The Spirit of Laws

第26章

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第26章

The Spirit of Laws Baron Charles De Secondat Mont

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The Spirit of Laws
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  Allthatissurprisinginthefactinquestionwillsoondisappear,onlybycomparingtwopassagesinPlutarch。Theregallaw[33]permittedahusbandtorepudiateinthethreecasesalreadymentioned,and\"itenjoined,\"saysPlutarch,[34]\"thathewhorepudiatedinanyothercaseshouldbeobligedtogivethehalfofhissubstancetohiswife,andthattheotherhalfshouldbeconsecratedtoCeres。\"Theymightthenrepudiateinallcases,iftheywerebutwillingtosubmittothepenalty。NobodyhaddonethisbeforeCarviliusRuga,[35]who,asPlutarchsaysinanotherplace,[36]\"putawayhiswifeforhersterilitytwohundredandthirtyyearsafterRomulus。\"Thatis,shewasrepudiatedseventy—oneyearsbeforethelawoftheTwelveTables,whichextendedboththepowerandcausesofrepudiation。

  TheauthorsIhavecitedsaythatCarviliusRugalovedhiswife,butthatthecensorsmadehimtakeanoathtoputheraway,becauseofherbarrenness,totheendthathemightgivechildrentotherepublic;andthatthisrenderedhimodioustothepeople。WemustknowthegeniusandtemperoftheRomansbeforewecandiscoverthetruecauseofthehatredtheyhadconceivedagainstCarvilius。Hedidnotfallintodisgracewiththepeopleforrepudiatinghiswife;thiswasanaffairthatdidnotatallconcernthem。ButCarviliushadtakenanoathtothecensors,thatbyreasonofthesterilityofhiswifehewouldrepudiatehertogivechildrentotherepublic。Thiswasayokewhichthepeoplesawthecensorsweregoingtoputuponthem。Ishalldiscover,intheprosecutionofthiswork,[37]therepugnancewhichtheyalwaysfelttoregulationsofthelikekind。Butwhencecansuchacontradictionbetweenthoseauthorsarise?ItisbecausePlutarchexaminedintoafact,andtheothershaverecountedaprodigy。

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  1。\"MahometmarriedCadhisjaatfive,andtookhertohisbedateightyearsold。InthehotcountriesofArabiaandtheIndies,girlsaremarriageableateightyearsofage,andarebroughttobedtheyearafter。\"——Prideaux,LifeofMahomet。WeseewomeninthekingdomofAlgierspregnantatnine,ten,andelevenyearsofage。——LaugierdeTassis,HistoryoftheKingdomofAlgiers,p。61。

  2。SeeJornandes,DeRegnoettempor。success。,andtheecclesiastichistorians。

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