theauthorwrote:——
\"Thislastnaturalist[Haeckel]……hasrecently……publishedhis’NaturlicheSchopfungs—geschichte，’inwhichhefullydiscussesthegenealogyofman。
Ifthisworkhadappearedbeforemyessayhadbeenwritten，Ishouldprobablyneverhavecompletedit。AlmostalltheconclusionsatwhichI
havearrived，Ifindconfirmedbythisnaturalist，whoseknowledgeonmanypointsismuchfullerthanmine。\"）IcannottellyouhowgladIamtofindthatIhaveexpressedmyhighadmirationofyourlabourswithsufficientclearness;IamsurethatIhavenotexpressedittoostrongly。\"]
CHARLESDARWINTOA。R。WALLACE。
Down，March16，1871。
MydearWallace，Ihavejustreadyourgrandreview。（\"Academy\"，March15，1871。）Itisineverywayaskindlyexpressedtowardsmyselfasitisexcellentinmatter。
TheLyellshavebeenhere，andSirC。remarkedthatnoonewrotesuchgoodscientificreviewsasyou，andasMissBuckleyadded，youdelightinpickingoutallthatisgood，thoughveryfarfromblindtothebad。InallthisImostentirelyagree。Ishallalwaysconsideryourreviewasagreathonour;andhowevermuchmybookmayhereafterbeabused，asnodoubtitwillbe，yourreviewwillconsoleme，notwithstandingthatwediffersogreatly。Iwillkeepyourobjectionstomyviewsinmymind，butIfearthatthelatterarealmoststereotypedinmymind。Ithoughtforlongweeksabouttheinheritanceandselectiondifficulty，andcoveredquiresofpaperwithnotesintryingtogetoutofit，butcouldnot，thoughclearlyseeingthatitwouldbeagreatreliefifIcould。Iwillconfinemyselftotwoorthreeremarks。Ihavebeenmuchimpressedwithwhatyouurgeagainstcolour（Mr。Wallacesaysthatthepairingofbutterfliesisprobablydeterminedbythefactthatonemaleisstronger—winged，ormorepertinaciousthantherest，ratherthanbythechoiceofthefemales。Hequotesthecaseofcaterpillarswhicharebrightlycolouredandyetsexless。Mr。Wallacealsomakesthegoodcriticismthatthe’DescentofMan’consistsoftwobooksmixedtogether。）inthecaseofinsects，havingbeenacquiredthroughsexualselection。Ialwayssawthattheevidencewasveryweak;butIstillthink，ifitbeadmittedthatthemusicalinstrumentsofinsectshavebeengainedthroughsexualselection，thatthereisnottheleastimprobabilityincolourhavingbeenthusgained。
Yourargumentwithrespecttothedenudationofmankindandalsotoinsects，thattasteonthepartofonesexwouldhavetoremainnearlythesameduringmanygenerations，inorderthatsexualselectionshouldproduceanyeffect，Iagreeto;andIthinkthisargumentwouldbesoundifusedbyonewhodeniedthat，forinstance，theplumesofbirdsofParadisehadbeensogained。Ibelieveyouadmitthis，andifsoIdonotseehowyourargumentappliesinothercases。IhaverecognizedforsomeshorttimethatIhavemadeagreatomissioninnothavingdiscussed，asfarasI
could，theacquisitionoftaste，itsinheritednature，anditspermanencewithinprettycloselimitsforlongperiods。
[Withregardtothesuccessofthe’DescentofMan，’IquotefromalettertoProfessorRayLankester（March22，1871）:——
\"Ithinkyouwillbegladtohear，asaproofoftheincreasingliberalityofEngland，thatmybookhassoldwonderfully……andasyetnoabuse（thoughsome，nodoubt，willcome，strongenough），andonlycontempteveninthepoorold’Athenaeum’。\"
AstoreviewsthatstruckhimhewrotetoMr。Wallace（March24，1871）:——
\"Thereisaverystrikingsecondarticleonmybookinthe’PallMall’。
Thearticlesinthe\"Spectator\"（\"Spectator\"，March11and18，1871。Withregardtotheevolutionofconsciencethereviewerthinksthatmyfathercomesmuchnearertothe\"kernelofthepsychologicalproblem\"thanmanyofhispredecessors。Thesecondarticlecontainsagooddiscussionofthebearingofthebookonthequestionofdesign，andconcludesbyfindinginitavindicationofTheismmorewonderfulthanthatinPaley’s’NaturalTheology。’）havealsointerestedmemuch。\"
OnMarch20hewrotetoMr。Murray:——
\"Manythanksforthe\"Nonconformist\"[March8，1871]。Iliketoseeallthatiswritten，anditisofsomerealuse。Ifyouhearofreviewersinout—of—the—waypapers，especiallythereligious，as\"Record\"，\"Guardian\"，\"Tablet\"，kindlyinformme。Itiswonderfulthattherehasbeennoabuse（\"Ifeelafullconvictionthatmychapteronmanwillexciteattentionandplentyofabuse，andIsupposeabuseisasgoodaspraiseforsellingabook。\"——（fromalettertoMr。Murray，January31，1867。）asyet，butI
supposeIshallnotescape。Onthewhole，thereviewshavebeenhighlyfavourable。\"
ThefollowingextractfromalettertoMr。Murray（April13，1871）referstoareviewinthe\"Times\"。（\"Times\"，April7and8，1871。Thereviewisnotonlyunfavourableasregardsthebookunderdiscussion，butalsoasregardsEvolutioningeneral，asthefollowingcitationwillshow:\"Evenhaditbeenrenderedhighlyprobable，whichwedoubt，thattheanimalcreationhasbeendevelopedintoitsnumerousandwidelydifferentvarietiesbymereevolution，itwouldstillrequireanindependentinvestigationofoverwhelmingforceandcompletenesstojustifythepresumptionthatmanisbutaterminthisself—evolvingseries。\"）
\"Ihavenoideawhowrotethe\"Times\"review。Hehasnoknowledgeofscience，andseemstomeawind—bagfullofmetaphysicsandclassics，sothatIdonotmuchregardhisadversejudgment，thoughIsupposeitwillinjurethesale。\"
Areviewofthe’DescentofMan，’whichmyfatherspokeofas\"capital，\"
appearedinthe\"SaturdayReview\"（March4and11，1871）。Apassagefromthefirstnotice（March4）maybequotedinillustrationofthebroadbasisasregardsgeneralacceptance，onwhichthedoctrineofEvolutionnowstood:\"Heclaimstohavebroughtmanhimself，hisoriginandconstitution，withinthatunitywhichhehadpreviouslysoughttotracethroughallloweranimalforms。Thegrowthofopinionintheinterval，dueinchiefmeasuretohisownintermediateworks，hasplacedthediscussionofthisprobleminapositionverymuchinadvanceofthatheldbyitfifteenyearsago。TheproblemofEvolutionishardlyanylongertobetreatedasoneoffirstprinciples;norhasMr。Darwintodobattleforafirsthearingofhiscentralhypothesis，upborneasitisbyaphalanxofnamesfullofdistinctionandpromise，ineitherhemisphere。\"
Theinfoldedpointofthehumanear，discoveredbyMr。Woolner，anddescribedinthe’DescentofMan，’seemsespeciallytohavestruckthepopularimagination;myfatherwrotetoMr。Woolner:——
\"Thetipstotheearshavebecomequitecelebrated。Onereviewer（’Nature’）saystheyoughttobecalled，asIsuggestedinjoke，AngulusWoolnerianus。（’Nature’April6，1871。ThetermsuggestedisAngulusWoolnerii。）AGermanisveryproudtofindthathehasthetipswelldeveloped，andIbelievewillsendmeaphotographofhisears。\"]
CHARLESDARWINTOJOHNBRODIEINNES。（Rev。J。BrodieInnes，ofMiltonBrodie，formerlyVicarofDown。）
Down，May29[1871]。
MydearInnes，Ihavebeenverygladtoreceiveyourpleasantletter，fortotellyouthetruth，Ihavesometimeswonderedwhetheryouwouldnotthinkmeanoutcastandareprobateafterthepublicationofmylastbook[’Descent’]。（Inaformerletterofmyfather’stoMr。Innes:——\"Weoftendiffered，butyouareoneofthoseraremortalsfromwhomonecandifferandyetfeelnoshadeofanimosity，andthatisathingwhichIshouldfeelveryproudof，ifanyonecouldsayitofme。\"）Idonotwonderatallatyournotagreeingwithme，foragoodmanyprofessednaturalistsdonot。YetwhenIseeinhowextraordinaryamannerthejudgmentofnaturalistshaschangedsinceI
publishedthe’Origin，’Ifeelconvincedthattherewillbeintenyearsquiteasmuchunanimityaboutman，asfarashiscorporealframeisconcerned……
[ThefollowinglettersaddressedtoDr。Ogledealwiththeprogressoftheworkonexpression。]
Down，March12[1871]。
MydearDr。Ogle，Ihavereceivedbothyourletters，andtheytellmeallthatIwantedtoknowintheclearestpossibleway，as，indeed，allyourlettershaveeverdone。Ithankyoucordially。Iwillgivethecaseofthemurderer（’ExpressionoftheEmotions，’page294。Thearrestofamurderer，aswitnessedbyDr。Ogleinahospital。）inmyhobby—horseessayonexpression。IfearthattheEustachiantubequestionmusthavecostyouadealoflabour;itisquiteacompletelittleessay。Itisprettyclearthatthemouthisnotopenedundersurprisemerelytoimprovethehearing。
Yetwhydodeafmengenerallykeeptheirmouthsopen？Theotherdayamanherewasmimickingadeaffriend，leaninghisheadforwardandsidewaystothespeaker，withhismouthwellopen;itwasalifelikerepresentationofadeafman。Shakespearesomewheresays:\"Holdyourbreath，listen\"or\"hark，\"Iforgetwhich。Surprisehurriesthebreath，anditseemstomeonecanbreathe，atleasthurriedly，muchquieterthroughtheopenmouththanthroughthenose。Isawtheotherdayyoudoubtedthis。Asobjectionisyourprovinceatpresent，Ithinkbreathingthroughthenoseoughttocomewithinitlikewise，sodoprayconsiderthispoint，andletmehearyourjudgment。Considerthenosetobeaflowertobefertilised，andthenyouwillmakeoutallaboutit。（Dr。Oglehadcorrespondedwithmyfatheronhisownobservationsonthefertilisationofflowers。）Ihavehadtoalludetoyourpaperon’SenseofSmell’（Medico—chirurg。Trans。liii。）;isthepagingright，namely，1，2，3？Ifnot，Iprotestbyallthegodsagainsttheplanfollowedbysome，ofhavingpresentationcopiesfalselypaged;andsodoesRolleston，ashewrotetometheotherday。Inhaste。
Yoursverysincerely，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOW。OGLE。
Down，March25[1871]。
MydearDr。Ogle，Youwillthinkmeahorridbore，butIbegyou，INRELATIONTOANEWPOINT
FOROBSERVATION，toimagineaswellasyoucanthatyousuddenlycomeacrosssomedreadfulobject，andactwithasuddenlittlestart，aSHUDDER
OFHORROR;pleasedothisonceortwice，andobserveyourselfaswellasyoucan，andAFTERWARDSreadtherestofthisnote，whichIhaveconsequentlypinneddown。Ifind，tomysurprise，wheneverIactthusmyplatysmacontracts。Doesyours？（N。B。——Seewhatamanwilldoforscience;Ibeganthisnotewithahorridfib，namely，thatIwantyoutoattendtoanewpoint。（Thepointwasdoubtlessdescribedasanewone，toavoidthepossibilityofDr。Ogle’sattentionbeingdirectedtotheplatysma，amusclewhichhadbeenthesubjectofdiscussioninotherletters。））Iwilltryandgetsomepersonsthustoactwhoaresoluckyasnottoknowthattheyevenpossessthismuscle，sotroublesomeforanyonemakingoutaboutexpression。Isashudderakintotherigororshiveringbeforefever？Ifso，perhapstheplatysmacouldbeobservedinsuchcases。
Pagettoldmethathehadattendedmuchtoshivering，andhadwritteninMS。onthesubject，andbeenmuchperplexedaboutit。Hementionedthatpassingacatheteroftencausesshivering。PerhapsIwillwritetohimabouttheplatysma。Heisalwaysmostkindinaidingmeinallways，butheissooverworkedthatithurtsmyconsciencetotroublehim，forIhaveaconscience，littleasyouhavereasontothinkso。Helpmeifyoucan，andforgiveme。Yourmurderercasehascomeinsplendidlyastheacmeofprostrationfromfear。
Yoursverysincerely，CH。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTODR。OGLE。
Down，April29[1871]。
MydearDr。Ogle，Iamtrulyobligedforallthegreattroublewhichyouhavesokindlytaken。Iamsureyouhavenocausetosaythatyouaresorryyoucangivemenodefiniteinformation，foryouhavegivenmefarmorethanIeverexpectedtoget。Theactionoftheplatysmaisnotveryimportantforme，butIbelievethatyouwillfullyunderstand（forIhavealwaysfanciedthatourmindswereverysimilar）theintolerabledesireIhadnottobeutterlybaffled。NowIknowthatitsometimescontractsfromfearandfromshuddering，butnotapparentlyfromaprolongedstateoffearsuchastheinsanesuffer……
[Mr。Mivart’s’GenesisofSpecies，’——acontributiontotheliteratureofEvolution，whichexcitedmuchattention——waspublishedin1871，beforetheappearanceofthe’DescentofMan。’Tothisbookthefollowingletter（June21，1871）fromthelateChaunceyWrighttomyfatherrefers。
（ChaunceyWrightwasbornatNorthampton，Massachusetts，September20，1830，andcameofafamilysettledinthattownsince1654。Hebecamein1852acomputerintheNauticalAlmanacofficeatCambridge，Mass。，andlivedaquietuneventfullife，supportedbythesmallstipendofhisoffice，andbywhatheearnedfromhisoccasionalarticles，aswellasbyalittleteaching。Hethoughtandreadmuchonmetaphysicalsubjects，butonthewholewithanoutcome（asfarastheworldwasconcerned）notcommensuratetothepowerofhismind。Heseemstohavebeenamanofstrongindividuality，andtohavemadealastingimpressiononhisfriends。
HediedinSeptember，1875。）]:
\"Isend……revisedproofsofanarticlewhichwillbepublishedintheJulynumberofthe’NorthAmericanReview，’sendingitinthehopethatitwillinterestorevenbeofgreatervaluetoyou。Mr。Mivart’sbook[’GenesisofSpecies’]ofwhichthisarticleissubstantiallyareview，seemstomeaverygoodbackgroundfromwhichtopresenttheconsiderationswhichIhaveendeavouredtosetforthinthearticle，indefenceandillustrationofthetheoryofNaturalSelection。Myspecialpurposehasbeentocontributetothetheorybyplacingitinitsproperrelationstophilosophicalenquiriesingeneral。\"（’LettersofChaunceyWright，’byJ。B。Thayer。Privatelyprinted，1878，page230。）
WithregardtotheproofsreceivedfromMr。Wright，myfatherwrotetoMr。
Wallace:]
Down，July9[1871]。
MydearWallace，IsendbythispostareviewbyChaunceyWright，asImuchwantyouropinionofitassoonasyoucansendit。IconsideryouanincomparablybettercriticthanIam。Thearticle，thoughnotveryclearlywritten，andpoorinpartsfromwantofknowledge，seemstomeadmirable。Mivart’sbookisproducingagreateffectagainstNaturalSelection，andmoreespeciallyagainstme。ThereforeifyouthinkthearticleevensomewhatgoodIwillwriteandgetpermissiontopublishitasashillingpamphlet，togetherwiththeMS。additions（enclosed），forwhichtherewasnotroomattheendofthereview……
Iamnowatworkatanewandcheapeditionofthe’Origin，’andshallanswerseveralpointsinMivart’sbook，andintroduceanewchapterforthispurpose;butItreatthesubjectsomuchmoreconcretely，andIdaresaylessphilosophically，thanWright，thatweshallnotinterferewitheachother。YouwillthinkmeabigotwhenIsay，afterstudyingMivart，I
wasneverbeforeinmylifesoconvincedoftheGENERAL（i。e。notindetail）truthoftheviewsinthe’Origin。’IgrievetoseetheomissionofthewordsbyMivart，detectedbyWright。（’NorthAmericanReview，’
volume113，pages83，84。ChaunceyWrightpointsoutthatthewordsomittedare\"essentialtothepointonwhichhe[Mr。Mivart]citesMr。
Darwin’sauthority。\"ItshouldbementionedthatthepassagefromwhichwordsareomittedisnotgivenwithininvertedcommasbyMr。Mivart。）I
complainedtoMivartthatintwocaseshequotesonlythecommencementofsentencesbyme，andthusmodifiesmymeaning;butIneversupposedhewouldhaveomittedwords。ThereareothercasesofwhatIconsiderunfairtreatment。Iconcludewithsorrowthatthoughhemeanstobehonourableheissobigotedthathecannotactfairly……
CHARLESDARWINTOCHAUNCEYWRIGHT。
Down，July14，1871。
MydearSir，Ihavehardlyeverinmylifereadanarticlewhichhasgivenmesomuchsatisfactionasthereviewwhichyouhavebeensokindastosendme。I
agreetoalmosteverythingwhichyousay。Yourmemorymustbewonderfullyaccurate，foryouknowmyworksaswellasIdomyself，andyourpowerofgraspingothermen’sthoughtsissomethingquitesurprising;andthis，asfarasmyexperiencegoes，isaveryrarequality。AsIreadonI
perceivedhowyouhaveacquiredthispower，viz。bythoroughlyanalyzingeachword……NowIamgoingtobegafavour。Willyouprovisionallygivemepermissiontoreprintyourarticleasashillingpamphlet？Iaskonlyprovisionally，asIhavenotyethadtimetoreflectonthesubject。Itwouldcostme，Ifancy，withadvertisements，some20or30pounds;buttheworstisthat，asIhear，pamphletsneverwillsell。Andthismakesmedoubtful。ShouldyouthinkittoomuchtroubletosendmeatitleFORTHE
CHANCE？Thetitleought，Ithink，tohaveMr。Mivart’snameonit……Ifyougrantpermissionandsendatitle，youwillkindlyunderstandthatIwillfirstmakefurtherenquirieswhetherthereisanychanceofapamphletbeingread。
Praybelievemeyoursverysincerelyobliged，CH。DARWIN。
[Thepamphletwaspublishedintheautumn，andonOctober23myfatherwrotetoMr。Wright:——
\"Itpleasesmemuchthatyouaresatisfiedwiththeappearanceofyourpamphlet。Iamsureitwilldoourcausegoodservice;andthissameopinionHuxleyhasexpressedtome。（’LettersofChaunceyWright，’page235。\"]
CHARLESDARWINTOA。R。WALLACE。
Down，July12[1871]……IfeelverydoubtfulhowfarIshallsucceedinansweringMivart，itissodifficulttoanswerobjectionstodoubtfulpoints，andmakethediscussionreadable。Ishallmakeonlyaselection。Theworstofitis，thatIcannotpossiblyhuntthroughallmyreferencesforisolatedpoints，itwouldtakemethreeweeksofintolerablyhardwork。IwishIhadyourpowerofarguingclearly。AtpresentIfeelsickofeverything，andifI
couldoccupymytimeandforgetmydailydiscomforts，orrathermiseries，I
wouldneverpublishanotherword。ButIshallcheerup，Idaresay，soon，havingonlyjustgotoverabadattack。Farewell;GodknowswhyIbotheryouaboutmyself。Icansaynothingmoreaboutmissing—linksthanwhatI
havesaid。Ishouldrelymuchonpre—siluriantimes;butthencomesSirW。
Thomsonlikeanodiousspectre。Farewell……Thereisamostcuttingreviewofmeinthe’Quarterly’（July1871。）;I
haveonlyreadafewpages。TheskillandstylemakemethinkofMivart。
Ishallsoonbeviewedasthemostdespicableofmen。This’QuarterlyReview’temptsmetorepublishCh。Wright，evenifnotreadbyanyone，justtoshowsomeonewillsayawordagainstMivart，andthathis（i。e。
Mivart’s）remarksoughtnottobeswallowedwithoutsomereflection……GodknowswhethermystrengthandspiritwilllastouttowriteachapterversusMivartandothers;IdosohatecontroversyandfeelIshalldoitsobadly。
[Theabove—mentioned’Quarterly’reviewwasthesubjectofanarticlebyMr。HuxleyintheNovembernumberofthe’ContemporaryReview。’Here，also，arediscussedMr。Wallace’s’ContributiontotheTheoryofNaturalSelection，’andthesecondeditionofMr。Mivart’s’GenesisofSpecies。’
WhatfollowsistakenfromMr。Huxley’sarticle。The’Quarterly’reviewer，thoughbeingtosomeextentanevolutionist，believesthatMan\"differsmorefromanelephantoragorilla，thandothesefromthedustoftheearthonwhichtheytread。\"Therevieweralsodeclaresthatmyfatherhas\"withneedlessopposition，setatnaughtthefirstprinciplesofbothphilosophyandreligion。\"Mr。Huxleypassesfromthe’Quarterly’
reviewer’sfurtherstatement，thatthereisnonecessaryoppositionbetweenevolutionandreligion，tothemoredefinitepositiontakenbyMr。Mivart，thattheorthodoxauthoritiesoftheRomanCatholicChurchagreeindistinctlyassertingderivativecreation，sothat\"theirteachingsharmonisewithallthatmodernsciencecanpossiblyrequire。\"HereMr。
Huxleyfeltthewantofthat\"studyofChristianphilosophy\"（atanyrate，initsJesuiticgarb），whichMr。Mivartspeaksof，anditwasawantheatoncesettoworktofillup。HewasthenstayingatSt。Andrews，whencehewrotetomyfather:——
\"Bygreatgoodluckthereisanexcellentlibraryhere，withagoodcopyofSuarez（ThelearnedJesuitonwhomMr。Mivartmainlyrelies。），inadozenbigfolios。AmongtheseIdived，tothegreatastonishmentofthelibrarian，andlookingintothem’asthecarefulrobineyesthedelver’stoil’（vide’Idylls’），Icarriedoffthetwovenerableclaspedvolumeswhichweremostpromising。\"EventhosewhoknowMr。Huxley’sunrivalledpoweroftearingtheheartoutofabookmustmarvelattheskillwithwhichhehasmadeSuarezspeakonhisside。\"SoIhavecomeout，\"hewrote，\"inthenewcharacterofadefenderofCatholicorthodoxy，andupsetMivartoutofthemouthofhisownprophet。\"
TheremainderofMr。Huxley’scritiqueislargelyoccupiedwithadissectionofthe’Quarterly’reviewer’spsychology，andhisethicalviews。
Hedeals，too，withMr。Wallace’sobjectionstothedoctrineofEvolutionbynaturalcauseswhenappliedtothementalfacultiesofMan。Finally，hedevotesacoupleofpagestojustifyinghisdescriptionofthe’Quarterly’
reviewer’s\"treatmentofMr。Darwinasalikeunjustandunbecoming。\"
ItwillbeseenthatthetwofollowingletterswerewrittenbeforethepublicationofMr。Huxley’sarticle。]
CHARLESDARWINTOT。H。HUXLEY。
Down，September21[1871]。
MydearHuxley，Yourletterhaspleasedmeinmanyways，toawonderfuldegree……Whatawonderfulmanyouaretograpplewiththoseoldmetaphysico—divinitybooks。
ItquitedelightsmethatyouaregoingtosomeextenttoanswerandattackMivart。Hisbook，asyousay，hasproducedagreateffect;yesterdayI
perceivedthereverberationsfromit，evenfromItaly。ItwasthisthatmademeaskChaunceyWrighttopublishatmyexpensehisarticle，whichseemstomeveryclever，thoughill—written。HehasnotknowledgeenoughtograpplewithMivartindetail。Ithinktherecanbenoshadowofdoubtthatheistheauthorofthearticleinthe’QuarterlyReview’……Iampreparinganeweditionofthe’Origin，’andshallintroduceanewchapterinanswertomiscellaneousobjections，andshallgiveupthegreaterparttoanswerMivart’scasesofdifficultyofincipientstructuresbeingofnouse:andIfinditcanbedoneeasily。Heneverstateshiscasefairly，andmakeswonderfulblunders……Thependulumisnowswingingagainstourside，butIfeelpositiveitwillsoonswingtheotherway;andnomortalmanwilldohalfasmuchasyouingivingitastartintherightdirection，asyoudidatthefirstcommencement。Godforgivemeforwritingsolongandegotisticalaletter;butitisyourfault，foryouhavesodelightedme;Ineverdreamedthatyouwouldhavetimetosayawordindefenceofthecausewhichyouhavesooftendefended。Itwillbealongbattle，afterwearedeadandgone……Greatisthepowerofmisrepresentation……
CHARLESDARWINTOT。H。HUXLEY。
Down，September30[1871]。
MydearHuxley，Itwasverygoodofyoutosendtheproof—sheets，forIwasVERYanxioustoreadyourarticle。Ihavebeendelightedwithit。HowyoudosmashMivart’stheology:itisalmostequaltoyourarticleversusComte（’FortnightlyReview，’1869。WithregardtotherelationsofPositivismtoSciencemyfatherwrotetoMr。Spencerin1875:\"HowcuriousandamusingitistoseetowhatanextentthePositivistshateallmenofscience;I
fancytheyaredimlyconsciouswhatlaughableandgiganticblunderstheirprophetmadeinpredictingthecourseofscience。\"），——thatnevercanbetranscended……ButIhavebeenpreeminentlygladtoreadyourdiscussionon[the’Quarterly’reviewer’s]metaphysics，especiallyaboutreasonandhisdefinitionofit。Ifeltsurehewaswrong，buthavingonlycommonobservationandsensetotrustto，Ididnotknowwhattosayinmysecondeditionofmy’Descent。’Nowafootnoteandreferencetoyouwilldothework……Forme，thisisoneofthemostIMPORTANTpartsofthereview。ButforPLEASURE，Ihavebeenparticularlygladthatmyfewwords（’DescentofMan，’volumei。page87。Adiscussiononthequestionwhetheranactdoneimpulsivelyorinstinctivelycanbecalledmoral。）onthedistinction，ifitcanbesocalled，betweenMivart’stwoformsofmorality，caughtyourattention。Iamsopleasedthatyoutakethesameview，andgiveauthoritiesforit;butIsearchedMillinvainonthishead。Howwellyouarguethewholecase。Iammountingclimaxonclimax;forafterallthereisnothing，Ithink，betterinyourwholereviewthanyourargumentsv。
Wallaceontheintellectofsavages。ImusttellyouwhatHookersaidtomeafewyearsago。\"WhenIreadHuxley，Ifeelquiteinfantileinintellect。\"ByJoveIhavefeltthetruthofthisthroughoutyourreview。
Whatamanyouare。Therearescoresofsplendidpassages，andvividflashesofwit。Ihavebeenagooddealmorethanmerelypleasedbytheconcludingpartofyourreview;andallthemore，asIownIfeltmortifiedbytheaccusationofbigotry，arrogance，etc。，inthe’QuarterlyReview。’
ButIassureyou，hemaywritehisworst，andhewillnevermortifymeagain。
MydearHuxley，yoursgratefully，CHARLESDARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOF。MULLER。
Haredene，Albury，August2[1871]。
MydearSir，Yourlastletterhasinterestedmegreatly;itiswonderfullyrichinfactsandoriginalthoughts。First，letmesaythatIhavebeenmuchpleasedbywhatyousayaboutmybook。IthashadaVERYLARGEsale;butIhavebeenmuchabusedforit，especiallyforthechapteronthemoralsense;andmostofmyreviewersconsiderthebookasapooraffair。Godknowswhatitsmeritsmayreallybe;allthatIknowisthatIdidmybest。WithfamiliarityIthinknaturalistswillacceptsexualselectiontoagreaterextentthantheynowseeminclinedtodo。Ishouldverymuchliketopublishyourletter，butIdonotseehowitcouldbemadeintelligible，withoutnumerouscolouredillustrations，butIwillconsultMr。Wallaceonthishead。Iearnestlyhopethatyoukeepnotesofallyourletters，andthatsomedayyouwillpublishabook:’NotesofaNaturalistinS。
Brazil，’orsomesuchtitle。WallacewillhardlyadmitthepossibilityofsexualselectionwithLepidoptera，andnodoubtitisveryimprobable。
Therefore，Iamverygladtohearofyourcases（whichIwillquoteinthenextedition）ofthetwosetsofHesperiadae，whichdisplaytheirwingsdifferently，accordingtowhichsurfaceiscoloured。Icannotbelievethatsuchdisplayisaccidentalandpurposeless……
Nofactofyourletterhasinterestedmemorethanthataboutmimicry。Itisacapitalfactaboutthemalespursuingthewrongfemales。YouputthedifficultyofthefirststepsinimitationinamoststrikingandCONVINCINGmanner。Yourideaofsexualselectionhavingaidedprotectiveimitationinterestsmegreatly，forthesameideahadoccurredtomeinquitedifferentcases，viz。thedulnessofallanimalsintheGalapagosIslands，Patagonia，etc。，andinsomeothercases;butIwasafraideventohintatsuchanidea。Wouldyouobjecttomygivingsomesuchsentenceasfollows:\"F。Mullersuspectsthatsexualselectionmayhavecomeintoplay，inaidofprotectiveimitation，inaverypeculiarmanner，whichwillappearextremelyimprobabletothosewhodonotfullybelieveinsexualselection。Itisthattheappreciationofcertaincolourisdevelopedinthosespecieswhichfrequentlybeholdotherspeciesthusornamented。\"
Againletmethankyoucordiallyforyourmostinterestingletter……
CHARLESDARWINTOE。B。TYLOR。
Down，[September24，1871]。
MydearSir，IhopethatyouwillallowmetohavethepleasureoftellingyouhowgreatlyIhavebeeninterestedbyyour’PrimitiveCulture，’nowthatIhavefinishedit。Itseemstomeamostprofoundwork，whichwillbecertaintohavepermanentvalue，andtobereferredtoforyearstocome。Itiswonderfulhowyoutraceanimismfromthelowerracesuptothereligiousbeliefofthehighestraces。Itwillmakemeforthefuturelookatreligion——abeliefinthesoul，etc。——fromanewpointofview。Howcurious，also，arethesurvivalsorrudimentsofoldcustoms……Youwillperhapsbesurprisedatmywritingatsolateaperiod，butIhavehadthebookreadaloudtome，andfrommuchill—healthoflatecouldonlystandoccasionalshortreads。Theundertakingmusthavecostyougiganticlabour。Nevertheless，Iearnestlyhopethatyoumaybeinducedtotreatmoralsinthesameenlargedyetcarefulmanner，asyouhaveanimism。I
fancyfromthelastchapterthatyouhavethoughtofthis。Nomancoulddotheworksowellasyou，andthesubjectassuredlyisamostimportantandinterestingone。Youmustnowpossessreferenceswhichwouldguideyoutoasoundestimationofthemoralsofsavages;andhowwriterslikeWallace，Lubbock，etc。，etc。，dodifferonthishead。Forgivemefortroublingyou，andbelieveme，withmuchrespect，Yoursverysincerely，CH。DARWIN。
1872。
[Atthebeginningoftheyearthesixtheditionofthe’Origin，’whichhadbeenbeguninJune，1871，wasnearlycompleted。ThelastsheetwasrevisedonJanuary10，1872，andthebookwaspublishedinthecourseofthemonth。
Thisvolumediffersfromthepreviousonesinappearanceandsize——itconsistsof458pagesinsteadof596pagesandisafewounceslighter;itisprintedonbadpaper，insmalltype，andwiththelinesunpleasantlyclosetogether。Ithad，however，oneadvantageoverpreviouseditions，namelythatitwasissuedatalowerprice。Itistoberegrettedthatthisthefinaleditionofthe’Origin’shouldhaveappearedinsounattractiveaform;aformwhichhasdoubtlesskeptoffmanyreadersfromthebook。
Thediscussionsuggestedbythe’GenesisofSpecies’wasperhapsthemostimportantadditiontothebook。Theobjectionthatincipientstructurescannotbeofusewasdealtwithinsomedetail，becauseitseemedtotheauthorthatthiswasthepointinMr。Mivart’sbookwhichhasstruckmostreadersinEngland。
Itisastrikingproofofhowwideandgeneralhadbecometheacceptanceofhisviewsthatmyfatherfounditnecessarytoinsert（sixthedition，page424），thesentence:\"Asarecordofaformerstateofthings，Ihaveretainedintheforegoingparagraphsandalsoelsewhere，severalsentenceswhichimplythatnaturalistsbelieveintheseparatecreationofeachspecies;andIhavebeenmuchcensuredforhavingthusexpressedmyself。
Butundoubtedlythiswasthegeneralbeliefwhenthefirsteditionofthepresentworkappeared……Nowthingsarewhollychanged，andalmosteverynaturalistadmitsthegreatprincipleofevolution。\"
Asmallcorrectionintroducedintothissixtheditionisconnectedwithoneofhisminorpapers:\"NoteonthehabitsofthePampasWoodpecker。\"
（Zoolog。Soc。Proc。1870。）Inthefiftheditionofthe’Origin，’page220，hewrote:——
\"YetasIcanassertnotonlyfrommyownobservation，butfromthatoftheaccurateAzara，it[thegroundwoodpecker]neverclimbsatree。\"ThepaperinquestionwasareplytoMr。Hudson’sremarksonthewoodpeckerinapreviousnumberofthesamejournal。Thelastsentenceofmyfather’spaperisworthquotingforitstemperatetone:\"Finally，ItrustthatMr。
HudsonismistakenwhenhesaysthatanyoneacquaintedwiththehabitsofthisbirdmightbeinducedtobelievethatI’hadpurposelywrestedthetruth’inordertoprovemytheory。Heexoneratesmefromthischarge;butIshouldbeloathtothinkthattherearemanynaturalistswho，withoutanyevidence，wouldaccuseafellow—workeroftellingadeliberatefalsehoodtoprovehistheory。\"Inthesixthedition，page142，thepassageruns\"incertainlargedistrictsitdoesnotclimbtrees。\"AndhegoesontogiveMr。Hudson’sstatementthatinotherregionsitdoesfrequenttrees。
Oneoftheadditionsinthesixthedition（page149），wasareferencetoMr。A。Hyatt’sandProfessorCope’stheoryof\"acceleration。\"Withregardtothishewrote（October10，1872）incharacteristicwordstoMr。Hyatt:——