and，alongwithacrowd，disorganizedbutnotmuchscared，thebrigadegotbacktoCentrevilletoourformercamps。Corcoranwascaptured，andheldaprisonerforsometime;butIgotsafetoCentreville。IsawGeneralMcDowellinCentreville，andunderstoodthatseveralofhisdivisionshadnotbeenengagedatall，thathewouldreorganizethematCentreville，andthereawaittheenemy。I
gotmyfourregimentsinparallellinesinafield，thesameinwhichwehadcampedbeforethebattle，andhadlaindowntosleepunderatree，whenIheardsomeoneaskingforme。IcalledoutwhereIwas，whenGeneralTylerinpersongavemeorderstomarchbacktoourcampsatFortCorcoran。Iarousedmyaides，gavethemorderstocallupthesleepingmen，haveeachregimenttoleavethefieldbyaflankandtotakethesameroadbackbywhichwehadcome。Itwasnearmidnight，andtheroadwasfulloftroops，wagons，andbatteries。Wetriedtokeepourregimentsseparate，butallbecameinextricablymixed。TowardmorningwereachedVienna，whereIsleptsomehours，andthenextday，aboutnoon，wereachedFortCorcoran。
Aslow，mizzlingrainhadsetin，andprobablyamoregloomydayneverpresenteditself。Allorganizationseemedtobeatanend;
butIandmystafflaboredhardtocollectourmenintotheirpropercompaniesandintotheirformercamps，and，onthe23dofJuly，ImovedtheSecondWisconsinandSeventy—ninthNewYorkcloserintoFortCorcoran，andgotthingsinbetterorderthanI
hadexpected。Ofcourse，wetookitforgrantedthattherebelswouldbeonourheels，andweaccordinglypreparedtodefendourposts。Bythe25thIhadcollectedallthematerials，mademyreport，andhadmybrigadeaboutaswellgovernedasanyinthatarmy;althoughmostoftheninety—daymen，especiallytheSixty—ninth，hadbecomeextremelytiredofthewar，andwantedtogohome。Someofthemweresomutinous，atonetime，thatIhadthebatterytounlimber，threatening，iftheydaredtoleavecampwithoutorders，Iwouldopenfireonthem。Drillsandthedailyexerciseswereresumed，andIorderedthatatthethreeprincipalroll—callsthemenshouldformrankswithbeltsandmuskets，andthattheyshouldkeeptheirranksuntilIinpersonhadreceivedthereportsandhaddismissedthem。TheSixty—ninthstilloccupiedFortCorcoran，andonemorning，afterreveille，whenIhadjustreceivedthereport，haddismissedtheregiment，andwasleaving，I
foundmyselfinacrowdofmencrossingthedrawbridgeontheirwaytoabarncloseby，wheretheyhadtheirsinks;amongthemwasanofficer，whosaid:\"Colonel，IamgoingtoNewYorktoday。WhatcanIdoforyou？\"Ianswered:\"HowcanyougotoNewYork？Idonotremembertohavesignedaleaveforyou。\"Hesaid，\"No;hedidnotwantaleave。Hehadengagedtoservethreemonths，andhadalreadyservedmorethanthattime。IftheGovernmentdidnotintendtopayhim，hecouldaffordtolosethemoney;thathewasalawyer，andhadneglectedhisbusinesslongenough，andwasthengoinghome。\"Inoticedthatagoodmanyofthesoldiershadpausedaboutustolisten，andknewthat，ifthisofficercoulddefyme，theyalsowould。SoIturnedonhimsharp，andsaid:\"Captain，thisquestionofyourtermofservicehasbeensubmittedtotherightfulauthority，andthedecisionhasbeenpublishedinorders。
Youareasoldier，andmustsubmittoorderstillyouareproperlydischarged。Ifyouattempttoleavewithoutorders，itwillbemutiny，andIwillshootyoulikeadog！Gobackintothefortnow，instantly，anddon’tdaretoleavewithoutmyconsent。\"Ihadonanovercoat，andmayhavehadmyhandaboutthebreast，forhelookedatmehard，pausedamoment，andthenturnedbackintothefort。Themenscattered，andIreturnedtothehousewhereIwasquartered，closeby。
Thatsameday，whichmusthavebeenaboutJuly26th，Iwasneartheriver—bank，lookingatablock—housewhichhadbeenbuiltforthedefenseoftheaqueduct，whenIsawacarriagecomingbytheroadthatcrossedthePotomacRiveratGeorgetownbyaferry。IthoughtIrecognizedinthecarriagethepersonofPresidentLincoln。I
hurriedacrossabend，soastostandbytheroad—sideasthecarriagepassed。Iwasinuniform，withaswordon，andwasrecognizedbyMr。LincolnandMr。Seward，whorodesidebysideinanopenhack。Iinquirediftheyweregoingtomycamps，andMr。
Lincolnsaid:\"Yes;weheardthatyouhadgotoverthebigscare，andwethoughtwewouldcomeoverandseethe’boys。’\"Theroadshadbeenmuchchangedandwererough。IaskedifImightgivedirectionstohiscoachman，hepromptlyinvitedmetojumpinandtotellthecoachmanwhichwaytodrive。Intendingtobeginontherightandfollowroundtotheleft，Iturnedthedriverintoaside—roadwhichledupaverysteephill，and，seeingasoldier，calledtohimandsenthimuphurriedlytoannouncetothecolonel（Bennett，Ithink）thatthePresidentwascoming:Asweslowlyascendedthehill，IdiscoveredthatMr。Lincolnwasfulloffeeling，andwantedtoencourageourmen。Iaskedifheintendedtospeaktothem，andhesaidhewouldliketo。Iaskedhimthentopleasediscourageallcheering，noise，oranysortofconfusion;
thatwehadhadenoughofitbeforeBullRuntoruinanysetofmen，andthatwhatweneededwerecool，thoughtful，hard—fightingsoldiers——nomorehurrahing，nomorehumbug。Hetookmyremarksinthemostperfectgood—nature。Beforewehadreachedthefirstcamp，Iheardthedrumbeatingthe\"assembly，\"sawthemenrunningfortheirtents，andinafewminutestheregimentwasinline，armspresented，andthenbroughttoanorderand\"paraderest！\"
Mr。Lincolnstoodupinthecarriage，andmadeoneoftheneatest，best，andmostfeelingaddressesIeverlistenedto，referringtoourlatedisasteratBullRun，thehighdutiesthatstilldevolvedonus，andthebrighterdaysyettocome。Atoneortwopointsthesoldiersbegantocheer，buthepromptlycheckedthem，saying:
\"Don’tcheer，boys。IconfessIratherlikeitmyself，butColonelShermanheresaysitisnotmilitary;andIguesswehadbetterdefertohisopinion。\"Inwindingup，heexplainedthat，asPresident，hewascommander—in—chief;thathewasresolvedthatthesoldiersshouldhaveeverythingthatthelawallowed;andhecalledononeandalltoappealtohimpersonallyincasetheywerewronged。Theeffectofthisspeechwasexcellent。
Wepassedalonginthesamemannertoallthecampsofmybrigade;
andMr。Lincolncomplimentedmehighlyfortheorder，cleanliness，anddiscipline，thatheobserved。Indeed，heandMr。Sewardbothassuredmethatitwasthefirstbrightmomenttheyhadexperiencedsincethebattle。
AtlastwereachedFortCorcoran。Thecarriagecouldnotenter，soIorderedtheregiment，withoutarms，tocomeoutside，andgatheraboutMr。Lincoln，whowouldspeaktothem。Hemadetothemthesamefeelingaddress，withmorepersonalallusions，becauseoftheirspecialgallantryinthebattleunderCorcoran，whowasstillaprisonerinthehandsoftheenemy;andheconcludedwiththesamegeneralofferofredressincaseofgrievances。InthecrowdI
sawtheofficerwithwhomIhadhadthepassageatreveillethatmorning。Hisfacewaspale，andlipscompressed。Iforesawascene，butsatonthefrontseatofthecarriageasquietasalamb。Thisofficerforcedhiswaythroughthecrowdtothecarriage，andsaid:\"Mr。President，Ihaveacauseofgrievance。
ThismorningIwenttospeaktoColonelSherman，andhethreatenedtoshootme。\"Mr。Lincoln，whowasstillstanding，said，\"Threatenedtoshootyou？\"\"Yes，sir，hethreatenedtoshootme。\"
Mr。Lincolnlookedathim，thenatme，andstoopinghistall，spareformtowardtheofficer，saidtohiminaloudstage—whisper，easilyheardforsomeyardsaround:\"Well，ifIwereyou，andhethreatenedtoshoot，Iwouldnottrusthim，forIbelievehewoulddoit。\"Theofficerturnedaboutanddisappeared，andthemenlaughedathim。Soonthecarriagedroveon，and，aswedescendedthehill，IexplainedthefactstothePresident，whoanswered，\"OfcourseIdidn’tknowanythingaboutit，butIthoughtyouknewyourownbusinessbest。\"Ithankedhimforhisconfidence，andassuredhimthatwhathehaddonewouldgofartoenablemetomaintaingooddiscipline，anditdid。
Bythistimethedaywaswellspent。Iaskedtotakemyleave，andthePresidentandMr。SewarddrovebacktoWashington。Thisspiritofmutinywascommontothewholearmy，andwasnotsubduedtillseveralregimentsorpartsofregimentshadbeenorderedtoFortJefferson，Florida，aspunishment。
GeneralMcDowellhadresumedhisheadquartersattheArlingtonHouse，andwasbusilyengagedinrestoringordertohisarmy，sendingofftheninety—daysmen，andreplacingthembyregimentswhichhadcomeunderthethree—yearscall。Wewerealltremblinglestweshouldbeheldpersonallyaccountableforthedisastrousresultofthebattle。GeneralMcClellanhadbeensummonedfromtheWesttoWashington，andchangesinthesubordinatecommandswereannouncedalmostdaily。Iremember，asagroupofofficersweretalkinginthelargeroomoftheArlingtonHouse，usedastheadjutant—general’soffice，oneevening，someyoungofficercameinwithalistofthenewbrigadiersjustannouncedattheWarDepartment，which—embracedthenamesofHeintzehvan，Keyes，Franklin，AndrewPorter，W。T。Sherman，andothers，whohadbeencolonelsinthebattle，andallofwhomhadsharedthecommonstampede。Ofcourse，wediscreditedthetruthofthelist;andHeintzehvanbrokeoutinhisnasalvoice，\"Boys，it’sallalie！
everymother’ssonofyouwillbecashiered。\"Weallfelthewasright，but，nevertheless，itwastrue;andwewereallannouncedingeneralordersasbrigadier—generalsofvolunteers。
GeneralMcClellanarrived，and，onassumingcommand，confirmedMcDowell’sorganization。Insteadofcomingovertheriver，asweexpected，hetookahouseinWashington，andonlycameoverfromtimetotimetohavearevieworinspection。
Ihadreceivedseveralnewregiments，andhadbeguntwonewfortsonthehillorplateau，aboveandfartheroutthanFortCorcoran;
andIorganizedasystemofdrills，embracingtheevolutionsoftheline，allofwhichwasnewtome，andIhadtolearnthetacticsfrombooks;butIwasconvincedthatwehadalong，hardwarbeforeus，andmadeupmymindtobeginattheverybeginningtoprepareforit。
Augustwaspassing，andtroopswerepouringinfromallquarters;
GeneralMcClellantoldmeheintendedtoorganizeanarmyofahundredthousandmen，withonehundredfield—batteries，andIstillhopedhewouldcomeonoursideofthePotomac，pitchhistent，andprepareforrealhardwork，buthisheadquartersstillremainedinahouseinWashingtonCity。Ithenthought，andstillthink，thatwasafatalmistake。Hischoiceasgeneral—in—chiefatthetimewasfullyjustifiedbyhishighreputationinthearmyandcountry，and，ifhethenhadanypoliticalviewsorambition，Isurelydidnotsuspectit。
AboutthemiddleofAugustIgotanotefromBrigadier—GeneralRobertAnderson，askingmetocomeandseehimathisroomatWillard’sHotel。Irodeoverandfoundhiminconversationwithseveralgentlemen，andheexplainedtomethateventsinKentuckywereapproachingacrisis;thattheLegislaturewasinsession，andready，assoonasproperlybackedbytheGeneralGovernment，totakeopensidesfortheUnioncause;thathewasofferedthecommandoftheDepartmentoftheCumberland，toembraceKentucky，Tennessee，etc。，andthathewantedhelp，andthatthePresidenthadofferedtoallowhimtoselectoutofthenewbrigadiersfourofhisownchoice。IhadbeenalieutenantinCaptainAnderson’scompany，atFortMoultrie，from1843to1846，andheexplainedthathewantedmeashisrighthand。HealsoindicatedGeorgeH。
Thomas，D。C。Buell，andBurnside，astheotherthree。Ofcourse，IalwayswantedtogoWest，andwasperfectlywillingtogowithAnderson，especiallyinasubordinatecapacity:WeagreedtocallonthePresidentonasubsequentday，totalkwithhimaboutit，andwedid。IthardlyseemsprobablethatMr。LincolnshouldhavecometoWillard’sHoteltomeetus，butmyimpressionisthathedid，andthatGeneralAndersonhadsomedifficultyinprevailingonhimtoappointGeorgeH。Thomas，anativeofVirginia，tobebrigadier—general，becausesomanySouthernofficers，hadalreadyplayedfalse;butIwasstillmoreemphaticinmyindorsementofhimbyreasonofmytalkwithhimatthetimehecrossedthePotomacwithPatterson’sarmy，whenMr。LincolnpromisedtoappointhimandtoassignhimtodutywithGeneralAnderson。InthisinterviewwithMr。Lincoln，Ialsoexplainedtohimmyextremedesiretoserveinasubordinatecapacity，andinnoeventtobeleftinasuperiorcommand。Hepromisedmethiswithpromptness，makingthejocularremarkthathischieftroublewastofindplacesforthetoomanygeneralswhowantedtobeattheheadofaffairs，tocommandarmies，etc。
Theofficialorderisdated:
[SpecialOrderNo。114。]
HEADQUARTERSOFTHEARMY
Washington，August24，1881。
Thefollowingassignmentismadeofthegeneralofficersofthevolunteerservice，whoseappointmentwasannouncedinGeneralOrdersNo。82，fromtheWarDepartmentTotheDepartmentoftheCumberland，Brigadier—GeneralRobertAndersoncommanding:
Brigadier—GeneralW。T。Sherman，Brigadier—GeneralGeorgeH。Thomas。
BycommandofLieutenant—GeneralScott:
E。D。TOWNSEND，Assistantadjutant—General。
Aftersomedays，IwasrelievedincommandofmybrigadeandpostbyBrigadierGeneralFitz—JohnPorter，andatoncetookmydepartureforCincinnati，Ohio，viaCresson，Pennsylvania，whereGeneralAndersonwaswithhisfamily;andhe，Thomas，andI，metbyappointmentatthehouseofhisbrother，LarzAnderson，Esq。，inCincinnati。Wewerethereonthe1stand2dofSeptember，whenseveralprominentgentlemenofKentuckymetus，todiscussthesituation，amongwhomwereJackson，Harlan，Speed，andothers。Atthattime，WilliamNelson，anofficerofthenavy，hadbeencommissionedabrigadier—generalofvolunteers，andhadhiscampatDickRobinson，afewmilesbeyondtheKentuckyRiver，southofNicholasville;andBrigadier—GeneralL。H。RousseauhadanothercampatJeffersonville，oppositeLouisville。TheStateLegislaturewasinsessionatFrankfort，andwasreadytotakedefiniteactionassoonasGeneralAndersonwasprepared，fortheStatewasthreatenedwithinvasionfromTennessee，bytwoforces:onefromthedirectionofNashville，commandedbyGeneralsAlbertSidneyJohnstonandBuckner;andtheotherfromthedirectionofCumberlandGap，commandedbyGeneralsCrittendenandZollicoffer。
GeneralAndersonsawthathehadnotforceenoughtoresistthesetwocolumns，andconcludedtosendmeinpersonforhelptoIndianapolisandSpringfield，toconferwiththeGovernorsofIndiana，andIllinois，andtoGeneralFremont，whocommandedinSt。
Louis。
McClellanandFremontwerethetwomentowardwhomthecountrylookedasthegreatUnionleaders，andtowardthemwerestreamingthenewly—raisedregimentsofinfantryandcavalry，andbatteriesofartillery;nobodyseemingtothinkoftheinterveninglinkcoveredbyKentucky。WhileIwastomakethistour，GeneralsAndersonandThomasweretogotoLouisvilleandinitiatethedepartment。Noneofushadastaff，oranyofthemachineryfororganizinganarmy，and，indeed，wehadnoarmytoorganize。
AndersonwasempoweredtoraiseregimentsinKentucky，andtocommissionafewbrigadier—generals。
AtIndianapolisIfoundGovernorMortonandalltheStateofficialsbusyinequippingandprovidingforthenewregiments，andmyobjectwastodivertsomeofthemtowardKentucky;buttheywerecalledforasfastastheyweremusteredin，eitherforthearmyofMcClellanorFremont。AtSpringfieldalsoIfoundthesamegeneralactivityandzeal，GovernorYatesbusyinprovidingforhismen;
butthesemenalsohadbeenpromisedtoFremont。IthenwentontoSt。Louis，whereallwasseemingactivity，bustle，andpreparation。
MeetingR。M。RenickatthePlanters’House（whereIstopped），I
inquiredwhereIcouldfindGeneralFremont。Renicksaid，\"WhatdoyouwantwithGeneralFremont？\"IsaidIhadcometoseehimonbusiness;andheadded，\"Youdon’tsupposethathewillseesuchasyou？andwentontoretailallthescandaloftheday:thatFremontwasagreatpotentate，surroundedbysentriesandguards;thathehadamoreshowycourtthananyrealking;thathekeptsenators，governors，andthefirstcitizens，dancingattendancefordaysandweeksbeforegrantinganaudience，etc。;thatifIexpectedtoseehimonbusiness，Iwouldhavetomakemyapplicationinwriting，andsubmittoaclosescrutinybyhischiefofstaffandbyhiscivilsurroundings。OfcourseIlaughedatallthis，andrenewedmysimpleinquiryastowherewashisoffice，andwasinformedthatheresidedandhadhisofficeatMajorBrant’snewhouseonChouteauAvenue。Itwasthenlateintheafternoon，andI
concludedtowaittillthenextmorning;butthatnightIreceivedadispatchfromGeneralAndersoninLouisvilletohurryback，aseventswerepressing，andheneededme。
Accordingly，Iroseearlynextmorningbeforedaybreak，gotbreakfastwiththeearlyrailroad—passengers，andaboutsunrisewasatthegateofGeneralFremont’sheadquarters。Asentinelwithdrawnsabreparadedupanddowninfrontofthehouse。Ihadonmyundressuniformindicatingmyrank，andinquiredofthesentinel，\"IsGeneralFremontup？\"Heanswered，\"Idon’tknow。\"Seeingthathewasasoldierbyhisbearing，Ispokeinasharp，emphaticvoice，\"Thenfindout。\"Hecalledforthecorporaloftheguard，andsoonafine—lookingGermansergeantcame，towhomIaddressedthesameinquiry。Heinturndidnotknow，andIbadehimfindout，asIhadimmediateandimportantbusinesswiththegeneral。
Thesergeantenteredthehousebythefront—basementdoor，andaftertenorfifteenminutesthemainfront—doorabovewasslowlyopenedfromtheinside，andwhoshouldappearbutmyoldSanFranciscoacquaintanceIsaiahC。Woods，whomIhadnotseenorheardofsincehisflighttoAustralia，atthetimeofthefailureofAdams&Co。in1851！Heusheredmeinhastily，closedthedoor，andconductedmeintotheofficeontherightofthehall。Weweregladtomeet，aftersolongandeventfulaninterval，andmutuallyinquiredafterourrespectivefamiliesandspecialacquaintances。
Ifoundthathewasacommissionedofficer，amajorondutywithFremont，andMajorEaton，nowofthepaymaster’sDepartment，wasinthesameofficewithhim。IexplainedtothemthatIhadcomefromGeneralAnderson，andwantedtoconferwithGeneralFremontinperson。Woodsleftme，butsoonreturned，saidthegeneralwouldseemeinaveryfewminutes，andwithintenminutesIwasshownacrossthehallintothelargeparlor，whereGeneralFremontreceivedmeverypolitely。Wehadmetbefore，asearlyas1847，inCalifornia，andIhadalsoseenhimseveraltimeswhenhewassenator。ItheninarapidmannerranoverallthepointsofinterestinGeneralAnderson’snewsphereofaction，hopedhewouldspareusfromthenewlevieswhattroopshecould，andgenerallyactinconcertwithus。HetoldmethathisfirstbusinesswouldbetodrivetherebelGeneralPriceandhisarmyoutofMissouri，whenhewouldturnhisattentiondowntheMississippi。Heaskedmyopinionaboutthevariouskindsoffield—artillerywhichmanufacturerswerethrustingonhim，especiallythethennewly—
inventedJamesgun，andafterwardourconversationtookawideturnaboutthecharacteroftheprincipalcitizensofSt。Louis，withwhomIwaswellacquainted。
TellingGeneralFremontthatIhadbeensummonedtoLouisvilleandthatIshouldleaveinthefirsttrain，viz。，at3p。m。，Itookmyleaveofhim。ReturningtoWood’soffice，IfoundtheretwomoreCalifornians，viz。，Messrs。PalmerandHaskell，soIfeltthat，whileFremontmightbesuspiciousofothers，heallowedfreeingresstohisoldCaliforniaacquaintances。
ReturningtothePlanters’House，IheardofBeard，anotherCalifornian，aMormon，whohadthecontractforthelineofredoubtswhichFremonthadorderedtobeconstructedaroundthecity，beforehewouldtakehisdeparturefortheinterioroftheState;andwhileIstoodneartheoffice—counter，IsawoldBaronSteinberger，aprinceamongourearlyCaliforniaadventurers，comeinandlookovertheregister。Iavoidedhimonpurpose，buthispresenceinSt。Louisrecalledthemaxim，\"Wherethevulturesare，thereisacarcasscloseby;\"andIsuspectedthattheprofitablecontractsofthequartermaster，McKinstry，haddrawntoSt。LouissomeofthemostenterprisingmenofCalifornia。Isuspecttheycanaccountforthefactthat，inaveryshorttime，FremontfellfromhishighestateinMissouri，byreasonoffrauds，orsupposedfrauds，intheadministrationoftheaffairsofhiscommand。
IleftSt。LouisthatafternoonandreachedLouisvillethenextmorning。IfoundGeneralAndersonquarteredattheLouisvilleHotel，andhehadtakenadwellinghoneson_____Streetasanoffice。CaptainO。D。Greenswashisadjutant—general，LieutenantThrockmortonhisaide，andCaptainPrime，oftheEngineerCorps，wasondutywithhim。GeneralGeorgeH。ThomashadbeendispatchedtocampDickRobinson，torelieveNelson。
Thecitywasfullofallsortsofrumors。TheLegislature，movedbyconsiderationspurelyofapoliticalnature，hadtakenthestep，whateveritwas，thatamountedtoanadherencetotheUnion，insteadofjoiningthealready—secededStates。Thiswasuniversallyknowntobethesignalforaction。Foritwewereutterlyunprepared，whereastherebelswerefullyprepared。
GeneralSidneyJohnstonimmediatelycrossedintoKentucky，andadvancedasfarasBowlingGreen，whichhebegantofortify，andthencedispatchedGeneralBucknerwithadivisionforwardtowardLouisville;GeneralZollicoffer，inlikemanner，enteredtheStateandadvancedasfarasSomerset。OnthedayIreachedLouisvilletheexcitementranhigh。ItwasknownthatColumbus，Kentucky，hadbeenoccupied，September7th，byastrongrebelforce，underGeneralsPillowandPolk，andthatGeneralGranthadmovedfromCairoandoccupiedPaducahinforceonthe6th。ManyoftherebelfamiliesexpectedBucknertoreachLouisvilleatanymoment。Thatnight，GeneralAndersonsentforme，andIfoundwithhimMr。
Guthrie，presidentoftheLouisville&NashvilleRailroad，whohadinhishandsadispatchtotheeffectthatthebridgeacrosstheRollingForkofSaltCreek，lessthanthirtymilesout，hadbeenburned，andthatBuckner’sforce，enrouteforLouisville，hadbeendetainedbeyondGreenRiverbyatrainthrownfromthetrack。WelearnedafterwardthatamannamedBirdhaddisplacedarailonpurposetothrowthetrainoffthetrack，andtherebygiveustime。
Mr。GuthrieexplainedthatintheravinejustbeyondSaltCreekwereseveralhighandimportanttrestleswhich，ifdestroyed，wouldtakemonthstoreplace，andGeneralAndersonthoughtitwell。
worththeefforttosavethem。Also，onMuldraugh’sHillbeyond，wasastrongposition，whichhadinformeryearsbeenusedasthesitefortheState\"CampofInstruction，\"andweallsupposedthatGeneralBuckner，whowasfamiliarwiththeground，wasaimingforapositionthere，fromwhichtooperateonLouisville。
AllthetroopswehadtocounteractBucknerwereRousseau’sLegion，andafewHomeGuardsinLouisville。TheformerwerestillencampedacrosstheriveratJeffersonville;soGeneralAndersonorderedmetogoover，andwiththem，andsuchHomeGuardsaswecouldcollect，maketheefforttosecurepossessionofMuldraugh’sHillbeforeBucknercouldreachit。ItookCaptainPrimewithme;
andcrossedovertoRousseau’scamp。Thelong—rollwasbeaten，andwithinanhourthemen，tothenumberofaboutonethousand，weremarchingfortheferry—boatandfortheNashvilledepot。MeantimeGeneralAndersonhadsenttocollectsomeHomeGuards，andMr。
Guthrietogetthetrainsready。Itwasaftermidnightbeforewebegantomove。Thetrainsproceededslowly，anditwasdaybreakwhenwereachedLebanonJunction，twenty—sixmilesout，wherewedisembarked，andmarchedtothebridgeoverSaltRiver，whichwefoundhadbeenburnt;whethertopreventBucknercomingintoLouisville，orusfromgoingout，wasnotclear。Rousseau’sLegionfordedthestreamandmarcheduptotheStateCampofInstruction，findingthehightrestlesallsecure。Therailroadhandswenttoworkatoncetorebuildthebridge。IremainedacoupleofdaysatLebanonJunction，duringwhichGeneralAndersonforwardedtworegimentsofvolunteersthathadcometohim。BeforethebridgewasdoneweadvancedthewholecamptothesummitofMuldraugh’sHill，justbackofElizabethtown。ThereIlearneddefinitelythatGeneralBucknerhadnotcrossedGreenRiveratall，thatGeneralSidneyJohnstonwasfortifyingBowlingGreen，andpreparingforasystematicadvanceintoKentucky，ofwhichhewasanative，andwithwhosepeopleandgeographyhemusthavebeenfamiliar。AsfastasfreshtroopsreachedLouisville，theyweresentouttomeatMuldraugh’sHill，whereIwasendeavoringtoputthemintoshapeforservice，andbythe1stofOctoberIhadtheequivalentofadivisionoftwobrigadespreparingtomoveforwardtowardGreenRiver。ThedailycorrespondencebetweenGeneralAndersonandmyselfsatisfiedmethattheworryandharassmentatLouisvillewereexhaustinghisstrengthandhealth，andthathewouldsoonleave。Onatelegraphicsummonsfromhim，aboutthe5thofOctober，IwentdowntoLouisville，whenGeneralAndersonsaidhecouldnotstandthementaltortureofhiscommandanylonger，andthathemustgoaway，oritwouldkillhim。Onthe8thofOctoberheactuallypublishedanorderrelinquishingthecommand，and，byreasonofmyseniority，Ihadnoalternativebuttoassumecommand，thoughmuchagainstthegrain，andindirectviolationofMr。
Lincoln’spromisetome。Iamcertainthat，inmyearliestcommunicationtotheWarDepartment，Irenewedtheexpressionofmywishtoremaininasubordinateposition，andthatIreceivedtheassurancethatBrigadier—GeneralBuellwouldsoonarrivefromCalifornia，andwouldbesenttorelieveme。BythattimeIhadbecomeprettyfamiliarwiththegeographyandthegeneralresourcesofKentucky。WehadpartiesallovertheStateraisingregimentsandcompanies;butitwasmanifestthattheyoungmenweregenerallyinclinedtothecauseoftheSouth，whiletheoldermenofpropertywantedtobeletalone——i。e。，toremainneutral。Astoaforwardmovementthatfall，itwassimplyimpracticable;forwewereforcedtousedivergentlines，leadingourcolumnsfartherandfartherapart;andallIcouldattemptwastogoonandcollectforceandmaterialatthetwopointsalreadychosen，viz。，DickRobinsonandElizabethtown。GeneralGeorgeH。Thomasstillcontinuedtocommandtheformer，andonthe12thofOctoberI
dispatchedBrigadier—GeneralA。McD。McCooktocommandthelatter，whichhadbeenmovedforwardtoNolinCreek，fifty—twomilesoutofLouisville，towardBowlingGreen。Staff—officersbegantoarrivetorelieveusoftheconstantdrudgerywhich，uptothattime，hadbeenforcedonGeneralAndersonandmyself;andthesewereallgoodmen。ColonelThomasSwords，quartermaster，arrivedonthe13th;
PaymasterLarnedonthe14th;andLieutenantSmyzer，FifthArtillery，actingordnance—officer，onthe20th;CaptainSymondswasalreadyondutyasthecommissaryofsubsistence;CaptainO。
D。Greenewastheadjutant—general，andcompletedagoodworkingstaff。
Theeverlastingworryofcitizenscomplainingofeverypettydelinquencyofasoldier，andforcingthemselvesforwardtodiscusspolitics，madethepositionofacommandinggeneralnosinecure。I
continuedtostrengthenthetwocorpsforwardandtheirroutesofsupply;allthetimeexpectingthatSidneyJohnston，whowasarealgeneral，andwhohadascorrectinformationofoursituationasI
had，wouldunitehisforcewithZollicoffer，andfallonThomasatDickRobinson，orMcCookatNolin:HadhedonesoinOctober，1861，hecouldhavewalkedintoLouisville，andthevitalpartofthepopulationwouldhavehailedhimasadeliverer。Whyhedidnot，wastomeamysterythenandisnow;forIknowthathesawthemove;andhadhiswagonsloadedupatonetimeforastarttowardFrankfort，passingbetweenourtwocamps。Consciousofourweakness，Iwasunnecessarilyunhappy，anddoubtlessexhibitedittoomuchtothosenearme;butitdidseemtomethattheGovernmentatWashington，intentonthelargerpreparationsofFremontinMissouriandMcClellaninWashington，actuallyignoredusinKentucky。
Aboutthistime，saythemiddleofOctober，Ireceivednotice，bytelegraph，thattheSecretaryofWar，Mr。Cameron（theninSt。
Louis），wouldvisitmeatLouisville，onhiswaybacktoWashington。Iwasdelightedtohaveanopportunitytoproperlyrepresenttheactualstateofaffairs，andgotMr。GuthrietogowithmeacrosstoJeffersonville，tomeettheSecretaryofWarandescorthimtoLouisville。Thetrainwasbehindtime，butMr。
GuthrieandIwaitedtillitactuallyarrived。Mr。CameronwasattendedbyAdjutant—GeneralLorenzoThomas，andsixorsevengentlemenwhoturnedouttobenewspaperreporters。Mr。Cameron’sfirstinquirywas，whenhecouldstartforCincinnati，sayingthat，ashehadbeendetainedatSt。Louissolong，itwasimportantheshouldhurryontoWashington。Iexplainedthattheregularmail—boatwouldleaveverysoon——viz。，at12M。——butIbeggedhimtocomeovertoLouisville;thatIwantedtoseehimonbusinessasimportantasanyinWashington，andhopedhewouldcomeandspendatleastadaywithus。Heaskedifeverythingwasnotwellwithus，andItoldhimfarfromit;thatthingswereactuallybad，asbadasbadcouldbe。Thisseemedtosurprisehim，andMr。Guthrieaddedhispersuasiontomine;whenMr。Cameron，learningthathecouldleaveLouisvillebyrailviaFrankfortnextmorningearly，andmakethesameconnectionsatCincinnati，consentedtogowithustoLouisville，withthedistinctunderstandingthathemustleaveearlythenextmorningforWashington。
Weaccordinglyalltookhacks，crossedtheriverbytheferry，anddrovetotheGaltHouse，whereIwasthenstaying。Brigadier—
GeneralT。J。WoodhadcomedownfromIndianapolisbythesametrain，andwasoneoftheparty。WeallproceededtomyroomonthefirstflooroftheGaltHouse，whereourexcellentlandlord，SilasMiller，Esq。，sentusagoodlunchandsomethingtodrink。
Mr。Cameronwasnotwell，andlayonmybed，butjoinedinthegeneralconversation。HeandhispartyseemedtobefulloftheparticularsofthedevelopmentsinSt。LouisofsomeofFremont’sextravagantcontractsandexpenses，whichweretheoccasionofCameron’striptoSt。Louis，andwhichfinallyresultedinFremont’sbeingrelieved，firstbyGeneralHunter，andafterbyGeneralH。W。Halleck。
Aftersomegeneralconversation，Mr。Cameroncalledtome，\"Now，GeneralSherman，tellusofyourtroubles。\"IsaidIpreferrednottodiscussbusinesswithsomanystrangerspresent。\"Hesaid，\"Theyareallfriends，allmembersofmyfamily，andyoumayspeakyourmindfreelyandwithoutrestraint。\"IamsureIsteppedtothedoor，lockedittopreventintrusion，andthenfullyandfairlyrepresentedthestateofaffairsinKentucky，especiallythesituationandnumbersofmytroops。IcomplainedthatthenewleviesofOhioandIndianaweredivertedEastandWest，andwegotscarcelyanything;thatourforcesatNolinandDickRobinsonwerepowerlessforinvasion，andonlytemptingtoageneralsuchaswebelievedSidneyJohnstontobe;that，ifJohnstonchose，hecouldmarchtoLouisvilleanyday。Cameronexclaimed:\"Youastonishme！
Ourinformants，theKentuckySenatorsandmembersofCongress，claimthattheyhaveinKentuckyplentyofmen，andalltheywantarearmsandmoney。\"Ithensaiditwasnottrue;fortheyoungmenwerearmingandgoingoutopenlyinbroaddaylighttotherebelcamps，providedwithgoodhorsesandgunsbytheirfathers，whowereatbest\"neutral;\"andastoarms，hehad，inWashington，promisedGeneralAndersonfortythousandofthebestSpringfieldmuskets，insteadofwhichwehadreceivedonlyabouttwelvethousandBelgianmuskets，whichtheGovernorofPennsylvaniahadrefused，ashadalsotheGovernorofOhio，butwhichhadbeenadjudgedgoodenoughforKentucky。IassertedthatvolunteercolonelsraisingregimentsinvariouspartsoftheStatehadcometoLouisvilleforarms，andwhentheysawwhatIhadtoofferhadscornedtoreceivethem——toconfirmthetruthofwhichIappealedtoMr。Guthrie，whosaidthateverywordIhadspokenwastrue，andherepeatedwhatIhadoftenheardhimsay，thatnomanwhoownedaslaveoramuleinKentuckycouldbetrusted。