn，\"andotherwisehoodwinkedbyfalsesymptoms，andmakeslittleofthatbusiness。Friedrich’sArmywewillcomputeat70，000。[General—LieutenantFreiherrLeovonLutzow，DieSchlachtvonHohenfriedbeg（Potsdam，1845），pp。18，21。]NotquiteequalinnumbertoPrinceKarl’s；and，inotherparticulars，willingandlongingthatPrinceKarlwouldarrive，andtryitsquality。
Friedrich’shead—quarterisatJauernik:hegoesdailyridinghither，thither；tothetopoftheFuchsberg（FOXHILLatStanowitz）
witheagerspy—glass；dailymanytimeslookswithhisspy—glasstotheraggedpeaksaboutBolkenhayn，Kauder，Rohnstock；expectingthethrowofthedicefromthatpart。OnThursday，3dJune:Doyounoticethatcloudofdustrisingamongthepeaksoveryonder？
Dust—cloudmountinghigherandhigher。Therecomesthebigcrisis，then！TherearethecombinedWeissenfelsandKarlwiththeirAustrianSaxons，issuingproudlyfromtheirstonelabyrinth；
guns，equipments，baggages，allperfectlybroughtthrough；richSilesianplaincountrynowfairlyattheirfeet，Breslauitselfbutafewmarchesoff:——atsightofallwhich，theAustrianbighostburstsforthintouniversalfield—music，andshakesoutitsbannerstothewind。Thursday，3dJune，1745；adramaticEntryofsomethingquiteconsiderableontheStageofHistory。
Friedrich，withNassauandgeneralsround，standsupontheFuchsberg，——hisremarksnotgiven，hislooksoremotionsnotdescribedtous，histhoughtwellknown，——andlooksatitthroughhisTUBUS（orspy—glass）:Theretheyare，then，andthebigmomentiscome！Friedrichhadseenthedustandthemanoeuvringofthem，deeperintheHills，fromthissameFuchsbergyesterday，andinferredwhatwascoming；calculatedbywhatroadsorhill—trackstheycouldissue:andhowhe，ineachcase，wastodealwiththem；
hismarch—routesareallsettled，plank—bridgesrepaired，allprivatelyisreadyfortheseproudAustrianmusicalgentlemen，hereinthehollow。FriedrichhasbeenuponthisFuchsbergwithhisTUBUSdaily，manytimessinceMondaylast:itisourgeneralobservatorium，saysStille，andcommandsafineviewintotheinterioroftheseHills。AFuchsbergwhichhasbecomenotableinthePrussianmaps:\"theStanowitzFuchsberg，\"eastsideofStriegauWater，——letnotouristmistakehimself；fortherearetwooreventhreeotherFuchsbergs，amileorsonorthwardonthewesternsideofthatStream，whichneedtobedistinguishedbyepithets，astheStriegauFuchsberg，theGrabenFuchsberg，andperhapsstillothers:
comparabletotheFOURNeisserivers，threebesidestheoneweknow，whichoccurinthispieceofCountry！OurGermancousins，I
haveoftensorrowedtofind，havepracticallyamostpoortalentforGIVINGNAMES；andindeedmuch，foragesback，islyinginasadstateofconfusionamongthem。Manyconfusedthings，rottingfarandwide，incontradictiontotheplainestlawsofNature；
thingsaswellasnames！AllthewelcomerthisPrussianArmy，thisyoungFriedrichleadingit；they，beyondallearthlyentitiesoftheirepoch，arenotinastateofconfusion，butofmoststrictconformitytothelawsofArithmeticandfactsofNature:perhapsaveryblessedphenomenonforGermanyinthelong—run。
PrinceKarlwithWeissenfels，GeneralBerlichingenandmanyplumeddignitaries，arediningontheHill—topnearHohenfriedberg:
afterhavinggivenorderabouteverything，theywitnessthere，overtheirwine，theissueoftheirColumnsfromtheMountains；
whichgoesonallafternoon，withfield—music，spreadbanners；
andtheoldestGeneraladmitsheneversawafinerreview—
manoeuvre，oronebetterdone，ifsowell。ThussittheyontheHill—top（GALGENBERG，notfarfromthegallowsoftheplace，saysFriedrich），inthebeautifulJuneafternoon。Silesialyingbeautifullyazureattheirfeet；theZobtenberg，enchantedMountain，blueandhighonone’seasternhorizon；
Prussiansnoticeableonlyinweakhussarpartiesfourorfivemilesoff，whichvanishinthehollowgroundsagain。AllintendingforBreslau，they，itislike；——andhere，redwineandtheexcellentmanoeuvregoingon。\"TheAustrian—and—SaxonArmystreamedoutallafternoon，\"saysaCountrySchoolmasterofthoseparts，whoseDay—bookhasbeenpreserved，[InLutzow，pp。123—132。]\"eachregimentordivisiontakingtheplaceappointedit；allafternoon，tilllateinthenight，submergingtheCountryasinadeluge，\"
fivemileslongofthem；takingpostatthefootoftheHillsthere，fromHohenfriedbergrounduponStriegau，lookingtowardsthemorrow’ssunrise。Touspoorcountry—folknotabeautifulsight；
theirlighttroopsflyingahead，anddoingtheftandothermischiefatasadrate。